Growatt AXE 5.0L User manual

Residential Energy Storage User Manual
AXE 5.0L Battery System

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About this Document
This document describes the installation, electrical connection, operation, commission,
maintenance and troubleshooting of AXE 5.0L-C1 Battery System (hereafter simply putAXE 5.0L).
Before installing and operating AXE 5.0L, ensure that you are familiar with product features,
functions, and safety precautions provided in this document.
Symbol
Description
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, if not avoided, could
result in serious injury or death.

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Table of Contents
1 Product Overview......................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Intended Use......................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Appearance........................................................................................................................................4
1.2.1 Dimension ......................................................................................................................................4
1.2.2 Introduction to the battery operation panel.....................................................................................4
1.3 Working Principle and Function........................................................................................................ 5
2 Safety.........................................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Basic security ....................................................................................................................................6
2.2 Safety Precautions............................................................................................................................. 6
2.3 Warning Labels..................................................................................................................................7
2.4 Emergency Responses.......................................................................................................................9
3 Storage and Transportation........................................................................................................................9
3.1 Storage Requirements........................................................................................................................9
3.2 Transportation Requirement............................................................................................................10
4 Installation...............................................................................................................................................10
4.1 Installation environment..................................................................................................................10
4.2 Basic Installation Requirements......................................................................................................11
4.3 Installation Required Tools..............................................................................................................11
4.4 Check...............................................................................................................................................12
4.5 Installation.......................................................................................................................................13
5 Power on and off the Battery...................................................................................................................18
5.1 Power On.........................................................................................................................................18
5.2 Power off.........................................................................................................................................19
6 Maintenance Guide .................................................................................................................................19
6.1 Preparation ......................................................................................................................................19
6.2 PACK Replacement.........................................................................................................................19
6.3 System Failure Information List and Troubleshooting Suggestions................................................20
7 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................21
Appendix I.............................................................................................................................................22

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1 Product Overview
1.1 Intended Use
Each AXE 5.0L consists of 100Ah cells which form 51.2V voltage battery module and sixteen serial
connection (1P16S). A single cluster can connect up to 10 batteries in parallel, and up to 8
clusters in parallel to expand the capacity and power of the energy storage system. The same
type of cell and the same software version of the PACK can be used in parallel. Specifically, the AXE
battery system powers the loads through PCS at nighttime without solar; when solar becomes available
during daytime, solar energy powers the loads as a priority and store residual solar power into the AXE
batter system.
1.2Appearance
AXE 5.0L consists of battery module (including cell and mechanical parts), battery management
system (BMS) as well as power and communication terminals. Product appearance is shown as below.
1.2.1 Dimension
Figure 1：Battery size diagram
1.2.2 Introduction to the battery operation panel
Figure 2: Introduction to the battery operation panel
Location
Port
Function
1
Fault light
Display battery alarm and fault status
2
SOC light
Display battery SOC status
3
Power button
Turn the battery on and off
4
Positive terminal
Stands for PACK anode output
5
Communication
Communication between battery packs of single

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interface
cluster
6
USB interface
USB interface for system upgrade
7
Communication
interface
Link-out for multi-cluster in parallel
communication
8
Link-in for multi-cluster in parallel communication
9
PCS CAN communication
10
GND terminal
Terminal connect to ground
11
Negative terminal
Stands for PACK cathode output
Figure 3: LED lights
No.
Name
Color
Description
a
RUN
Green
Normal operation
b
ALM
Red
Failure or protection status
c
LED 1
Blue
0%-25%
d
LED 2
Blue
26%-50%
e
LED 3
Blue
51%-75%
f
LED 4
Blue
76%-100%
1.3 Working Principle and Function
AXE 5.0L is an energy storage unit composed of electrochemical cells, switch button, battery
management unit, power and signal terminals, and mechanical parts.
It features better charge and discharge performance, more precise status monitor, longer cycle life,
and less self-discharge loss than other batteries.
The scalability is very strong, a single cluster can connect up to 10 batteries in parallel, and up to 8
clusters in parallel to expand the capacity and power of the energy storage system
The whole battery system communicates to Power Conversion System (PCS) via CAN.
Monitoring: voltage, current and temperature detection of both single cells and PACK.
Protection and Alarm: protection and alarm when overvoltage, under voltage, over current,
over-temperature or under temperature occurs. See Appendix I for details.
Report: report all alarm and status data to PCS.
Power off triggered by fault: PACK and PCS communication drop for 25 minutes or under
voltage protection for 2 minutes.

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2 Safety
Safety information contains in this section must be observed at all times when working on or with
batteries. For safety, installers are responsibility to familiarize themselves with this manual and all
warnings before installation.
2.1 Basic security
The PACK has been designed and tested in strict rules with international safety certification
requirements. Read all safety instructions carefully before any work and obey the rules at all times when
working on or with the PACK. Growatt shall not be liable for any consequence caused by the violation of
the following:
Damage occurred during transportation
Incorrect transportation, storage, installation and use, or customer fails to convey the correct
information about transportation, storage, installation and use to terminal customers.
Non-professional installation
Failure to obey the rules of this operation instructions and safety precautions in this document
Unauthorized modifications or removal of the software package
PACK tamper label is damaged or product with any part missing (except the authorized dissemble
parts).
Operate and use in extreme environments not allowed in this document.
Repair, disassemble, or change PACKs without authorization and cause failure.
Damage to shell labels or modifies date of production.
PACK fail to be charge for more than six months.
Damages due to force majeure (such as lightning, earthquakes, fire, and storms)
Warranty expiration
2.2 Safety Precautions
2.2.1 Environment requirements
Do not expose the battery to temperature above 50℃or heat sources.
Do not install or use the battery in wet locations, moisture , corrosive gases or liquids, such as
bathroom.
Do not expose the battery to direct sunlight for extended periods of time.
Place battery in safe place away from children and animals.
Battery power terminals shall not touch conductive objects such as wires.
Do not dispose the batteries in fire, which may cause an explosion.
The PACK shall not come in contact with liquids.
The PACK can only be installed indoors. Regarding indoor installation, please do not install it in the
bedroom, living room, kitchen, etc.
2.2.2 Operation Precautions
Do not touch the PACK with wet hands.
Do not disassemble the PACK without permission
Do not crush, drop or puncture the PACK and battery.
Dispose the batteries according to local safety regulations.
Store and recharge battery in accordance with this manual.
Ensure the connection of ground wire reliable.

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Remove all metal objects such as watches and rings that could cause a short-circuit before installation,
replacement and maintenance.
The Pack shall be repaired, replaced or maintained by skilled personal that has been recognized.
When storing or handling batteries ,do not stack batteries without package.
Do not broke the battery, the released electrolyte may be toxic and is harmful to skin and eyes.
Packaged batteries should not be stacked more than specified number stipulated on the packing case.
Do not use damaged, failed or deformed batteries, which may lead to high temperature or even
dangerous accidents. Continued operation of damaged battery may result in electrical shock, fire or
even worse.
2.3 Warning Labels
Symbols
Description
Do not dispose in trash
Lithium ion battery can be recycled
Certification in European union area
Electric shock hazard
Explosive gas
May leak corrosive electrolyte
Heavy enough to cause severe injury
Keep the Pack away from children

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Make sure the battery polarity well connected
Do not expose to fire
Operate as the Manual
Figure 4: Nameplate
Figure 5: Label

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2.4 Emergency Responses
Manufacturer takes foreseeable risk scenarios into consideration and is designed to reduce hazards and
dangers. However, if the following situation occurs, do as below:
Situation
Occurs
Description and action need
Leakage
Avoid touch of leaking liquid or gas. If you touch the leaking
electrolyte, do as below immediately.
Inhalation: Evacuate the contaminated area, and seek medical
help.
Eye contact: Rinse eyes with flowing water for 15 minutes, and
seek medical help.
Skin contact: Rinse contacted area thoroughly with soap and
water, and seek medical help.
Ingestion: Vomiting, and seek medical help.
Fire
It’s hard for PACK systems ignite spontaneously. If the PACK
has caught a fire, do not try to extinguish the fire but evacuate
people immediately.
Wet Packs
If PACK is flooded or submerged, do not access it. Contact
Growatt or distributor for technical assistance immediately.
Damaged
PACKS
Damaged PACKS are dangerous and must be handled with
special attention. They are no longer suitable for use and may
cause danger to people. If the PACK damaged, stop use it and
contact the Growatt or distributor.
3 Storage and Transportation
3.1 Storage Requirements
Place the PACK follow the identification on the packing case during storage.
Do not put the PACK upside down or sidelong.
The defective PACK needs to be separated from other PACKs.
The storage environment requirements are as follows:
1) Install the PACK in a dry and clean place with proper ventilation.
2) The storage temperature for a short week is between -20℃to 50℃
3) If you store the PACK over a long period of six months, the storage temperature is
between-20°C to 45°C, relative humidity: 5%~95%RH.
4) Place the PACK away from corrosive and organic substances (including gas exposure).
5) Free from direct exposure to sunlight and rain
6) At least two meters away from heat sources (such as a radiator)
7) Free from exposure to intensive infrared radiation.
If the PACK has not been used for more than six months, it needs to be charged, The charging
procedure is as follows:
1) Identify the PACK that needs charging;

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2) Refer to quick installation guidance, complete the installation and wire connection. Ensure
PACK in off status during all the steps.
3) Set the power system as “CC≤25A, CV=55.8V” , activate the PACK and start recharging.
4) Recharge until LED2 flicks.
5) Having completed recharge, leave circuit open for five minutes before check voltage. If
voltage is not less than 52V, the recharge succe.
3.2 Transportation Requirement
PACK has been certified in UN38.3 (Section 38.3 of the sixth Revised Edition of the
Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods: Manual of Tests and Criteria) and SN/T
0370.2-2009 (Part 2: Performance Test of the Rules for the Inspection of Packaging for Exporting
Dangerous Goods). PACK is classified as category 9 dangerous goods.
The PACK shall not be transported with other inflammable, explosive or toxic substances
Ensure the original Package and label complete and recognizable.
Prohibit direct exposure to sunlight, rain, condensing water caused by temperature difference and
mechanical damages.
There will be a drop in capacity during transportation and storage.
Transportation temperature is between-20°C to 45°C, relative humidity: 5%~95%RH
4 Installation
Ensure to read the Guidance before installation in order to understand product information and safety
cautions;
Operators should be well trained technicians and fully understand the whole photovoltaic system, grid
network, working principle and national regional standards;
Installers must use insulating tools and wear safety equipment;
Device damages caused by failure to comply with storage, transportation, installation and use
requirements specified in Guidance are not coved by Warranty.
The PACK can only be installed indoors. Regarding indoor installation, please do not install it in the
bedroom, living room, kitchen, etc.
Different types of batteries are not recommended to be mixed and used in parallel. For example,AXE
5.0L-C1 cannot be mixed with AXE 5.0L-P1.
The battery system cannot be installed, dismantled, and maintained when it has been powered on.
4.1 Installation environment
The ambient temperature for the installation of the battery system shall be above 0℃, below 50℃, and
the humidity shall between 5% and 95%.

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Fig 6: Installation environment requirements
4.2 Basic Installation Requirements
Figure 7: Acceptable floor standing installation
Do not turn the PACK upside down, and keep the ground level.
4.3 Installation Required Tools
The following tools are required to install the PACK:

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It is recommended to wear the following safety gear when dealing with the PACK.
4.4 Check
4.4.1.1 Pre-installation Check
Check the package
Check the PACK package before open it. If any abnormity is
detected, do not open the Package and contact your distributor.
Check the power
Check and confirm the PACK is powered off before
installation.
Check deliverable
Check the quantity of all parts inside according to the package
list. If there is any part missing or damaged, please contact your
distributor.
4.4.1.2 Check Packing List
Figure8: AXE 5.0L packing list
5mm Allen key
Screw Driver
Wrench
Tap Measure
Multimeter
Insulated Glove
Safety Goggle
Safety Shoes

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4.4.1.3 Check accessories
Figure 9: Parts list
Installation Method
Compound Mode
Single cluster installation
A*M+B+C
Floor installation into N columns
A*M+B*N+C*N
Note: "M" means the number of batteries, "N" means the number of clusters.
4.5 Installation
4.5.1 Floor Standing Installation
1) The battery base is required while installing the battery system .
2) The maximum quantity of stacking battery pack is 10, if it exceeds 10, please install them by
the way of multiple clusters in parallel.
3) Please install indoors and ensure the level of the ground.

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Figure 10:MultipleAXE 5.0L with base installation process
Step 1: Check the ground, make sure that the ground is level, then place the base at the position where it
needs to be installed, and keep the base level
Step 2: Place the first battery on the base
Step 3: Stack the second battery on the first battery, stack the third battery on the second battery, and so on,
until all the batteries are installed
Step 4: Make sure that all the batteries are aligned, then use a screwdriver to open the connectors on the left
end of the batteries, rotate the connector position, and connect the upper and lower battery modules
together.
4.5.2 Electrical Connection
Do not forget wear ESD wrist strap and gloves, safety gloves and goggles.
It is recommended that the power line and communication line between the battery and the PCS
should not exceed 2 meters
4.5.2.1 Communication interface definition:

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Item
Crystal head picture
Serial no.
Definition
PCS
1
RS485_B
2
RS 485_A
3
GND_COM
4
CAN_H
5
CAN_L
6
GND_COM
7
WAKE-
8
WAKE+
4.5.2.2 Single cluster wiring
Figure 11: Block diagram of a single cluster system Figure 12: Single cluster communication wiring

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Figure 13: Power connection
Note:
1) The battery is not allowed to be wired in the running state, and the RUN lights of the battery module
should all be off before installation.
2) Please install the communication line first, then plug the unused RJ45 port and USB port with a dust cover, and finally
install the power line.
3) To ensure the safety of the system, do not forget to ground the ground wire
4) We recommend installing a circuit breaker between the PCS and the battery. For the specifications of
the circuit breaker, we recommend using a molded case circuit breaker with a rated operating voltage
greater than 80Vdc and a rated operating current greater than 200A.
5) No cable connection required between battery packs in a single battery cluster.
4.5.2.3 Multi-cluster wiring

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Figure 14: Block diagram of multi-cluster system
Figure 15: Multi-cluster communication wiring
Note:
1) Refer to Figure 13 for power line wiring.
2) The power combiner box needs to be prepared by the user.
3) Please install the communication line first, then plug the unused communication port and USB port with a dust cover,
and finally install the power line.
4) We recommend installing a circuit breaker between the PCS and each cluster.. For the specifications of
the circuit breaker, we recommend using a molded case circuit breaker with a rated operating voltage
greater than 80Vdc and a rated operating current greater than 200A.
4.5.3 Remove the power cord

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Figure 16: Remove the power cord
Step 1: Remove the security screw
Step 2: Press the buttons on both sides of the terminal at the same time, and then pull it out forcefully
5 Power on and off the Battery
The installation and use of batteries involve much specialized knowledge. Therefore, technicians
should be given appropriate technical training and obtain operational certificates in compliance with
local laws and regulations. Please ensure technicians have obtained training certificate before
operation.
Please stand on dry insulating objects and do not wear conductive material such as watches and
necklace during operation. Insulated tools should be used.
Do not contact any positions with potential difference.
Prohibition sign should be hung on the battery: " Non - professionals, do not touch".
If any abnormalities occur during the startup phase, power off the PACK immediately. After problem
confirmed, proceed again.
Make sure the inverter is turned off before checking the PACK.
5.1 Power On
When multiple batteries are connected in parallel or multiple clusters of batteries are connected in parallel,
press one of the battery power buttons and all the batteries connected in parallel can be turned on.
Power on the PACK by pressing power button(t>2S)
Serial
Procedures
Acceptation criteria
1
Connect the battery
and PCS
Make sure the wiring harnesses are well
connected
2
Close the breaker of the
PACK
Make sure the breaker is ON
3
Press POWER button for
1. If both RUN/ALM and SOC lights turn

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three to five seconds.
Observe the LED
indication on panel.
on normally, PACK is powered on
successfully.
2. If RUN/ALM light turns red, there is a
failure and should solve it before power on
again.
Power on the PACK by PCS
1
Connect the battery
and PCS
Make sure the wiring harnesses are well
connected
2
Close the breaker of the
PACK
Make sure the breaker is ON
3
Power on the PCS. PCS
outputs a wake up signal
of 5V or an output main
circuit voltage signal of
46-58V
1. If both RUN/ALM and SOC lights turn
on normal, PACK powers on successfully.
2. If RUN/ALM light turns red, there is a
failure and should solve it before power on
again.
5.2 Power off
Press the power button to turn off the PACK and five LED lights will flicker for three times. If under
the situation of multiple packs in parallel, only turning off one of the packs then the whole battery system
will turn off.
6 Maintenance Guide
6.1 Preparation
Tools like safety gloves, cross head driver and socket wrench should be prepared.
Turn off and turn on new PACK.
1. If the PACK is power-off. Press power button for 3-5 seconds to turn on.
2. If the PACK is power-on. Press power button once to turn off.
Before maintaining the battery, turn off the breaker and press power button once to make sure the
PACK is power-off. Follow the installation and wire connection procedures specified above. Ensure
wires are properly connected before turn the breaker on. After that, turn on the breaker and press power
button of any PACK for 3-5 seconds to check if the system normal works.
6.2 PACK Replacement
Wear safety gloves
Open the breaker and power off the PACK.
Remove your safety screw under the power supply, and disconnect the power cord and CAN
communication line of the PACK.
Remove the safety part at the left end of the battery and lift the PACK upward.
Put the PACK into the packing box according to the repair procedure and transport the PACK to
the designated repair site.
Install new PACK based on procedure specified in Section 4.

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6.3 System Failure Information List and Troubleshooting Suggestions
Error
Indication
Error description
Error cause
Suggested actions
ALM
（ALM
Light
Flickers）
Discharge under
voltage protection
Single cell voltage
below the threshold
for under-voltage
protection.
There is over discharge risk.
User should stop discharging and
arrange recharge
Charge over voltage
protection
Single cell voltage
exceeding
threshold for
protection
threshold.
1. There is no safety threat;
2. User should stop charging.
Idle
PACK and it will turn to normal
status.
External CAN
Communication
failure
Communication loss
between
PCS and PACK.
1. There is no safety threat and
user should stop using battery.
2. Check if PCS and battery
communication
terminal is well connected.
3. If PCS and PACK cannot
communicate when the
communication wire is
confirmed well connected, user
should contact installer to repair
battery.
Interior CAN
Communication
failure
Communication loss
between
two parallel
1. Check Can connection
between
two batteries, CAN connection
between Linkin and Linkout;
Parallel connection
failure
protection
Communication
failure
between two parallel
connected PACK
1. Check Can connection
between
two batteries, CAN connection
between Battery and PCS;
(ALM Light
on)
Discharge short
circuit
External short circuit
of
PACK
There is safety risk and user
should stop using battery
User should contact installer to
repair
PCS and battery
Precharger short
circuit
Precharger overtime
circuit
Type inconsistency
of PACK
The pack type is
different
There is safety risk and user
should stop using battery
User should contact installer to
use the same PACK in Parallel.
Main circuit fault
BMS main power
There is safety risk and user