Hammond Sk Series User manual

-73
-88
MIDI

MIDI
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MIDI
ËA Word About What MIDI Can Do
The letters MIDI stand for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. MIDI is an international standard for allowing electronic
musical instruments equipped with MIDI capability to exchange performance information. For example, a synthesizer
can be used to communicate with a drum machine, an electronic piano can interface with a computer, and so forth.
Additionally, since MIDI is an international standard recognized and implemented by all musical instrument manufacturers
worldwide, instruments made by different manufacturers can communicate with each other via MIDI.
ËMIDI Connections
MIDI IN and MIDI OUT
In order to allow communication to take place, all MIDI-equipped instruments have at least two MIDI jacks -MIDI IN and
MIDI OUT. MIDI IN is for receiving MIDI data from another instrument, while MIDI OUT is for sending MIDI data out
to another instrument.
In the example above, the keyboard(s) of the sending or transmitting instrument (MIDI OUT) are being used to control
the sound generators of the receiving instrument (MIDI IN). When a key is played on the sending instrument, the
corresponding note will play on the receiving instrument as though the appropriate key had been pressed on the receiving
instruments's keyboard. When the key is released on the sending instrument, the tone being played by the receiving
instrumentwill stop. (This is called "Note On / Note Off" data.) The sending instrument is referred to as the master, while
the receiving instrument is called the slave. This is the most basic MIDI hookup.
The above is an example of two-way communication between two MIDI-equipped devices. In this example, the
keyboard(s) of either instrument can be used to control the sound generators of the other.

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MIDI THRU
Many MIDI instruments also have an additional MIDI connection called MIDI THRU. MIDI THRU allows more than one
instrument to be controlled by the same transmitting instrument - in other words, the data being sent from MIDI OUT goes
to the MIDI IN, where it can be passed on to another instrument via MIDI THRU. The picture shown below shows how
this is done.
In the above example, the MIDI data goes from the master instrument (MIDI OUT) to the slave instrument (MIDI IN),
which receives the data and passes it along to a third instrument via the MIDI THRU connection.
IMPORTANT NOTE: If you reverse the MIDI IN and MIDI OUT connections, you can play the other
instrument from the synthesizer just as easily.
ËAudio and MIDI Connections
Example: A sound module
Note that the LINE OUT or AUDIO OUT signal connection is made to an external amplifier. The LINE OUT audio
connection from the module, of course, could also be connected to the LINE IN of the Sk-series instrument.

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ËMIDI Edit Menu
This Advanced Feature Menu allows you to set the overall MIDI parameters for the instrument.
TRY THIS:
1. From eitherofthe PLAY Screens,touch the MENU/EXIT Touch Button to see the firstscreen of the MENU
Mode. You will see “A" displayed in the extreme upper left corner of the Information Center Display.
2. Touch the PAGE UP Touch Button three times. You will see “D" displayed in the extreme upper left
corner of the Information Center Display. The word “ZONES” in the upper left corner of the Information
Center Display will be blinking.
3. Touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The word, “MIDI” in the lower left corner of the display will
now blink.
4. Touch the ENTER Touch Button.
You are now in the MIDI Edit Menu. You may now use the PAGE NAVIGATION Touch Buttons in conjunction
with the VALUE Rotary Control to change the MIDI performance of your Sk-series instrument. This is explained
starting on the next page.

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ËHow MIDI Works on the Sk-series:
The Sk-series instruments can function in a large variety of MIDI environments. In addition to transmitting basic MIDI
information such as Note On/Note Off and Note Velocity, the SK also can transmit Program Changes, Control Changes,
NRPN and System Exclusive (SyxEx) codes.
It is also possible to use the SK as a MIDI Master Keyboard for layering or multi-timbral (playing more than one sound
at the same time) applications. The following paragraphs explain this in more detail.
KEYBOARD (INTERNAL) CHANNELS
The internal sounds of the instrument - both Drawbars and Extra Voices - will play on what are called the Keyboard or
Internal Channels. The Keyboard Channels transmit Note On/Note Off and Velocity data from the Upper, Lower and
Pedal divisions. These channels will both send (MIDI OUT) and receive (MIDI IN) data, and are therefore used when
recording and playing back sequences.
NOTE: The Upper Keyboard Channel, in addition to Note On/Note Off and Velocity, also is used for transmitting
Controller data.
EXTERNAL ZONE CHANNELS
The External Zone Channels allow you to use the SK as a MIDI Master Keyboard. These allow you to play additional
sounds from another MIDI instrument such as a sound module. The External Zones transmit but do not receive MIDI data
- in other words, they are MIDI OUT only.
There are three (3) External Zone Channels which can be assigned to the Upper Manual, Lower Manual or Pedals. In
addition, different configurations can be saved to different Patches - for example, one Patch can have all three External
Zones assigned to the Upper Manual, another Patch can have one External Zone each for Upper, Lower and Pedals, etc.
The Internal and External Channels of the instrument are referred to as Zones. The features available for the Zones are
found in the ZONE Edit Menu. This is explained fully starting on page 20.

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MIDI Edit Menu - Page 1 - MIDI Template
What Is a “MIDI Template?”
Because MIDI can be used with such a wide variety of devices - such as synthesizers, sound modules, sequencers, etc. -
there are a number of features associated with MIDI, such as Program Change, Controller Change, etc., that allow each
MIDI setup to be optimized for the best results in each application. However, making all of these settings manually can
be quite time-consuming and error-prone.
Therefore, your Sk-series instrument contains a number of pre-formatted settings for the various MIDI parameters which
represent the most ideal settings for each MIDI environment. A group of these settings is called a MIDI Template.
This Advanced Feature Menu Page allows you to select the MIDI Template you want to use.
Use the PAGE RIGHT and PAGE LEFT Touch Buttons to see the various Template settings.
When you have made your selection, touch the ENTER Touch Button. The MIDI parameters will be set according
to the Template you selected.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The Sk1 and Sk2 have different Template settings. For a complete listing of the MIDI
Templates for your Sk-series instrument, consult the following pages. Page 5 describes the templates for the
Sk1, Sk1-73 and Sk1-88 while Page 6 describes the templates for the Sk2. In addition to the specific
Parameter settings, the charts also contain explanations for the performing environment each Template is
designed for. Therefore please read the descriptions carefully to determine the best setting for your particular
setup.

MIDI
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MIDI Templates - Sk1, Sk1-73, Sk1-88

MIDI
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MIDI Templates - Sk2

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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE UP Touch Button once. Page 2 of the MIDI Edit Menu should display.
The Information Center Display should now look like this:
MIDI Edit Menu - Page 2 - Master MIDI Settings
This Advanced Feature Menu allows you to set the MIDI parameters which affect how the entire instrument will function
in a MIDI environment. It consists of several screens.
Use the PAGE LEFT and PAGE RIGHT Touch Buttons to move back and forth among the various screens.
Screen 1 - MIDI IN jack
This Advanced Feature allows you to set how incoming MIDI data (external MIDI device connected via the MIDI IN port)
is handled. The options are:
The data chart below shows the options you may select.
MIDI IN jack options
Description Function
LOW ER Incoming MIDI data plays the LOW ER part and is retransmitted on MIDI Channel 13.
PEDAL Incoming MIDI data plays the PEDAL part and is retransmitted on MIDI Channel 14.
LOW + PED Incoming MIDI data plays both LOWER and PEDAL parts and is retransmitted on MIDI
Channels 13 and 14.
SEQUENCE Incoming MIDI data plays UPPER, LOWER and PEDAL parts, but is not retransmitted.
EXVOICE Incoming MIDI data plays the EXTRA VOICE setting. Data is not retransmitted.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.

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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
Screen 2 - MIDI Local Control, NRPN & Leslie MIDI Parameters
This Advanced Feature Menu screen contains 3 different functions. Use the PAGE LEFT and PAGE RIGHT Touch
Buttons to move back and forth among the functions
MIDI Local Control.
This Advanced Feature allows you to turn Local Control "ON" or "OFF.” When Local Control is "ON,” the Sk-series
instrument will play both its internal sounds and the sounds from a connected MIDI device. When Local Control is "OFF,”
the Sk-series instrument will play only the sounds from a connected MIDI device and the Sk-series instrument's internal
sounds are silenced.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to turn Local Control on or off.
From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
MIDI NRPN
This Advanced Feature allows you to turn "ON" or "OFF" NRPN.
What Is “NPRN?”
"NRPN,” or Non-Registered Parameter Number, is an expanded control change message, each function of which is
implemented differently by different manufacturers. The Hammond Sk-series instrument uses NRPN to allow you to
control such parameters as Percussion 2nd and 3rd Harmonic ON/OFF, Vibrato or Chorus ON/OFF, Leslie ON/OFF and
Leslie Slow/Fast. When NRPN is “ON,” NRPN codes are transmitted along with the other MIDI data. When NRPN is
“OFF,” NRPN codes will not be transmitted but other MIDI data such as Note On/Note Off, Note Velocity, etc. will
continue to be transmitted..
NOTE: Most of the Touch Tabs on the Sk-series instrument have NRPN Controller numbers assigned to them. To
see a complete list of all NRPN codes transmitted and recognized by the Sk-series instrument, consult the
APPENDIX.
NOTE: When this Advanced Feature is “ON,” the Sk-series instrument will both transmit and receive NRPN codes.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to turn NRPN ON or OFF.

MIDI
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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
Leslie MIDI Parameters
Many of the Leslie Parameters, such as Slow and Fast Speeds, Rise and Fall Times, etc. are sent out as MIDI NRPN codes.
The rotors on the Leslie 21 system can receive these codes and respond accordingly. This Advanced Feature allows you
to control how to send Leslie Parameters. The choices are:
“SK” - The Leslie Parameters will be sent out as normal NRPN codes.
“21" - The Leslie Parameters will be sent out as Leslie 21 series NRPN codes.
NOTE: For a listing of the Leslie 21 NRPN codes, please consult the MIDI Implenetation Chart in the Leslie 21-
series Owner’s Guide (models 2101, 2103, 2101 Mark II and 2103 Mark II).
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.
NOTE: When a Cabinet Number is selected (i.e. by Patch), the Leslie Parameters are sent out also.
NOTE: The Leslie Parameters are sent out only on the UPPER Channel.
NOTE: This Advanced Feature will change automatically when a Leslie speaker is connected or disconnected via
the 8-pin LESLIE Jack.

MIDI
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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
Screen 3 - MIDI Transmit & Receive - Program Change, Drawbar Data & External Zone
This Advanced Feature Menu screen contains 3 different functions. Use the PAGE LEFT and PAGE RIGHT Touch
Buttons to move back and forth among the functions
MIDI Program Change
Program is the MIDI term for a particular sound or effect, such as Piano, Trumpet, Thunder, etc. Each MIDI program
is assigned a number from 1 through 127, and these numbers are transmitted to a connected MIDI device such as a sound
module. In this way, changes in sound, or what organists refer to as registration, can be made.
This Advanced Feature allows you to turn Program Change "ON" or "OFF.” When Program Change is "ON,” the Sk-
series instrument will send Program Changes out to a connected MIDI device. When Program Change is "OFF,” Program
Changes are not transmitted.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.
What Is “General MIDI?”
With the advent of the newer General MIDI (GM) standard it is now easier for someone to connect two or more brands
of MIDI devices and use them. As an example, before General MIDI different manufacturers assigned different program
numbers to different sounds. If, for example, Program Number 4 is Strings on a “brand X” MIDI device and Program
Number 4 is Trumpet on a “brand Y” device, and you sent MIDI Program Number 4 from a keyboard you were playing
to each device, you would hear Strings from one and Trumpet from the other. However, you wanted both units to play
Strings.
The General MIDI addition to the original MIDI specification was created so that generic Standard MIDI Files created
on a sequencer or notation application may be played back on another device while preserving the integrity of the original
selection. It follows a standard that assigns 128 instrument sounds to specific numbers. There are sixteen specific
families or types of instruments and eight instruments within each group. A separate group of percussion sounds is usually
available on MIDI channel 10, and they are assigned to specific notes on a MIDI keyboard.
GENERAL MIDI VOICE GROUPS
Piano Chromatic Percussion Organ Guitar
Bass Strings Ensemble Brass
Reed Pipe Synth Lead Synth Pad
Synth F/X Ethnic Percussive Sound F/X

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Here is the list of General MIDI voices followed by their program numbers.
General MIDI Instrument Chart
Program Instrument Program Instrument Program Instrument Program Instrument
1 Grand Piano 33 W ood Bass 65 Soprano Sax 97 Ice Rain
2 Bright Piano 34 Fingered 66 Alto Sax 98 Soundtrack
3Electric Grand 35 Pick Bass 67 Tenor Sax 99 Crystal
4 Honky Tonk 36 Fretless 68 Baritone Sax 100 Atm osphere
5 Electric Piano 37 Slap Bass 1 69 Oboe 101 Brightness
6 Electric Piano 38 Slap Bass 2 70 English Horn 102 Goblin
7 Harpsichord 39 Synth Bass 1 71 Bassoon 103 Echo Drops
8 Clavi 40 Synth Bass 72 Clarinet 104 Sci-Fi
9 Celesta 41 Violin 73 Piccolo 105 Sitar
10 Glockenspiel 42 Viola 74 Flute 106 Banjo
11 Music Box 43 Cello 75 Recorder 107 Samisen
12 Vibraphone 44 Double Bass 76 Pan Flute 108 Koto
13 Marimba 45 Tremolo 77 Blown Bottle 109 Kalimba
14 Xylophone 46 Pizzicato 78 Shakahachi 110 Bagpipe
15 Tubular Bells 47 Harp 79 W histle 111 Fiddle
16 Dulcimer 48 Timpani 80 Ocarina 112 Shanai
17 Drawbar 49 Strings 1 81 Square Lead 113 Tinkle Bell
18 Percussive 50 Strings 2 82 Sawtooth 114 Agogo Bells
19 Rock Organ 51 Synth Strings 83 Calliope 115 Steel Drum
20 Church Organ 52 Synth Strings 84 Chiff Lead 116 W ood Block
21 Reed Organ 53 Choir Aahs 85 Charanga 117 Taiko Drum
22 French 54 Choir Oohs 86 Voice Lead 118 Melodic Tom
23 Harmonica 55 Synth Choir 87 Fifth Lead 119 Synth Tom
24 Tango 56 Orchestral 88 Bass & Lead 129 Reverse
25 Nylon String 57 Trumpet 89 New Age 121 Guitar Fret
26 Steel String 58 Trombone 90 W arm Pad 122 Breath Noise
27 Jazz Guitar 59 Tuba 91 Poly Synth 123 Seashore
28 Clean Guitar 60 Muted 92 Choir Pad 124 Bird Tweet
29 Muted Guitar 61 French Horn 93 Bowed Pad 125 Telephone
30 Overdriven 62 Brass 94 Metal Pad 126 Helicopter
31 Distortion 63 Synth Brass 95 Halo Pad 127 Applause
32 Guitar 64 Synth Brass 96 Sweep Pad 128 Gunshot
The General MIDI logo looks like this:
Any MIDI device with this logo will conform to the General MIDI Standard.
Any MIDI device that conforms to the General MIDI Standard will assign a specific number to each instrument, and
will have at least a 24-note polyphonic capability.

MIDI
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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
MIDI Drawbar Registration
This Advanced Feature allows you to decide whether you want to transmit the current Drawbar registration to a connected
MIDI device such as a sequencer, another Hammond Organ, etc. When this switch is is "ON,” the Sk-series instrument
will send Drawbar Data out to a connected MIDI device. When this switch is "OFF,” Drawbar Data will not be
transmitted.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.
From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
MIDI External Zone
This Advanced Feature allows you to decide whether you want to transmit External Zone data to a connected MIDI device.
When this switch is is "ON,” the Sk-series instrument will send External Zone data out to a connected MIDI device.
When this switch is "OFF,” External Zone data will not be transmitted.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.

MIDI
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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
Screen 4 - MIDI Instrument ID & MIDI Dump
This Advanced Feature Menu screen contains 2 different functions. Use the PAGE LEFT and PAGE RIGHT Touch
Buttons to move back and forth among the functions
MIDI Instrument ID
This Advanced Feature allows you to set the Device ID when transmitting System Exclusive messages.
What Is a “Device ID?”
In order to facilitate communication between MIDI devices from different manufacturers, the MIDI Manufacturer’s
Association (MMA) assigns each maker of MIDI devices a unique ID number. This ID number is treated as part of the
System Exclusive information and is embedded in the firmware of each device from a particular manufacturer. This allows
different MIDI instruments to identify each other and to transmit and receive MIDI information which may be unique to
a particular maker.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to select the Device ID.
NOTE: Hammond’s Device ID number is “17.”

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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
MIDI Receive Dump ON/OFF
The MIDI Dump Advanced Features are for use when you want to record and save a musical performance to a connected
MIDI Data recorder.
On the Sk-series instruments, the total onboard memory can be transmitted and received as a series of System Exclusive
(Sysx) messages called a Memory Dump. This Advanced Feature allows you to select whether or not you want System
Exclusive (SysEx) messages received as part of a Sequence. When this Advanced Feature is “ON,” Sysx data will be
received. When it is “OFF,” Sysx data will not be received.
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.
IMPORTANT NOTE: If you attempt a Data Dump to the Sk-series instrument when "OFF" is
displayed, the Information Center Display will flash, "Data Protect !" This ensures that you do not
accidentally overwrite data.
From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
Temporary Dump Send
This Advanced Feature allows you to transmit the current registration to a connected MIDI recorder.
NOTE: It is recommended that you perform this operation prior to recording a sequence to ensure that your
sequence will play back with the correct settings.
1. Make sure that the MIDI recorder is ready to receive data (RECORD).
2. Touch the ENTER Touch Button to start the data dump to the MIDI Data recorder. The Information Center
Display will show:
Transmitting....
When all information has been sent, the Information Center Display will flash:
Data completed!

MIDI
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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
This Advanced Feature allows you to transmit all of the settings to a connected MIDI recorder.
To transmit your settings, do the following
1. Make sure that the MIDI recorder is ready to receive data (RECORD).
2. Touch the ENTER Touch Button to start the data dump to the MIDI Data recorder. The Information Center
Display will show:
Transmitting....
When all information has been sent, the Information Center Display will flash:
Data completed!

MIDI
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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE UP Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now look
like this:
Screen 5 - MIDI Transmit - Keyboard Channels
This Advanced Feature Menu screen contains 3 different functions. Use the PAGE LEFT and PAGE RIGHT Touch
Buttons to move back and forth among the functions.
UPPER Transmit
This Advanced Feature Menu Page allows you to select on which MIDI Channel the UPPER Keyboard Channel will
transmit. You can select from “1" through “16" as well as “OFF.”
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.
From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
LOWER Transmit
This Advanced Feature Menu Page allows you to select on which MIDI Channel the LOWER Keyboard Channel will
transmit. You can select from “1" through “16" as well as “OFF.”
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.

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From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
PEDAL Transmit
This Advanced Feature Menu Page allows you to select on which MIDI Channel the PEDAL Keyboard Channel will
transmit. You can select from “1" through “16" as well as “OFF.”
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.
From the previous screen, touch the PAGE RIGHT Touch Button once. The Information Center Display should now
look like this:
Screen 6 - MIDI Receive - Keyboard Channels
This Advanced Feature Menu screen contains 3 different functions. Use the PAGE LEFT and PAGE RIGHT Touch
Buttons to move back and forth among the functions.
UPPER Receive
This Advanced Feature Menu Page allows you to select on which MIDI Channel the UPPER Keyboard Channel will
receive. You can select from “1" through “16" as well as “OFF.”
Turn the VALUE Rotary Control to make your selection.