Hi-Link HLK-LD2410 User manual

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Shenzhen Hilink
Electronics Co., Ltd.
HLK-LD2410
Human presence sensing
module
manual
版本：V1.03 修改日期：2022-6-29
版权所有@深圳市海凌科电子有限公司

HLK-LD2410
说明书
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Table of contents
1 Product introduction........................................................................................................................3
2 Product Features and Benefits.................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Features................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Solution advantage.............................................................................................................................5
3 Application scenarios.......................................................................................................................6
4 Hardware Description......................................................................................................................7
4.1 Dimensions............................................................................................................................................ 7
4.2 pin definition.........................................................................................................................................7
5 use and configuration..................................................................................................................... 8
5.1 Typical Application Circuit............................................................................................................... 8
5.2 The role of configuration parameters.........................................................................................8
5.3 Visual configuration tool description......................................................................................... 9
5.4 Mounting method and sensing range......................................................................................10
5.5 Installation conditions.....................................................................................................................12
6 Performance and Electrical Parameters................................................................................13
7 Radome Design Guidelines.........................................................................................................14
7.1 Effects of radomes on mmWave sensor performance.......................................................14
7.2 Radome Design Principles............................................................................................................. 14
7.3 Common materials........................................................................................................................... 14
8 revision history.................................................................................................................................15
9 Technical Support and Contact.................................................................................................15
Chart Index
表 1 Pin Definition Table............................................................................................................................................................7
表 2 Performance and Electrical Parameters Table.......................................................................................................... 13
表 3 Common material properties of radomes.................................................................................................................14
图 1 Diagram of how to use......................................................................................................................................................3
图 2 Comparison of millimeter wave radar scheme and other schemes..................................................................... 5
图 3 Application scenarios.........................................................................................................................................................6
图 4 Module physical map.........................................................................................................................................................7
图 5 Module Dimensions........................................................................................................................................................... 7
图 6 Module pin definition diagram.......................................................................................................................................7
图 7 Ceiling installation diagram...........................................................................................................................................10
图 8 Schematic diagram of detection range (the ceiling height is 3 meters)...........................................................10
图 9 Wall Mounting Diagram................................................................................................................................................. 11
图 10 Schematic diagram of detection range (wall-mounted height 1.5 meters).................................................. 11
图 11 Measured data of module working current............................................................................................................13

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1 Product introduction
LD2410 is a high-sensitivity 24GHz human presence status sensing module developed by
Hilink Electronics. Its working principle is to use FMCW frequency-modulated continuous
wave to detect human targets in the set space. Combined with radar signal processing and
accurate human body sensing algorithms, it realizes high-sensitivity human presence status
sensing, and can identify human bodies in motion and stationary states. And auxiliary
information such as the distance of the target can be calculated.
This product is mainly used in indoor scenes to sense whether there is a moving or micro-
moving human body in the area, and output the detection results in real time. The farthest
sensing distance can reach 5 meters, and the distance resolution is 0.75m. Provides a visual
configuration tool, which can easily configure the sensing distance range and sensing in
different intervals
Sensitivity and unmanned delay time, etc., to adapt to different specific application needs.
Support GPIO and UART output, plug and play, and can be flexibly applied to different smart
scenarios and terminal products.
celling
雷达
高度 2.6~3
米
Height
1.5~2m
5m
picture 1 Diagram of how to use
墙壁
rad
ar
High 2.6-3m
radar
wall

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2 Product Features and Benefits
2.1 Features
 Plug and play, easy assembly
 The farthest sensing distance is up to 5 meters
 Large detection angle, coverage up to ±60 degrees
 Accurately identify within the interval, support the division of the sensing range, and shield the
interference outside the interval
 Multi-level intelligent parameter adjustment to meet the needs of scene changes
 Visual debugging and configuration tools
 Small and simplified, the minimum size is only 7mmx35mm
 Support ceiling, wall and other installation methods
 24GHz ISM band, compliant with FCC and CE spectrum regulations
 The ultimate cost-effective choice

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2.2 Solution advantage
LD2410 human body sensing module adopts 24GHz millimeter wave radar sensor
technology. Compared with other solutions, it has obvious advantages in human body sensing
applications:
1. In addition to being sensitive to moving human bodies, it can also sensitively sense static,
micro-moving, sitting and lying human bodies that cannot be identified by traditional
solutions;
2. It has good environmental adaptability, and the sensing effect is not affected by the
surrounding environment such as temperature, brightness, humidity and light fluctuations;
3. It has good shell penetration and can be hidden in the shell to work without opening
holes on the surface of the product, which improves the aesthetics of the product;
4. It can flexibly configure the farthest sensing distance and the sensitivity on each distance
door to achieve flexible and fine personalized configuration;
Infrared
solution
visual
solution
Ultrasound
Lidar
Millimeter
wave radar
Application flexibility
Resistance to environmental
influences (weather light, etc.)
Detection speed
Detection accuracy
Resolution
directionality
Detection distance
ability to penetrate material
size
cost
good generally weak
picture 2 Comparison of millimeter wave radar scheme and other schemes

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会议教育平板
3 Application scenarios
The LD2410 human body sensing module can detect and identify the human body in
motion, fretting, standing, sitting and lying down. It supports multi-level parameter adjustment
and can be widely used in various AIoT scenarios. The common types are as follows
Human body sensor light control
It senses whether there is someone in the space, and automatically controls lights, such
as lighting equipment in public places, various sensor lights, bulb lights, etc.
Human body induction wake-up of advertising screens and other devices
Automatically turn on when people come, and automatically sleep when no one comes
to save power, information delivery is more accurate and efficient
life safety protection
UV lamp work protection to prevent the UV lamp from being turned on when there are
people around and causing personal injury Automatic detection and alarming of dangerous
places to prevent people from entering specific high-risk spaces, such as high-risk places
where coal mine blasting personnel enter
Smart Appliances
When there is no one in the room for a long time, the TV, air conditioner and other
electrical appliances are automatically turned off, saving energy and safety
Smart Security
Detection and identification of people intruding, staying, etc. within the specified
range
电视屏类
显示器
广告屏
picture 3 Application scenarios

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4 Hardware
Description
4.1 Dimensions
图 4 Module physical map
picture 5 Module Dimensions
Module size: 7mmx35mm, 5 pin holes are reserved in the hardware (the factory default
is not equipped with pins), the pin hole diameter is 0.6mm, and the pin spacing is
1.27mm.
4.2 pin definition
picture 6 Module pin definition
diagram
surface 1 Pin Definition Table
pin
symbol
name
Function
1
OUT
target status output
Human presence detected: output
high level
No human presence: output low
2
UART_Tx
Serial Tx
Serial port Tx pin
3
UART_Rx
Serial Rx
Serial Rx pin
4
GND
power ground
power ground
5
VCC
power input
Power input 5V

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5 use and configuration
5.1 Typical Application Circuit
The LD2410 module directly outputs the detected target state through an IO pin (someone
is high, no one is low), and it can also output the detection result data through the serial port
according to the specified protocol. The serial port output data includes: Target status and
distance auxiliary information, etc., users can use it flexibly according to specific application
scenarios.
The power supply voltage of the module is 5V, and the power supply capacity of the
input power supply is required to be greater than 200mA. The module IO output level is
3.3V. The default baud rate of the serial port is 256000, 1 stop bit, and no parity bit.
5.2 The role of configuration parameters
The user can modify the configuration parameters of the module through the serial
port of the LD2410 to adapt to different application requirements, and the configuration
content will not be lost when the power is turned off. The configurable parameters include
the following:
farthest detection distance
Set the farthest detectable distance, only human targets that appear within this farthest
distance will be detected and output the result. Set in units of distance gates, and each
distance gate is 0.75m. Including the farthest door for motion detection and the farthest
door for static detection, the setting range is 1~8. For example, if the farthest door is set to
2, only if there is a human body within 1.5m will it effectively detect and output the result.
Sensitivity
Only when the detected target energy value (range 0~100) is greater than the
sensitivity value will it be determined that the target exists, otherwise it will be ignored.
The sensitivity value can be set from 0 to 100. The sensitivity of each range gate can
be independently set, so that the detection in different distance ranges can be
precisely adjusted, local accurate detection or filtering of interference sources in
specific areas. In addition, if the sensitivity of a certain distance gate is set to 100, the
effect of not recognizing the target under the distance gate can be achieved. For
example, if the sensitivity of distance gate 3 and distance gate 4 is set to 20, and the
sensitivity of other distance gates is set to 100, it can only detect the human body
within the range of 2.25-3.75m from the distance module.
no-one duration
When the radar outputs the result from man to no man, it will report man for a period
of time. If there is no man in the radar test range during this time period, the radar will
report no man; if the radar detects man during this time period, it will be refreshed again.

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This time, in seconds. It is equivalent to the no-one delay time. After the person leaves,
the output state will be no-one until no one exceeds this duration

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页
5.3 Visual configuration tool description
In order to facilitate the user to test and configure the module quickly and efficiently, a PC
configuration tool is provided. The user can use this tool software to connect the serial port of
the module, read and configure the parameters of the module, and receive the detection results
reported by the module. Data, and real-time visual display, which greatly facilitates the use of
users.
How to use the host computer tool:
1. Use the USB to serial port tool to connect the module serial port correctly;
2. Select the corresponding serial port number in the host computer tool, set the baud rate to 256000, select
the engineering mode, and click to connect the device;
3. After the connection is successful, click the Start button, the right graphical interface will display the test
results and data;
4. After connecting, if the start button is not clicked, or click stop after starting, the mode parameter
information can be read or set; Note: After clicking start, the parameters cannot be read and configured, and
can only be performed after stopping configuration.
The interface and common functions of the host computer tool are as follows:
The ball is the target state output indication: red means that there is a moving target,
and purple means that there is a stationary target;
Green means no one

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5.4 Mounting method and sensing range
雷达
米
Figure 7 Schematic diagram of
ceiling-mounted installation
(distance unit: meters, angle unit:
degrees)
Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the detection range (the ceiling height is 3 meters)
Height 2.6-3
meters
radar
ceiling
movement
stand
sit still

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height1.5~2m
5m
(distance unit: meters, angle unit:
degrees)
Figure 9 Schematic diagram of wall-mounted installation
Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the detection range (the height of the wall is 1.5 meters)
墙壁
雷达
wall
radar
move
stand
sit

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5.5 Installation conditions
Confirm the minimum installation clearance
If the radar needs to be installed with an enclosure, the enclosure must have good wave-
transmitting properties at 24GHz, and cannot contain metal materials or materials that can shield
electromagnetic waves.
Installation Environment Requirements
This product needs to be installed in a suitable environment. If it is used in the following
environments, the detection effect will be affected:
• There are non-human objects that are constantly moving in the sensing area, such as
animals, curtains that continuously swing, and large green plants facing the air outlet, etc.
• There is a large area of strong reflectors in the sensing area, and the strong reflectors will
cause interference to the radar antenna.
• When installing on a wall, external interference factors such as air conditioners and electric
fans at the top of the room need to be considered
Precautions during installation
• Try to ensure that the radar antenna is facing the area to be detected, and the surrounding area of the
antenna is open and unobstructed
• To ensure that the installation position of the sensor is firm and stable, the shaking of the radar itself will
affect the detection effect
• Make sure that there is no movement or vibration on the back of the radar. Due to the penetrating nature of
radar waves, the back lobe of the antenna signal may detect moving objects behind the radar. Metal shielding
cover or metal backplane can be used to shield the radar back lobe and reduce the influence of objects on the
back of the radar
• The theoretical distance accuracy of radar is the result obtained through special algorithm processing on the
basis of the physical resolution of 0.75 meters. Due to the difference of the target's body shape, state, RCS,
etc., the target distance accuracy will fluctuate; at the same time, the maximum distance will also be slightly
fluctuation

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6 Performance and Electrical Parameters
Working frequency
24GHz~ 24.25GHz
Compliant with FCC, CE, non-commission certification
standards
Power Requirements
DC 5V，Power supply capability>200mA
Average operating current
80 mA
Modulation
FMCW
interface
1 GPIO，IO level 3.3V
1 UART
target application
human presence sensor
Detection distance
0.75m～6m，adjustable
Detection angle
±60 °
Distance resolution
0.75m
Sweep Bandwidth
250MHz
Compliant with FCC, CE, non-commission certification
ambient temperature
-40 ~ 85℃
Dimensions
7mm x 35 mm
Table 2 Performance and electrical parameters table
Figure 11 Measured data of module working current

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7 Radome Design Guidelines
7.1 Effects of radomes on mmWave sensor performance
• Radar waves are reflected at the radome boundary
• Losses in total radar radiated or received power
• The reflected wave enters the receiving channel, affecting the isolation between the transmitting and receiving
channels
• Reflections may degrade the standing wave of the antenna, further affecting the antenna gain
• Radar waves will suffer loss when propagated in the medium. In theory, the higher the frequency, the greater
the loss will be
• Electromagnetic waves undergo a certain degree of refraction as they pass through a medium
• Affects the antenna's radiation pattern, which in turn affects the sensor's coverage
7.2 Radome Design Principles
7.3 Common materials
• Know the material and electrical
properties of the radome before
designing
• The table on the right is for reference
only, please confirm the actual value with
the supplier
• Height H from the antenna to the inner
surface of the radome
• When space permits, 1x or 1.5x
wavelength is preferred
• For example, 12.4 or 18.6mm is
recommended for 24.125GHz
• Error control: ±1.2mm
• Thickness D of the radome
• Recommended half wavelength, error
control ±20%
• If the thickness requirement at half
wavelength cannot be met
• Low er materials are recommended
• Thickness recommended 1/8
wavelength or thinner
chart 3Common material properties of radomes
• Influence of heterogeneous materials or multi-layer composite materials on radar performance,
it is recommended to make experimental adjustments during design

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8 revision history
date
version
Change content
2022-5-26
1.01
Test version
2022-6-8
1.02
Complete data
2022-6-29
1.03
update data