HP 64793 Series User manual

HP 64793
H8/338/329 Emulator
Softkey Interface
User’s Guide
HP Part No. 64793-97002
Printed in U.S.A.
October 1992
Edition 1

Notice Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to
this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties
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Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for
incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material.
Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of
its software on equipment that is not furnished by Hewlett-Packard.
Copyright 1992, Hewlett-Packard Company.
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Printing History New editions are complete revisions of the manual. The date on the
title page changes only when a new edition is published.
A software code may be printed before the date; this indicates the
version level of the software product at the time the manual was issued.
Many product updates and fixes do not require manual changes, and
manual corrections may be done without accompanying product
changes. Therefore, do not expect a one-to-one correspondence
between product updates and manual revisions.
Edition 1 64793-97002, October 1992

Using This Manual
This manual introduces you to the following emulators as used with the
Softkey Interface.
HP 64793A H8/338 emulator
HP 64793B H8/329 emulator
Throughout this documentation, the following names are used to
denote the microprocessors listed in the following table of supported
microprocessors.
Model Supported Microprocesorts Reffered to as
HP 64793A (H8/338 emulator) HD6473388CP
HD6433388CP
HD6413388CP
HD6473378CP
HD6433378CP
HD6413378CP
HD6433368CP
H8/338
H8/338
H8/338
H8/337
H8/337
H8/337
H8/336
HP 64793B (H8/329 emulator) HD6473298P
HD6473298C
HD6433298P
HD6413298P
HD6433288P
HD6473278P
HD6473278C
HD6433278P
HD6413278P
HD6433268P
H8/329
H8/329
H8/329
H8/329
H8/328
H8/327
H8/327
H8/327
H8/327
H8/326
For the most part, the H8/329 and H8/338 emulators all operate the
same way. Differences between the emulators are described where they
exist. Both the H8/329 and H8/338 emulators will be referred to as the
"H8/338 emulator". In the specific instances where H8/329 emulator

differs from H8/338 emulator, it will be described as the "H8/329
emulator".
This manual:
Shows you how to use emulation commands by executing
them on a sample program and describing their results.
Shows you how to use the emulator in-circuit (connected to a
target system).
Shows you how to configure the emulator for your
development needs. Topics include: restricting the emulator
to real-time execution, selecting a target system clock source.
This manual does not:
Show you how to use every Softkey Interface command and
option; the Softkey Interface is described in the Softkey
Interface Reference.

Organization
Chapter 1 Introduction. This chapter lists the H8/338 emulator features and
describes how they can help you in developing new hardware and
software.
Chapter 2 Getting Started. This chapter shows you how to use emulation
commands by executing them on a sample program. This chapter
describes the sample program and how to: load programs into the
emulator, map memory, display and modify memory, display registers,
step through programs, run programs, set software breakpoints, search
memory for data, and use the analyzer.
Chapter 3 In-Circuit Emulation. This chapter shows you how to plug the
emulator into a target system, and how to use the "in-circuit" emulation
features.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Emulator. You can configure the emulator to adapt
it to your specific development needs. This chapter describes the
options available when configuring the emulator and how to save and
restore particular configurations.
Chapter 5 Using the Emulator. This chapter describes emulation topics which
are not covered in the "Getting Started" chapter.

Conventions Example commands throughout the manual use the following
conventions:
bold Commands, options, and parts of command syntax.
bold italic Commands, options, and parts of command syntax
which may be entered by pressing softkeys.
normal User specified parts of a command.
$Represents the HP-UX prompt. Commands which
follow the "$" are entered at the HP-UX prompt.
<RETURN> The carriage return key.

Contents
1 Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Purpose of the H8/338 Emulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Features of the H8/338 Emulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Supported Microprocessors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Clock Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Emulation Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Register Display and Modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Single-Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Reset Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Real-Time Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Limitations, Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Foreground Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Monitor Break at Sleep/Standby Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Store Condition and Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Step Command and Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
RAM Enable Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Software Performance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
2 Getting Started
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
A Look at the Sample Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Sample Program Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Linking the Sample Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Generate HP Absolute file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Entering the Softkey Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
From the "pmon" User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
From the HP-UX Shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Using the Default Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
On-Line Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Contens - 1

Softkey Driven Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Pod Command Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Loading Absolute Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Displaying Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Global . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Displaying Memory in Mnemonic Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Displaying Memory with Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Running the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
From Transfer Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
From Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Displaying Memory Repetitively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Modifying Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Breaking into the Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Using Software Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Enabling/Disabling Software Breakpoints . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Setting a Software Breakpoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Clearing a Software Breakpoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Stepping Through the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Displaying Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Using the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
Specifying a Simple Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
Displaying the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Displaying Trace with Time Count Absolute . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
Changing the Trace Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
H8/338 Analysis Status Qualifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
Trace Analysis Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
How to Specify Trigger Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
Store Condition and Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
Triggering the Analyzer by Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
For a Complete Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
Exiting the Softkey Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
End Release System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
Ending to Continue Later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
Ending Locked from All Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
Selecting the Measurement System Display or
Another Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
3 Using the H8/338 Emulator In-Circuit
Installing the Target System Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Pin Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
2 - Contents

Pin Protector(H8/329 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Installing the Target System Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Pin State in Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Target System Interface (H8/338) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Target System Interface (H8/329) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
In-Circuit Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Running the Emulator from Target Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
4 Configuring the Emulator
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
General Emulator Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Micro-processor clock source? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Enter monitor after configuration? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Restrict to real-time runs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Memory Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Mapping memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Emulator Pod Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Processor type? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Processor operation mode? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Enable /NMI input from the target system? . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Enable /RES input from the target system? . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Reset value for stack pointer? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Debug/Trace Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Break processor on write to ROM? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Trace background or foreground operation? . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Simulated I/O Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Interactive Measurement Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
External Analyzer Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Saving a Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Loading a Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
5 Using the Emulator
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Features Available via Pod Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Using a Command File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Debugging C Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Displaying Memory with C Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Displaying Trace with C Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Stepping C Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Limitations, Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Foreground Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Contens - 3

Sleep and Software Stand-by Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Store Condition and Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Step Command and Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
RAM Enable Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Software Performance Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Storing Memory Contents to an Absolute File . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Coordinated Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Register Classes and Names (H8/338 Emulator) . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Register Classes and Names (H8/329 Emulator) . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Illustrations
Figure 1-1. HP 64793 Emulator for the H8/338 Processor . . . . . 1-2
Figure 2-1. Sample Program Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Figure 2-2. Linkage Editor Subcommoand File . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Figure 2-3. Softkey Interface Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Figure 3-1. Installing the Probe (H8/338 emulator) . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 3-2. Installing the Probe (H8/329 emulator) . . . . . . . . . 3-5
4 - Contents

1
Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator
Introduction The topics in this chapter include:
Purpose of the H8/338 emulator.
Features of the H8/338 emulator.
Purpose of the
H8/338 Emulator The H8/338 emulator is designed to replace the H8/338 microprocessor
in your target system so you can control operation of the
microprocessor in your application hardware (usually referred to as the
target system). The H8/338 emulator performs just like the H8/338
microprocessor, but is a device that allows you to control the H8/338
directly. These features allow you to easily debug software before any
hardware is available, and ease the task of integrating hardware and
software.
Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator 1-1

Figure 1-1. HP 64793 Emulator for the H8/338 Processor
1-2 Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator

Features of the
H8/338 Emulator
Supported
Microprocessors The HP 64793A H8/338 emulator and HP 64793B H8/329 emulators
support the microprocesors listed in the following table.
Model Supported Microprocessor
HP 64793A (H8/338 emulator) HD6473388CP (H8/338)
HD6433388CP (H8/338)
HD6413388CP (H8/338)
HD6473378CP (H8/337)
HD6433378CP (H8/337)
HD6413378CP (H8/337)
HD6433368CP (H8/336)
HP 64793B (H8/329 emulator) HD6473298P (H8/329)
HD6473298C (H8/329)
HD6433298P (H8/329)
HD6413298P (H8/329)
HD6433288P (H8/328)
HD6473278P (H8/327)
HD6473278C (H8/327)
HD6433278P (H8/327)
HD6413278P (H8/327)
HD6433268P (H8/326)
Each model provides with an emulation probe designed for its support
microprocessors. By replacing the emulation probe, the HP64793 can
support processors other than its original support processors. Contact
Hewlett-Packard to replace the emulation probe.
Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator 1-3

Clock Speeds Maximum clock speed is 10 MHz (system clock).
Emulation Memory The HP64793 H8/338 emulator is used with the following Emulation
Memory Card.
HP 64725A 128K byte Emulation Memory Card
The emulation memory can be configured into 128 byte blocks. A
maximum of 16 ranges can be configured as emulation RAM(eram),
emulation ROM(erom), target system RAM(tram), target system
ROM(trom), or guarded memory(grd). The H8/338 emulator will
attempt to break to the emulation monitor upon accessing guarded
memory, additionally, you cam configure the emulator to break to the
emulation monitor upon performing a write to ROM(which will stop a
runaway program).
Analysis The HP64793 H8/338 emulator is used with one of the following
analyzers which allows you to trace code execution and processor
activity.
HP 64703 64-channel Emulation Bus Analyzer and
16-channel State/Timing Analyzer
HP 64704 80-channel Emulation Bus Analyzer
HP 64706 48-channel Emulation Bus Analyzer
The Emulation Bus Analyzer monitors the emulation processor using
an internal analysis bus. The HP64703 64-channel Emulation Bus
Analyzer and 16-channel State/Timing Analyzer allows you to probe
up to 16 different lines in your target system.
Register Display and
Modification You can display or modify the H8/338 internal register contents. This
includes the ability to modify the program counter (PC) value so you
can control where the emulator begins executing a target system
program.
1-4 Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator

Single-Step You can direct the emulation processor to execute a single instruction
or a specified number of instructions.
Breakpoints You can set the emulator/analyzer interaction so the emulator will
break to the monitor program when the analyzer finds a specific state,
allowing you to perform post-mortem analysis of the program
execution.
You can also define software breakpoints in your program. The
emulator uses an H8/338 special code to provide software breakpoints;
This special code (5770 hexadecimal) is H8/338 undefined instruction.
When you define a software breakpoint, the emulator places the special
code at the specified address; after the special code causes emulator
execution to break out of the user program (into the monitor), the
emulator replaces the original opcode. See the "Using Software
Breakpoints" section of the "Getting Started" chapter for more
information.
Reset Support The emulator can be reset from the emulation system under your
control; or your target system can reset the emulation processor.
Real-Time Execution Real-time signifies continuous execution of your program at full rated
processor speed without interference from the emulator. (Such
interference occurs when the emulator temporarily breaks into the
monitor so that it can access register contents or target system
memory.) Emulator features performed in real time include: running
and analyzer tracing. Emulator features not performed in real time
include: display or modify target system memory; load/dump target
system memory; and display or modify registers,and single step.
Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator 1-5

Limitations,
Restrictions
Foreground Monitor Foreground Monitor is not supported for the H8/338 emulator.
Monitor Break at
Sleep/Standby Mode When the emulator breaks into the emulation monitor, sleep or
software standby mode is released.
Store Condition and
Trace Disassembling of program execution in the trace list may not be
accurate when the emulation analyzer is used with store condition.
Refer to chapter 2 of this manual for more information.
Step Command and
Interrupts Step execution cannot be performed in the following cases.
When the emulator is in the monitor and a suspended interrupt
is existed.
When the emulator is in the monitor and a level sensed
interrupt is existed (including interrupts from internal I/O
device).
Refer to Chapter 5 of this manual.
RAM Enable Bit The internal RAM of H8/338 processor can be enabled/disabled by
RAME (RAM enable bit). However, once you map the internal RAM
area to emulation RAM, the emulator still accesses emulation RAM
even if the internal RAM is disabled by RAME.
Software
Performance
Measurement
Program Activity Measurement using the Software Performance
Measurement Tool (SPMT) is valid only for H8/338 internal ROM
area. (that is, 0 hex through 3fff hex.) Outside this area, the result of
Program Activity Measurement is not reliable
1-6 Introduction to the H8/338 Emulator

2
Getting Started
Introduction This chapter will lead you through a basic, step by step tutorial
designed to familiarize you with the use of the H8/338 emulator with
the Softkey Interface.
This chapter will:
Tell you what must be done before you can use the emulator
as shown in the tutorial examples.
Describe the sample program used for this chapter’s example.
This chapter will show you how to:
Start up the Softkey Interface.
Load programs into emulation and target system memory.
Enter emulation commands to view execution of the sample
program.
Getting Started 2-1

Before You Begin
Prerequisites Before beginning the tutorial presented in this chapter, you must have
completed the following tasks:
1. Connected the emulator to your computer. The HP 64700
Series Installation/Service manual show you how to do this.
2. Installed the Softkey Interface software on your computer.
Refer to the HP 64700 Series Installation/Service manual for
instructions on installing software.
3. In addition, you should read and understand the concepts of
emulation presented in the Concepts of Emulation and
Analysis manual. The Installation/Service manual also covers
HP64700 system architecture. A brief understanding of these
concepts may help avoid questions later.
You should read the Softkey Interface Reference manual to
learn how to use the Softkey Interface in general. For the
most part, this manual contains information specific to the
H8/338 emulator.
A Look at the Sample
Program The sample program used in this chapter is listed in figure 2-1. The
program emulates a primitive command interpreter. The sample
program is shipped with the Softkey Interface and may be copied from
the following location.
/usr/hp64000/demo/emul/hp64793/cmd_rds.src
Data Declarations
The "Table" section defines the messages used by the program to
respond to various command inputs. These messages are labeled
Msg_A,Msg_B, and Msg_I.
2-2 Getting Started

.GLOBAL Init,Msgs,Cmd_Input
.GLOBAL Msg_Dest
.SECTION Table,DATA
Msgs
Msg_A .SDATA "THIS IS MESSAGE A"
Msg_B .SDATA "THIS IS MESSAGE B"
Msg_I .SDATA "INVALID COMMAND"
End_Msgs
.SECTION Prog,CODE
;****************************************************
;* Set up the Stack Pointer
;****************************************************
Init MOV.W #Stack,R7
;****************************************************
;* Clear previous command
;****************************************************
Clear MOV.B #H’00,R0L
MOV.B R0L,@Cmd_Input
;****************************************************
;* Read command input byte. If no command has been
;* entered, continue to scan for it.
;****************************************************
Scan MOV.B @Cmd_Input,R2L
CMP.B #H’00,R2L
BEQ Scan
;****************************************************
;* A command has been entered. Check if it is
;* command A, command B, or invalid command.
;****************************************************
Exe_Cmd CMP.B #H’41,R2L
BEQ Cmd_A
CMP.B #H’42,R2L
BEQ Cmd_B
BRA Cmd_I
;****************************************************
;* Command A is entered. R3L= the number of bytes
;* in message A. R4 = location of the message.
;* Jump to the routine which writes the message.
;****************************************************
Cmd_A MOV.B #Msg_B-Msg_A,R3L
MOV.W #Msg_A,R4
BRA Write_Msg
;****************************************************
;* Command B is entered.
;****************************************************
Cmd_B MOV.B #Msg_I-Msg_B,R3L
MOV.W #Msg_B,R4
BRA Write_Msg
;****************************************************
;* An invalid command is entered.
;****************************************************
Cmd_I MOV.B #End_Msgs-Msg_I,R3L
MOV.W #Msg_I,R4
Figure 2-1. Sample Program Listing
Getting Started 2-3