HP E4915A User manual

HP E4915A Crystal Impedance Meter
HP E4916A Crystal Impedance/LCR Meter
User’s Guide
SERIAL NUMBERS
This manual applies directly to instruments which have the serial
number prefix JP1KD, or firmware revision 2.Ox.
For additional important information about serial numbers, read
“Serial Number” in Appendix A.
WTM HEWLETT®
mUHM PACKARD
HP Part No. E4915-90031
Printed in JAPAN June 1997
Fourth Edition

©Copyright 1996,1997 Hewlett-Packard Japan, Ltd.

Manual Printing History
August 1996
January 1997
April 1997 ...
June 1997 ...
.. First Edition
Second Edition
. .Third Edition
Fourth Edition
iii

Safety Summary The following general safety precautions must be observed during all
phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to
comply with these precautions or with specific WARNINGS elsewhere
in this manual may impair the protection provided by the equipment.
In addition it violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and
intended use of the instrument.
The Hew lett -Packard Company assumes no liability for the customer's
failure to comply with these requirements.
Note HP E49I5A and HP E4916A comply with INSTALLATION CATEGORY
II and POLLUTION DEGREE 2 in IEC1010-1. HP E4915A and
HP E4916A are INDOOR USE product.
LEDs in this product are Class 1 in accordance with IEC825-1.
CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT
Ground The Instrument
To avoid electric shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet
must be connected to a safety earth ground by the supplied power
cable with earth blade.
DO NOT Operate In An Explosive Atmosphere
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gasses or
fumes. Operation of any electrical instrument in such an environment
constitutes a definite safety hazard.
Keep Away From Live Circuits
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component
replacement and internal adjustments must be made by qualified
maintenance personnel. Do not replace components with the power
cable connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may
exist even with the power cable removed. Tb avoid injuries, always
disconnect power and discharge circuits before touching them.
DO NOT Service Or Adjust Alone
Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person,
capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation, is present.
DO NOT Substitute Parts Or Modify Instrument
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not
install substitute parts or perform unauthorized modifications to the
instrument. Return the instrument to a Hewlett-Packard Sales and
Service Office for service and repair to ensure that safety features are
maintained.
IV

Dangerous Procedure Warnings
Warnings , such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous
procedures throughout this manual. Instructions contained in the
warnings must be followed.
Warning Dangerous voltages, capable of causing death, are present in this
^jfll instrument. Use extreme caution when handling, testing, and
adjusting this instrument.
v

Certification
wmm
Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its
published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory.
Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements
are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and
Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institution’s calibration
facility, or to the calibration facilities of other International Standards
Organization members.
Warranty
This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects
in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date
of shipment, except that in the case of certain components listed
in General Information of this manual, the warranty shall be for
the specified period. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard
Company will, at its option, either repair or replace products that
prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a
service facility designated by HP. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges
to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges to return the product to
Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and
taxes for products returned to HP from another country.
HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use
with an instrument will execute its programming instruction when
property installed on that instrument. HP does not warrant that
the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be
uninterrupted or error free.
Limitation Of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from
improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied
software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse,
operation outside the environmental specifications for the product, or
improper site preparation or maintenance.
No other warranty is expressed or implied. HP specifically disclaims
the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose.
Vi

Exclusive Remedies
Assistance
The remedies provided herein are buyer’s sole and exclusive
remedies. HP shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special,
incidental, or consequential damages, whether based on contract, tort,
or any other legal theory.
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance
agreements are available for Hewlett-Packard products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and
Service Office. Addresses are provided at the back of this manual.
vit

Typeface Conventions
Bold
Italics
Computer
(hardkeys )
SOFTKEYS
Boldface type is used when a term is defined.
For example: icons are symbols.
Italic type is used for emphasis and for titles
of manuals and other publications.
Italic type is also used for keyboard entries
when a name or a variable must be typed in
place of the words in italics. For example:
copy filename means to type the word copy,
to type a space, and then to type the name of
a file such as f ilel.
Computer font is used for on-screen prompts
and messages.
Labeled keys on the instrument front panel
are enclosed in Q.
Softkeys located to the right of the CRT are
enclosed in
viii

Safety Symbols
General definitions of safety symbols used on equipment or in manuals
are listed below.
A
i
o
I I
n
x
Warning
Caution
Note
Instruction manual symbol: the product is marked
with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to
refer to the instruction manual.
Alternating current.
Direct current.
On (Supply).
Off (Supply).
In position of push-button switch.
Out position of push-button switch.
Frame (or chassis) terminal. A connection to the
frame (chassis) of the equipment which normally
include all exposed metal structures.
0 T his Warning sign denotes a hazard. It calls
attention to a procedure, practice, condition or the
like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in injury or death to personnel.
This Caution sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention
to a procedure, practice, condition or the like, which,
if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result
in damage to or destruction of part or all of the
product.
Note denotes important information. It calls
attention to a procedure, practice, condition or the
like, which is essential to highlight.
IX

About This Manual This manual explains about the operation of HP E4915A Crystal
Impedance Meter and HP E4916A Crystal Impedance/LCR Meter. The
manual consists of the following sections:
Introduction This chapter explains the outline of HP E4915A and HP E4916A.
Front Panel,Rear Panel,and Display
This chapter explains the features of the front and rear panels of the
HP E4915A and HP E4916A.
Installation and Setup Guide
This chapter explains points to be checked when the distributed
package is opened and the method to setup HP E4915A and
HP E4916A. Please read this chapter before you set up HP E4915A
and HP E4916A.
Quick Start Guide This chapter illustrates basic operational procedures.
Applications This chapter shows step-by-step instructions to measure a crystal
resonator with a Pi-fixture and other devices.
x

Documentation Guide
Please refer to the following manuals for the operation of the
analyzer where necessarily.
HP E4915A and HP E4916A User’s Guide
This document explains the method to set up and basic operations of HP E4915A and
HP E4916A in simple steps.
HP E4915A and HP E4916A Operation Manual
This document describes all function accessed from the front panel keys and softkeys,
and a summary of all available HP-IB commands. It also provides information on options
and accessories available, specifications, and some topics about the meter’s features.
Service Manual (Option OBW only)
The Service Manual explains how to adjust, troubleshoot, and repair the instrument.
This manual is option OBW only.
xi

Contents
1. I ntroduction
Features of the HP E4915A/E4916A. M
2. F ront Panel, Rear Panel, and Display
Front Panel . 2-1
Display .. . 2-3
Character Display Area. 2-3
Current Settings ( ▼ )........ . 2-3
Comparator Output (Comparator Pass/Fail) LED ... 2-4
A Rear Panel .. 2-5
3. I nstallation and Set Up Guide
Incoming Inspection . 3-1
Power Requirements. 3-2
Power Cable .. 3-2
Ventilation Requirements. 3-5
Instruction for Cleaning. 3-5
Rack/Handle Installation. 3-6
Option 1CN Handle Kit ... .. 3-7
Installing the Handle. 3-7
Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit ............ . 3-8
Mounting the Rack. 3-8
y/f\ Connecting a Probe (HP E4916A Option 001 Only) . 3-8
4. Q uick Start Guide
Overview ... . . . .
Required Equipment.
Step 1: Preparing For Measurement.
Step 2 : Turning ON the Meter.
Line Input Receptacle.
/?\ Fuse ..
Steps Tb Turn On The Power ..
Step 3 : Setting Up the Meter ..
Step 4 : Performing OPEN/SHORT/LOAD Calibrations . .
OPEN/SHORT/LOAD Calibration..
Step 5 : Connecting DUT and Reading Measurement
Results...
If an Error Message Appears When DUT Is Connected
If "—" Appears When DUT Is Connected.
4-1
4-1
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-4
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-6
4-7
4-7
4-8
Contents!

5. Applications
Measuring Crystal Component Characteristics Using
Pi-Network Test Fixture. 5-1
Required Parts and Equipment. 5-1
Preparation. 5-1
Connecting Fixture. 5-1
Connecting Capacitive Load. 5-1
Specifying Measurement Parameters. 5-2
Calibration. 5-2
Equivalent Circuit Analysis. 5-2
Procedure. 5-2
Displaying Analysis Results. 5-3
Measurement with Capacitance Load (CL_a/CL_t
Parameters). 5-3
Specifying Actual Load Capacitance. 5-3
Specifying Target Capacitance .. 5-4
Measurement Procedure . 5-5
Measuring Resonant Frequency (F r ). 5-5
Measuring Resonant frequency With Capacitive Load
Connected (Fl). 5-6
CL Compensation Function. 5-6
Measuring Spurious Signals. 5-7
Procedure. 5-7
Specifying Spurious Signal Search Range ..... 5-7
Specifying Number of Spurious Signals and
Selecting Target Signal. 5-7
Displaying Fr and Cl Simultaneously .. 5-8
High Q Mode .................... 5-8
Procedure.... . 5-8
Delta Mode .. 5-8
Specifying Reference Cl. 5-8
Specifying Reference Frequency .......... 5-9
Displaying A. 5-9
Specifying Target Signal Level and Using ALC Function
(HP E4916A Only). 5-9
Specifying Signal Level .. 5-9
Specifying Nominal Cl .. 5-10
Setting ALC Function. 5-10
Analog Output. 5-10
Specifying Reference Frequency . ......... 5-10
Specifying Rate of Change in Output Voltage .... 5-10
Turning Analog Output ON/OFF .......... 5-11
Printing. 5-11
Printers .. 5-11
Equipment Required for Printing. 5-11
Connecting Printer. 5-11
Printing Procedure. 5-12
Changing Calibration Standard Values When Using
Pi-Network Test Fixture Other Than HP 41902A . 5-13
Drive Level Dependency Test (HP E4916A Only) .... 5-14
Procedure .. 5-14
Specifying Frequency. 5-14
Specifying Drive Level Sweep Settings. 5-14
Stopping Measurement In Case Of Faulty Search
During Sweep. 5-16

Limit Tests. 5-16
Primary and Secondary Parameters. 5-17
Tertiary Parameter. 5-17
Evaporation Monitoring Function (HP E4916A Only) . . 5-18
Measurement Using Filter (HP E4916A Only) ...... 5-19
Procedure. 5-19
Selecting Filter Mode. 5-19
Specifying Frequency. 5-20
Specifying Bandwidth. 5-20
Selecting Constant or Minimum Loss. 5-20
Displaying Measurement Results. 5-20
Limit Tests. 5-20
Primary and Secondary Parameters. 5-20
Ibrtiary Parameter. 5-20
Measuring LCR Using Impedance Probe (HP E4916A with
Options 001 and 010 Only). 5-22
Required Equipment. 5-22
Connection. 5-22
Selecting LCR Mode . 5-22
Selecting Measurement Circuit . 5-22
Selecting Measurement Parameters . 5-22
Measurement Frequency. 5-23
Averaging. 5-23
Voltage and Current Monitor .. 5-23
Calibrating Probe. 5-23
Measurement , .. 5-24
Measuring LCR Using Test Fixture Adapter (HP E4916A
with Options 001 and 010 Only) .. 5-25
Required Equipment. 5-25
Selecting Settings and Calibration .......... 5-25
Connecting HP 16099A Test Fixture Adapter ..... 5-25
Compensating for Fixture Loss .. 5-25
Load Compensation. 5-25
Displaying Measurement Parameters . .. 5-26
DC Bias Measurement .. 5-26
Connection. 5-27
Handler Interface (Built-in Comparator Function;
HP E4916A Only). 5-28
Specifying Comparator Function Settings ....... 5-29
Specifying Limits for Primary Parameter. 5-29
Specifying Limits for Secondary Parameter. 5-29
Specifying Limits for Tertiary Parameter (during DLD
Measurement Only). 5-30
Specifying Comparator Output Settings . 5-30
Turning Comparator Function ON/OFF. 5-30
A. Manual Changes
Introduction .. A-l
Manual Changes.. . A-l
Serial Number. A-2
B. Replacing the Fuse
Index
Contents-3

Figures
2-1. Front Panel of HP E4915A. 2-1
2-2. Front Panel of HP E4916A. 2-1
2-3. LCD Display. 2-3
2-4. HP E4915A/E4916A LED. 2-4
2-5. Rear Panel (HP E4915A) 2-5
2- 6. Rear Panel (HP E4916A) 2-5
3- 1. Power Cable Supplied. 3-4
3-2. Rack Mount Kits Installation . 3-7
3- 3. Connecting a Probe. 3-9
4- 1. Required Equipment. 4-2
4-2. Connection of Measurement Cables. 4-3
4-3. Line Input Receptacle and Fuse. 4-4
4-4. OPEN/SHORT/LOAD calibration. 4-6
4-5. Connecting DUT. 4-7
4- 6. Measurement Result Display. 4-7
5- 1. Equivalent Circuit Analysis .. 5-2
5-2. Connecting Printer and Converter . .. 5-12
5-3. Sweep Type .. 5-15
5-4. Example of DLD Measurement Result. 5-16
5-5. Drive Level Dependency Test . .. 5-17
5-6. Parameters That Can Be Obtained. 5-19
5-7. Connecting the Filter ................ 5-19
5-8. Connecting DC Bias Power Source. 5-27
5-9. Sequential and Tbleranee Modes. 5-28
A-l. Serial Number Plate .. A-2
B-l. Replacing the Fuse. B-l
Tables
1-1. Comparison Between HP E4915A and HP E4916A
Functions .. 1-1
3-1. HP E4915A/E4916A Contents. 3-2
3-2. Rack Mount Kits. 3-6
5-1. Calibration Standard Values for HP Pi-Network Test
Fixture . .. 5-13
A-l. Manual Changes by Serial Number. A-l
A-2. Manual Changes by ROM Version . A-l
Contents4

Introduction
This user’s guide describes basic operation procedures for the
HP E4915 A/E4916A; ranging from power-on and setup to Cl
measurement. This guide also shows how to access functions available
with the HP E4915A/E4916A. This guide is intended to serve as a
reference for beginning users of the HP E4915A Crystal Impedance
Meter or HP E4916A Crystal Impedance/LCR Meter.
Features of the HP E4915A/E4916A
The HP E4915A Crystal Impedance Meter and HP E49I6A Crystal
Impedance/LCR Meter employ the network analyzer method
(transmission w network method) to determine performance of crystal
resonators. With a built-in receiver similar to that of a network
analyzer and a wide measurement range between I to 180 MHz,
these meters can measure and display parameters that are generally
measured for crystal resonators; resonant frequency F r , crystal
impedance Cl, and equivalent cirucuit constant.
In addition to the basic measurement functions of the HP E4915A,
the HP E4916A can change the measurement signal level. It also
offers the drive level dependency testing as well as the evaporation
monitoring, LCR measurement, and analysis using filter. The
HP E4916A can also make measurements using the optional probe
001 .
The following list shows the difference between the HP E4915A and
HP E4916A.
Thble 1-1.
Comparison Between HP E4915A and HP E4916A
Functions
Function
HP E4915A HP E4916A
Measurement Signal 1 to 100 MHz
Output
—5 dBm -60 to + 18 dBm
100 to 180 MHz
—5 dBm -60 to + 16 dBm
Drive Level Dependency Hasting
No Yes
Evaporation Monitoring
No Yes
Measurement Using Filter (Insertion loss, -xdB
bandwidth.)
No Yes
LCR Measurement
No
Option 010
Impedance Probe
No
Option 001
Internal Comparator
Yes Yes
Introduction 1-1
1
.Introduction

Front Panel, Rear Panel, and Display
2.Front
Panel,
Rear
Panel,
and
Display
'

2. LINE Switch - Turns HP E4915A/E4916A ON/OFF
3. SOURCE port (HP E4915A only) - Outputs test signal. This
terminal will be connected to a test fixture. (HP E4916A provides
this port on the rear panel.)
INSTALLATION CATEGORY I
4 p 0rt (jjp E4915A only) - Inputs test signal. This terminal
will be connected to a test fixture. (HP E4916A provides this port
on the rear panel.)
5. Comparator Pass/Eail LED - Shows limit test results
(Pass = Acceptable, Fail=Not Acceptable) using the comparator
function.
6. (thD key - Trigger Key
7. Setting Key block - The keys in this block are used to specify
functions available with the HP E4915A/E4916A.
8. Unit key - The keys in this block are use to set the unit of each
measurement parameter.
9. Entry key block - The keys in this block is used to input
numerical data.
10. Arrow keys - Pressing (#'=») displays measurement items
(softkeys) on the previous page. Pressing ('£""•$") displays those on
the next page. You can also use these keys to move to the desired
choice when there are 2 or more choices available.
11. Select keys - Two (2) select keys are provided. Pressing the
upper select key selects the measurement parameter shown in
the upper section of the LCD. Pressing the lower key select the
parameter in the lower section.
2-2 Front Panel, Rear Panel, and Display