HP E4915A User manual
HP
E4915A
Crystal
Impedance
Meter
HP
E4916A
Crystal
Impedance/LCR
Meter
User’s
Guide
SERIAL
NUMBERS
This
manual
applies
directly
to
instruments
which
have
the
serial
number
prefix
JP1KD,
or
firmware
revision
2.Ox.
For
additional
important
information
about
serial
numbers,
read
“Serial
Number”
in
Appendix
A.
WTM
HEWLETT®
mUHM
PACKARD
HP
Part
No.
E4915-90031
Printed
in
JAPAN
June
1997
Fourth
Edition
©Copyright
1996,1997
Hewlett-Packard
Japan,
Ltd.
Manual
Printing
History
August
1996
January
1997
April
1997
...
June
1997
...
..
First
Edition
Second
Edition
.
.Third
Edition
Fourth
Edition
iii
Safety
Summary
The
following
general
safety
precautions
must
be
observed
during
all
phases
of
operation,
service,
and
repair
of
this
instrument.
Failure
to
comply
with
these
precautions
or
with
specific
WARNINGS
elsewhere
in
this
manual
may
impair
the
protection
provided
by
the
equipment.
In
addition
it
violates
safety
standards
of
design,
manufacture,
and
intended
use
of
the
instrument.
The
Hew
lett
-Packard
Company
assumes
no
liability
for
the
customer's
failure
to
comply
with
these
requirements.
Note
HP
E49I5A
and
HP
E4916A
comply
with
INSTALLATION
CATEGORY
II
and
POLLUTION
DEGREE
2
in
IEC1010-1.
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A
are
INDOOR
USE
product.
LEDs
in
this
product
are
Class
1
in
accordance
with
IEC825-1.
CLASS
1
LED
PRODUCT
Ground
The
Instrument
To
avoid
electric
shock
hazard,
the
instrument
chassis
and
cabinet
must
be
connected
to
a
safety
earth
ground
by
the
supplied
power
cable
with
earth
blade.
DO
NOT
Operate
In
An
Explosive
Atmosphere
Do
not
operate
the
instrument
in
the
presence
of
flammable
gasses
or
fumes.
Operation
of
any
electrical
instrument
in
such
an
environment
constitutes
a
definite
safety
hazard.
Keep
Away
From
Live
Circuits
Operating
personnel
must
not
remove
instrument
covers.
Component
replacement
and
internal
adjustments
must
be
made
by
qualified
maintenance
personnel.
Do
not
replace
components
with
the
power
cable
connected.
Under
certain
conditions,
dangerous
voltages
may
exist
even
with
the
power
cable
removed.
Tb
avoid
injuries,
always
disconnect
power
and
discharge
circuits
before
touching
them.
DO
NOT
Service
Or
Adjust
Alone
Do
not
attempt
internal
service
or
adjustment
unless
another
person,
capable
of
rendering
first
aid
and
resuscitation,
is
present.
DO
NOT
Substitute
Parts
Or
Modify
Instrument
Because
of
the
danger
of
introducing
additional
hazards,
do
not
install
substitute
parts
or
perform
unauthorized
modifications
to
the
instrument.
Return
the
instrument
to
a
Hewlett-Packard
Sales
and
Service
Office
for
service
and
repair
to
ensure
that
safety
features
are
maintained.
IV
Dangerous
Procedure
Warnings
Warnings
,
such
as
the
example
below,
precede
potentially
dangerous
procedures
throughout
this
manual.
Instructions
contained
in
the
warnings
must
be
followed.
Warning
Dangerous
voltages,
capable
of
causing
death,
are
present
in
this
^jfll
instrument.
Use
extreme
caution
when
handling,
testing,
and
adjusting
this
instrument.
v
Certification
wmm
Hewlett-Packard
Company
certifies
that
this
product
met
its
published
specifications
at
the
time
of
shipment
from
the
factory.
Hewlett-Packard
further
certifies
that
its
calibration
measurements
are
traceable
to
the
United
States
National
Institute
of
Standards
and
Technology,
to
the
extent
allowed
by
the
Institution’s
calibration
facility,
or
to
the
calibration
facilities
of
other
International
Standards
Organization
members.
Warranty
This
Hewlett-Packard
instrument
product
is
warranted
against
defects
in
material
and
workmanship
for
a
period
of
one
year
from
the
date
of
shipment,
except
that
in
the
case
of
certain
components
listed
in
General
Information
of
this
manual,
the
warranty
shall
be
for
the
specified
period.
During
the
warranty
period,
Hewlett-Packard
Company
will,
at
its
option,
either
repair
or
replace
products
that
prove
to
be
defective.
For
warranty
service
or
repair,
this
product
must
be
returned
to
a
service
facility
designated
by
HP.
Buyer
shall
prepay
shipping
charges
to
HP
and
HP
shall
pay
shipping
charges
to
return
the
product
to
Buyer.
However,
Buyer
shall
pay
all
shipping
charges,
duties,
and
taxes
for
products
returned
to
HP
from
another
country.
HP
warrants
that
its
software
and
firmware
designated
by
HP
for
use
with
an
instrument
will
execute
its
programming
instruction
when
property
installed
on
that
instrument.
HP
does
not
warrant
that
the
operation
of
the
instrument,
or
software,
or
firmware
will
be
uninterrupted
or
error
free.
Limitation
Of
Warranty
The
foregoing
warranty
shall
not
apply
to
defects
resulting
from
improper
or
inadequate
maintenance
by
Buyer,
Buyer-supplied
software
or
interfacing,
unauthorized
modification
or
misuse,
operation
outside
the
environmental
specifications
for
the
product,
or
improper
site
preparation
or
maintenance.
No
other
warranty
is
expressed
or
implied.
HP
specifically
disclaims
the
implied
warranties
of
merchantability
and
fitness
for
a
particular
purpose.
Vi
Exclusive
Remedies
Assistance
The
remedies
provided
herein
are
buyer’s
sole
and
exclusive
remedies.
HP
shall
not
be
liable
for
any
direct,
indirect,
special,
incidental,
or
consequential
damages,
whether
based
on
contract,
tort,
or
any
other
legal
theory.
Product
maintenance
agreements
and
other
customer
assistance
agreements
are
available
for
Hewlett-Packard
products.
For
any
assistance,
contact
your
nearest
Hewlett-Packard
Sales
and
Service
Office.
Addresses
are
provided
at
the
back
of
this
manual.
vit
Typeface
Conventions
Bold
Italics
Computer
(hardkeys
)
SOFTKEYS
Boldface
type
is
used
when
a
term
is
defined.
For
example:
icons
are
symbols.
Italic
type
is
used
for
emphasis
and
for
titles
of
manuals
and
other
publications.
Italic
type
is
also
used
for
keyboard
entries
when
a
name
or
a
variable
must
be
typed
in
place
of
the
words
in
italics.
For
example:
copy
filename
means
to
type
the
word
copy,
to
type
a
space,
and
then
to
type
the
name
of
a
file
such
as
f
ilel.
Computer
font
is
used
for
on-screen
prompts
and
messages.
Labeled
keys
on
the
instrument
front
panel
are
enclosed
in
Q.
Softkeys
located
to
the
right
of
the
CRT
are
enclosed
in
viii
Safety
Symbols
General
definitions
of
safety
symbols
used
on
equipment
or
in
manuals
are
listed
below.
A
i
o
I
I
n
x
Warning
Caution
Note
Instruction
manual
symbol:
the
product
is
marked
with
this
symbol
when
it
is
necessary
for
the
user
to
refer
to
the
instruction
manual.
Alternating
current.
Direct
current.
On
(Supply).
Off
(Supply).
In
position
of
push-button
switch.
Out
position
of
push-button
switch.
Frame
(or
chassis)
terminal.
A
connection
to
the
frame
(chassis)
of
the
equipment
which
normally
include
all
exposed
metal
structures.
0
T
his
Warning
sign
denotes
a
hazard.
It
calls
attention
to
a
procedure,
practice,
condition
or
the
like,
which,
if
not
correctly
performed
or
adhered
to,
could
result
in
injury
or
death
to
personnel.
This
Caution
sign
denotes
a
hazard.
It
calls
attention
to
a
procedure,
practice,
condition
or
the
like,
which,
if
not
correctly
performed
or
adhered
to,
could
result
in
damage
to
or
destruction
of
part
or
all
of
the
product.
Note
denotes
important
information.
It
calls
attention
to
a
procedure,
practice,
condition
or
the
like,
which
is
essential
to
highlight.
IX
About
This
Manual
This
manual
explains
about
the
operation
of
HP
E4915A
Crystal
Impedance
Meter
and
HP
E4916A
Crystal
Impedance/LCR
Meter.
The
manual
consists
of
the
following
sections:
Introduction
This
chapter
explains
the
outline
of
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A.
Front
Panel,Rear
Panel,and
Display
This
chapter
explains
the
features
of
the
front
and
rear
panels
of
the
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A.
Installation
and
Setup
Guide
This
chapter
explains
points
to
be
checked
when
the
distributed
package
is
opened
and
the
method
to
setup
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A.
Please
read
this
chapter
before
you
set
up
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A.
Quick
Start
Guide
This
chapter
illustrates
basic
operational
procedures.
Applications
This
chapter
shows
step-by-step
instructions
to
measure
a
crystal
resonator
with
a
Pi-fixture
and
other
devices.
x
Documentation
Guide
Please
refer
to
the
following
manuals
for
the
operation
of
the
analyzer
where
necessarily.
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A
User’s
Guide
This
document
explains
the
method
to
set
up
and
basic
operations
of
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A
in
simple
steps.
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A
Operation
Manual
This
document
describes
all
function
accessed
from
the
front
panel
keys
and
softkeys,
and
a
summary
of
all
available
HP-IB
commands.
It
also
provides
information
on
options
and
accessories
available,
specifications,
and
some
topics
about
the
meter’s
features.
Service
Manual
(Option
OBW
only)
The
Service
Manual
explains
how
to
adjust,
troubleshoot,
and
repair
the
instrument.
This
manual
is
option
OBW
only.
xi
Contents
1.
I
ntroduction
Features
of
the
HP
E4915A/E4916A.
M
2.
F
ront
Panel,
Rear
Panel,
and
Display
Front
Panel
.
2-1
Display
..
.
2-3
Character
Display
Area.
2-3
Current
Settings
(
▼
)........
.
2-3
Comparator
Output
(Comparator
Pass/Fail)
LED
...
2-4
A
Rear
Panel
..
2-5
3.
I
nstallation
and
Set
Up
Guide
Incoming
Inspection
.
3-1
Power
Requirements.
3-2
Power
Cable
..
3-2
Ventilation
Requirements.
3-5
Instruction
for
Cleaning.
3-5
Rack/Handle
Installation.
3-6
Option
1CN
Handle
Kit
...
..
3-7
Installing
the
Handle.
3-7
Option
1CM
Rack
Mount
Kit
............
.
3-8
Mounting
the
Rack.
3-8
y/f\
Connecting
a
Probe
(HP
E4916A
Option
001
Only)
.
3-8
4.
Q
uick
Start
Guide
Overview
...
.
.
.
.
Required
Equipment.
Step
1:
Preparing
For
Measurement.
Step
2
:
Turning
ON
the
Meter.
Line
Input
Receptacle.
/?\
Fuse
..
Steps
Tb
Turn
On
The
Power
..
Step
3
:
Setting
Up
the
Meter
..
Step
4
:
Performing
OPEN/SHORT/LOAD
Calibrations
.
.
OPEN/SHORT/LOAD
Calibration..
Step
5
:
Connecting
DUT
and
Reading
Measurement
Results...
If
an
Error
Message
Appears
When
DUT
Is
Connected
If
"—"
Appears
When
DUT
Is
Connected.
4-1
4-1
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-4
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-6
4-7
4-7
4-8
Contents!
5.
Applications
Measuring
Crystal
Component
Characteristics
Using
Pi-Network
Test
Fixture.
5-1
Required
Parts
and
Equipment.
5-1
Preparation.
5-1
Connecting
Fixture.
5-1
Connecting
Capacitive
Load.
5-1
Specifying
Measurement
Parameters.
5-2
Calibration.
5-2
Equivalent
Circuit
Analysis.
5-2
Procedure.
5-2
Displaying
Analysis
Results.
5-3
Measurement
with
Capacitance
Load
(CL_a/CL_t
Parameters).
5-3
Specifying
Actual
Load
Capacitance.
5-3
Specifying
Target
Capacitance
..
5-4
Measurement
Procedure
.
5-5
Measuring
Resonant
Frequency
(F
r
).
5-5
Measuring
Resonant
frequency
With
Capacitive
Load
Connected
(Fl).
5-6
CL
Compensation
Function.
5-6
Measuring
Spurious
Signals.
5-7
Procedure.
5-7
Specifying
Spurious
Signal
Search
Range
.....
5-7
Specifying
Number
of
Spurious
Signals
and
Selecting
Target
Signal.
5-7
Displaying
Fr
and
Cl
Simultaneously
..
5-8
High
Q
Mode
....................
5-8
Procedure....
.
5-8
Delta
Mode
..
5-8
Specifying
Reference
Cl.
5-8
Specifying
Reference
Frequency
..........
5-9
Displaying
A.
5-9
Specifying
Target
Signal
Level
and
Using
ALC
Function
(HP
E4916A
Only).
5-9
Specifying
Signal
Level
..
5-9
Specifying
Nominal
Cl
..
5-10
Setting
ALC
Function.
5-10
Analog
Output.
5-10
Specifying
Reference
Frequency
.
.........
5-10
Specifying
Rate
of
Change
in
Output
Voltage
....
5-10
Turning
Analog
Output
ON/OFF
..........
5-11
Printing.
5-11
Printers
..
5-11
Equipment
Required
for
Printing.
5-11
Connecting
Printer.
5-11
Printing
Procedure.
5-12
Changing
Calibration
Standard
Values
When
Using
Pi-Network
Test
Fixture
Other
Than
HP
41902A
.
5-13
Drive
Level
Dependency
Test
(HP
E4916A
Only)
....
5-14
Procedure
..
5-14
Specifying
Frequency.
5-14
Specifying
Drive
Level
Sweep
Settings.
5-14
Stopping
Measurement
In
Case
Of
Faulty
Search
During
Sweep.
5-16
Limit
Tests.
5-16
Primary
and
Secondary
Parameters.
5-17
Tertiary
Parameter.
5-17
Evaporation
Monitoring
Function
(HP
E4916A
Only)
.
.
5-18
Measurement
Using
Filter
(HP
E4916A
Only)
......
5-19
Procedure.
5-19
Selecting
Filter
Mode.
5-19
Specifying
Frequency.
5-20
Specifying
Bandwidth.
5-20
Selecting
Constant
or
Minimum
Loss.
5-20
Displaying
Measurement
Results.
5-20
Limit
Tests.
5-20
Primary
and
Secondary
Parameters.
5-20
Ibrtiary
Parameter.
5-20
Measuring
LCR
Using
Impedance
Probe
(HP
E4916A
with
Options
001
and
010
Only).
5-22
Required
Equipment.
5-22
Connection.
5-22
Selecting
LCR
Mode
.
5-22
Selecting
Measurement
Circuit
.
5-22
Selecting
Measurement
Parameters
.
5-22
Measurement
Frequency.
5-23
Averaging.
5-23
Voltage
and
Current
Monitor
..
5-23
Calibrating
Probe.
5-23
Measurement
,
..
5-24
Measuring
LCR
Using
Test
Fixture
Adapter
(HP
E4916A
with
Options
001
and
010
Only)
..
5-25
Required
Equipment.
5-25
Selecting
Settings
and
Calibration
..........
5-25
Connecting
HP
16099A
Test
Fixture
Adapter
.....
5-25
Compensating
for
Fixture
Loss
..
5-25
Load
Compensation.
5-25
Displaying
Measurement
Parameters
.
..
5-26
DC
Bias
Measurement
..
5-26
Connection.
5-27
Handler
Interface
(Built-in
Comparator
Function;
HP
E4916A
Only).
5-28
Specifying
Comparator
Function
Settings
.......
5-29
Specifying
Limits
for
Primary
Parameter.
5-29
Specifying
Limits
for
Secondary
Parameter.
5-29
Specifying
Limits
for
Tertiary
Parameter
(during
DLD
Measurement
Only).
5-30
Specifying
Comparator
Output
Settings
.
5-30
Turning
Comparator
Function
ON/OFF.
5-30
A.
Manual
Changes
Introduction
..
A-l
Manual
Changes..
.
A-l
Serial
Number.
A-2
B.
Replacing
the
Fuse
Index
Contents-3
Figures
2-1.
Front
Panel
of
HP
E4915A.
2-1
2-2.
Front
Panel
of
HP
E4916A.
2-1
2-3.
LCD
Display.
2-3
2-4.
HP
E4915A/E4916A
LED.
2-4
2-5.
Rear
Panel
(HP
E4915A)
2-5
2-
6.
Rear
Panel
(HP
E4916A)
2-5
3-
1.
Power
Cable
Supplied.
3-4
3-2.
Rack
Mount
Kits
Installation
.
3-7
3-
3.
Connecting
a
Probe.
3-9
4-
1.
Required
Equipment.
4-2
4-2.
Connection
of
Measurement
Cables.
4-3
4-3.
Line
Input
Receptacle
and
Fuse.
4-4
4-4.
OPEN/SHORT/LOAD
calibration.
4-6
4-5.
Connecting
DUT.
4-7
4-
6.
Measurement
Result
Display.
4-7
5-
1.
Equivalent
Circuit
Analysis
..
5-2
5-2.
Connecting
Printer
and
Converter
.
..
5-12
5-3.
Sweep
Type
..
5-15
5-4.
Example
of
DLD
Measurement
Result.
5-16
5-5.
Drive
Level
Dependency
Test
.
..
5-17
5-6.
Parameters
That
Can
Be
Obtained.
5-19
5-7.
Connecting
the
Filter
................
5-19
5-8.
Connecting
DC
Bias
Power
Source.
5-27
5-9.
Sequential
and
Tbleranee
Modes.
5-28
A-l.
Serial
Number
Plate
..
A-2
B-l.
Replacing
the
Fuse.
B-l
Tables
1-1.
Comparison
Between
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A
Functions
..
1-1
3-1.
HP
E4915A/E4916A
Contents.
3-2
3-2.
Rack
Mount
Kits.
3-6
5-1.
Calibration
Standard
Values
for
HP
Pi-Network
Test
Fixture
.
..
5-13
A-l.
Manual
Changes
by
Serial
Number.
A-l
A-2.
Manual
Changes
by
ROM
Version
.
A-l
Contents4
Introduction
This
user’s
guide
describes
basic
operation
procedures
for
the
HP
E4915
A/E4916A;
ranging
from
power-on
and
setup
to
Cl
measurement.
This
guide
also
shows
how
to
access
functions
available
with
the
HP
E4915A/E4916A.
This
guide
is
intended
to
serve
as
a
reference
for
beginning
users
of
the
HP
E4915A
Crystal
Impedance
Meter
or
HP
E4916A
Crystal
Impedance/LCR
Meter.
Features
of
the
HP
E4915A/E4916A
The
HP
E4915A
Crystal
Impedance
Meter
and
HP
E49I6A
Crystal
Impedance/LCR
Meter
employ
the
network
analyzer
method
(transmission
w
network
method)
to
determine
performance
of
crystal
resonators.
With
a
built-in
receiver
similar
to
that
of
a
network
analyzer
and
a
wide
measurement
range
between
I
to
180
MHz,
these
meters
can
measure
and
display
parameters
that
are
generally
measured
for
crystal
resonators;
resonant
frequency
F
r
,
crystal
impedance
Cl,
and
equivalent
cirucuit
constant.
In
addition
to
the
basic
measurement
functions
of
the
HP
E4915A,
the
HP
E4916A
can
change
the
measurement
signal
level.
It
also
offers
the
drive
level
dependency
testing
as
well
as
the
evaporation
monitoring,
LCR
measurement,
and
analysis
using
filter.
The
HP
E4916A
can
also
make
measurements
using
the
optional
probe
001
.
The
following
list
shows
the
difference
between
the
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A.
Thble
1-1.
Comparison
Between
HP
E4915A
and
HP
E4916A
Functions
Function
HP
E4915A
HP
E4916A
Measurement
Signal
1
to
100
MHz
Output
—5
dBm
-60
to
+
18
dBm
100
to
180
MHz
—5
dBm
-60
to
+
16
dBm
Drive
Level
Dependency
Hasting
No
Yes
Evaporation
Monitoring
No
Yes
Measurement
Using
Filter
(Insertion
loss,
-xdB
bandwidth.)
No
Yes
LCR
Measurement
No
Option
010
Impedance
Probe
No
Option
001
Internal
Comparator
Yes
Yes
Introduction
1-1
1
.Introduction
Front
Panel,
Rear
Panel,
and
Display
2.Front
Panel,
Rear
Panel,
and
Display
'
2.
LINE
Switch
-
Turns
HP
E4915A/E4916A
ON/OFF
3.
SOURCE
port
(HP
E4915A
only)
-
Outputs
test
signal.
This
terminal
will
be
connected
to
a
test
fixture.
(HP
E4916A
provides
this
port
on
the
rear
panel.)
INSTALLATION
CATEGORY
I
4
p
0rt
(jjp
E4915A
only)
-
Inputs
test
signal.
This
terminal
will
be
connected
to
a
test
fixture.
(HP
E4916A
provides
this
port
on
the
rear
panel.)
5.
Comparator
Pass/Eail
LED
-
Shows
limit
test
results
(Pass
=
Acceptable,
Fail=Not
Acceptable)
using
the
comparator
function.
6.
(thD
key
-
Trigger
Key
7.
Setting
Key
block
-
The
keys
in
this
block
are
used
to
specify
functions
available
with
the
HP
E4915A/E4916A.
8.
Unit
key
-
The
keys
in
this
block
are
use
to
set
the
unit
of
each
measurement
parameter.
9.
Entry
key
block
-
The
keys
in
this
block
is
used
to
input
numerical
data.
10.
Arrow
keys
-
Pressing
(#'=»)
displays
measurement
items
(softkeys)
on
the
previous
page.
Pressing
('£""•$")
displays
those
on
the
next
page.
You
can
also
use
these
keys
to
move
to
the
desired
choice
when
there
are
2
or
more
choices
available.
11.
Select
keys
-
Two
(2)
select
keys
are
provided.
Pressing
the
upper
select
key
selects
the
measurement
parameter
shown
in
the
upper
section
of
the
LCD.
Pressing
the
lower
key
select
the
parameter
in
the
lower
section.
2-2
Front
Panel,
Rear
Panel,
and
Display
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