HP E3630A User manual

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1-2
SAFETY SUMMARY
The followin
g
g
eneral safet
y
precautions must be observed durin
g
all phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument.
Failure to compl
y
with these precautions or with specific warnin
g
s elsewhere in this manual violates safet
y
standards of desi
g
n,
manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Hewlett-Packard Compan
y
assumes no liabilit
y
for the customer's failure to
compl
y
with these requirements.
BEFORE APPLYING POWER.
Verif
y
that the product is set to match the available line volt-
a
g
e and that the correct fuse is installed.
GROUND THE INSTRUMENT.
This product is a Safet
y
Class I instrument (provided with a
protective earth terminal). To minimize shock hazard, the
instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an
electrical
g
round. The instrument must be connected to the
ac power suppl
y
mains throu
g
h a three-conductor power
cable, with the third wire firml
y
connected to an electrical
g
round(safet
y
g
round) at the power outlet. An
y
interruption of
the protective(
g
roundin
g
) conductor or disconnection of the
protective earth terminal will cause a potential shock hazard
that could result in personal injur
y
. If the instrument is to be
ener
g
ized via an external autotransformer for volta
g
e reduc-
tion, be certain that the autotransformer common terminal is
connected to the neutral(earthed pole) of the ac power lines
(suppl
y
mains).
DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE.
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable
g
ases or fumes.
KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS.
Operatin
g
personnel must not remove instrument covers.
Component replacement and internal adjustments must be
made b
y
qualified service personnel. Do not replace compo-
nents with power cable connected. Under certain conditions,
dan
g
erous volta
g
es ma
y
exist even with the power cable
removed. To avoid injuries, alwa
y
s disconnect power, dis-
char
g
e circuits and remove external volta
g
e sources before
touchin
g
components.
DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE.
Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another
person, capable of renderin
g
first aid and resuscitation, is
present.
SAFETY SYMBOLS
Instruction manual s
y
mbol; the product
will be marked with this s
y
mbol when it is
necessar
y
for the user to refer to the
instruction manual.
Indicate earth(
g
round) terminal.
The WARNING si
g
n denotes a hazard. It
calls attention to a procedure, practice,
or the like, which, if not correctl
y
per-
formed or adhered to, could result inper-
sonal injur
y
. Do not proceed be
y
ond a
WARNING si
g
n until the indicated con-
ditions are full
y
understood and met.
The CAUTION si
g
n denotes a hazard. It
calls attention to an operatin
g
procedure,
or the like, which, if not correctl
y
per-
formed or adhered to, could result in
dama
g
e to or destruction of part or all of
the product. Do not proceed be
y
ond
CAUTION si
g
n until the indicated condi-
tions are full
y
understood and met.
The NOTE si
g
n denotes important infor-
mation. It calls attention to a procedure,
practice, condition or the like, which is
essential to hi
g
hli
g
ht.
DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY INSTRUMENT.
Because of the dan
g
er of introducin
g
additional hazards, do
not install substitute parts or perform an
y
unauthorized modi-
fication to the instrument. Return the instrument to a Hewlett-
Packard Sales and Service Office for service and repair to
ensure that safet
y
features are maintained.
Instruments that appear dama
g
ed or defective should be made inoperative and secured a
g
ainst unintended
operation until the
y
can be repaired b
y
qualified service personnel.
!
or

1-3
Table of Contents
SAFETY SUMMARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
GENERAL INFORMATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
SAFETY AND EMC REQUIREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
INSTRUMENT AND MANUAL IDENTIFICATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
ACCESSORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
LINE FUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
INSTALLATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
INITIAL INSPECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Mechanical Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Electrical Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
INSTALLATION DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Location and Coolin
g
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Outline Dia
g
ram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Rack Mountin
g
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
INPUT POWER REQUIREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Power Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
TURN -ON CHECKOUT PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Trackin
g
Ratio Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Overload Protection Circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Operation Be
y
ond Rated Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Connectin
g
Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Parallel Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Series Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
LOAD CONSIDERATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
PULSE LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
REVERSE CURRENT LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
OUTPUT CAPACITANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
REVERSE VOLTAGE PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

1-4
GENERAL INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION
This section contains
g
eneral information concernin
g
the
E3630A triple output power suppl
y
. Included are safet
y
con-
siderations, safet
y
and EMC requirements, instrument and
manual identification, option and accessor
y
information,
instrument description, and specifications.
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
This product is a Safet
y
Class I instrument, which means that
it is provided with a protective earth
g
round terminal. This ter-
minal must be connected to an ac source that has a 3-wire
g
round receptacle. Review the instrument rear panel and this
manual for safet
y
markin
g
s and instructions before operatin
g
the instrument. Refer to the Safet
y
Summar
y
pa
g
e at the
be
g
innin
g
of this manual for a summar
y
of
g
eneral safet
y
information. Specific safet
y
information is located at the
appropriate places in this manual.
SAFETY AND EMC REQUIREMENTS
This power suppl
y
is desi
g
ned to compl
y
with the followin
g
safet
y
and EMC(Electroma
g
netic Compatibilit
y
) require-
ments:
IEC 1010-1(1990)/EN 61010 (1993): Safet
y
Require-
ments for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control,
and Laborator
y
Use
CSA C22.2 No.231: Safet
y
Requirements for Electrical
and Electronic Measurin
g
and Test Equipment
UL 1244: Electrical and Electronic Measurin
g
and Testin
g
Equipment
EMC Directive 89/336/EEC: Council Directive entitled
Approximation of the Laws of the Member States relatin
g
to Electroma
g
netic Compatibilit
y
EN 55011(1991) Group 1, Class B/CISPR 11 (1990): Lim-
its and Methods of Radio Interference Characteristics of
Industrial, Scientific, and Medical(ISM) Radio - Fre-
quenc
y
Equipment
EN 50082-1(1992) /
IEC 801-2(1991): Electrostatic Dischar
g
e Require-
ments
IEC 801-3(1984): Radiated Electroma
g
netic Field
Requirements
IEC 801-4(1988): Electrical Fast Transient/Burst
Requirements
INSTRUMENT AND MANUAL IDENTIFICATION
A serial number identifies
y
our power suppl
y
. The serial num-
ber encodes the countr
y
of manufacture, the week of the lat-
est si
g
nificant desi
g
n chan
g
e, and a unique sequential
number. The letter "KR" desi
g
nates Korea as the countr
y
of
manufacture, the first one di
g
it indicates the
y
ear (3=1993,
4=1994, and so forth), and the second two di
g
its indicate the
week. The remainin
g
di
g
its of the serial number are a unique,
five-di
g
it number assi
g
ned sequentiall
y
.
If the serial number on
y
our suppl
y
does not a
g
ree with those
on the title pa
g
e of the manual, a
y
ellow Chan
g
e Sheet is
supplied with the manual to explain the difference
between
y
our instrument and the instrument described b
y
this
manual. The Chan
g
e Sheet ma
y
also contain information for
correctin
g
errors in the manual.
OPTIONS
Options OE3 and OE9 determine which line volta
g
e is
selected at the factor
y
. The standard unit is confi
g
ured for 115
Vac ± 10%, 47-63 Hz input.
Option No. Description
OE3: 230 Vac ± 10%, 47-63 Hz Input
OE9: 100 Vac ± 10%, 47-63 Hz Input
910: One additional operatin
g
and service manual
shipped with the power suppl
y
ACCESSORY
The accessor
y
listed below ma
y
be ordered from
y
our local
Hewlett-Packard Sales Office either with the power suppl
y
or
separatel
y
. (Refer to the list at the rear of the manual for
address.)
HP Part No. Description
5063-9767 Rack Kit for mountin
g
one or two 3 1/2" hi
g
h
supplies in a standard 19" rack
The rack mount kit is needed for rack mountin
g
of the
E3630A power suppl
y
.
DESCRIPTION
This constant-volta
g
e/current-limitin
g
triple output power sup-
pl
y
combines two 0 to ±20V trackin
g
outputs rated at 0.5
amps with an additional sin
g
le output that is rated at 0 to 6
volts and 2.5 amps. The +20V and -20V trackin
g
outputs can
also be used in series as a sin
g
le 0 to 40V 0.5-amp output.
Connections to the suppl
y
's output and to chassis
g
round are
made to bindin
g
posts on the front panel. The suppl
y
's three
outputs share a common output terminal, which is isolated
from chassis
g
round so that an
y
one output terminal can be
g
rounded.
All outputs are protected a
g
ainst overload and short-circuit
dama
g
e. The ±20V outputs are protected b
y
circuits that limit
the output current to 110% of its nominal maximum. The over-
load protection circuit for the +6V output has a current fold-
back characteristic that reduces the output current as an
overload increases until onl
y
1 amp flows throu
g
h a short cir-
cuit. The 6V output current limit depends on the output termi-
nal volta
g
e and varies linearl
y
between 2.75 amps at 6 volts
and 1 amp at zero volts.
All controls, di
g
ital meter, and output terminals are located on the
front panel. One volta
g
e control sets the 0 to 6V and another
sets the volta
g
es of the 0 to +20V and 0 to -20V outputs simul-
taneousl
y
. These dual trackin
g
outputs are made more versatile
b
y
providin
g
a trackin
g
ratio control in addition to the usual volt-
a
g
e control. With the trackin
g
ratio control turned full
y
clockwise
to its "fixed" position, the dual outputs have a fixed 1:1 trackin
g
ratio. As the ±20V volta
g
e control is adjusted, the volta
g
e of the
ne
g
ative suppl
y
tracks the positive output within ±1%. Turnin
g
the trackin
g
ratio control awa
y
from its full
y
clockwise position
switches the dual trackin
g
outputs into a variable trackin
g
ratio

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1-6
INSTALLATION
INITIAL INSPECTION
Before shipment, this instrument was inspected and found to
be free of mechanical and electrical defects. As soon as the
instrument is unpacked, inspect for an
y
dama
g
e that ma
y
have occurred in transit. Save all packin
g
materials until the
inspection is completed. If dama
g
e is found, a claim should
be filed with the carrier. The Hewlett-Packard Sales and Ser-
vice office should be notified as soon as possible.
Mechanical Check
This check should confirm that there are no broken knobs or
connectors, that the cabinet and panel surfaces are free of
dents and scratches, and that the meter is not scratched or
cracked.
Electrical Check
Perform the TURN-ON CHECKOUT PROCEDURE in the fol-
lowin
g
para
g
raph to confirm that the suppl
y
is operational.
Alternatel
y
, check the suppl
y
more full
y
usin
g
the PERFOR-
MANCE TEST in the service information section.
INSTALLATION DATA
The instrument is shipped read
y
for bench operation. Before
appl
y
in
g
power to the suppl
y
, please read the INPUT
POWER REQUIREMENTS para
g
raph.
Location and Coolin
g
This instrument is air cooled. Sufficient space should be
allowed so that a free flow of coolin
g
air can reach the sides
and rear of the instrument when it is in operation. It should be
used in an area where the ambient temperature does not
exceed 40oC.
Outline Dia
g
ram
Fi
g
ure 1 illustrates the outline shape and dimensions of the
suppl
y
.
Rack Mountin
g
This suppl
y
ma
y
be rack mounted in a standard 19-inch rack
panel either b
y
itself or alon
g
side a similar unit. Please see
the ACCESSORY, pa
g
e 1-4, for available rack mountin
g
accessor
y
. The rack-mountin
g
kit includes complete installa-
tion instructions.
INPUT POWER REQUIREMENTS
Dependin
g
on the line volta
g
e option ordered, the suppl
y
is
read
y
to be operated from one of the power sources listed in
Table 1. A label on the rear heat sink shows the nominal input
volta
g
e set for the suppl
y
at the factor
y
.
Power Cable
To protect operatin
g
personnel, the suppl
y
should be
g
rounded. This suppl
y
is equipped with a three conductor
power cable. The third conductor is the
g
round conductor and
when the cable is plu
gg
ed into an appropriate receptacle, the
suppl
y
is
g
rounded.
The power suppl
y
is equipped at the factor
y
with a power
cord plu
g
appropriate for the user's location. Notif
y
the near-
est HP Sales and Service Office if the appropriate power cord
is not included with the suppl
y
.
Fi
g
ure 1. Outline Dia
g
ram
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
INTRODUCTION
The followin
g
steps describe the use of the front panel con-
trols and indicators illustrated in Fi
g
ure 2 and serve as a brief
check that the suppl
y
is operational. Follow this checkout pro-
cedure or the more detailed performance test of service infor-
mation section when the instrument is received and before it
is connected to an
y
load equipment.
Fi
g
ure 2. Front-Panel Controls and Indicators

1-7
Before appl
y
in
g
power to the suppl
y
, check the label on the
heat sink to make certain that the suppl
y
's line volta
g
e option
a
g
rees with the line volta
g
e to be used. If the option does not
correspond to
y
our line volta
g
e, refer to para
g
raph "LINE
VOLTAGE OPTION CONVERSION" in the service section
before appl
y
in
g
power.
TURN -ON CHECKOUT PROCEDURE
a. Connect line cord to power source and turn LINE
switch on.
b. Push +6V METER switch and, with no load con-
nected, var
y
+6V VOLTAGE control over its ran
g
e
and check that the voltmeter responds to the control
settin
g
and the ammeter indicates zero.
c. Set the +6V VOLTAGE control to 6 volts and short the
+6V output terminal to COM (common) terminal
with an insulated test lead. The ammeter should
indicate a short-circuit output current of approximatel
y
1.0 A. Remove the short from the output terminals.
d. Push the +20V METER switch and turn Trackin
g
Ratio control full
y
clockwise to the Fixed position.
With no load connected, var
y
±20V VOLTAGE control
over its ran
g
e and check that the voltmeter
responds to the control settin
g
and the ammeter indi-
cates zero.
e. Set the ±20V VOLTAGE control to 20 volts and
short the +20V output terminal to the COM terminal
with an insulated test lead. The ammeter should
indicate a short-circuit output current of 0.55 A ± 5%.
Remove the short from the output terminals.
f. Repeat steps (d) and (e) for -20 V output.
g
. Adjust the +20V output to 20 volts. Then push -20V
METER switch and check the effect of the Trackin
g
Ratio control on the volta
g
e of the -20V output. The -
20V output should be adjustable from less than 0.5
volts to a maximum of 19 to 21 volts.
If this brief checkout procedure or later use of the suppl
y
reveals a possible malfunction, see the service information
section for detailed test, troubleshootin
g
, and adjustment pro-
cedures.
OPERATION
This power suppl
y
can be operated individuall
y
or in parallel
or series with another suppl
y
(see Parallel and Series Opera-
tion para
g
raphs). All output terminals are isolated from
g
round. The ±20V and +6V outputs use a sin
g
le common out-
put terminal. This common (COM) terminal or an
y
one of the
other output terminals ma
y
be
g
rounded to the chassis at the
front panel
g
round terminal ( in Fi
g
ure 2), or all outputs ma
y
be left floatin
g
. Loads can be connected separatel
y
between
each of the 0 to ±20V output terminals and the COM terminal,
or between the -20V and the +20V terminals for a 0 to 40V
output. Each output volta
g
e or current can be quickl
y
selected
for monitorin
g
with the push-button meter switches. To moni-
tor the 0 to 40V output volta
g
e, add the voltmeter readin
g
s of
the +20V and -20V output and use either the +20V or the -
20V meter to measure the current.
Tracking Ratio Control
With the Trackin
g
Ratio control in the Fixed position, the volt-
a
g
e of the -20V suppl
y
tracks that of the +20V suppl
y
within
1% for convenience in var
y
in
g
the s
y
mmetrical volta
g
es
needed b
y
operational amplifiers and other circuits usin
g
bal-
anced positive and ne
g
ative inputs.
Turn the Trackin
g
Ratio control counter clockwise out of the
Fixed position to set the volta
g
e of the -20V suppl
y
lower than
that of the +20V suppl
y
. The ne
g
ative suppl
y
can be set from
a minimum of less than 0.5 volts to a maximum within 5% of
the +20V suppl
y
's output. Once this is done, the ±20V volta
g
e
control still controls both outputs and maintains a constant
ratio between their volta
g
es.
Overload Protection Circuits
±20-Volt Current Limit. The +20V and -20V outputs are indi-
viduall
y
protected a
g
ainst overload or short circuit dama
g
e b
y
separate current limit circuits to limit the output current to 0.55
A ± 5%. (This is 110% of the maximum rated output.) If a sin-
g
le load is connected between the +20V and -20V outputs,
the circuit set for the lesser current limit will limit the output.
No deterioration of suppl
y
performance occurs if the output
current remains below the current limit settin
g
.
+6V Current Foldback. The overload and short-circuit pro-
tection circuit for the +6V output reduces the output current
limit as the output terminal volta
g
e decreases. (The operatin
g
re
g
ion of the +6V output is enclosed b
y
heav
y
lines in Fi
g
ure
4.) The maximum rated output current is 2.5 A and the current
limit is factor
y
-adjusted to operate at 2.75 A ± 5% when the
output is 6 volts. At lower output volta
g
es, the circuit reduces
the maximum obtainable output current linearl
y
until 1 A ±
15% flows when the output is shorted. The short-circuit cur-
rent can not be adjusted.
Durin
g
the actual operation of the ±20V and +6V outputs, if a
load chan
g
e causes the current limit to be exceeded, the OL
LED is li
g
hted. If overload conditions occur, the ±20V supplies
will protect the load b
y
limitin
g
the current to 0.55 A and the
+6V suppl
y
will protect the load b
y
reducin
g
both volta
g
e and
current simultaneousl
y
alon
g
the foldback locus as shown in
Fi
g
ure 4. The ±20V and +6V supplies are self restorin
g
; that
is, when the overload is removed or corrected, the output
volta
g
e is automaticall
y
restored to the previousl
y
set value.
Operation Beyond Rated Output
The suppl
y
ma
y
be able to provide volta
g
es and currents
g
reater than its rated maximum outputs if the line volta
g
e is at
or above its nominal value. Operation can be extended up to
5% over the rated output without dama
g
e to the suppl
y
, but
performance can not be
g
uaranteed to meet specifications in

1-8
Fi
g
ure 3. Current Limit Characteristic of the 6V Suppl
y
this re
g
ion. If the line volta
g
e is maintained in the upper end
of the input volta
g
e ran
g
e, however, the suppl
y
probabl
y
will
operate within its specifications
Connectin
g
Load
Each load should be connected to the power suppl
y
output
terminals usin
g
separate pairs of connectin
g
wires. This will
minimize mutual couplin
g
effects between loads and takes full
advanta
g
e of the low output impedance of the suppl
y
. Load
wires must be of adequatel
y
heav
y
g
au
g
e to maintain satis-
factor
y
re
g
ulation at the load.
Each pair of connectin
g
wires should be as short as possible
and twisted or shielded to reduce noise pick-up. If a shield is
used, connect one end to the suppl
y
g
round terminal and
leave the other end unconnected.
If load considerations require locatin
g
output power distribu-
tion terminals at a distance from the power suppl
y
, then the
power suppl
y
output terminals should be connected to the
remote distribution terminals b
y
a pair of twisted or shielded
wires and each load should be connected to the remote distri-
bution terminals separatel
y
.
Parallel Operation
Two or more supplies can be connected in parallel to obtain a
total output current
g
reater than that available from one sup-
pl
y
. The total output current is the sum of the output currents
of the individual supplies. The output volta
g
e controls of one
power suppl
y
should be set to the desired output volta
g
e, and
the other suppl
y
set for a sli
g
htl
y
lar
g
er output volta
g
e. The
suppl
y
set to the lower output volta
g
e will act as a constant
volta
g
e source, while the suppl
y
set to the hi
g
her output will
act as a current-limited source, droppin
g
its output volta
g
e
until it equals that of the other suppl
y
. The constant volta
g
e
source will deliver onl
y
that fraction of its rated output current
necessar
y
to fulfill the total current demand.
Series Operation
Series operation of two or more power supplies can be
accomplished up to the output isolation ratin
g
of an
y
one sup-
pl
y
to obtain a hi
g
her volta
g
e than that available from a sin
g
le
suppl
y
. Series connected supplies can be operated with one
load across both supplies or with a separate load for each
suppl
y
. The power suppl
y
has a reverse polarit
y
diode con-
nected across the output terminals so that if operated in
series with other supplies, dama
g
e will not occur if the load is
short-circuited or if one suppl
y
is turned on separatel
y
from its
series partners. When this connection is used, the output volt-
a
g
e is the sum of the volta
g
es of the individual supplies. Each
of the individual supplies must be adjusted in order to obtain
the total output volta
g
e.
LOAD CONSIDERATIONS
This section provides information on operatin
g
y
our suppl
y
with various t
y
pes of loads connected to its output.
PULSE LOADING
The power suppl
y
will automaticall
y
cross over from constant-
volta
g
e to current-limit operation in response to an increase in
the output current over the preset limit. Althou
g
h the preset
limit ma
y
be set hi
g
her than the avera
g
e output current, hi
g
h
peak currents (as occur in pulse loadin
g
) ma
y
exceed the
preset current limit and cause crossover to occur and
de
g
rade performance.
REVERSE CURRENT LOADING
An active load connected to the suppl
y
ma
y
actuall
y
deliver a
reverse current to the suppl
y
durin
g
a portion of its operatin
g
c
y
cle. An external source can not be allowed to pump current
into the suppl
y
without riskin
g
loss of re
g
ulation and possible
dama
g
e to the output capacitor of the suppl
y
. To avoid these
effects, it is necessar
y
to preload the suppl
y
with a dumm
y
load resistor so that the suppl
y
delivers current throu
g
h the
entire operatin
g
c
y
cle of the load devices.
OUTPUT CAPACITANCE
An internal capacitor across the output terminals of the suppl
y
helps to suppl
y
hi
g
h-current pulses of short duration durin
g
constant-volta
g
e operation. An
y
capacitance added exter-
nall
y
will improve the pulse current capabilit
y
, but will
decrease the load protection provided b
y
the current limitin
g
circuit. A hi
g
h-current pulse ma
y
dama
g
e load components
before the avera
g
e output current is lar
g
e enou
g
h to cause
the current limitin
g
circuit to operate.
REVERSE VOLTAGE PROTECTION
A diode is connected across the output terminals with reverse
polarit
y
. This diode protects the output electrol
y
tic capacitors
and the series re
g
ulator transistors from the effects of a
reverse volta
g
e applied across the output terminals. Since
series re
g
ulator transistors can not withstand reverse volta
g
e
either, diodes are also connected across them. When operat-
in
g
supplies in parallel, these diodes protect an unener
g
ized
suppl
y
that is in parallel with an ener
g
ized suppl
y
.

1-9
Fi
g
ure 4. Reverse Current Loadin
g
Solution

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Manual Update
The information in this manual update is provided to correct manual errors and to adapt the manual
to instruments containing changes after the manual print date.
Manual Identification
This update is used with the Operating and Service Manual of the E3630A Triple Output Lab
Bench DC Power supply ; Manual Part Number: 5959-5329, Manual Print Date: August 1999 (Edition 6) .
For Instruments with Serial Numbers > KR71810198
Change 1: On page 1-5, change the Meter Accuracy Specification at the Table 1 as follows:
From: ± 0.5 % of full scale + 2 counts at 25 °C ± 5 °C
To: ± (0.5 % of output + 2 counts) at 25 °C ± 5 °C
*E3630-90092*
E3630-90092
Ó Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1999
Printed in Korea August 1999 E0899