Huazheng HZRC2000+ User manual

HZRC2000+
Earth Resistance Tester
Huazheng Electric Manufacturing (Baoding) Co., Ltd.,

Contents
I. Attention ............................................................................................................................ 1
II. Brief Introduction ..............................................................................................................2
II. Specification .....................................................................................................................3
IV. Structure of Meter ...........................................................................................................6
V. Liquid Crystal Display ......................................................................................................6
VI．Function Zoom Table .................................................................................................... 9
VII. Operating Method ........................................................................................................10
VIII. Measurement Principle .............................................................................................. 15
IX. Measurement Method of Earth Resistance ................................................................. 16
X. Field Application ............................................................................................................ 20
XI. Matters need attention when measuring grounding resistance .................................. 23
XII. Packing list .................................................................................................................. 26
XIII. Parts List and Assembly Details ................................................................................ 26
XIV. Trouble shooting .........................................................................................................27

1
I. Attention
Thank you for purchasing this pincers earth tester from Huazheng Electric Manufacturing
(Baoding) Co., Ltd. In order to make better use of the product, please be certain:
----To read this user manual carefully.
----To comply with the operating cautions presented in this manual.
1 Under any circumstances, use the Meter should pay special attention to safety.
2 Pay attention to the measurement range of the Meter and the using environment
provided.
3 Pay attention to the text labeled on the panel and back plane of the Meter.
4 Before booting up, the trigger should be pressed for 1-2 times to ensure the jaws are
well closed.
5 At Boot time, DO NOT press the trigger, nor clamp any wire.
6 Before the auto inspection is completed and the "OL Ω" symbols are showed, the
measured objects cannot be clamped on.
7 The jaw planes contact must be maintained clean, and should not be polished with
corrosive and rough materials.
8 Avoid any impact onto this Meter, especially the Jaw contact surface.
9 This Meter will have some buzzing sound in measurement process, and it is normal.
10 The measurement current of the wire should not exceed the upper limit of the Meter.
11 Please take out the batteries in the case of the Meter being idle for a long time.
12 The dismantling, calibration and maintenance the Meter shall be operated by the
authorized staff.
13 If the continuing use of it would be dangerous, the Meter should be stopped using
immediately, and immediately sealed for the treatment by the authorized agencies.
14 The contents in this user manual marked with "*" are limited to C+.

2
II. Brief Introduction
This instrument was designed by technical department of Huazheng Electric
Manufacturing (Baoding) Co., Ltd.. Its performance is mainly reflected in:
Breakthrough in self-test the boot a long time to wait, start immediately into the
test.
Breakthrough relay self-test mode, using advanced processing algorithms and
digital integration technology, a fully intelligent.
Break the old product to heavy issues, more in line with characteristics of
handheld devices.
New design, panel operation with 6 buttons, better performance.
An increase of sound and light alarm, "beep—beep--beep --" alarm sound.
Increase the interference signal recognition indicator.
Improved anti-jamming capability and test stability.
Stored data: 99 Units.
Wider range: 0.01Ω-1200Ω
Lower power consumption: Maximum operating current not exceeding 50mA.
HZRC series of Pincers Earth Tester is widely used in the grounding resistance
measurement of the power, telecommunications, meteorology, oilfield, construction and
the industrial and electrical equipment.
HZRC series of Pincers Earth Tester, in the measurement of a grounding system with
loop current, does not require breaking down the grounding wire, and need no auxiliary
electrode. It is safe, fast and simple in use.
HZRC series of Pincers Earth Tester can measure out the faults beyond the reach of the
traditional methods, and can be applied in the occasions not in the range of the traditional
methods.

3
HZRC series of Pincers Earth Tester can measure the integrated value of the grounding
body resistance and the grounding lead resistance.
HZRC series of Pincers Earth Tester is equipped with a long jaw, as indicated in the figure
below. A long jaw is particularly suitable for the occasion of grounding with the flat steel.
In addition,
C+ Pincers Earth Tester is also able to measure the leakage current and the neutral
current in the grounding system.
II. Specification
1.Model of Series
Model
Jaw
Size
(mm
)
Range of
Resistance (Ω)
Range of
Current
(A)
Storage
Function
Alarm
Functio
n
HZRC2000+
65×3
2
0.01--1200
--
99 Units
√
HZRC2000A
+
65×3
2
0.01--200
--
99 Units
√
HZRC2000C
+
65×3
2
0.01--1200
0.0--20.0
99 Units
√
HZRC2100+
φ32
0.01--1200
--
99 Units
√
HZRC2100A
+
φ32
0.01--200
--
99 Units
√
HZRC2100C
+
φ32
0.01--1200
0.0--20.0
99 Units
√
Note: “√” means available.

4
2. Ranges and Accuracy of Measurement
Mode
Range
Resolutio
Accuracy
Resistance
0.010Ω-0.099Ω
0.001Ω
±（1% ＋
0.10Ω-0.99Ω
0.01Ω
±（1% ＋
1.0Ω-49.9Ω
0.1Ω
±（1% ＋
50.0Ω-99.5Ω
0.5Ω
±（1.5% ＋
100Ω-199Ω
1Ω
±（2%＋1Ω）
200Ω-395Ω
5Ω
±（5%＋5Ω）
400-590Ω
10Ω
±（10% ＋
600Ω-880Ω
20Ω
±（20% ＋
900Ω-1200Ω
30Ω
±（25% ＋
*Current
(True-RMS)
0.00mA -9.00mA
0.05mA
±（2.5% ＋
10.0mA -99.0mA
0.1mA
±（2.5% ＋
100mA -300mA
1mA
±（2.5% ＋
0.30A-2.99A
0.01A
±（2.5% ＋
3.0A-9.9A
0.1A
±（2.5% ＋
10.0A-20.0A
0.1 A
±（2.5% ＋1
A）
Resistance Measurement Frequency: >1KHz
Measured Current Frequency: 50Hz/60Hz
Setting Range of Resistance Alarm Critical Value: 1Ω-199Ω
*Setting Range of Current Alarm Critical Value：1mA -499mA
3. Specifications
Instrument safety: IEC/EN61010-1, IEC/EN6010-2-032
Insulation: double insulation
Pollution degree: class II
Overvoltage category: CAT III 150V to ground, Max 20A
Degrees of protection:
-IP30, Group III equipment as per EN 60529 Ed 92

5
-IK04, as per EN 50102 Ed 95
Dimensions(L×W×H):
-Long elliptic jaw: 285mm×90mm×66mm; (11×4×3 inches)
-Round jaw: 260mm×90mm×66mm;(10×4×3 inches)
Span of Jaw: Long elliptic jaw 35mm; round jaw 32mm
Weight (including batteries): Long elliptic jaw-1160g, Round jaw-1120g
Battery type: 4 ×1.5V alkaline LR6 AA battery
Low battery indication: is displayed
Internal consumption: <50mA
Auto Power off: after 5 minutes of idleness
Display: 4 LCD, sign, decimal point and backlight
Memory size: 99 Units of Reading
Environment (Temperature & Relative Humidity):
-Working: -10°C~55°C, 10%RH-90%RH
-Storage: -20°C ~60°C, below 70%RH
Range shift: Full range automatic shifting
External magnetic field: <40A/m
External electric field: <1V/m
Data upload interface: RS232 (Optional)

6
IV. Structure of Meter
1. Long Pincers Jaw : 65mmx32mm
2. Round Pincer Jaw : φ32mm
3. Trigger: to control opening and closing of jaw
4. HOLD Key: lock / Release display /Storage
5. POWER Key: Boot Up / Shutdown /*Quit /Clear Data
6. MEM Key: Data Access / Clear Data
7. AL Alarm Function Key: Alarm Open / Turn Off
Alarm Critical Value Setting
8. Resistance Measure Switch Key Ω (Right Arrow Key)
9. *Current Measure Switch Key A (Left Arrow Key)
10. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Note: "*" is limited to C+.
V. Liquid Crystal Display
1. LCD Screen
(1). Alarm Symbol

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(2). Symbol of low battery & voltage
(3). Symbol of full data storage
(4). Symbol of data access
(5). 2-Digital No. Of Data Storage Unit
(6). Current unit
(7). Resistance unit
(8). Noise signal
(9). Data lock symbol
(10).Symbol of an open jaw
(11). Symbol of DC
(12). Metrication decimal point
(13). 4-digital LCD figures display
(14). Symbol of AC
2. Description of Special Symbols
Note: "*" is limited to C+.
⑴.Symbol of an open jaw: As a jaw is in the open state, the symbol shows. At this
point, trigger may be artificially pressed, or the jaws have been seriously polluted, and
can no longer continue to measure.

8
⑵.“Er” Boot error symbol, May be pressing trigger when boot or jaw has been opened.
⑶.Symbol of low battery & voltage: when the battery voltage is lower than 5.3V, the
symbol shows. At this time, it cannot guarantee accuracy of the measurements. Batteries
should be replaced.
⑷."OL Ω" symbol indicates that the measured resistance has exceeded the upper limit
of the Meter.
⑸."L0.01Ω" symbol indicates that the measured resistance has exceeded the lower limit
of the Meter.
*⑹."OL A" symbol indicates that the measured current has exceeded the upper limit of
the Meter.
⑺.Alarm symbol: when the measured value is greater than the critical value of
alarm setting, the symbol flashes, and the meter issued by intermittent "beep--beep
–beep--" sound.
⑻. MEM Symbol of full data storage: memory is full of data units of 99, and can no longer
continue to store data. MEM symbol flashes.
⑼. MR Symbol of access to data: to display in an access to data, also including the
number of data.
⑽. NOISE signal: when the symbol flashes, in the measurement of grounding resistance
at a greater interference current in the loop. At this time it cannot guarantee accuracy of
the measurements.
3. Examples Illustrated
Note: "*" is limited to C+.
⑴.---Jaw is in open state, and cannot
measure
⑵.---Boot error instructions Er (Error)

9
⑶.---Measured loop resistance is less
than 0.01Ω
⑷.---Measured loop resistance is 5.1Ω
⑸.---Measured loop resistance is 2.1Ω
---Lock the current measurement
value: 2.1Ω
---Auto storage as 08 set data
⑹.---Access to the stored data of Unit No.26
---Measured loop resistance is 0.028Ω
*⑺.---Alarm function activated, the measured current exceeded the critical value of
alarm setting
---Low battery & voltage is displayed. At this time, it not guarantee the accuracy of
the measurements
---Measured current is 8.40A
---Lock the current value displayed
---Store the current value as the data
Unit No.37
⑻.--- Access to the stored data unit No.8
--- Measured resistance is 30Ω
--- This data is measured in a lot of signals interference
VI．Function Zoom Table
Function
Bottom
On/off/delay shutdown
POWER
Lock/cancel display
HOLD
*Exit
POWER
*Resistance/current
measurement/data
access mode
MODE
*Lock/cancel
display/store/access
alarm value
SET
*Set critical value/digital
select/access the data
MODE/SET

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have stored
*Delete all the data have
stored
SET+MODE
Note: “*”just for C type.
VII. Operating Method
1.Boot up
Boot , DO NOT press the trigger, don’t open jaws,
nor clamp any wire
Boot complete, show “OL Ω”, then press the
trigger, open jaws, clamp the measured wire
Before booting up, the trigger should be pressed
for a couple of times to ensure the jaws are well
closed.
Boot, must maintain clamp meter natural resting
state, don’t flip Clamp, don’t be imposed outside
force on the jaw, otherwise can not guarantee the
accuracy of measurement
Press POWER Key to Boot, first, automated testing LCD, show all of its symbols
(Figure 1). Meanwhile the instrument auto-calibration, after boot displayed "OL Ω",
automatically enter the resistance measurement mode (Figure 2).If there is no normal
boot self-calibration, instrument will show "Er" symbol, said boot error. need to check the
cause and reboot (Figure 3).
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
After Power On and Self Test if not appear "OL Ω",but shows a large resistance
(Figure 4).

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However, when measured with the test ring, still gives the correct result, indicating
Clamp measured only in the high-value (for example, more than 100Ω) has large errors,
When measuring a small resistance retains the original Accuracy, the user can rest
assured use.
2．Shutdown
Press POWER Key to Shutdown.
5 minutes after boot, LCD display into the blinking state. To reduce battery consumption,
blinking state for 30 seconds automatically shut down. In the blinking state press POWER
key to delay shutdown, Clamp continue to work.
In the HOLD state, need to press HOLD key to exit the HOLD state, then press POWER
key to shut down.
In setting Alarm Critical Value state, need to press the POWER key or press the AL key
for 3 seconds, exit Alarm Critical Value state, then press POWER key to shut down.
3．Resistance Measurement
After the booting auto-inspection is completed, it shows "OL Ω" and will be able to
proceed with resistance measurement. At this point, press the trigger and open the jaws,
clamp the target loop, reading to get the resistance value.
If the user thinks it necessary, the test can be done
with the ring as shown in the following figure 5. Its show value
should be consistent with the normal value on the test ring (5.1Ω).
The normal value on the test ring is the value at a temperature of 20°C.
It is normal to find the difference of numerical 1 word between the show
value and the nominal value, For instance: If the nominal value of
test ring is 5.1Ω, it would be normalshowing 5.0Ω or 5.2Ω.

12
Figure 5It shows "OL Ω”, indicating that the measured resistance
value exceeded the upper limit of Meter, see Figure 2.
It shows "L0.01Ω”, indicating that the
measured resistance value exceeded the lower limit of Meter, see Figure 6.
Flashing display symbols , go with intermittent "beep--beep--beep--" sound, indicating
the measured resistance exceeds the resistance of Alarm Critical Value.
In the HOLD state, need to press HOLD key to exit the HOLD state, then continue
measurement.
In the MR state, need to press MEM key to exit the MR state, then continue to
measurement.
In setting Alarm Critical Value state, need to press the POWER key or press the AL key
for 3 seconds, exit Alarm Critical Value state, then continue to measurement.
*In the current test mode, press Ωkey to switch to resistance test mode.
*4．Current Measurement
After the booting auto-inspection is completed, the Meter automatically enter the
resistance measurement mode. Upon showing "OL Ω", press A key, and the Meter enter
the current measurement mode, showing "AC 0.00mA", see Figure 7. At this point, press
the trigger and open the jaws, clamp the target wire, reading to getthe current value.
It shows "OL A”, indicating that the measured current value exceeded the upper limit of
Meter, see Figure 8.
Flashing display symbols , go with intermittent "beep --beep--beep--" sound,
indicating the measured current exceeds the current of Alarm Critical Value.
In the HOLD state, need to press HOLD key to exit the HOLD state, then continue

13
measurement.
In the MR state, need to press MEM key to exit the MR state, then continue to
measurement.
In setting Alarm Critical Value state, need to press the POWER key or press the AL key
for 3 seconds, exit Alarm Critical Value state, then continue to measurement.
In the resistance test model, press Akey to switch to current test model.
5．Date Lock/Release/Storage
In test model, press HOLD key to Lock currently displayed value and HOLD symbol.
At the same time, this lock-values as a set of data followed by auto-ID and store, and
then press HOLD key to cancel the lock, HOLD symbol disappeared, can continue to
measure. Loop operation, can store 99 sets of data. If the memory is full, blinking
display MEM symbol.
Figure 9，Lock measured resistance 0.016Ω, at the same time as the first 01 sets of
data storage.
*As indicated in Figure 10, lock the measured current 278mA, and save it as data unit
No.99.
And the memory is full now. blinking display MEM symbol.
In the Date Access Model, press MEM key to exit, then can lock and storage the data.
In setting Alarm Critical Value state, need to press the POWER key or press the AL
key for 3 seconds, exit Alarm Critical Value state, then can lock and storage the data.
Shutdown and then boot up, don’t lose stored data.
6．Data Access
Press MEM key to enter Data Access Model, the default display stored in the first 01
Units
of data, shown in Figure 11. Then
the right arrow keys, up, read the
data stored, press the left arrow key,
scroll down to the data stored. If not store data, display shown in Figure 12.
In setting Alarm Critical Value state, need to press the POWER key or press the AL key

14
for 3 seconds, exit Alarm Critical Value state, then press MEM key to enter data storage
model.
7．Alarm Settings
In the test model, press AL key to turn on or shutdown alarm function.
In test model, press AL key for 3 seconds, then enter to set alarm critical value
function, temporality, the highest-digit flashing, first set a maximum bit, shown in Figure
13, Figure 14. Press AL key to switch to the low number, in the current digit flashing,
press the left/right arrow keys to change the "0,1, ... 9" figures, after the number finished
setting, press the AL key for 3 seconds to confirm the current set alarm critical value,
when set the alarm function successful, opening alarm function, then automatically return
to measurement mode. If the load bigger than the alarm critical, meter will be flashing an
alarm symbol, also
issued intermittent
"beep--beep--beep--"
sound.
Setting process, press POWER key to exit Alarm Critical Value setting function,
return to measurement status, does not change the previous settings.
In data access model, press MEM key to exit, then setting Alarm Critical Value.
8．Access to Alarm Critical Value
Press AL key to enter the mode of resistance or current measurement. Press down AL
key for 3 sec, you can access to check the alarm critical value, which would flashes in
high-digit. The value accessed was set in the last time. And again press down AL key for
3 sec or POWER key to quit from the access state and return to the measuring state.As
indicated in Figure 15, the alarm critical value of resistance set in the last time is 20Ω.

15
9．Clear Data
In the data access model, press MEM+POWER, automatism clear all the stored data.
After clearing display show in Figure 12. The data can’t be restore after clear.
Note: "*" is limited to C+.
VIII. Measurement Principle
1. Principle of Resistance Measurement
The basic principle of HZRC in the measurement of resistance is to measure the loop
resistance, as shown in the figure below. The jaw part of the Meter is comprised of
voltage coil and current coil. The voltage coil provides excitation signal, and will induce a
potential E on the measured loop. Under the effects of the potential E, the current I can
generate on the measured
loop. The Meter will measure E & I, and
the measured resistance R can be
obtained by the following formula.
2. Principle of Current Measurement
The basic principle of C+ in the measurement of current is the same with that of the
measurement of resistance, as shown in the figure below. The AC current on the
measured wire, through the current magnetic loop and coil, can generate a induction
current I1; The Meter will measure I1, and the measured current I can be obtained by the
following formula.

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Where: n is the turn ratio of the secondary side vs. primary side.
IX. Measurement Method of Earth Resistance
1. Multi-Point Grounding System
As for the multi-point grounding system (such as electricity transmission tower grounding
system, grounding cable communications systems, certain buildings, etc.), They usually
pass the overhead ground wire (cable shielding layer) connected to form a grounding
system.
As the Meter is in the above measurement, its equivalent electric circuit is shown in the
figure below:
Where: R1is the target grounding resistance.
R0is the equivalent resistance of the other entire tower grounding resistances paralleled.
Although strictly on the theoretical grounding, because of the existence of so-called
"mutual resistance”, R0is not the usual parallel value in the sense of electrical
engineering (slightly higher than its IEC parallel output value). But because a
tower-grounding hemisphere was much smaller than the distance between the towers,
and with a great number of locations after all, R0is much smaller than R1. Therefore, it
can be justified to assume R0=0 from an engineering perspective. In this way, the

17
resistance we measured should be R1.
Times of comparing tests in different environments and different occasions with the
traditional method proved that the above assumption is entirely reasonable.
2. Limited Point Grounding System
This is also quite common. For example, in some towers, five towers are linked with each
other through overhead ground wire; Besides, the grounding of some of the buildings is
not an independent grounding grid, but several grounding bodies connected with each
other through the wire.
Under such circumstances, the above R0regarded as 0, will yield more error on the
results of the measurement.
Due to the same reasons mentioned above, we may ignore the impact of the mutual
resistance; and the equivalent resistance of the grounding resistance paralleled is
calculated by the usual sense. Thus, for the grounding system of N (N is smaller, but
larger than 2) grounding bodies, it can offer N equations:
.
.
.
Where: R1、R2、……RNare grounding resistances of N grounding bodies.
R1T、R2T、……RNT are the resistances measured with the Meter in the different
grounding branches.
It is nonlinear equations with N unknown numbers and N equations. It indeed has a
definite solution, but it is very difficult to solve the issue artificially, even impossible when
N is larger.
Therefore, you’re expected to buy the Limited-Point Grounding System Solution software
produced by this Company. Users can use the office computer or notebook computer to
carry out solutions.
NT
N
NR
RRR
R


)1(21
1
......
11
1
R1T
RN
R3
R2
R1
1
......
1
1
1





T
N
R
RRR
R2
31
21
......
11
1



18
In principle, in addition to ignoring the mutual resistance, this method does not have the
measurement error caused by neglecting R0.
However, users need to pay attention to that: in response to the number of the grounding
bodies mutually linked in your grounding system, it is necessary to measure the same
number of the testing values for calculating of the program, not more or less. And the
program would output the same number of grounding resistance values.
3. Single-Point Grounding System
From the measuring principle, HZRC series Meter can only measure the loop resistance,
and the single-point grounding is not measured. However, users will be able to use a
testing line very near to the earth electrode of the grounding system to artificially create a
loop for testing. The following presented is two kinds of methods for the single-point
grounding measurement by use of the Meter. These two methods can be applied to the
occasions beyond the reach of the traditional voltage-current testing methods.
⑴.Two-Point Method
As shown in the figure below, in the vicinity of the measured grounding body RA, find an
independent grounding body of better grounding state RB(for example, near a water pipe
or a building). RAand RBline will connect to each other using a single testing line.
As the resistance value measured by the Meter is the value of the series resistance from
the testing line and two grounding resistances.
RT=RA+ RB+ RL
Where: RTis the resistance value measured with the Meter.
RLis the resistance value of the testing line. Meter can measure out the resistance value
by connecting the test lines with both ends.