IBM Infoprint 1130 User manual

IBM 1130 Computing System User's Guide
This manual, covering a wide range of subjects that are of interest
to 1130 customer personnel, is designed for insertion in a workbook
along with user-generated materials. It deals with the steps to be
considered in any successful installation program: preinstallation
planning, documenting current applications~Cdesign of new appfica-
tions, conversion, program development, testing, and program
documentation.
Additional topics discussed include the 1130 system, the 1130
Monitor, Job Management, Disk Management, Core Management,
File Organization, Disk Data Storage, FORTRAN and the Commer-
cial Subroutine Package, Sorting and System Evaluation - Performance.
It is suggested that the User's Guide be placed in a binder and
that dividers be inserted before the various sections. The resulting
workbook becomes the single major source of installation guidance
when you include your own data processing policies, standards, and
control forms.
C20-1690-0
13 JAN 1970

IBM 1130 Computing System
This first reprint contains a few minor changes to the original edition, but does not in any
way obsolete the original edition.
Copies
of this and other IBM publications can be obtained through IBM branch
offices. Address comments concerning
the contents of this publication to:
IBM, Technical Publications Department, 112 East Post Road, White Plains, N.Y. 10601

READER'S GUIDE
INTRODUCTION
This section is intended as a guide to help you get
the most out of this manual. Because of the magni-
tude of the manual and the differing needs of various
readers, such a guide, or "road map", is particu-
larly important.
For purposes of the guide, readers will be
divided into three groups:
1. Top management, who want an overview of
the system.
2. Data processing management, who have
direct responsibility for the installation and man-
agement of the 1130 System.
:3. Programmers and systems analysts, who will
actually set up the system, determine the methods
to be used , and/or code the programs.
Groups 2 and 3 are subdivided into those con-
cerned with "pure" scientific applications, and
those working in a commercial or mixed scientific-
commercial atmosphere.
Figure 01.1 shows a general outline of the man-
ual and suggests which sections should be read by
each group. However, the top manager who wants
a more detailed view of the 1130 will find much of
the data processing management material to be
relevant; the data processing manager may want to
read more than Figure 01. 1 indicates; etc.
The effectiveness of this Guide depends entirely
on the responsible manager in your installation.
The Guide contains possible paths to a successful
installation. Since the installation of data process-
ing equipment is a disciplined venture that involves
decisions concerning the selection of the best paths,
your management's responsibility is clearly delin-
eated. This responsibility began with the creation
of realistic objectives. Control is exercised through
timely reviews in which progress is related to
checkpoints and corrective action is undertaken.
A WORD TO TOP MANAGEMENT
Within the last several years, your company may
have increased its plant capacity to meet growing
needs. Before this new resource became fully
operational, though, many things had to be done.
Management was chosen, an organization chart
drawn up, a plan for startup formulated,a date
picked for the start of production, etc.
Just recently you may have added a new product
or scrvice. The introduction of this product or
Section Subsections Page
01 00 I00 01
service involved many considerations. Its need was
studied, its function determined, an announcement
date selected, etc.
In both cases, management:
• Defined its objectives
• Made a plan
• Established checkpoints
• Assigned responsibilities
Timely reviews determined whether your plans
were being followed, your objectives met, etc. On
the basis of these reviews, modifications and adjust-
ments were made to ensure that the operation was a
success.
Now you are adding another resource to your
organization - an IBM 1130 Computing System. As
before, there are many things that you, as manage-
ment, must do if your 1130 installation is to meet
its planned objectives.
Should the installation of a new data processing
system be any less subject to management control
than a new plant, or a new product? The answer is
no. Data processing capability is a resource, just
like the new plant or new product. In fact, a data
processing system is a unique type of resource; it is
one that extends management's ability to control
other resources. '
Your 1130 system may be used to maintain a per-
sonnel skills inventory or to schedule plant opera-
tions. It may be assigned to keep a close watch on
cash flow or to determine reorder points for your
inventory. In each case, data processing is a re-
source being used to control other resources.
In this light, the IBM 1130 Computing System that
you are about to install should take on an added impor-
tance. Objectives, checkpoints, and the mechanics
for review should be established for this resource,
just as for any other resource available to you.
The 1130 Computing System, through its stored-
program power and random access disk capability,
embodies a new technology. The maximum value
will be derived from this technology only if the sys-
tem is oriented toward your objectives and its in-
stallation is closely monitored to see that those
objectives are achieved. It is through this type of
involvement that the philosophies and policies of a
manager can be manifested.
The 1130 User's Guide has been designed with
these thoughts in mind. First, it deals with all the
considerations that lead to a successful installation.
Second, it is so organized as to lend itself to the
control and review process. The cornerstone of

Section Subsections Page
01
00
I 00 02
THE READER
DP
Programmer/
Mgmt
DP
Analyst Programmer/
Top
(Commercial-
Mgmt
(Commercial-
Analyst
THE TOPIC:
Mgmt
Scientific)
(Scientific)
Scientific)
(Scientific)
Preinstallation Planning v v v
Documenting Current Applications
Introduction
Introduction
v
Cards vs 0 isk Files v
..
..
Preliminary Questions & Answers Safeguarding Data v
..
..
Accounting Controls
v v
Application Design
Forms Design v v
Card Design v v
Disk Design
..
..
Program Development
Introduction
Introduction
.J .J
Testing Effectively
.; v v v
Documentatio n
Introduction
v .J
"
,j
Conversion
,j
.J
The 1130 System v .; v v
The 1130 Monitor
v v v v
Job Management v v v "
Layout of 0 isk v v
Disk Management Increasi
ng Space v v
Disk Util. Prog. v v
Core Storage Management v v
Arithmetic
v
,j
v v
FORTRAN
Overlapped I/O
v v
Character Handling
,j
Core Saving Tips
v .J
Timing
v .;
Sorting
Introduction
v
Use of the Disk for Data Storage
Introduction
..
Introduction
..
.. ..
Disk Organization and Processing *
Introduction
..
*
*
Improving Your System -Performance
Introduction
.; .;
.;
.J
,j Read this section
.. May be skipped if you don't have, or are not considering using, the disk for data storage
Figure 01.1

this organization is an Installation Activity Schedule,
which highlights all the events leading to a success-
ful installation. This is fully described in Section 05.
This Guide should become a working document in
your organization. Although the experience and
specific needs of each organization vary consider-
ably, all the events apply to some extent in every
installation.
A WORD TO DATA PROCESSING MANAGEMENT
In
addition to the comments directed toward top
management, several thoughts apply here.
You are the men in the middle - between top
management and the programmer/analyst. For this
reason the sections checked for your attention are
those concerned with how to do things the "right"
way; how to avoid potential pitfalls; how to get the
most out of your 1130 system; etc.
A WORD TO THE PROGRAMMER/ANALYST
As Figure 01.1 shows, this manual is directed pri-
marily toward you; you should read its entire con-
tents. This is especially true for those of you who
are working in a commercial, or mixed, environ-
ment.
However, the distinction between a commercial,
or mixed, environment and a "pure" scientific
environment is very tenuous. More and more,
users who once considered themselves "pure"
scientific find their applications taking on aspects
of the traditional commercial job - large data files
are developed, input and output formats become
more critical, alphabetic codes and data are en-
countered.
Actually, the subjects checked for the "pure"
scientific reader represent a bare minimum. Any-
one who is or expects to be in a mixed environment
should read the entire manual.
SUMMARY OF THE USERIS GUIDE
The Installation Phase
The following listing of the material in this Guide
reflects the major grouping of installation events
and should provide an indication of the Guide1s com-
prehensive nature. Comments have been added to
each listed item to relate the manner in which that
subject matter may be used.
• Preinstallation Planning - provides a proven
method of scheduling and reviewing installation
activities, specifically tailored to the 1130 user,
Section Subsections Page
01 00 I00 03
and illustrates the points where management review
is most essential.
• Documenting Current Applications - concerns
the control and techniques that can be applied to the
documentation of existing procedures. Distinction
is made between manual operations and those already
mechanized.
• Some Preliminary Questions and Answers
Regarding Data Storage - considers the pros and
cons of using either cards or disk for data storage.
Also considers protecting your data -why and how
it should be protected.
• 1130 Application Design - includes card and
form design, record layouts, and flowcharts. The
elements of application design are made clear
through "live" illustrations, which are used through-
out. This section also aids in the selection of the
right job-oriented programming language and thus
contributes to the effectiveness of the whole installa-
tion effort.
• Program Development - devotes itself to con-
verting designs for 1130 applications into tested,
debugged machine programs. The application dis-
cussed throughout the Guide is provided to serve as
a teaching aid and time saver for the programmer.
Programming hints and aids are also provided.
• Testing Effectively - shows the methods an
installation should use in testing individual programs
and complete systems.
• Program Documentation - shows how a good
set of working documents, which a computer instal-
lation must develop, can be created during the
development phases.
• Conversion - outlines the procedures required
to perform the cutover from your present system to
the 1130.
The Operations Phase
This portion of the Guide contains several sections
of interest to users who have completed the installa-
tion phase:
• 1130 Computing System - contains a compre-
hensive description of the 1130 System and a brief
description of each component.
• 1130 Disk Monitor System - discusses the
1130 Monitor in general and leads into the more
detailed material of the next three sections.
• Job Management - covers those features of
the Monitor that help you manage the job, or unit of
work.
• Disk Management - describes the layout of
disk storage, how you may use it, and how to get
the most out of it.

Section Subsections Page
01 00 I00 04
•
Core Storage Management - outlines the
facilities the Monitor gives you to manage core
storage with the LOCAL, SOCAL and LINK overlay
systems.
• FORTRAN - General and Commercial -
covers many aspects of FORTRAN that are of inter-
est to all users, but with special emphasis on the
needs of commercial programmers. Use of the
Commercial Subroutine Package, arithmetic consid-
erations, and core-saving tips are among the major
topics covered.
• Sorting with Your 1130 - describes the sort-
ing process and some alternate approaches.
• Use of the Disk for Data Storage - describes
the way data is situated on the disk, and stresses
efficiency.
• Disk Data Files - Organization and Process-
ing - continues the previous topic, discussing the
various file organization techniques and how the
processing sequence affects the choice of organi-
ation.
• Improving Your System - Performance -
covers performance and how it is affected by (1) the
Monitor, (2) the programmer, and (3) the 1130
itself. Three case studies are presented to illus-
trate various approaches to improving through-
put rates and run times.

CONTENTS
Section 01: Reader's Guide
Section 02: Table of Contents
Section 05: Preinstallation Planning
Section Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 05. 00. 00
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 05.01.00
General Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 05.10.00
Application and Conversion Planning. .. 05.20.00
Programming Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 05.30.00
Section 10: Documenting Current
Applications
Section Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10. 00. 00
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10. 01. 00
Documentation of Manual Systems. . . .. 10.10.00
Documentation of Punched Card
Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.20.00
Accounting Controls ................. 10.30.00
Survey Questionnaires ............... 10.40.00
Billing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.40.10
Accounts Receivable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.40.20
Sales Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.40.30
Inventory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10. 40. 40
Accounts Payable .................. 10.40.50
Payroll ........................... 10.40.60
Manual System Documentation Example-
Payroll. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.50.00
Introduction ....................... 10. 50. 01
Job Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.50.10
Survey Form ...................... 10.50.20
Sample Documents ................. 10.50.30
Systems Flowchart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.50.40
Section 15: Some Preliminary Questions
and Answers Regarding
Data Storage
Section Contents. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 15.00.00
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.01. 00
Data -- On Disk or Cards? ........... 15.10.00
General Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.10.01
Flexibility in Order of Processing ... 15.10.10
Jobs Involving More than One File ... 15.10.20
Frequency of Changes to Your File. .. 15.10.30
Need for Inquiry into Your File. . . . .. 15.10.40
Size of Your Data File. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.10.50
Your Backup Requirements. . . . . . . . .. 15.10.60
Record Size ....................... 15.10.70
Other Considerations.......... ..... 15.10.80
Summary. .... .. ......... . ......... 15.10.90
Section Subsections Page
02 00 I00 01
How to Safeguard Your Disk Data
Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.20.00
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.20.01
Know Your Data ...................... 15.20.10
Know What Can Happen to Your Data. . .. 15.20.20
Design an Accident-Insensitive
System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . .. 15.20.30
Detect Errors Before They Do
Damage ............................ 15.20.40
Plan Modest-Size, Modular
Programs .......................... 15.20.50
Always Back Up Your Disk Files with
a Duplicate Copy .................... 15.20.60
Provide Tested and Documented
Recovery Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.20.70
Section 20: 1130 Application Design
Section Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.00.00
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.01. 00
Accounting Controls ................. 20.10.00
Review of Accounting Control
Principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.10.10
More Specific Suggestions for
Document and Accounting Controls. .. 20.10.20
Form Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20. 20. 00
1130 Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.20.10
Form Design Principles ............ 20.20.20
Card Design ................... o'.... 20.30.00
1130 Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.30.10
Card Design Principles. .. . . . . . . . . .. 20.30.20
Design of Disk Data Files ............ 20.40.00
Introduction ....................... 20.40.01
Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.40.10
Field Size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.40.20
Data Sequence ..................... 20.40.30
File Organization .................. 20.40.40
Record Format and Blocking. . .. .. .. 20.40.50
File Processing. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.40.60
File Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.40.70
Payroll Example .................... 20.50.00
Narrative ......................... 20.50.10
Card Forms and Console Keyboard
Input. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.50.20
Console Printer and Line Printer
Forms for Output. .. . .. . . . .. . . .. ... 20.50.30
Disk Record Formats .............. 20.50.40
System Flowchart. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. 20.50.50
Language Selection .................. 20.60.00
Introduction ....................... 20.60.01
Programming Languages. . . . . . . . . . .. 20. 60. 10

Section Subsections Page
02 00 J 00 02
Application Programs ............. .
Which Programming Language or
Application Program Should You
Use? ............................ .
Section 25: Program Development
Section Contents .................... .
Introduction ....................... .
Programming and Documentation
Standards ......................... .
Program Change Authorization ...... .
Programming Aids ................. .
Documenting Variable Usage ....... .
Modular Programming ............ .
Programming Examples .•...........
Introduction ...................... .
Example 1: File Creation ......... .
Example 2: Add Name to the File .. .
Example 3: Changes to the File .... .
Example 4: Calculations and
Payroll Register ....•..............
Example 5: Check Writing ......... .
Example 6: Check Register ........ .
Example 7: 941 Report. ........... .
Section 30: Testing Effectively
Section Contents ................... .
Introduction ....................... .
Testing Strategy ................... .
Testing Tactics .................... .
Testing Hints ..•....................
Summary .......................... .
Section 35: Program Documentation
Section Contents .................... .
Introduction ........................ .
Installation Manuals ................ .
Program Information Manual ....... .
Operation Manual ................. .
Documentation Examples ............ .
Payroll System -- Program
Information Manual .............•..
Payroll System -- Operation
Manual ........................... .
Section 40: Conversion
Section Contents ................... .
Introduction ....................... .
Planning for Conversion ............ .
Preparing for Conversion ........... .
Conversion Methods . 0 •••••••••••••••
Section 45: 1130 Computing System
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Section Contents .................... 45.00.00
Introduction ........................ 45. 01. 00
The 1131 CPU ...................... .
Console Printer and Keyboard ..... .
Data Switches .................... .
Console Display Lamps ........... .
Disk Storage ....................... .
Printers .......................... ,.
Card Readers and Punches .......... .
Paper Tape Readers and Punches .... .
Plotter ............................ .
Graphic Display .................... .
Optical Readers .................... .
Storage Access Channel ............ .
Teleprocessing .................... .
The 1130 Configurator .............. .
Section 50: 1130 Disk Monitor System
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General.................. . ......... 50.01.00
Section 55: The Monitor - Job Management
Section Contents .................... 55.00.00
Introduction ....................... .
Job and Subjob ...... " ............. .
Stacked Jobs or the Input Stream ..... .
Disk Cartridge ID Checking ......... .
55.01.00
55.10.00
55.20.00
55.30.00
Section 60: The Monitor - Disk Management
Section Contents .................... 60.00.00
Introduction ....................... .
Disk Storage Layout ................ .
Introduction ........... " ......... .
Cylinder 0 ....................... .
IBM
Systems Area ................ .
Working Storage (WS) ............. .
User Area (UA) .................. .
Fixed Area (FX) .................. .
Summary ......................... .
Increasing the Amount of Space Avail-
able to the User .................... .
Introduction ...................... .
How
Much Room Do I Have? ....... .
How
Can I Make More Space
Available? ....................... .
Summary ......................... .
The Disk Utility Program ........... .
Introduction ...................... .
Format of Material on the Disk .... .
The Most Commonly Used DUP
Functions ........................ .
Special Options -- Multiple Disk
1130 Users ....................... .
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Section 65: The Monitor-Core Storage Management
Section Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 65. 00. 00
Introduction ........................ 65. 01. 00

The Logical Layout of Core Storage. .. 65.10.00
Basic ............................ .
Flipper ...............•....•......
SOCAL Area ..................... .
LOCAL Area ..................... .
Program or LINK Area ........... .
COMMON Area ................... .
Unused Area ..................... .
Summary .......................... .
Section 70: 1130 FORTRAN and the
Commercial Subroutines
Section Contents ................... .
Introduction ....................... .
Arithmetic Considerations ...•.......
General .......................... .
Integer Mode ...........•..........
Real Mode ....................... .
Decimal Mode .................... .
Summary ........................ .
Overlapped Input/Output ............ .
Introduction ....•..................
The Commerical Subroutine Package
Overlapped I/O Subroutine ......... .
Using the Overlapped I/O System ... .
The Interaction of Arithmetic and 1/0 ..
Character Handling Techniques ...... .
General .......................... .
Code
Conversion ................. .
Other Character Handling
Techniques ....................... .
FOR TRAN Core Saving Tips ........ .
General .......................... .
Reducing Program Size ............ .
Reducing Subroutine Requirements .. .
FOR TRAN Execution Times ......... .
Processing ...................... .
Summary and Conclusion .......... .
Section 75: Sorting with Your 1130
Section Contents ................... .
Introduction ....................... .
Some Preliminary Information ...... .
Alternate Approaches ............... .
Use of File Organization .......... .
Sorting Offline .......•.............
Methods of Sorting ................ .
Introduction ..............•........
Internal Sorting Methods ........... .
External Sorting Methods .......... .
A
Detailed Look at an 1130 Record
Sort .............................. .
Summary .......................... .
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Section 80: Use of the Disk for Data
Storage
Section Contents ................... .
General .. , ........................ .
The Physical, or Hardware,
Structure of the Disk ............... .
The Disk As Seen by the FORTRAN
Programmer •......................
The Interrelationship of the Physical
and Logical Structures .............. .
The DE FINE FILE Statement ...... .
The *STOREDATA and *FILES
Cards ........................... .
Record Lengths and Sector
Utilization ......................... .
A
Trick to Get Long Records and/or
Better Packing ................... .
Computing Record Length ........... .
Shortening Record Length ........... .
Some Examples of Disk File Layout .. .
Example 1 ..........•.............
Example 2 ..........•.............
Example 3 ..........•..•..........
Section 85: Disk Data Files --
Organization and Processing
Section Contents .........•..........
General ........................... .
Organization ........•....•...... 0 •••
General .......................... .
Pure Sequential .......•.......•...
Indexed Sequential ................ .
Direct, or Random, Organizations .. .
Processing ..............•..........
The Interaction of Organization and
Processing ........................ .
Introduction ............•..........
Choosing the Organization ......... .
Section 90: Improving Your System --
Performance
Section Contents ................... .
General ........................... .
The Role of the Monitor ............ .
General ...........•...............
The Effect of the Monitor on
Performance .•........•...........
The Role of the Programmer ........ .
Planning for Performance ......... .
Organizing for Performance --
How to Use LOCAL's ............. .
Programming for Performance .... .
The Role of the 1130 Hardware ..•....
00 03
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02 00 I 00 04
General .......................... 90.30.01
Productive Time That Cannot Be
Improved by Hardware Changes 90.30.10
Productive Time That Can Be
Improved by Hardware Changes 90.30.20
Nonproductive Time That Can Be
Reduced by Hardware Changes ...... 90.30.30
Some Case Studies of Performance
Improvements .....•................
General .......•...................
Case I .......................... .
Case II .......................... .
Case III ..........•...............
Summary ........................ .
90.40.00
90.40.01
90.40.10
90.40.20
90.40.30
90.40.40

Section 05: PREINSTALLATION PLANNING
CONTENTS
Introduction ....••.•..•.•.•••••••.••.
General Planning ...........•........
Application and Conversion Planning .. .
Programming Planning .............. .
05.01. 00
05.10.00
05.20.00
05.30.00
Section
05
Subsections Page
00 I 00 01

INTRODUCTION
Now that your 1130 computing system is on order,
what should you do next? When the 1130 computing
system was proposed, mention was made that it
could perform both scientific and commercial jobs.
Some typical commercial jobs that may have been
considered at that time are:
• Payroll (used as an example later in the
manual) and labor distribution
• Accounts receivable
• Accounts payable
• Sales analysis
• Inventory control
Planning the use of the 1130 for specific applica-
tions such as the above leads to other questions that
Section Subsections
Page
05
01
I 00
01
need answers. How will the personnel for your
installation be selected? When will your applica-
tions be implemented on the 1130? How will this
job of implementation be carried to completion? In
other words, you need a plan to carry out the in-
stallation of this new system.
In answer to the first question, selection of
personnel, your IBM representative can supply you
with the Programmer's Aptitude Test, which will
help you with some of the selection. (It may be that
you will find these people in your company, but you
may also find it necessary to hire someone outside.)
The second and third questions, when will the
implementation be done and how, may be answered
by your general (installation) plan, which is dis-
cussed next.

Section Subsections Page
05
10 I
00 01
GENERAL PLANNING
The General Installation Plan is made up of two
items: the Activity List (Figure 05.1) and the
Activity Time Estimates (Figure 05.2)
Your Activity List contains the major areas of
concentration. It answers the questions "who" and
"what". Your Activity Time Estimates answers
the question "when". However, you still do not
have enough detail.
Before going into more detail, go back and be
sure the two lists are fully understood.
The Activity List contains the major installation
activities you need to complete a successful instal-
lation. The first two areas, Installation Organiza-
tion and Document Current Processes, although not
end products, are most important. They are the
foundation of your installation. The remaining
items on the list are:
• Application Design
• Operations Planning
• Physical Planning
• Conversion and Applications Complete
• Evaluation
These will go smoothly if you ensure that the
first two areas are complete.
Your Activity Time Estimates makes this point
clear; notice that the early parts of your installation
efforts, as mentioned previously, must all have
start dates. If your foundation is firm and on
schedule, the later installation activities will also
be smooth and on schedule.
The later installation activities require more
detail. You may find these items helpful in planning
applications other than those listed.
GENERAL INSTALLATION PLAN
ACTIVITY LIST
Installation Organization
Select personnel:
Management
Programmers
Operators
Education
Train management
Train programmers
Train operators
Document Current Processes
Document current:
Payroll and labor distribution procedures
Accounts receivable procedures
Accounts payable procedures
Sales analysis procedures
I nventory control procedures
Determine 1130 documentation standards
Schedule application development and conversion
Management review
Application Design
Application
development:
Payroll and labor distribution
Accounts receivable
Accounts payable
Sales analysis
I nventory control
Convert:
Payroll files
Accounts receivable files
Accounts payable files
I nventory files
Operation Planning
Establish
operating schedules and procedures
Physical Planning
Physical
layout
Management review
Order cables
Physical
alterations
System Delivered
Conversion
and Applications Complete
Entire Systems Evaluation
Figure 05. 1.

Section Subsections Page
05
10
I00 02
APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ACTIVITY TIME ESTIMATES
"Must" Original Schedule Revised Revised
Duration Start (5) or
Dates Dates # 1 Dates # 2
in Finish
IF)
Activity
Weeks Date
Start Finish
Start Finish Start Finish
Figure 05.2.

Section
Subsections
Page
05 20 I 00
01
APPLICA TION AND CONVERSION PLANNING
Figure 05.3 is the Activity List for your Applica-
tion Development Plan. This corresponds to the
Activity List for your General Installation Plan.
Similarly, Figure 05.4 is the Activity Time Esti-
mates for your Application Development Plan.
The Application Development Plan is, in general,
composed of three items:
1. Analysis
a. Review of present system
b. Designing reports and card layouts
c. Flowcharting
2. Evaluation
a. Establishinent of controls
b. Management review
3. Programming of the application
The most important steps in this process are,
once more, the earliest: Analysis and Evaluation.
If these items are complete, that is, if the indiv-
iduals and groups involved agree with what you
propose, the remainder of the installation effort
will be relatively free from serious problems.
Figures 05.5 and 05.6 are, respectively, the
Activity List and Activity Time Estimates for the
Conversion Plan.
Notice that the discussion of the Application
Development Plan so far has not included program-
ming. The question, how will the programming be
carried to completion, will be discussed next.

APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ACTIVITY LIST
For each application:
Review present system
Design reports and card layouts
Flowchart
Establish controls
Management review
*Program development
*Further detail
Figure 05.3.
Duration
in
Activity
Weeks
Payroll and Labor
Distribution
Review present system
2.0
Design reports and
card
layouts
2.0
Flowchart
1.5
Establish controls
1.0
Management review 1.0
*Program development
7.0
Accounts Receivable
Review present system 1.5
Design reports and
card
layouts
2.0
Flowchart
1.0
Establish controls
1.5
Management review 1.0
*Program development 5.0
Accounts Payable
Review present system
.5
Design reports and
card
layouts
2.0
Flowchart
1.0
Establish
controls
.5
Management review 1.0
*Program development
6.0
Sales Analysis
Review present system 1.0
Design reports and
card
layouts
1.0
Flowchart
1.0
Establish controls
.5
Management review 1.0
*Program development
4.0
I nventory Control
Review present system 1.0
Design reports and
card
layouts
2.0
Flowchart
2.0
Establish controls
.5
Management review 1.0
*Program development
7.0
* Further detail (Figure 05.8)
Figure 05.4.
Section
Subsections
Page
05
20 I 00
02
APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ACTIVITY TIME ESTIMATES
"Must"
Original Schedule Revised Revised
Start (S) or Dates Dates # 1 Dates
#2
Finish (F)
Date
Start Finish
Start
Finish
Start
Finish

Section
05
Subsections
Page
20 I 00
03
CONVERSION PLAN
ACTIVITY LIST
For each application (where applicable):
Develop conversion procedures
Train conversion personnel
Convert files
Parallel or pilot run
Train other departments
Figure 05.5
Duration
in
Activity
Weeks
Develop data preparation and
card punching procedures 1.0
Develop conversion control
plans and procedures
1.0
Train conversion personnel
2.0
Convert payroll and labor
distribution files
2.0
Convert accounts receivable
files 4.0
Convert accounts payable files 4.0
Convert inventory files
6.0
Train other departments --
ali applications
4.0
Parallel runs -- payroll and
labor
distribution
4.0
Parallel runs -- accounts
receivable 4.0
Parallel runs -- accounts
payable 4.0
Parallel runs --
inventory
control
2.0
TOTAL CONVERSION
10.0
Figure 05.6.
CONVERSION PLAN
ACTIVITY TIME ESTIMATES
"Must"
Original Schedule Revised Revised
Start (S) or
Dates Dates # 1 Dates # 2
Finish (F)
Date Start Finish Start Finish Start Finish
(F) - 4/8/68

PROGRAMMING PLANNING
The Activity List and Activity Time Estimates for
the Program Development Plan (Figures 05.7 and
05.8 respectively) complete the planning.
This is the detailed level of planning on which
your installation depends. For this reason you must
have control over the progress of these activities.
The Progress Charts for Program Development
(Figure 05.9) will provide the necessary control.
Used in conjunction with the Activity Time Esti-
mates for the Program Development Plan, these
charts show you, at all times, the progress of
your installation effort. You can determine whether
it is ahead of schedule, on schedule, or behind
schedule and requiring action.
Section
05
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ACTIVITY LIST
For each application:
Define
program
Flowchart
Code
Desk-check and list
Prepare test data
Test
Production test
Subsections
30 I00
Complete program documentation
Figure 05. 7.
Page
01

Section
Subsections Page
05
30
I
00
02
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ACTIVITY TIME ESTIMATES
"Must"
Original Schedule Revised Revised
Duration
Start (S) or
Dates* Dates # 1* Dates #
2*
in Finish (F)
Activity
Weeks Date
Start
Finish
Start
Finish
Start
Finish
Define
PAY 01 (Payroll)
.1
Flowchart PAY 01
.1
Code PAY 01
.1
Desk-check, list PAY 01
.1
Test data PAY 01
.1
Test PAY 01 .2
Production test PAY 01
.2
Complete documentation PAY 01
.2
Define PAY 02 (Payroll)
1.0
Flowchart PA Y 02
.5
Code PAY 02
.8
Desk-check, list PAY 02
.2
Test data
PAY 02
.2
Test
PAY 02
1.0
Production test PAY 02
1.0
Complete documentation PAY 02
.5
Define PAY 03 (Payroll)
.5
Flowchart PAY 03
.2
Code PAY 03
.5
Desk-check,
list PAY 03
.1
Test data PAY 03
.1
Test PAY 03
.2
Production test PAY 03
.2
Complete docu mentation PAY 03
.2
Define
PAY 04 (Payroll)
.5
Flowchart PAY 04
.2
Code PAY 04
.5
Desk-check,
list PAY 04
.1
Test data PAY 04
.2
Test PAY 04
.2
Production test PAY 04
.2
Complete documentation PAY 04
.2
Define PAY 05 (Payroll)
.5
Flowchart PAY 05
.2
Code PAY 05
.5
Desk-check, list PAY 05
.1
Test data PAY 05
.2
Test PAY 05
.2
Production test PAY 05
.2
Complete documentation PAY 05
.2
Define
PAY 06 (Payroll)
.5
Flowchart PAY 06
.2
Code PAY 06
.5
Desk-check,
list PAY 06
.1
Test data PAY 06
.2
Test PAY 06
.2
Production test PAY 06
.2
Complete documentation PAY 06
.2
Define PAY 07 (Payroll)
.5
Flowchart PAY 07
.2
Code PAY 07
.5
Desk-check, list PAY 07
.1
Test data PAY 07
.2
Test PAY 07
.2
Production test PAY 07
.2
Complete documentation PAY 07
.2
*Only one start and finish date should be supplied for each program being developed.
Figure 05.8 (Sheet 1 of 5).

Section
Subsections
Page
05
30
I
00
03
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ACTIVITY TIME ESTIMATES
"Must'" Original Schedule Revised Revised
Duration
Stant (S) or
Dates* Diltes #
1*
Dates # 2'
in Finish ('F)
Activity
Weeks Date Stant Fi'n,istl
Start
Finish
Start Finish
Define PAY 08 (Payroll) .5
Flowchart PAY 08
.3
Code PAY 08
.5
Desk-check, list PAY 08
.1
Test data PAY 08
.2
Test PAY 08
.2
Product test PAY 08
.2
Complete documentation PAY 08
.1
Define PLD 01 (Labor Dist.)
.8
Flowchart PLD 01
.5
Code PLD 01
.5
Desk-check, list PLD 01
.2
Test data PLD 01
.3
Test PLD 01
.5
Production test PLD 01
.2
Complete documentation PLD 01
.2
Define PLD 02 (Labor Dist.) .5
Flowchart PLD 02
.2
Code PLD 02
.5
Desk-check, list PLD 02
.1
Test data PLD 02
.2
Test PLD 02
.2
Production test PLD 02
.2
Complete documentation PLD 02
.2
Define AR 01 (Accts Rec)
.1
Flowchart AR 01
.1
Code AR 01
.1
Desk-check, list AR 01
.1
Test data AR 01
.1
Test AR 01
.2
Production test AR 01
.2
Complete documentation AR 01
.2
Define AR 02 (Accts Rec)
.8
Flowchart AR 02
.5
Code AR 02
.5
Desk-check, list AR 02
.2
Test data AR 02
.3
Test AR 02
.5
Production test AR 02
.2
'Complete documentation A R 02
.2
Define AR 03 (Accts Reel 1.0
Flowchart AR 03
1.0
Code AR 03
.7
Desk-check, list AR 03
.2
Test data AR 03
.2
Test AR 03
1.0
Production test AR 03
1.0
Complete documentation AR 03
.2
Define AR 04 (Accts Rec) .5
Flowchart AR 04
.2
Code AR 04
.4
Desk-check, list AR 04
.1
Test data AR 04
.1
Test AR 04
.5
Production test AR 04
.5
Complete documentation AR 04
.2
*Only one start and finish date should be supplied for each program being developed.
Figure 05.8 (Sheet 2 of 5).