Javad DELTAGNSS Receiver User manual

All contents in this manual are copyrighted by JAVAD GNSS.
All rights reserved.The information contained herein may not be used, accessed, copied,
stored, displayed, sold, modified, published, or distributed, or otherwise reproduced without express
written consent from JAVAD GNSS.
DELTA
GNSS Receiver
Operator’s Manual
Version 1.4
Last Revised May 4, 2009

www.javad.com

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Terms and Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
WEEE Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Manual Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Screen Captures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Return Material Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Chapter 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.1. Principles of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
1.1.1. GNSS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
1.1.2. Calculating Absolute Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
1.1.3. Calculating Differential Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
1.1.4. Essential Components for Quality Measuring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
1.2. Getting Acquainted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
1.2.1. DELTA Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
TriPad. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Data and Power Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.2.2. Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.2.3. Literature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
1.2.4. Storage Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
1.3. Option Authorization File (OAF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Chapter 2. Pre-measuring Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.1. Installing JAVAD GNSS Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
2.2. Powering the Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
2.2.1. Turning On/Off the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
2.3. Connecting the Receiver and a Computer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

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2.3.1. Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.3.2. Establishing a USB Cable Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.4. Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Chapter 3. Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.1. Configuring the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2. DELTAD Systems Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.2.1. Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.2.2. Antennas setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.2.3. How to Work with DELTAD-G2/G2D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Heading and Pitch Angles Determination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Standalone Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Differentially corrected setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Unit Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Angle messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.3. TriPad Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Chapter 4. Setup and Measuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.1. Receiver Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.1.1. External Antenna Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.1.2. Measure Antenna Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.2. TriPad Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.3. Static Measuring for Base Stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.4. Kinematic (Stop & Go) Measuring for Rover Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.5. Real Time Kinematic Measuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Chapter 5. Receiver and File Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
5.1. Downloading Files to a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
5.2. Deleting Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.3. Managing Receiver Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.3.1. Checking an OAF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5.3.2. Loading OAFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
5.4. Managing Receiver Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
5.5. Clearing the NVRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
5.5.1. Using TriPad to Clear NVRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
5.5.2. Using TriVU to Clear NVRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

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5.6. Checking Firmware Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
5.7. Loading New Firmware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Chapter 6. Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.1. Check This First!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
6.2. Receiver Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
6.3. Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Appendix A. Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
A.1. Receiver Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
A.1.1. General Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
A.1.2. GNSS Board Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
A.2. Connector Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Power Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Serial RS-232C Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
USB Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Ethernet Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
RS422 and CAN Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
GNSS External Antenna RF Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
EVENT and 1PPS Connectors (Optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Appendix B. Safety Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
General Warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Usage Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
Appendix C. Warranty Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

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Preface
Terms and Conditions
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PREFACE
Thank you for purchasing this product. The materials available in this Manual (the “Manual”)
have been prepared by JAVAD GNSS, Inc. (“JAVAD GNSS”) for owners of JAVAD GNSS
products. It is designed to assist owners with the use of the DELTA receiver and its use is subject
to these terms and conditions (the “Terms and Conditions”).
Note: Please read these Terms and Conditions carefully.
Terms and Conditions
USE – JAVAD GNSS receivers are designed to be used by a professional. The user is expected to
have a good knowledge and understanding of the user and safety instructions before operating,
inspecting or adjusting. Always wear the required protectors (safety shoes, helmet, etc.) when
operating the receiver.
COPYRIGHT – All information contained in this Manual is the intellectual property of, and
copyrighted material of JAVAD GNSS. All rights are reserved. You may not use, access, copy,
store, display, create derivative works of, sell, modify, publish, distribute, or allow any third party
access to, any graphics, content, information or data in this Manual without JAVAD GNSS’
express written consent and may only use such information for the care and operation of your
DELTA. The information and data in this Manual are a valuable asset of JAVAD GNSS and are
developed by the expenditure of considerable work, time and money, and are the result of original
selection, coordination and arrangement by JAVAD GNSS.
TRADEMARKS – DELTA™, JAVAD GNSS®are trademarks or registered trademarks of
JAVAD GNSS. Windows®is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation; Bluetooth®word
mark is owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. Product and company names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective owners.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY – EXCEPT FOR ANY WARRANTIES IN THIS MANUAL
OR A WARRANTY CARD ACCOMPANYING THE PRODUCT, THIS MANUAL AND THE
DELTA RECEIVER ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS.” THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES.
JAVAD GNSS DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE. JAVAD GNSS AND ITS
DISTRIBUTORS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OR

Preface
Terms and Conditions
8www.javad.com
OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS
MATERIAL OR THE DELTA RECEIVER. SUCH DISCLAIMED DAMAGES INCLUDE BUT
ARE NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF TIME, LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF DATA, LOSS OF
PROFIT, SAVINGS OR REVENUE, OR LOSS OF THE PRODUCT'S USE. IN ADDITION,
JAVAD GNSS IS NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OR COSTS INCURRED
IN CONNECTION WITH OBTAINING SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE,
CLAIMS BY OTHERS, INCONVENIENCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS. IN ANY EVENT,
JAVAD GNSS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OR OTHERWISE TO YOU
OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE
DELTA RECEIVER.
LICENSE AGREEMENT – Use of any computer programs or software supplied by JAVAD
GNSS or downloaded from a JAVAD GNSS website (the “Software”) in connection with the
DELTA receiver constitutes acceptance of these Terms and Conditions in this Manual and an
agreement to abide by these Terms and Conditions. The user is granted a personal, non-exclusive,
non-transferable license to use such Software under the terms stated herein and in any case only
with a single DELTA or single computer. You may not assign or transfer the Software or this
license without the express written consent of JAVAD GNSS. This license is effective until
terminated. You may terminate the license at any time by destroying the Software and Manual.
JAVAD GNSS may terminate the license if you fail to comply with any of the Terms or
Conditions. You agree to destroy the Software and manual upon termination of your use of the
DELTA receiver. All ownership, copyright and other intellectual property rights in and to the
Software belong to JAVAD GNSS. If these license terms are not acceptable, return any unused
software and manual.
CONFIDENTIALITY – This Manual, its contents and the Software (collectively, the
“Confidential Information”) are the confidential and proprietary information of JAVAD GNSS.
You agree to treat JAVAD GNSS' Confidential Information with a degree of care no less stringent
that the degree of care you would use in safeguarding your own most valuable trade secrets.
Nothing in this paragraph shall restrict you from disclosing Confidential Information to your
employees as may be necessary or appropriate to operate or care for the DELTA receiver. Such
employees must also keep the Confidentiality Information confidential. In the event you become
legally compelled to disclose any of the Confidential Information, you shall give JAVAD GNSS
immediate notice so that it may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy.
WEBSITE; OTHER STATEMENTS – No statement contained at the JAVAD GNSS website (or
any other website) or in any other advertisements or JAVAD GNSS literature or made by an
employee or independent contractor of JAVAD GNSS modifies these Terms and Conditions
(including the Software license, warranty and limitation of liability).

Preface
WEEE Directive
9www.javad.com
SAFETY – Improper use of the DELTA receiver can lead to injury to persons or property and/or
malfunction of the product. The DELTA receiver should only be repaired by authorized JAVAD
GNSS warranty service centers. Users should review and heed the safety warnings in Appendix
B on page 87.
MISCELLANEOUS – The above Terms and Conditions may be amended, modified,
superseded, or canceled, at any time by JAVAD GNSS. The above Terms and Conditions will be
governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of California, without
reference to conflict of laws.
WEEE Directive
The following information is for EU-member states only:
The use of the symbol indicates that this product may not be treated as household waste. By
ensuring this product is disposed of correctly, you will help prevent potential negative
consequences for the environment and human health, which could otherwise be caused by
inappropriate waste handling of this product. For more detailed information about the take-back
and recycling of this product, please contact your supplier where you purchased the product or
consult.

Preface
Declaration of Conformity
10 www.javad.com
Declaration of Conformity
Cesky
[Czech] JAVAD GNSS tímto prohlašuje, že tento DELTA Receiver je ve shodì se základními požadavky a dalšími pøíslušnými ustanoveními smìrnice
1999/5/ES.
Dansk
[Danish] Undertegnede JAVAD GNSS erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr DELTA Receiver overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante
krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Deutsch
German] Hiermit erklärt JAVAD GNSS, dass sich das Gerät DELTA Receiver in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den
übrigen einschlägigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG
befindet.
Eesti
[Estonian] Käesolevaga kinnitab JAVAD GNSS seadme DELTA Receiver vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist
tulenevatele teistele asjakohastele sätetele.
English Hereby, JAVAD GNSS, declares that this DELTA Receiver is in
compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant
provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
Español
[Spanish] Por medio de la presente JAVAD GNSS declara que el DELTA Receiver cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones
aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Ελληνική
[Greek]
ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ JAVAD GNSS ∆ΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΤΙ DELTA Receiver
ΣΥΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΤΑΙ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΙΣ ΟΥΣΙΩ∆ΕΙΣ ΑΠΑΙΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ
ΤΙΣ ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΕΣ ∆ΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ Ο∆ΗΓΙΑΣ 1999/5/ΕΚ.
Francais
[French] Par la présente JAVAD GNSS déclare que l'appareil DELTA Receiver est conforme auxexigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions
pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE.
Italiano
[Italian] Con la presente JAVAD GNSS dichiara che questo DELTA Receiver è conforme ai
requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla
direttiva 1999/5/CE.
Latviski
[Latvian] Ar šo JAVAD GNSS deklare, ka DELTA Receiver atbilst Direktivas 1999/5/EK butiskajam prasibam un citiem ar to saistitajiem
noteikumiem.
Lietuviu
[Lithuanian] ŠiuoJAVAD GNSS deklaruoja, kad šis DELTA Receiver atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
Nederlands
[Dutch] Hierbij verklaart JAVAD GNSS dat het toestel DELTA Receiver in overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante
bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.

Preface
Declaration of Conformity
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Malti
[Maltese] Hawnhekk, JAVAD GNSS, jiddikjara li dan DELTA Receiver jikkonforma mal-.ti.ijiet essenzjali u ma provvedimenti o.rajn relevanti
li hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/5/EC.
Magyar
[Hungarian] Alulírott, JAVAD GNSS nyilatkozom, hogy a DELTA Receiver megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EC
irányelv egyéb elõírásainak.
Polski
[Polish] Niniejszym JAVAD GNSS oświadcza, że DELTA Receiver jest zgodny z zasadniczymi wymogami oraz pozostałymi stosownymi
postanowieniami Dyrektywy 1999/5/EC.
Portugues
[Portuguese] JAVAD GNSS declara que este DELTA Receiver está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Slovensko
[Slovenian] JAVAD GNSS izjavlja, da je ta DELTA Receiver v skladu z bistvenimi zahtevami in ostalimi relevantnimi doloèili direktive 1999/5/ES.
Slovensky
[Slovak] JAVAD GNSS týmto vyhlasuje, že DELTA Receiver spåòa základné požiadavky a všetky príslušné ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/ES.
Suomi
[Finnish] JAVAD GNSS vakuuttaa täten että DELTA Receiver tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien
direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen.
Svenska
[Swedish] Härmed intygar JAVAD GNSS att denna DELTA Receiver står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga
relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
Íslenska
[Icelandic] Hér með lýsir JAVAD GNSS yfir því að DELTA Receiver er í samræmi við grunnkröfur og aðrar kröfur, sem gerðar eru í tilskipun 1999/5/EC.
Norsk
[Norwegian] JAVAD GNSS erklærer herved at utstyret DELTA Receiver er i samsvar med de grunnleggende krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/
EF.

DECLARATION of CONFORMITY
According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and EN45014
European contact for regulatory topics only: ALLSAT GmbH Am Hohen Ufer 3A, 30159 Hannover, Germany
USA contact: Javad GNSS, Inc 1731 Technology Drive, San Jose, CA 95110. Phone [phone]
San Jose, January, 14, 2008 Vladimir Zhukov, Product Regulations Manager
Manufacturer’s Name: JAVAD GNSS, Inc
Manufacturer’s Address: 1731 Technology Drive
San Jose, CA 95110
USA
declares, that the products
Product Name: DELTA GNSS Receivers
Product Number: 01-580300-01, 01-580301-01, 01-580302-01, 01-58030X-01
Product Options: All
conforms to the following Product Specification:
Safety:
Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC IEC 60950: 1999 3rd Edition / EN 60950-1:2001
EMC:
Directive 89/336/EEC EN 301 489 – 1, EN 301 444
Supplementary Information:
The product herewith complies with the essential requirements of the directive 1999/5/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 9March 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunications terminal equipment (R&TTE) and the mutual recognition of their conformity
and carries the CE marking accordingly
1) These products were tested in a typical configuration with JAVAD GNSS, Inc. products

Preface
Manual Conventions
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Manual Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions:
Note: Supplementary information that can have an affect on system operation, system performance,
measurements, or personal safety.
C AUTION : Notification that an action has the potential to adversely affect system operation, system per-
formance, data integrity, or personal health.
Warning: Notification that an action will result in system damage, loss of data, loss of warranty, or personal
injury.
D ANGER : UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THIS ACTION BE PERFORMED.
Screen Captures
This manual includes sample screen captures. Your actual screen can look slightly different from
the sample screen due to the receiver you have connected, operating system used and settings you
have specified. This is normal and not a cause for concern.
Example Description
FileExit Click the File menu and click Exit
TriPad This format represents titles of dialog windows/boxes, names of
menu options, identifies program interface objects, such as
checkboxes, edit boxes, radio buttons, etc.
Temp This format is used to enter various string information (e.g., file and
directory names) as well as operator commands.

Preface
Technical Assistance
14 www.javad.com
Technical Assistance
If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation,
contact your local dealer. Alternatively, request technical support using the QUESTIONS system
at the JAVAD GNSS World Wide Web site: www.javad.com
Return Material Authorization
Initially, the customer contacts support to report a problem. Please refer to support: Question
section on www.javad.com. If support determines the problem cannot be resolved over e-mail/
internet, it will authorize the return of the unit for repair or replacement, depending on the nature
of the problem.

Chapter 1
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INTRODUCTION
Based on the TRIUMPH Chip, DELTA is a fully integrated package ready for your demanding
jobs, offering precise and automatic performance beyond anything that you have experienced so
far (Figure 1-1).
Figure 1-1. DELTA Receiver
DELTA can receive and processes multiple signal types (including the latest GPS L2C, GPS L5,
GLONASS C/A L2, and Galileo signals) improving the accuracy and reliability of your
measuring points and positions, especially under difficult jobsite conditions.
The GNSS component of DELTA receivers means you can access the GPS (Global Positioning
System) satellites of the United States, the Galileo (an upcoming global positioning system
maintained and operated by Galileo Industries,) and the GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite
System) satellites of the Russian Federation, increasing the number of satellites your receiver can
detect, thus improving the accuracy of your measuring points, increasing productivity, and
reducing cost.
Several other features provide under-canopy and low signal strength reception. The DELTA
receiver provides the functionality, accuracy, availability, and integrity needed for fast and easy
data collection.

Introduction
Principles of Operation
GNSS Overview
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1.1. Principles of Operation
Measuring with the right GNSS receiver can provide users accurate and precise positioning, a
requirement for any measuring project. This section gives an overview of existing and proposed
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and receiver functions to help you understand and
apply basic operating principles, allowing you to get the most out of your receiver.
1.1.1. GNSS Overview
Currently, the following three global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) offer line-of-site radio
navigation and positioning, velocity, and time services on a global, all-weather scale to any user
equipped with a GNSS tracking receiver on or near the Earth’s surface:
• GPS – the Global Positioning System maintained and operated by the United States
Department of Defense. For information on the status of this system, visit the US Naval
Observatory website (http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/) or the US Coast Guard website (http://
www.navcen.uscg.gov/).
• GLONASS – the Global Navigation Satellite System maintained and operated by the
Russian Federation Ministry of Defense. For information on the status of this system, visit
the Coordinational Scientific Information Center website (http://www.glonasscenter.ru/
frame_e.html).
• Galileo – an upcoming global positioning system maintained and operated by Galileo
Industries, a joint venture of several European space agencies/companies working closely
with the European Space Agency. Unlike GPS and GLONASS, this is a civil endeavor and
is currently in the development and validation stage. For information on the status of this
system, visit the Galileo Industries website (http://www.galileo-industries.net).
Despite numerous technical differences in the implementation of these systems, satellite
positioning systems have three essential components:
• Space – GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo satellites orbit approximately 12,000 nautical miles
above Earth and are equipped with a clock and radio. These satellites broadcast ranging
signals and various digital information (ephemerides, almanacs, time&frequency
corrections, etc.).
• Control – Ground stations located around the Earth that monitor the satellites and upload
data, including clock corrections and new ephemerides (satellite positions as a function of
time), to ensure the satellites transmit data properly.
• User – The community and military that use GNSS receivers to calculate positions.

Introduction
Principles of Operation
Calculating Absolute Positions
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1.1.2. Calculating Absolute Positions
When calculating an absolute position, a stationary or moving receiver determines its three-
dimensional position with respect to the origin of an Earth-Center Earth-Fixed coordinate system.
To calculate this position, the receiver measures the distance (called pseudoranges) between it and
at least four satellites. The measured pseudoranges are corrected for clock differences (receiver
and satellites) and signal propagation delays due to atmospheric effects. The positions of the
satellites are computed from the ephemeris data transmitted to the receiver in navigation
messages. When using a single satellite system, the minimum number of satellites needed to
compute a position is four. In a mixed satellite scenario (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), the receiver
must lock onto five or more satellites to account for the different time scales used in these systems
and to obtain an absolute position.
1.1.3. Calculating Differential Positions
DGPS, or Differential GPS, is a relative positioning technique where the measurements from two
or more remote receivers are combined and processed using sophisticated algorithms to calculate
the receivers’ relative coordinates with high accuracy.
DGPS accommodates various implementation techniques that can be classified according to the
following criteria:
• The type of GNSS measurements used, either code-phase differential measurements or
carrier-phase differential measurements
• If real-time or post-mission results required Real-time applications can be further divided
according to the source of differential data and communication link used.
With DGPS in its most traditional approach, one receiver is placed at a known, measured location
and is referred to as the reference receiver or base station. Another receiver is placed at an
unknown location and is referred to as the remote receiver or rover. The reference station collects
the code-phase and carrier-phase measurements from each GNSS satellite in view.
• For real-time applications, these measurements and the reference station coordinates are
then built up to the industry standard RTCM – or various proprietary standards established
for transmitting differential data – and broadcast to the remote receiver(s) using a data
communication link. The remote receiver applies the transmitted measurement
information to its observed measurements of the same satellites.
• For post-mission applications, the simultaneous measurements from reference and rover
stations are normally recorded to the receiver’s internal memory (not sent over
communication link). Later, the data are downloaded to computer, combined, and
processed.

Introduction
Principles of Operation
Essential Components for Quality Measuring
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Using this technique, the spatially correlated errors – such as satellite orbital errors, ionospheric
errors, and tropospheric errors – can be significantly reduced, thus improving the position solution
accuracy. A number of differential positioning implementations exist, including post-processing
measuring, real-time kinematic measuring, maritime radio beacons, geostationary satellites, and
satellite based augmentation systems (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS). The real-time kinematic (RTK)
method is the most precise method of real-time measuring. RTK requires at least two receivers
collecting navigation data and communication data link between the receivers. One of the
receivers is usually at a known location (Base) and the other is at an unknown location (Rover).
The Base receiver collects carrier phase measurements, generates RTK corrections, and sends this
data to the Rover receiver. The Rover processes this transmitted data with its own carrier phase
observations to compute its relative position with high accuracy, achieving an RTK accuracy of up
to 1 cm horizontal and 1.5 cm vertical.
1.1.4. Essential Components for Quality Measuring
Achieving quality position results requires the following elements:
• Accuracy – The accuracy of a position primarily depends upon the satellite geometry
(Geometric Dilution of Precision, or GDOP) and the measurement (ranging) errors.
– Differential positioning (DGPS and RTK) strongly mitigates atmospheric and orbital
errors, and counteracts Selective Availability (SA) signals the US Department of Defense
transmits with GPS signals.
– The more satellites in view, the stronger the signal, the lower the DOP number, the
higher positioning accuracy.
• Availability – The availability of satellites affects the calculation of valid positions. The
more visible satellites available, the more valid and accurate the position. Natural and
man-made objects can block, interrupt, and distort signals, lowering the number of
available satellites and adversely affecting signal reception.
• Integrity – Fault tolerance allows a position to have greater integrity, increasing accuracy.
Several factors combine to provide fault tolerance, including:
– Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) detects faulty GNSS satellites and
removes them from the position calculation.
– Five or more visible satellites for only GPS or only GLONASS; six or more satellites for
mixed scenarios.
– Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (WAAS, EGNOS, etc.) creates and transmit,
along with DGPS corrections, data integrity information (for example, satellite health
warnings).
– Current ephemerides and almanacs.

Introduction
Getting Acquainted
DELTA Receiver
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1.2. Getting Acquainted
DELTA is a 216-channel GNSS receiver, up to three data ports, an interface for controlling and
viewing data logging (TriPad).
1.2.1. DELTA Receiver
TriPad
The TriPad is the receiver’s minimum interface used to display and control data input and output
(Figure 1-2).
Figure 1-2. DELTA TriPad
The STAT (Status) LED displays the number of tracked satellites.
• When the receiver is on and no satellites are tracked, the STAT LED will blink red.
• When satellites are tracked, the STAT LED will produce one blink for each tracked
satellite (green for GPS, orange for GLONASS).
The On/Off (power) button turns the receiver on and off.
Pressing the FN button for less than one second switches the receiver between different
information modes (normal and extended information), or between static and dynamic post-
processing modes, depending on the receiver’s configuration.
• During the first second of pressing the FN button, the REC LED is orange.
• Pressing the FN button for more than one and less than five seconds will start/stop data
recording.
• During data recording the REC LED is green or orange.
REC LED
STAT LED
FN button
ON/OFF
button

Introduction
Getting Acquainted
DELTA Receiver
20 www.javad.com
• If the REC LED is red, the receiver has run out of memory, has a hardware problem, or
contains an improper OAF (see “Option Authorization File (OAF)” on page 22 for more
information on OAFs).
• The REC LED blinks green or orange each time data is written to the internal receiver's
memory.
• Each time you turn off or on data recording, either a new file opens or data appends to a
particular file. See “Always Append to the File parameter” on page 36 and “Files Creation
Mode parameter” on page 36 for information on setting this function.
• Pressing the FN button for more than five and less than eight seconds will turn the baud
rate of serial port A to 9600. After about five seconds of pressing the FN button, the REC
LED becomes red. Release the FN button while the REC LED is red (during the next three
seconds).
• Pressing the FN button for more than eight seconds has no impact.
After loading new firmware or clearing the receiver’s NVRAM, the receiver checks its internal
file system. During this operation, the REC LED flashes orange, and the file system is not
accessible for CDU (control display unit) applications or for data recording. This operation may
require from fractions of a second to several minutes, depending on the circumstances and the
amount of internal memory.
Data and Power Ports
The DELTA receiver can be equipped according users needs and have different ports on the front
panel. Below are presented some examples of possible configurations (Figure 1-3):
Figure 1-3. DELTA Ports
• Power – used to connect the receiver to an external power source. This port can also be
used to charge the batteries. The body of the connector on the corresponding cable is red.
• Serial – used for communication between the receiver and an external device. The body of
the connector on the corresponding cable is green.
USB Serial
Ethernet
PWR