Kohler PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) Series User manual

User Manual
PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2)
Up to 80 kVA/kW

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
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All product, product specifications and data are subject to change without notice to improve reliability, function, design or otherwise.
Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd has taken every precaution to produce an accurate, complete and easy to understand specification
document and will assume no responsibility nor liability for direct, indirect or accidental personal or material damage due to any
misinterpretation of, or accidental errors, in this manual.
© 2019 Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd
This manual may not be copied or reproduced without written permission of Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd
PDF ISSUE DATE REVISION SUMMARY
TS_651_01 08/06/2020 First issue
www.kohler-ups.co.uk Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd web site
[e-mail] Service department – booking service, fault reporting etc.
[e-mail] Technical queries
[e-mail] Hardware sales
[e-mail] Extended warranty agreements etc

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
Warranty
The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) UPS is supplied with a limited warranty that the UPS and its component parts are free
from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of original commissioning, or fifteen
months from the date of original delivery, whichever is the sooner.
This warranty is the only warranty given and no other warranty, express or implied, is provided.
This warranty is invalidated if the UPS is used without having first been commissioned by a fully trained and authorised
person. This warranty does not apply to any losses or damages caused by misuse, abuse, negligence, neglect,
unauthorised repair or modification, incorrect installation, inappropriate environment, accident, act of God or inappropriate
application.
If the UPS fails to conform to the above within the warranty period then Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd will, at its sole
option, repair or replace the UPS.
All repaired or replaced parts will remain the property of Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd.
As a general policy, Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support
applications where failure or malfunction of the product can be reasonably expected to cause failure of the life support
device or to significantly affect it’s safety or effectiveness. Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd does not recommend the use
of any of its products in direct patient care. Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd will not knowingly sell its products for use in
such applications unless it receives in writing assurances satisfactory to Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd that the risks of
injury or damage have been minimized, the customer assumes all such risks and the liability of Kohler Uninterruptible
Power Ltd is adequately protected under the circumstances.
Extended Warranty
The Standard Warranty may be enhanced by protecting the UPS with an Extended Warranty Agreement (maintenance
contract). An Extended Warranty Agreement enhances the standard warranty by providing:
• Regular preventative maintenance inspections
• Guaranteed speed of response to operational problems
• 24 hour telephone support
• Fully comprehensive (excluding batteries) cover
Contact the Service Support Hotline on 0800 731 3269 (24Hr.) for further details.
Additional Service/Maintenance Support
In addition to providing support for the PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2), Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd can provide
maintenance and support of a wide range of different UPS products.
If you are interested in obtaining an extended warranty for your PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2), or require service/
maintenance support for any other UPS you may have, please contact Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd at the following
address:
CAUTION: The UPS system may contain batteries which must be re-charged for a minimum of 24 hours every
six months to prevent deep-discharging. Batteries that have been deeply-discharged, for whatever reason, are
not covered by the warranty.
Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd.
Woodgate
Bartley Wood Business Park
Hook
Hampshire
United Kingdom
RG27 9XA
Tel: [phone]
0800 731 3269 (24Hr.)
Email: [e-mail]

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20 I
Table of contents
1: Safety 1
1.1 Description of symbols used in this manual 1
1.2 User precautions 1
1.3 Declaration of Safety conformity and CE marking 2
2: General Description 3
2.1 Introduction 3
2.1.1 Reliability and quality standards 3
2.2 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) system 3
2.2.1 System configuration 3
2.2.2 Advanced Design Features 4
2.3 Functional description of operation 5
2.3.1 UPS Power module internal operation 6
2.3.2 UPS module operational states 7
2.3.3 Parallel system operation 9
2.3.4 UPS system operation 10
2.4 Component identification 12
2.5 Module control panel 14
2.5.1 Module mimic LED indicators 14
2.5.2 Operator buttons 15
2.5.3 LCD Power management display 16
2.6 PW8000DPA RI Communication interface 18
2.6.1 Introduction 18
3: Installation Planning 20
3.1 Introduction 20
3.2 Environmental and mechanical planning 20
3.2.1 Environmental considerations 20
3.2.2 Installation 21
3.3 Electrical and cabling planning 22
3.3.1 General requirements 22
3.3.2 Cable and fuse sizing 23
3.4 External maintenance bypass 29
4: Installation Procedure 30
4.1 Introduction 30
4.2 Taking receipt of the UPS 30
4.2.1 Reporting transportation damage 30
4.2.2 Local transportation 31
4.2.3 Storage 31
4.3 Unpacking 32
4.4 Mechanical installation 33
4.5 Power cabling 41
4.5.1 Safety notes 41

II TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
4.5.2 Power connections 42
4.5.3 Connecting the power cables (single-feed input) 44
4.5.4 Connecting the power cables (dual-feed input) 44
4.5.5 Connecting the UPS output cables 44
4.5.6 Connecting the battery 45
4.6 Remote monitoring and control facilities 45
4.6.1 PW8000DPA RI communications interface 45
4.7 Installation completion 45
5: Operating Instructions 46
5.1 Introduction 46
5.1.1 Operating procedure summary 46
5.1.2 General warnings 46
5.2 How to start the UPS system from a fully powered-down condition 48
5.3 Operating in ECO (on bypass) mode 50
5.3.1 How to power-up the UPS system and operate in ECO (on bypass) mode 50
5.3.2 How to transfer to ECO (on bypass) from on-line (on inverter) mode 50
5.3.3 How to transfer to on-line (on inverter) fro ECO (on bypass) mode 51
5.3.4 How to Turn OFF the UPS system when operating in ECO (on bypass) mode 51
5.4 How to transfer the load to the maintenance bypass 52
5.5 How to shut down the complete UPS system 54
6: Maintenance 55
6.1 Introduction 55
6.2 User responsibilities 55
6.3 Battery testing 55
7: Troubleshooting 56
7.1 Alarms 56
7.2 Module control panel 56
7.3 Troubleshooting table 57
7.4 Contacting service 57
8: Options 58
8.1 Customer communications 58
8.1.1 Customer control inputs (X1) 58
8.1.2 Dry port outputs (X2) 60
8.1.3 Serial RS232 Computer interface – USB & JD1 (Smart Port) 61
8.1.4 Network interface card slots 61
8.2 UPS Monitoring and automated control software 62
8.2.1 The importance of UPS management 62
8.2.2 SNMP monitoring software 62
8.2.3 WAVEMON UPS monitoring and control software 62
8.2.4 PowerREPORTER™ management software 63
9: Specification 65
9.1 Mechanical characteristics 65
9.2 UPS Module characteristics 66
9.3 Battery Characteristics 68
9.4 Communication Options 69
9.5 Standards 69

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20 1
1Safety
1.1 Description of symbols used in this manual
1.2 User precautions
WARNING: The warning symbol is used where there is danger of an electrical shock, equipment damage or
personal-injury.
CAUTION: The caution symbol is used to highlight important information to avoid possible equipment
malfunction or damage.
WARNING: Keep this manual with the UPS for future reference.
WARNING: The UPS and peripheral equipment must be installed by suitably qualified and trained personnel
who are aware of the potential shock hazards.
WARNING: Do not attempt to install this UPS system until you have read and understood ALL the safety
instructions and hazard warnings contained in this manual.
WARNING: High leakage current!
Ensure that the UPS has been correctly earthed before you connect the mains power supply
WARNING: Do not apply electrical power (AC or DC) to the UPS before it has been commissioned by a fully
trained engineer authorised by Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd.
WARNING: All servicing must be performed by a Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd approved engineer.
WARNING: Do not attempt to service the UPS yourself. You run risk of exposure to dangerous voltages if you
open or remove the UPS covers!
WARNING: Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd will assume no responsibility or liability for accidents or injuries
due to incorrect operation or manipulation of the UPS or peripheral equipment.
CAUTION: The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) is a Class A UPS product (according to EN 62040-3). In a
domestic environment the UPS may cause radio interference. In such an environment the user may be
required to undertake additional measures.

1: Safety
2TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
1.3 Declaration of Safety conformity and CE marking
The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) UPS system is designed and manufactured in accordance with Quality Management
Systems standard EN ISO 9001. The CE marking indicates conformity to the EEC Directive by the application of the
following standards in accordance with the specifications of the harmonized standards:
• 2006/95/EC Low voltage directive
• 2004/108/EC Electromagnetic Compatibility directive (EMC)
Standards as reference:
• EN-IEC 62040-1
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Part 1-1: General and safety requirements for UPS's used in accessible areas
by end users.
• EN-IEC 60950-1
IT equipment. Safety. Part 1: General requirements
• EN-IEC 62040-2
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Part 2: EMC requirements
• EN-IEC 62040-3
Uninterruptible power systems (UPS). Part 3: Performance and test requirements
• 2011/65/EU
Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS) DIRECTIVE
The supplier's responsibility is excluded if the customer modifies, or intervenes with, this product in any way.
Product Standards Standards
Safety EC/EN 62040-1 EC/EN 60950-1
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) IEC/EN 62040-2 (C1)
Emission cat. C3
Immunity cat. C3
IEC/EN 61000-4-2
IEC/EN 61000-4-3
IEC/EN 61000-4-4
IEC/EN 61000-4-5
IEC/EN 61000-4-6
IEC/EN 61000-4-8
IEC/EN 61000-2-2
Performance EN-IEC 62040-3
2011/65/EU
VFI-SS-111
RoHS EN50581:2012 EN50581:2012

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20 3
2General Description
2.1 Introduction
Congratulations on your purchase of the PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) UPS system.
It is widely accepted that continuous power availability is essential in today’s dynamic IT and process-reliant work
environments; however, it is equally important that any installed power protection system is sufficiently resilient and
adaptable to handle changes brought about by the introduction of new server technologies, migration and centralization.
Such demands are well met by the PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) UPS system, which provides the foundation for
continuous power availability of network-critical infrastructures both in enterprise data centres, where business continuity
has paramount importance, and in process control environments, where manufacturing continuity is essential.
2.1.1 Reliability and quality standards
The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) is a truly modular UPS system using a third generation high-power-density (HPD),
leading-edge, double-conversion design. Its advanced double conversion Voltage and Frequency Independent (VFI)
topology responds fully to the highest availability and environmentally friendly requirements compliant with IEC 62040-3
(VFI-SS-111) standards.
Kohler Uninterruptible Power Ltd specialises in the installation and maintenance of Uninterruptible Power Systems; and
this powerful UPS is just one example of our wide range of state-of-the-art power protection devices that can provide your
critical equipment with a steady and reliable power supply for many years.
2.2 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) system
The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) is a rack-independent, modular design that is available in a range of seven rack/sub-
rack assemblies comprising the UPS module(s), switch panel, battery tray(s), power connectors and a number of optional
communication facilities. The UPS modules themselves are available as either 10 kW or 20 kW units.
2.2.1 System configuration
The available rack/sub-rack configurations are described inTable 2.1 below, and illustrated in Figure 2.1.
Table 2.1 Available sub-rack configurations
Key Point: All the UPS modules fitted within a sub-rack must be of the same rating.
FRAME MAX OUTPUT BATTERY
PW8000-RI 10 20 kW (1x 20kW) External
PW8000-RI 11 20 kW (1x 20kW) Internal (1 string of 40x 12V blocks)
PW8000-RI 12 20 kW (1x 20kW) Internal (2 strings of 40x 12V blocks)
PW8000-RI 20 40 kW (2x 20kW) External
PW8000-RI 22 40 kW (2x 20kW) Internal (2 strings of 40x 12V blocks)
PW8000-RI 24 40 kW (2x 20kW) Internal (4 strings of 40x 12V blocks)
PW8000-RI 40 80 kW (4x 20kW) External

2: General Description
4TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
Figure 2.1 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) module configuration
2.2.2 Advanced Design Features
Hot swappable modules
Where the PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) frame contains two or more UPS modules – for example RI-20, RI-22, RI-24,
RI-40 – the installed modules operate in parallel, with inter-module control signals ensuring that they remain fully
synchronised to each other and the incoming mains supply, and equally share the connected load.
Thanks to the UPS module’s advanced Distributed Parallel Architecture (DPA) design, it is possible to operate a multi-
module frame with just a single module fitted and add the second/subsequent module(s) at a later date when it is
necessary to increase the system capacity to match any designed increase in load demand.
This ‘hot-swappable’ design also allows a module in a parallel-module frame to be exchanged during UPS operation
without needing to transfer the load to the bypass supply – of course this depends on the system redundancy and
prevailing load demand.
Note that the frame Type Number takes the form of ‘RI-XY’ and identifies the number of UPS module and battery sub-
racks (shelves) that are fitted to the frame. RI= Rack Installable, X= Max. No. of module, Y= Max No. of battery rows.
For example:
RI-20 has provisions for two UPS modules and no batteries.
RI-22 has provisions for two UPS modules a two battery rows.
RI-24 has provisions for two UPS modules and four battery rows.
RI-11 Frame RI-12 Frame RI-22 Frame
RI-24 Frame
1 x module
RI-10 Frame RI-20 Frame
External Batt.
1 x module
40 x 7/9Ah Batt.
1 x module
80 x 7/9Ah Batt.
2 x module
External Batt.
2 x module
80 x 7/9Ah Batt.
2 x module
160 x 7/9Ah Batt.
10kVA or 20kVA modules may be used in
RI-40 Frame
4 x module
External Batt.
each configuration but in a parallel-module
configuration every module must be of equal rating.

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20 5
2: General Description
Advanced input booster/rectifier technology
The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) UPS module’s advanced booster technology results in an input power factor of 0.99
with a harmonic content of < 3% THD(i). This enhances the system reliability and minimises the winding losses of any
generator or transformer connected to the UPS input, which in turn reduces the generator/transformer costs. It also
overcomes the need for an input harmonic filter, resulting in further savings.
Cabling and fusing costs are also reduced as a result of the high input power factor due to the low reactive power
consumption.
In summary, the benefits of the UPS module’s high input power factor are:
Flexible battery management
The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) UPS includes, as standard, a flexible battery management system that provides
intelligent battery charging and continuous battery condition monitoring. Together, these functions greatly reduce
premature battery deterioration and prolongs battery life.
The major benefits are:
• ripple-free battery charging due to an independent dc-dc charger with no connection to the rectifier and inverter
• wide range of number of 12V battery blocks; depending on the required autonomy time
• the UPS's wide input voltage operating window extends the battery life due to fewer discharge cycles
• battery discharge protection caused by load jumps
• proactive battery protection from false manipulations and inadequate charging voltages
• proactive battery failure detection thanks to Advanced Battery Diagnosis (ABD) - algorithm
• user-selectable battery tests
• optional temperature-compensated charging to enhance battery life
Decentralized Parallel Architecture (DPA)
The PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) system features Decentralized Parallel Architecture (DPA) paralleling technology that
provides N+x parallel redundancy without introducing a single-point-of-failure. Utilizing the DPA technology, each parallel
UPS module is completely autonomous, containing bypasses, CPUs, control panels and independent battery
configuration.
2.3 Functional description of operation
This section describes:
• A block-diagram level explanation of the UPS module internal operation (see paragraph 2.3.1).
• The various operational states of the UPS module (see paragraph 2.3.2).
• UPS system-level operation – ‘ON-LINE’ versus ‘OFF-LINE’ UPS system operation (see paragraph 2.3.4).
• reduced cable losses • reduced heating of transformers and generators
• no over-sizing of generators required • no false circuit breaker tripping and malfunction
• no erratic operation of sensitive connected loads • no resonance with power factor correction capacitors
• low input harmonic currents

2: General Description
6TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
2.3.1 UPS Power module internal operation
Figure 2.2 UPS module functional block diagram
UPS input/bypass mains supplies
Figure 2.2 illustrates separate UPS module input mains and bypass mains supplies. These two inputs can be connected
to separate mains power sources or linked together at the UPS input power terminal blocks and fed with a single mains
supply source. Where the UPS is cabled for separate mains inputs it is described as having a ‘split-bypass’ input;
conversely, when the two mains inputs are linked together it is described as a ‘common-bypass’ input. These terms are
used throughout this book, especially in the installation chapters.
Rectifier (PFC controlled converter)
The rectifier converts the UPS input mains to a DC power source that can satisfy the inverter power demands at 100%
load. This is possible with a UPS input mains voltage range of -20% to +15%. This wide input voltage operating range
means that the battery is not called upon during substantial power dips (brown outs), which in turn maximises the UPS
battery life and availability. The rectifier uses leading-edge switched-mode techniques that result in a module input power
factor of almost unity over its complete operating range (0.99 at full rated linear load).
DC Boost converter
The DC boost converter converts the DC voltage connected to its input, from either the rectifier or battery, to a regulated
DC voltage that is required by the inverter to operate efficiently.
Battery charger
A multi-stage battery charger, powered from the DC boost converter regulated output, charges the battery whenever the
UPS input mains supply is available and the rectifier/boost converter is turned on. The charger uses an intelligent charging
profile to obtain the best battery charge/discharge performance to optimise the battery life.
Inverter
The inverter converts the regulated DC voltage applied to its input into a sinusoidal AC output that is suitable for
connecting to the load equipment. In addition to providing output voltage regulation, the inverter control logic also provides
various levels of overload protection, frequency regulation and synchronisation, and output voltage error detection.
In a parallel-module installation (i.e. where two or more UPS modules fitted to the frame) the inverter control logic also
ensures balanced load sharing between the on-line modules together with inter-module frequency synchronisation.
Static switch
The static switch provides a means of connecting the UPS AC output directly to the unregulated bypass mains supply.
Working in conjunction with the inverter and output contactor, the static switch control logic is able to transfer the UPS AC
output (load) between the inverter and bypass supply without a break in the load supply. Load transfer between the
inverter and bypass can be selected manually from the operator control panel and takes place automatically following a
UPS fault that prevents the inverter from providing its correct output (including temporary overload situations).
AC/DC (PFC)
RECTIFIER
DC BOOST
CONVERTER
DC/AC
INVERTER
BATT. CHARGER
STATIC
SWITCH
UPS AC
Output
UPS
Bypass
Mains
UPS
Input
Mains
BATTERY
UPS MODULE
Input
Relay
Automatic
Batt. Switch
Output
Relay

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20 7
2: General Description
Note: A brief load break will occur when transferring from bypass to inverter following a bypass supply failure, or if the
bypass/inverter are not synchronised when a transfer is demanded. (See ‘Off Line Mode’ in section 2.3.4).
Automatic battery changeover switch
If the UPS mains input supply fails, or undergoes a sustained dip (brownout), the automatic battery switch will close to
connect the battery to the DC boost converter input. This enables the inverter to continue its normal operation and
maintain the UPS output load supply from battery power.
2.3.2 UPS module operational states
Under normal circumstances the UPS module will operate in one of three states: On Inverter, On Battery or ON Bypass –
these are described below.
UPS ON-INVERTER mode
Figure 2.3 illustrates the UPS ON-INVERTER mode, which is usually considered the ‘normal’ mode of operation:
• The input relay is closed.
• The rectifier and DC boost converter are turned on to supply controlled DC power to the inverter input.
• The battery charger is operational and provides controlled battery charging.
• The inverter is operational and provides an AC output.
• The output relay is closed to connect the inverter output to the UPS AC output terminals to provide the load with
processed power.
• The static switch is off.
Figure 2.3 UPS ON-INVERTER
AC/DC (PFC)
CONVERTER
DC BOOST
CONVERTER
DC/AC
INVERTER
BATT. CHARGER
STATIC
SWITCH
UPS AC
Output
UPS
Bypass
Mains
UPS
Input
Mains
BATTERY
UPS MODULE
Input
Relay
Automatic
Batt. Switch
Output
Relay

2: General Description
8TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
UPS ON-BATTERY mode
The UPS automatically changes to the ON-BATTERY mode if the mains input supply fails during normal operation:
• The rectifier is turned off.
• The automatic battery switch is closed.
• The battery discharges through the DC boost converter which remains fully operational and continues to provide
the inverter with its regulated DC input.
• The inverter continues its normal operation (the changeover to battery power is transparent to the inverter).
• The output relay remains closed.
• The battery charger is turned off.
• The static switch is off.
UPS ON-BYPASS mode
This mode can be selected by the operator as part of the system operating procedure. It is also entered following certain
fault occurrences such as a UPS output overload:
• The static switch is turned on to connect the load to the unregulated UPS bypass mains input.
Depending on whether or not the transfer to bypass was ‘selected’ or following a ‘fault’:
• The rectifier, boost converter and battery charger will remain active to maintain battery charging.
• The inverter may/may-not remain powered up and in operational readiness to be brought into use.
Note: When operating in this mode the load is not protected against any mains input supply disturbances or loss.
Figure 2.4 UPS ON-BATTERY
AC/DC (PFC)
CONVERTER
DC BOOST
CONVERTER
DC/AC
INVERTER
BATT. CHARGER
STATIC
SWITCH
UPS AC
Output
UPS
Bypass
Mains
UPS
Input
Mains
BATTERY
UPS MODULE
Input
Relay
Automatic
Batt. Switch
Output
Relay
Figure 2.5 UPS ON-BYPASS
AC/DC (PFC)
CONVERTER
DC BOOST
CONVERTER
DC/AC
INVERTER
BATT. CHARGER
STATIC
SWITCH
UPS AC
Output
UPS
Bypass
Mains
UPS
Input
Mains
BATTERY
UPS MODULE
Input
Relay
Automatic
Batt. Switch
Output
Relay

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20 9
2: General Description
UPS ON MAINTENANCE BYPASS
Figure 2.6 UPS ON MAINTENANCE BYPASS
Although the maintenance bypass switch is not fitted within the UPS module, the maintenance bypass mode of operation
is shown here for completeness. A maintenance bypass switch is fitted to the UPS frame’s switch panel and, when closed,
it provides an alternative power path for the load which completely bypass the UPS module(s). This mode is primarily used
to maintain the load supply when it is necessary to completely shutdown the UPS module for repair or module
replacement. The maintenance bypass line is connected to the same unprotected supply source as that used by the static
switch so for reasons of load security the UPS should only be operated in this mode when absolutely necessary.
2.3.3 Parallel system operation
Where two or more UPS modules are fitted in the rack (e.g RI-20, RI-22, RI-24, RI-40) the modules operate as a parallel
UPS system and their AC outputs are connected in parallel at the frame’s output terminals.
The electronic control system built into each UPS module ensures that:
• The UPS modules are always frequency-synchronised to each other – and to the bypass mains (when present).
• The UPS modules equally share the load current.
• The static bypass operation is synchronised such that if the operator selects ‘Bypass’ mode on one module the
static switch in ALL the modules change over in unison.
System expansion
Some UPS applications present a low initial power requirement which increases over time as the application grows – it is
therefore essential that the installed UPS system can be expanded to meet the increasing demand without compromising
the existing load. This requirement is well met with the ‘hot swappable’ nature of the PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) UPS
modules, whereby an additional module can be inserted into a vacant slot within a parallel-module frame without the need
to shut down the entire system or transfer it to the maintenance bypass.
‘Capacity’ system
When a system is described as being a ‘capacity’ system it implies that the potential full load requires ALL the fitted UPS
modules to be operational – i.e. if one module trips off line due to a fault, the remaining module(s) will transfer the load to
the static bypass supply and the load will no longer be protected from supply aberrations.
‘Redundant’ system
If a system is designed with module redundancy it must contain at least one UPS module over and above that which is
necessary to power the applied load.
AC/DC (PFC)
CONVERTER
DC BOOST
CONVERTER
DC/AC
INVERTER
BATT. CHARGER
STATIC
SWITCH
UPS AC
Output
UPS
Bypass
Mains
UPS
Input
Mains
BATTERY
UPS MODULE
Input
Relay
Automatic
Batt. Switch
Output
Relay
MAINTENANCE
BYPASS

2: General Description
10 TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
For example, a fully populated RI-40 frame (4 x 20 kW UPS modules) would operate with a redundancy of one module
when connected to a 60 kW load. Under normal circumstances, with all four UPS modules operating, each module would
provide 15 kW when the full 60 kW load is applied. But if one UPS module fails, or is taken off-line, the three remaining
modules can sustain the load by each providing their rated 20kW output.
Clearly, the ability to lose a UPS module yet still supply the connected load with processed, backed-up power significantly
increases the overall system reliability.
2.3.4 UPS system operation
Summary of UPS module operating modes
UPS installations are generally categorised as being either ‘ON-LINE’ or ‘OFF-LINE’ systems; and the PW8000DPA RI
can be configured to operate in either mode. The two systems are described below.
ON-LINE UPS system
An ‘ON-LINE’ system provides the highest degree of load protection, especially in the event of a mains supply disturbance
or complete failure, and we always recommended its use if the critical load (e.g. computer system) will not tolerate even a
very brief supply interruption.
When the PW8000DPA RI is used as an ‘ON-LINE’ UPS it is configured to normally operate in the ON-INVERTER mode,
as shown in Figure 2.3. In the event of a UPS input mains supply failure, the UPS changes to its ON-BATTERY mode
(Figure 2.4) without affecting its output supply – i.e the UPS will continue to provide its rated output running from battery
power and the changeover to battery operation is totally transparent at the UPS output.
If the UPS input mains supply returns when the module is operating on battery power the module will automatically revert
to normal ‘ON-LINE’ operation once the returning input mains supply is validated.
If the UPS input mains supply does not return when the module is operating on battery power, it will continue to provide its
rated output until the battery discharges to a low cut-off point, at which time the UPS will attempt to switch to its ‘on
bypass’ mode; however, if the bypass input supply is unavailable the module will shut down in a controlled manner. An
audible and visual alarm will warn the operator that the battery is discharging to enable any necessary intervention actions
to be carried out to safeguard the load integrity (e.g. initiate a data backup).
It is usual, especially in larger installations, to provide the UPS with an alternative input supply from a standby generator
which starts automatically following a mains supply failure. If such a standby UPS input power source is made available it
means that the batteries discharge only until the generator comes on-line. This not only avoids the UPS from eventually
shutting down due to discharged batteries but the short battery discharge period also increases the battery life cycle.
Bypass supply and fault handling
If the UPS experiences an internal fault during ON-LINE operation, the inverter is turned off and the static switch transfers
the load to the bypass supply automatically and without interruption provided the inverter and bypass supplies are
synchronised (Figure 2.5). In the event of an output overload the inverter is designed to supply the load for a limited time,
depending on the overload severity, and if the permitted time is exceeded the load is transferred to the static bypass. The
additional power available from the bypass supply will attempt to clear the overload but if it persists it will ultimately rupture
the bypass supply fuses. If the overload condition clears while operating on bypass the load will be transferred back to the
inverter and the UPS will return to its normal ON-LINE mode of operation.
OFF-LINE (On stand-by) UPS system operation
When the PW8000DPA RI is used as an ‘OFF-LINE’ UPS system it is normally operated in its ON BYPASS mode
(Figure 2.5) with the load supplied via the bypass line. However, the rectifier, DC boost converter and battery charger are
all operational to maintain battery charging, and the inverter section is turned on but operating on standby.
In the event of a bypass supply failure, the inverter is immediately brought on line and the load is transferred from the
bypass line to the inverter by the static switch within 3 to 5 milliseconds. If the UPS bypass and mains inputs are
connected to separate sources and the mains supply is still live when the transfer takes place then the UPS will operate in
its ON-LINE mode (Figure 2.3). However, if these supplies are connected to a common source the UPS will immediately
revert to its ON-BATTERY mode (Figure 2.4).
When the bypass supply returns to normal, the load is re transferred back to the bypass line and the inverter returns to its
standby operation.

TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20 11
2: General Description
Operating in this mode is slightly more energy efficient than operating in the ON-LINE mode due to the reduced rectifier
and inverter losses during normal system operation; and it is sometimes referred to as the ‘ECO’ (economy) mode.
However, this mode is recommended only if the connected load equipment can tolerate power interruptions of up to
3~5 ms during the transfer period.
Control panel mimic indications
The module control panel mimic led indications for the ON-INVERTER and ON-BATTERY mode are shown below:
Figure 2.7 Control panel mimic indications
WARNING: The ON-LINE mode should always be used for critical load protection.
LINE 1
LINE 2 BY PASS
INVERTER
BATTERY
LOAD
LINE 1
LINE 2 BY PASS
INVERTER
BATTERY
LOAD
On-Inverter On-Bypass

2: General Description
12 TS_615_01 PowerWAVE 8000DPA RI (S2) User Manual 8/6/20
2.4 Component identification
Figure 2.8 PW8000DPA RI Component identification (front)
All the UPS control panels and power switches are accessible from the front of the frame, as shown in Figure 2.8.
Maintenance Bypass
UPS Module 2
UPS Module 1
UPS Module 3
UPS Module 4
Module 3 Battery Isolator (F4-3)
Module 4 Battery Isolator (F4-4)
Switch (IA1)
RI-40 Frame
Module 1 Battery Isolator (F4-1)
Module 2 Battery Isolator (F4-2)
SWITCH PANEL
Module Control Panel
UPS Interface Connections
Module 1 Battery Isolator (F4-1)
Module 2 Battery Isolator (F4-2)
UPS Module 2
UPS Module 1
Maintenance Bypass
Switch (IA1)
Battery Row 2
Battery Row 1
RI-22 Frame
SWITCH PANEL
Module Control Panel
UPS Interface Connections