LION TRI-CERTIFIED NFPA 1951 Utility Setup guide

7200 POE AVE.
DAYTON, OHIO 45414
www.LIONprotects.com
TRI-CERTIFIED NFPA 1951
Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975
Compliant Pants for Technical
Rescue, Wildland Firefighting, and
Emergency Services Work Apparel
DANGER

!
This Guide should be removed only by the end user! In the event this Guide becomes
detached from the Pants, turn this Guide in to the authorities responsible for the care and
maintenance of the Pants.
You MUST read this Guide and all Safety, Cleaning, and Information labels before wearing.
Skin burns can occur when skin reaches a temperature of 118° F (47.8° C).
Fire burns at temperatures up to 2000° F (1093.3° C) or higher.
These Pants provide limited protection against flash fire, in compliance with NFPA 1951 Utility,
and limited protection against thermal and radiant heat with NFPA 1951 Utility and NFPA 1977.
While wearing these Pants, you may be burned without heat sensation or warning and in some
circumstances, without any sign of damage to the Pants.
These Pants do NOT include an inner thermal liner. ADDITIONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
MUST BE WORN FOR ANY STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTING OPERATIONS.
USER INSTRUCTION, SAFETY
AND TRAINING GUIDE
August 2019

2
Danger Label
Pants Certification, Cleaning and Fabric Content Label
Copies of labels used only in
NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants
Questions, write or call immediately:
LION7200 Poe Ave., Suite 400 Dayton, OH45414
[e-mail]
1-800-421-2926
®
FI6685-255
CLEANING AND STORAGE INSTRUCTIONS
.
18F2
DO NOT REMOVE THIS LABEL
LOT: PO: MFG: SIZE:
FABRIC CONTENT IN (U.S.A.):
GARMENT MADE IN:

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1. INTRODUCTION
Congratulations on purchasing your new LION product! Your NFPA 1951 Utility/
NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants for Technical Rescue, Wildland
Firefighting, and Work Apparel (referred to throughout this Guide as the “NFPA
1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants”, “Technical Rescue/
Wildland Firefighting/Emergency Services Work Apparel”, or “Pants”) is designed
to provide limited protection against physical, environmental, flash fire hazards to
emergency responders involved in search, rescue, extrication, site stabilization,
and other mitigation operations at or involving Technical Rescue and/or
Wildland incidents. The garment is designed for limited protection to thermal or
radiant heat. It and its components are manufactured and certified under the
performance requirements of the current editions of NFPA 1951 Utility: Standard
on Protective Ensemble for Technical Rescue Incidents; NFPA 1977 Standard
on Protective Clothing and Equipment for Wildland Firefighting; and NFPA 1975
Standard on Work Apparel for Emergency Services.
This User Instruction, Safety and Training Guide gives important instructions
regarding the use, inspection, care, maintenance, storage and retirement of your
Pants. Immediately upon receipt of your Pants, you should remove, carefully
read, and save this Guide for future reference.
This Guide is a training tool to help you understand your NFPA 1951 Utility/
NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants and how to use it in the safest
possible manner during Technical Rescue/Wildland operations. Please take
the time to read it.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ...................................................... 3
2 Definitions ....................................................... 4
3 Safety Checklist................................................... 7
4 Purpose and Limitations ............................................ 8
5 Construction, Features and Function ................................... 9
6 Inspection ....................................................... 9
7 Donning and Doffing .............................................. 11
8 Proper Fit....................................................... 11
9 Marking Considerations ............................................ 11
10 Using your Pants Safely: How to Minimize the Risk of Injury ................ 12
11 Washing, Decontamination and Disinfection............................. 15
12 Repairs ........................................................ 18
13 Storage ........................................................ 19
14 Retirement...................................................... 19
15 Disposal ....................................................... 20
16 Limited Warranty Information ........................................ 21
17 Inspection, Cleaning, Repair, Retirement and Disposal Record .............. 23

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WARNING Indicates potentially hazardous situations that could result in serious personal
injury or death if not avoided, or if instructions, including recommended precautions, are
not followed. The signal word “WARNING” is highlighted in orange on labels attached to
your Pants, and in black in this Guide.

!
WARNING
DANGER Indicates immediate hazards that will result in serious personal injury or death if
not avoided, or if instructions, including recommended precautions, are not followed. The
signal word “DANGER” is highlighted in red, both in this Guide and on labels affixed to
your Pants, to indicate the extreme hazard of the situation.

!
DANGER
For your personal safety, be alert for important safety messages in this training guide:
2. DEFINITIONS
ASTM – Acronym for American Society of
Testing and Materials.
Aramid Fibers – Specially manufactured
polymer fibers in which the fiber-forming
material consists of linked, long chain-like
structures of large molecules. Aramid
fibers exhibit higher resistance to
flammability, higher strength, and higher
elasticity than ordinary synthetic or natural
fibers. Fabrics made from aramid fibers
maintain their integrity at high temperatures
and are used in protective clothing and other
industrial applications.
Authority Having Jurisdiction – The
organization, office, or individual responsible
for approving equipment, an installation, or
a procedure.
Biological Agents – Biological materials
that are capable of causing acute disease or
long-term damage to the human body.
Biological Terrorism Agents – Liquid
or particulate agents that can consist of
biologically derived toxins or pathogens to
inflict lethal or incapacitating casualties.
Body Fluids – Fluids produced by the body
including, but not limited to, blood, semen,
mucous, feces, urine, vaginal secretions,
breast milk, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid,
synovial fluid, and pericardial fluid.
Chemical Terrorism Agent – Liquid,
solid, gaseous, and vapor chemical warfare
agents and toxic industrial chemicals used
to inflict lethal or incapacitating casualties,
generally on a civilian population as a result of
a terrorist attack.
Component(s) – Any material, part or
subassembly used in the construction of the
NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975
Tri-Certified Pants.
Entry Firefighting – EXTRAORDINARILY
specialized firefighting operations that
can include the activities of rescue, fire
suppression, and property conservation at
incidents involving fires producing very high
levels of conductive, convective, and radiant
heat; such as aircraft fires, bulk flammable
gas fires, and bulk flammable liquid fires.
Highly specialized thermal protection from
exposure to extreme levels of conductive,
convective, and radiant heat is necessary for
persons involved in such EXTRAORDINARILY
specialized operations and because direct
entry into the flames is made. NFPA 1951
Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified
Pants are NEVER to be used for entry
firefighting or any direct contact with flames
or molten metals, and do not provide the
required level of protection.
CAUTION Indicates potentially hazardous situations or unsafe practices that could result
in minor or moderate personal injury or product or property damage if instructions,
including recommended precautions, are not followed. The signal word “CAUTION” is
highlighted in gray in this Guide.

!CAUTION

5
Flame Resistance – The property of a
material whereby the application of a flaming
or non-flaming source of ignition and the
subsequent removal of the ignition source
results in the termination of combustion.
Flame resistance can be an inherent property
of the material or it can be imparted by
specific treatment.
Flame Retardant – A chemical compound
that can be incorporated into materials or a
textile fiber during manufacture or treatment
to reduce its flammability.
Flash Fire – A fire that rapidly spreads
through a diffuse fuel, such as a dust, gas, or
the vapors of an ignitable liquid, without the
production of damaging pressure.
Garment – See Pants.
Guide – Means this User Instruction, Safety
and Training Guide.
Heat Flux – The thermal intensity indicated
by the amount of power per unit area. The
heat flow rate through a surface of unit area
perpendicular to the direction of heat flow.
Interface Area – An area of the body where
the protective garments, helmet, gloves,
footwear, or respiratory facepiece meet, i.e.,
the protective coat--helmet--SCBA facepiece
area, the protective coat--protective trouser
area, the protective coat--glove area, and the
protective trouser--footwear area.
MSDS – Acronym for Material Safety
Data Sheets.
NFPA – Acronym for National Fire
Protection Association. A private sector,
volunteer-based standard-making
organization that develops guidelines related
to fire protection and prevention.
NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA
1975 Tri-Certified Pants – (Also referred
to in this Guide as Pants). Means a garment
certified by a private, third party certification
organization (for example, Underwriters’
Laboratories) to meet at the time of
manufacture the design and performance
requirements of the NFPA 1951 Utility,
NFPA 1977, and NFPA 1975 Standards.
OSHA – Acronym for Occupational
Safety and Health Administration. A
government-based standard-making body
that develops public health and safety
standards for the workplace.
Pants – (Also referred to as NFPA 1951
Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified
Pants.) The term Pants used throughout this
Guide refers ONLY to those certified for use in
Technical Rescue and Wildland Operations.
NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975
Tri-Certified Pants are NOT Structural, Entry
or Proximity firefighting protective clothing.
Protective Element – The parts or items
that comprise the protective ensemble. The
protective ensemble elements are: coats,
Pants, coveralls, helmets, gloves, footwear
and interface components.
Proximity Firefighting – Specialized
firefighting operations that can include the
activities of rescue, fire suppression, and
property conservation at incidents involving
fire producing very high levels of conductive,
convective, and radiant heat such as aircraft
fires, bulk flammable gas fires, and bulk
flammable liquid fires. Specialized thermal
protection from exposure to high levels of
radiant heat, as well as thermal protection
from conductive and convective heat, is
necessary for persons involved in such
operations. NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/
NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants are NEVER to
be used in proximity firefighting and do not
provide the required level of protection.
Rescue and Recovery Technical Rescue
Protective Ensemble – Multiple elements of
compliant protective clothing and protective
equipment designed and configured as
an ensemble to provide limited protection
in operational settings where exposure to
physical, thermal, liquid, and body fluid-borne
pathogen hazards is expected.
Rescue and Recovery Technical Rescue
Protective Pants Element – The coat,
trouser, or coverall element of the certified
rescue and recovery technical rescue
protective ensemble that provides protection
to the upper and lower torso, arms, and legs.
Reinforcement – The addition of extra
material for enhanced protection in areas
prone to compression or abrasive wear such
as knees, elbows and shoulders.
Responder/Emergency Responder –
Emergency personnel involved in
Technical Rescue and/or Emergency
Medical Operations.
SAFER – Acronym for Southern Area Fire
Equipment Research. An established body
of fire equipment users with expertise in
the research and evaluation of firefighting
personal protective equipment.

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SCBA – Acronym for Self-Contained
Breathing Apparatus.
Sewn Seam – A series of stitches joining
two or more separate pieces of material(s) of
planar structure, such as textile fabrics.
Stabilization – Those activities directed
at mitigating the dangerous elements of an
emergency incident.
Structural Firefighting – The activities
of rescue, fire suppression, and property
conservation in buildings, enclosed
structures, vehicles, marine vessels, or
like properties that are involved in a fire or
emergency situation. NFPA 1951 Utility/
NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants are
NEVER to be used in proximity firefighting and
do not provide the required level of protection.
Technical Rescue Incidents – Complex
rescue incidents requiring specially trained
personnel and special equipment to complete
the mission.
Technical Rescue Operations – Those
activities directed at locating endangered
persons, removing endangered persons from
danger, treating the injured at an emergency
incident, and providing transport to an
appropriate health care facility.
TPP – Acronym for Thermal Protective
Performance. A test in NFPA 1951
Utility Standards to determine the ability
of a Pants composite to protect against
a measured amount of thermal and
radiant heat.
Trench/Cave-In Rescue – The activity of
rescue during the collapse or cave-in of a
trench. A trench is deeper than it is wide.
Useful Life – The period of time that NFPA
1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975
Tri-Certified Pants, which have been
properly cared for, can be expected to
provide reasonable limited protection.
Useful life of Pants is normally 4 years,
depending on the materials making up the
Pants and moisture barrier in a multi-layer
garment, or the trilaminate material used in
a single-layer garment, and the conditions of
wear, maintenance and storage. Useful life is
highly unlikely to be more than 7 years. See
Section 14 of this Guide.
Wildland Firefighting Protective Pants-
The coat, trouser, or coverall of the certified
Wildland Firefighting protective ensemble that
provides protection to the upper and lower
torso, arms, and legs.
Utility Technical Rescue Protective
Ensemble – Multiple elements of protective
clothing and protective equipment designed
and configured as an ensemble to provide
limited protection in operational settings
where exposure to physical and thermal
hazards are expected.
Utility Technical Rescue Protective Pants
Element – The coat, trouser, or coverall of
the certified utility technical rescue protective
ensemble that provides protection to the
upper and lower torso, arms, and legs.
UV (Light or Radiation) – Acronym
for Ultraviolet Light. A type of radiated
electromagnetic energy commonly found in
the sun’s rays.
Vehicle/Machinery Functional
Capability – The activity of removing a
victim from a vehicle or machine at an
emergency incident.

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3. SAFETY CHECKLIST
Do not use this NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/
NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants until you have
checked “YES” to the following:
1. Have you completed a formal training course
in Technical Rescue and/or Wildland
Firefighting techniques, the proper use of
Technical Rescue and/or Wildland Firefighting
equipment and NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA
1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants?
 Yes  No
2. Have you read and understood all the
instructions and warnings throughout this
Guide as well as all the safety, cleaning and
information labels on the Pants?
 Yes  No
3. Will you regularly inspect your Pants inside
and out for any tears, holes, thin spots,
worn areas, color change, dirt, contaminants,
leaks, embrittlement, or any other conditions
discussed in Section 6 of this Guide?
 Yes  No
4. Have you studied the limitations of your Pants as described throughout
this Guide?
 Yes  No
5. Have you checked to make sure that your Pants fits you properly in accordance with
Section 8 of this Guide?
 Yes  No
6. Have you, your safety officer, or another appropriate person made plans to ensure
that your Pants is used, inspected, maintained, stored, and retired according to
instructions in this Guide?
 Yes  No
7. Do you understand that when your skin reaches a temperature of 118º F, you will be
burned, and that you may not feel a heat sensation or pain while wearing your Pants,
or receive damage to your Pants prior to being burned?
 Yes  No
8. Have you read, do you understand, and do you agree to assume the risks and
responsibilities listed in the Personal Responsibility Code? See FIG. 1 and back cover
of this Guide.
 Yes  No
If you answered NO to any of the questions, DO NOT WEAR THIS GARMENT until you have
read the appropriate sections in this guide and have been properly trained by
qualified instructors.
PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY CODE
The member companies of FEMSA that provide
emergency response equipment and services want
responders to know and understand the following:
1. Firefighting and Emergency Response are inherently
dangerous activities requiring proper training in their
hazards and the use of extreme caution at all times.
2. It is your responsibility to read and understand any
user’s instructions, including purpose and
limitations, provided with any piece of equipment you
may be called upon to use.
3. It is your responsibility to know that you have been
properly trained in Firefighting and/or Emergency
Response and in the use, precautions, and care of
any equipment you may be called upon to use.
4. It is your responsibility to be in proper physical
condition and to maintain the personal skill level
required to operate any equipment you may be called
upon to use.
5. It is your responsibility to know that your equipment
is in operable condition and has been maintained in
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
6. Failure to follow these guidelines may result in death,
burns or other severe injury.
Fire and Emergency Manufacturers and Services Association, Inc.
P. O. Box 147, Lynnfield , MA 01940 www.FEMSA.org
Copyright 2006 FEMSA. All Rights Reserved
FIG. 1 Personal Responsibility Code.
Also shown on back cover of
this Guide.

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4. PURPOSE AND LIMITATIONS
This Pants is designed to provide LIMITED protection under the requirements of the NFPA
1951 Utility and NFPA 1977 Standards to the legs against hazards TO EMERGENCY
RESPONDERS INVOLVED IN SEARCH, RESCUE, EXTRICATION, SITE STABILIZATION,
AND OTHER MITIGATION OPERATIONS AT OR INVOLVING TECHNICAL RESCUE
AND/OR WILDLAND FIREFIGHTING:
• Flash fire,
• Physical hazards, including cuts and abrasion.
Do not use for
ANY structural
or proximity
firefighting.
Do not use for
direct contact
with flames or
molten metal.
Do not use
for protection
against
hazardous
radiological
agents.
Do not use
for protection
against
hazardous
biological
agents.
Do not use
for protection
against
hazardous
chemical
agents.
Burns are a function of time and temperature. The higher the temperature of the heat source and the
longer the exposure time, the greater the severity of burns.
FIRST DEGREE BURNS begin when skin temperature reaches 118° F (47.8° C).
SECOND DEGREE BURNS occur when skin temperature reaches approx. 131° F (55° C).
THIRD DEGREE BURNS occur when skin temperature reaches approx. 152° F (66.7° C).

!WARNING
DO NOT use your Pants for the following:
• Structural, Proximity and Entry Firefighting (see Definitions)
• Activities requiring direct contact with flames or molten metal
• Protection against all hazardous materials, and all biological or radiological agents.

!DANGER
Technical Rescue and/or Wildland Firefighter personnel who are exposed to a flashover, backdraft, or
other flame and high heat environments are at EXTREME risk for extensive burn injuries and death
while wearing their NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Technical Rescue/Wildland
Firefighting Pants!

!DANGER
Risk Assessment
The authority having jurisdiction (see Definitions) should perform a risk
assessment to identify the hazards present and to determine the suitability
of the NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants. For
each of the activities described as Technical Rescue / Wildland Firefighting
rescue incidents, the authority having jurisdiction should determine if
protection provided by your Pants is commensurate with the level of
protection needed as deemed by the hazards present. For example, in an
automobile extrication the decision for using Technical Rescue /Wildland
protective ensembles versus structural firefighting protective ensembles
can be dependent on the level of fire risk at the incident.
Controlled lab tests in the NFPA 1951 Utility and NFPA 1977 Standards “should not be deemed as
defining or establishing performance levels for protection from all environments”. You should always use
extreme caution in any Technical Rescue and/or Wildland Firefighting to avoid the risk of injuries. See
NFPA 1951 Utility, Para.1.2.3 and NFPA 1977, Para.1.2.3.

!WARNING
You may have very little or no warning time from feeling heat or pain before skin begins to
burn at 118 degrees F. You need to be constantly aware of the buildup of heat in the surrounding
environment and in your Pants and be ready to escape to a cool area where you can remove hot
Pants quickly to help prevent or reduce the severity of burns.

!WARNING
Protective properties in a new NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants will
diminish as the product is worn and ages. To reduce the risk of injuries, you MUST follow the
recommendations in this Guide for inspection and retirement of your Pants to ensure that the
Pants is not used past its Useful Life. NFPA 1951 Utility, and NFPA 1977.

!WARNING
NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants should NEVER be used alone by
responders in auto extrication incidents where there is ANY risk of fire.

!WARNING

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5. CONSTRUCTION, FEATURES AND FUNCTION
In order to understand the limits of protection provided by your NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/
NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants, you should study its construction, features, and function.
5.1 OVERVIEW
Your Pants helps reduce health and safety risks to the Technical Rescue and/or
Wildland Firefighter. It protects the responder because it is made of special heat
and flame resistant textiles which when exposed to flash fire, char instead of melt
or combust, thereby reducing further injuries that can be caused by the ignition of
the materials. Second, the thickness of the fabrics also creates limited insulation
which contributes to the limited protection to the wearer against heat and flame
associated with flash fire.
Your Garment is designed to meet the requirements of NFPA 1975, NFPA 1977,
and ONLY the Utility requirements of NFPA 1951.
5.2 IMPORTANT SAFETY FEATURES
Closure System: On the front of the Pants, when properly fastened, prevent
the Pants from coming open during Technical Rescue and/or Wildland
Firefighting activities.
Pockets: Provide storage for tools.
Reinforcements: Provide reinforcement at the knees and seat against heat and
flame, cuts and abrasion.
Labels: There are three (3) important safety, cleaning, and information labels, all
located on the inside of the Pants. The Pants Safety Label provides critical safety
information and directs you to read and understand this Guide. The Cleaning Label
explains washing, drying and storage instructions.
In addition, the Pants Information Label, located on the centre back inside the
garment lists the Pants model and the date of manufacture.
Samples of the labels are located on page 2 of this Guide
You must wear an ANSI 107 or ANSI 207-compliant high visibility vest at all times during any emergency
operation near roads or highways, unless you are actively engaged in fire suppression or hazardous
materials mitigation, during which you must also wear the full ensemble of certified, task-appropriate
protective clothing. The high visibility vest’s retroreflective trim and fluorescent material increase your
likelihood of being seen by motorists and thereby decreases the probability of injury.

!WARNING
6. INSPECTION
6.1 PREPARATION
Read all labels first. There are three Safety, Cleaning and Information Labels
(See Section 5 of this Guide for location). If any of the labels are missing, return
the Pants to the manufacturer immediately.
6.2 FREQUENCY
You should inspect your Pants at the following times: 1.) Upon receipt of your
new Pants or replacement component; 2.) At least monthly thereafter during
the useful life of the Pants; 3.) After exposure to heat, flames, chemicals; and
4.) After washing, repair or decontamination. You must inspect your Pants as
a minimum, at the above frequency intervals to detect more obvious damage
and deterioration. Whenever you detect a potential problem through your own
inspection, or suspect that the protective qualities might be degraded, your
Pants should be inspected by a trained expert at the Fire Department, a LION
TotalCare®Center, or factory designated facility.

10
6.3 INSPECTION PROCESS AND CRITERIA
1. Preparation for Inspection
A. Place Pants on a clean surface in a brightly lighted area.
2. Inspecting the Pants
A. Fabric: Examine for dirt, discoloration, thin spots, holes, tears,
embrittlement, cracking, burns, abrasions, and worn spots.
a. Discoloration is a sign of overexposure to light or heat.
b. Embrittlement, cracking or burns are a sign that other parts of the Pants
may be worn out or damaged and must be thoroughly inspected.
c. Grasp any part of the fabric that may be damaged or flawed in both
hands, and try to push your thumbs through the fabric.
(Fig. 2). If the fabric punctures, it must be repaired if economically
practical, or the Pants should be retired and disposed of in accordance
with Sections 14 and 15 of this Guide.
B. Closure Systems: Examine for functionality and damage.
a. Hook and Loop – Engage and disengage hook and loop attachments
to make sure they function well. Examine for worn, abraded, curled, or
melted pieces that require replacement. Check stitching for loose thread
that would require repair.
b. Zippers – Examine all zippers for functionality and corrosion that would
require replacement. Check stitching for loose threads that would
require repair.
c. Hardware – Examine all hardware (i.e. zippers, hook and loop, and
buttons) for corrosion or other damage that would require replacement.
Check that their attachment to the Pants is secure.
C. Reinforcements, pockets, etc.: Examine all reinforcements and components
to make sure they are securely sewn to the Pants. Check all fasteners on
pocket flaps for functionality and damage.
D. Accessories: Check all accessory items to ensure that they meet
manufacturer’s specifications.
E. Stitching and Seams: Examine all seams for loose threads, breaks, skipped
stitches, or weaknesses.
F. Labels
a. Verify that all Safety, Cleaning, and Information labels are on the Pants.
See p. 2 and Section 5 of this Guide.
b. Make sure that all Safety, Cleaning, and Information Labels are legible
and securely attached to the Pants.
6.4. RECORDKEEPING
For manual records, record all inspections and your results on the Inspection,
Washing, Repair, Retirement, and Disposal Record located in the back of this Guide.
Maintain this form unless your organization has provided you with a comparable
recordkeeping method for this purpose.
Most performance properties of the Pants and its components cannot be tested by the
user in the field.
WARNING

!
FIG. 2 Test fabric
strength with thumbs

11
8. PROPER FIT
8.1 CHECKING PROPER FIT
All Pants must have adequate looseness in the torso and legs to ensure that
insulated air spaces are maintained. If the Pants bunch bind in the thighs or crotch
area, it is probably too small. Pants also should not be too loose, as this could
hinder mobility and place stress at the wrong places in the Pants. Upon receiving
new or replacement Pants, make sure that there are at least a few inches of loose
material around the seat and thigh. Then test the mobility by climbing stairs and
crawling or duck walking.
8.2 CHECKING THE SIZE
If the garment does not seem to fit properly, you should check the size in the label to
make sure it is your size as measured, and to make sure it is your Pants.
9. MARKING CONSIDERATIONS
For marking an individual’s name, or other identifying mark, an indelible laundry marker may
be used. LION recommends marking the Pants in the following manner:
9.1 First, check the Fabric Content Label (it has a serial number on it) to
determine whether adequate identifying information was already printed by the
manufacturer. The underside of the facing at the Pants fly is recommended.
NEVER MARK ON THE SAFETY, CLEANING, OR INFORMATION LABELS ON
YOUR GARMENT!
Never wear Pants that fit improperly. If you have a question, or there is a problem with
the fit of the Pants, contact your safety officer for assistance. Wearing a Pants that does
not fit properly could reduce protection and result in severe burns, cuts, or abrasions, or
dangerously restrict your ability to avoid injuries in an emergency situation.

!DANGER
7. DONNING AND DOFFING
7.1 DONNING (PUTTING ON) YOUR GARMENT
With the fly closure unfastened, hold open the
Pants. After pulling the Pants to the waist, fasten the
fly closure securely. See (FIG. 5). Cinch
take-up straps, if present, so the Pants are snug
at your waist. Pants that hang down too low in the
crotch will dangerously restrict your mobility and will
wear out prematurely in the crotch seams. When
properly fitted, and correctly donned, the cuffs
of your Pants should be no less than 2" and not
more than 5" off the floor. Step into your protective
footwear, and if they are adjustable, zip them up or
tie the laces.
7.2 DOFFING (REMOVING) YOUR GARMENT
A. First, never remove any personal protective clothing or equipment until you are
certain that you are safely removed from the hazard area. Always wear your full
ensemble during all phases of Technical Rescue and/or Wildland operations.
B. When you are ready to remove your Pants, you should first remove your gloves,
helmet, and coat as applicable.
C. Next disengage the fly closure on your Pants and remove them.
FIG. 5

12
10. USING YOUR PANTS SAFELY: HOW TO
MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INJURY
In addition to NFPA 1975, the Pants is designed in compliance with both
NFPA 1951 Utility and NFPA 1977 to protect the user against specific hazards
associated with technical rescue and wildland firefighting operations. This
section indicates the hazards associated with these activities, and specific
warnings concerning the proper safe usage of your Technical Rescue/Wildland
Firefighting Pants.
10.1 PREPARATION
Before beginning any Technical Rescue and/or Wildland Firefighting operation,
your Pants should be donned according to the procedures in Section 7 of this
Guide, and checked by another person for proper interface.
10.2 BURN HAZARDS
There are three types of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction is the direct transfer of heat through contact with a hot object.
Convection is the transfer of heat through a medium; for example, air. Thermal
radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of light energy, directly from flames or
reflected from hot surfaces.
FLASH FIRE
Flash fire means fire that rapidly spreads through a diffuse fuel, such as dust,
gas, or the vapors of an ignitable liquid, without the production of damaging
pressure. Flash fires mainly produce hazardous radiant heat, as well as
convective heat.
Always wear clean and thoroughly dry Pants. Soiled or contaminated Pants may be
combustible, causing serious burns to the wearer if exposed to a flash fire.

!DANGER
Flash Fires are extremely dangerous incidents. The radiant and convective heat
produced by a flash fire may be severe enough that you may be burned even while
wearing these Pants, and without sustaining damage to the Pants. If you sense
combustible gases or debris in the area, you should escape to a safe area until the
dangerous condition has been eliminated.

!DANGER
Always use this garment properly and in a manner consistent with the following:
• The Authority Having Jurisdiction’s standard operating procedures;
• NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program;
• NFPA 1581, Standard on Fire Department Infection Control Program;
• Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 1910.132 “General Requirements of Sub
part I, Personal Protective Equipment”; and
• Title 29, CFR 1910.1030, “Protecting Health Care Workers from Occupational Exposure to
Blood-Borne Pathogens”
Do not continue to wear Tri-Certified Pants that have been exposed to products of combustion,
wash your pants as soon as possible after exposure to reduce contamination.

13
BURNS
Burns are a function of time and temperature. The higher
the temperature of the heat source and the longer the
exposure time, the greater the severity of burns.
FIRST DEGREE BURNS begin when skin temperature
reaches approximately 118° F.
SECOND DEGREE BURNS occur when skin temperature
reaches approximately 131° F.
THIRD DEGREE BURNS occur when skin temperature
reaches approximately 152° F.
Radiant heat from hot
surfaces and flames can
cause burns
These NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants do NOT include
a thermal barrier for insulation against heat. To prevent being burned, you must
not wear the Pants in high temperature environments and avoid contact with any
hot surfaces.

!DANGER
You must only use the Technical Rescue/Wildland Firefighting/Station-Work Pants in
environments where no structural or proximity fire is present. In rescue situations where
fire is present, responders must also wear NFPA 1971 compliant structural or proximity
firefighter clothing.

!DANGER
The buildup of heat in NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants can
lead to burns without any sign of damage to the Pants. Never wait for signs of Pants
damage to warn of imminent burns. Always be aware of your surrounding environment
and be ready to escape if you begin to feel tingling or burning sensations.

!DANGER
Technical Rescue and/or Wildland Firefighting personnel who are exposed to a flashover,
back-draft, or other flame and high heat environments are at EXTREME risk for extensive
burn injuries and death even while wearing their NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975
Tri-Certified Pants!

!DANGER
Compression against hot
surfaces can cause burns
Minimal protection against conductive burns: You
can be burned by conductive heat when you contact
heated surfaces or objects. Your Technical Rescue/Wildland
Firefighting garment does not include a thermal liner, and
therefore the Pants provides only minimal protection from
conductive burns. It is critical to avoid contact with any
hot surfaces while wearing the Technical Rescue/Wildland
Firefighting garment.
Minimal protection against convection burns:
Convected heat travels through the air, even if there is
no immediate appearance of fire. However, convected
heat can elevate the temperature of your Pants enough
to cause a conductive heat burn when the fabric comes
into contact with your skin. Your Pants does not have a
thermal liner. Therefore, NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA1977/
NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants should not be used in
situations of high temperature.

14
WARNING

!
Do not confuse the component testing requirements that are part of NFPA Standards with
the conditions in which Technical Rescue and/or Wildland Firefighting personnel work. For
example, the requirement that certain components must not melt, drip, or separate when
exposed to convected heat temperatures of 500° F for 5 minutes is in no way intended
to indicate that Technical Rescue or Wildland firefighting personnel face that condition in
their work, or could be expected to withstand that condition EVEN WHILE WEARING THE
PANTS CORRECTLY without suffering serious injury or death.
WARNING

!
Overexertion in hot conditions while wearing NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975
Tri-Certified Pants can lead to heat exhaustion, or heat stroke. Symptoms of heat
exhaustion are a general feeling of weakness, dizziness, rapid pulse, low blood pressure
while standing or sitting, and/or a headache. The skin may feel moist and clammy. If you feel
symptoms, get to a cool place, remove your Pants, and drink fluids. Failure to seek attention
could lead to severe coma or death.
WARNING

!
Symptoms of heat stroke are hot, dry skin with no sweating, very high body
temperatures, weakness, dizziness, rapid breathing, nausea, unconsciousness, and
sometimes mental confusion. If you feel any of the above symptoms at any time, get to a
cool area immediately, remove your Pants, drink fluids and seek medical attention. Failure
to seek attention could lead to coma or death. Immediate cooling is essential for survival
in heat stroke cases.
WARNING

!
You must be physically
fit to safely perform
strenuous work under
stressful conditions.
Regular cardiovascular
exercise, abstaining
from cigarette smoking,
proper training, a
healthy diet, and
avoidance of obesity,
can help to reduce the
risk of heart attack.
10.3 HEAT STRESS: A SIGNIFICANT CAUSE OF
RESPONDER INJURIES
Physical work in a warm or hot environment causes a rise in the temperature
inside the body. To protect the body against heat, the heart begins to beat faster
so that more blood can be moved to the skin surface. Blood vessels near the skin
dilate so that they can carry more blood. In this way, blood in the interior of the
body can be brought out near the body’s surface and cooled. Most importantly,
the body produces sweat that evaporates off the skin to provide cooling. Those
natural responses do not work very well for any or all of the following conditions:
the ambient air temperature is at least 75° F (23.9° C) or higher, the garment’s
insulation blocks the transfer of heat away from the body, the garment blocks the
evaporation of sweat, or the exertion of the muscles produces more heat than
the system can remove. When the body temperature gets elevated too high, the
results can be heat strain, heat exhaustion, or heat stroke.
10.4 HEART ATTACKS: A RESULT OF OVEREXERTION
During Technical Rescue and/or Wildland Firefighting
operations, the heart beats faster because of the need
to move more blood to the working muscles. This
blood carries more oxygen to the muscles so that they
can handle the increased workload.
Another factor in increasing the rate of the heart is the
presence of adrenaline, the “fight or flight” hormone, in
the user’s body during an emergency. The adrenaline
present in your system causes the heart to pump even
faster than during normal activity.
All of these factors could place too much stress on
the heart, leading to a heart attack. The heart simply
cannot handle the load placed on it.

15
WARNING

!
Your Pants is NOT designed to protect you against electrocution. When entering a
rescue site, you should NEVER touch live wiring, especially if your Pants is wet. Never
allow equipment you are operating to contact live wiring.
WARNING

!
Never Dry-Clean your Pants. Dry cleaning solvents are made from petroleum products,
which may support combustion and negate the fabric’s flame resistant properties.
WARNING

!
To reduce the risk of harm from hazardous substances present at a building collapse,
damaged vehicle, or hazardous chemicals, you MUST wash your Pants.
WARNING

!
Always wash your NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants
separately from other items. Never wash your Pants at home, or at public laundry
facilities to avoid the spread of chemical contamination or hazardous combustion
products to other laundry.
If you are unavoidably exposed to high temperatures during a Technical Rescue and/or
Wildland Firefighting activity, you need to be constantly aware of the buildup of heat in
the surrounding environment and in your Pants and be ready to escape to a cool area
where you can remove hot Pants quickly to avoid burns.

!DANGER
10.5 LIQUID PENETRATION AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
No Protection Against Liquid Penetration or Hazardous Materials
10.6 ELECTROCUTION
10.7 BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
Your Pants are not designed to protect against the hazards of exposure to bloodborne
pathogens present in body fluids. See Section 11 of this Guide for more information.
10.8 ADDITIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING SAFETY
The following additional factors may affect the limited protection provided by
the Pants:
• Conditions at the incident beyond the Pants’ scope of the limited
purposes;
• Unauthorized modifications, repairs or replacement of components of
the Pants not otherwise in compliance with LION’s specifications; and
• The addition of accessories that are not approved by LION as
compatible with NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified
Pants. If you have questions about whether accessories will degrade
the performance of your Pants below the NFPA 1951 Utility,
NFPA 1977, or NFPA 1975 Standard, contact LION.
11. WASHING, DECONTAMINATION AND
DISINFECTION
11.1 FREQUENCY
NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants should be cleaned:
1.) after every use and;
2.) as soon as possible after exposure to smoke, products of combustion or
hazardous substances.

16
WARNING

!
Never use chlorine bleach or chlorinated detergents to clean your Pants. Even
small amounts of chlorine will seriously reduce your Pants’s protective qualities.
Non-chlorinated bleaches are acceptable.
WARNING

!
Do not use petroleum-based solvents to spot clean. These products may reduce the
limited protective qualities of the Pants.
11.2 CLEANING PRODUCTS
Routine Washing:
A. Commercially available detergents. Use commercially available
detergents with a pH greater than 6.0 and less than 10.5. Many
household detergents fall within this range.
B. Specialty detergents. Some manufacturers of cleaning products have
developed products that can be used on Protective Clothing. Always
read SDS (Safety Data Sheet) before using these products.
C. Spot cleaning and pre-treating. Use commercially available
detergents with a pH greater than 6.0 and less than 10.5. Many
household detergents fall within this range. Always check SDS and
product instructions before use.
no chlorine bleach
11.3 SPOT CLEANING
A. Use a cleaning agent that is safe for use on protective clothing fabrics
to clean light spots and stains on Pants.
B. Apply the cleaner one or two times on soiled areas according to the
cleaning agent manufacturer's instructions on dilution and application.
C. Gently rub the fabric together.
D. Thoroughly and carefully rinse Pants with cool water.
11.4 PRETREATING
A. Apply pretreating agent onto the soiled areas according to
the pretreating agent manufacturer's instructions on dilution
and application.
B. Thoroughly and carefully rinse the Pants with cool water.
C. Place Pants into washing machine and follow the wash procedures
in this section.
11.5 HEAVILY SOILED AREAS
A. Air dry Pants before applying cleaning product.
B. Saturate the heavily soiled and surrounding area according to the
cleaning agent manufacturer's instructions on dilution and application.
Follow the cleaning product instructions for duration of soaking.
C. Use a soft bristle brush (toothbrush or fingernail-type brush dipped in
water) to gently scrub the soiled area for 1 or 2 minutes.
D. Thoroughly and carefully rinse Pants with cool water.
E. Repeat steps B-D if necessary.
F. Place Pants into the washing machine as instructed in the wash
procedures in this Section.

17
WARNING

!
Do not hang Pants to dry in direct or indirect sunlight, or in fluorescent light.
Light will severely reduce the strength of the seams, and will discolor and
greatly reduce the strength and protective qualities of the components
of the Pants.
11.9 DO NOT DRY CLEAN
Never dry-clean your Pants. Dry-cleaning will damage the Pants and
reduce its protective qualities.
11.6 MACHINE WASHING
Preparation
Before washing, make sure you comply with all federal, state, and
local guidelines for handling effluents from utility sinks.
A. Pretreat heavily soiled Pants following steps in the Spot cleaning
and Pretreating procedures, in Sections 11.4-11.6 of this Guide.
B. Fasten all closures and turn the Pants inside out or place in a
large laundry bag that can be tied shut to avoid damage to the
wash tub.
C. Fasten all hook and loop closures to each other to reduce the
likelihood of damage to delicate parts of your Pants.
Machine Settings
Use a front loading extractor or front loading washing machine with
a tumbling action for washing. Do not use a top-loading machine,
because it will not wash your Pants as thoroughly, and the agitator will
damage the Pants and reduce its durability and protective value.
The following machine settings should be used:
A. Wash temperature should be 105oF.
B. Normal Cycle.
C. Double Rinse. Double rinsing removes residual dirt and insures
detergent removal. If your machine will not automatically double
rinse, a complete second rinse cycle should be run without
adding detergent.
Wash Procedures
A. Load machine with Pants to be washed. Follow machine
manufacturer’s instructions for proper load size.
B. Add detergent per manufacturer’s instructions. Never use
Chlorine bleach; non-chlorine bleach may be used. Ensure
accurate measuring tools are used for correct detergent dosage.
See Section 11.3 of this Section for cleaning agents.
C. Set washing machine on normal cycle and start the wash cycle.
11.7 DRYING
A. Remove Pants from washing machine and turn them inside
out to expose the inner surfaces. Dry by hanging in a shaded
area that receives good cross ventilation or use a fan to
circulate the air.
B. Do not use automatic dryers because the mechanical action
and excessive heat may damage or shrink your Pants.
water
temperature
warm
105oF
no chlorine
bleach
in the
shade
never
tumble dry
never
dry-clean
machine
wash cycle
line dry/hang
to dry

18
WARNING

!
Only a trained expert in decontamination should attempt to decontaminate your
Pants. Contact a LION TotalCare®Center to seek assistance in determining whether
decontamination is possible, and the name of the appropriate organization to perform
decontamination.
WARNING

!
To reduce the risk of harm from hazardous substances present in the products of fire
combustion, building materials, you MUST wash, and if necessary, decontaminate or
disinfect your Pants after each exposure to such hazardous substances.
WARNING

!
Before any repairs are made to your Pants, it must be washed, decontaminated, and
disinfected in accordance with this Guide. It is a violation of OSHA guidelines to expect
workers to alter or repair soiled and possibly contaminated or infected Pants.
All repairs should be done by LION or factory designated facilities. Repairs made to
garments by unlisted companies may invalidate all warranties and my expose the wearer
to hazardous or life threatening conditions. Please refer to the back of this Guide for
the list of LION TotalCare®Centers at the time of printing this Guide. For other factory
designated facilities, call LION at [phone].
11.9 DECONTAMINATION AND DISINFECTION
Applicable Standard. You must read and
have facilities and procedures in compliance
with NFPA 1581 Standard for Fire Department
Infection Control Program.
Preparation. Remove contaminated and
infected NFPA 1951 Utility/NFPA 1977/
NFPA 1975 Tri-Certified Pants from wearer
and from service before beginning. Pants
should remain out of service until
decontaminated and disinfected. Wear
protective gloves, protective eyewear and
appropriate protective clothing and equipment
while decontaminating and disinfecting.

!
CAUTION
Personnel involved in
the handling, sorting,
bagging, transporting,
and laundering of
contaminated NFPA
1951 Utility/NFPA
1977/NFPA 1975
Tri-Certified Pants must
wear utility gloves,
protective eyewear and
appropriate protective
clothing to prevent
occupational exposure
during these activities.
A. Hazardous Substances (Soot, Smoke, and Debris).
To reduce the risks associated with exposure to the hazardous substances
found in the products of fire combustion, you MUST wash, dry, and store
your garments according to the procedures in this section.
11.10 LAUNDRY SAFETY
In the health care field, Laundry and House Keeping personnel are considered to
be among those at risk to not only hazardous materials, but also to bloodborne
pathogens primarily by exposure to sharps. Your fire department should have
a Bloodborne Pathogens Written Exposure Control Plan. Part of this plan is
decontamination, disinfection, and washing of Pants, and it should include LAUNDRY
ROOM SAFETY PROCEDURES and HOUSEKEEPING SAFETY PROCEDURES.
You should follow all appropriate federal, state, and local regulations.
12. REPAIRS

19
WARNING

!
Avoid storing your Pants in temperature extremes. Repeated cycles of heating and
cooling can reduce the protective qualities and useful life of the Pants. See Section 14
of this Guide for limitations on useful life.
WARNING

!
NEVER STORE YOUR GARMENT IN DIRECT SUNLIGHT, INDIRECT SUNLIGHT,
OR IN FLUORESCENT LIGHT. Exposure to light (particularly light in the sun’s rays and
fluorescent light) will severely weaken and damage the components in your Pants after
only A FEW DAYS. Damage caused by exposure to light cannot be repaired, nor will the
manufacturer cover such damage in its warranty. (See Warranty Information, Section 16
of this Guide.)
13. STORAGE
Between incidents, and for longer-term storage, hang your
Pants out of light and away from sharp objects that may
cause tears or snags in the fabric.
Use fans to provide good ventilation to dry Pants that may
have absorbed water or sweat after an incident, and to
assist in the removal of contaminants that may not have
been removed by washing.
Always wash and dry your Pants in accordance
with Section 11 of this Guide and before hanging in
long-term storage.

!
CAUTION
Never store your Pants
in living quarters with
personal belongings,
or within the passenger
compartment of a
vehicle. Prolonged
exposure to
contaminants remaining
in the Pants may
increase the risk of
cancer or other diseases.
14. RETIREMENT
14.1 USEFUL LIFE AND RETIREMENT
NFPA 1951 Utility, NFPA 1977, and NFPA 1975 performance requirements are
based on new, unworn Pants and Composites. Useful life is the period of time
that Pants, which have been properly cared for, can be expected to provide
reasonable limited protection. Useful life is normally 4 years, depending on the
materials and the conditions of wear, maintenance, and storage. Useful life is
highly unlikely to be more than 5 years. A general rule recommended by SAFER
and provided in the appendix of the NFPA 1851 is that a Pants should be retired
when the costs of repair would exceed 50% of the replacement cost.
The useful life of a Pants will vary according to the following factors:
• Weight and type of weave of fabric
• Age and frequency of use
• Type of work the wearer performed
• The length of exposure to extreme heat, and the intensity of the heat
• The length of exposure to direct or indirect sunlight, or other light sources
such as fluorescent light
• Pants more than 5 years old
Assess your Pants at each regular inspection to determine whether it has
exceeded its useful life and must be retired
Trained professionals with in-depth knowledge of Pants and their limitations
should handle the details of a retirement program. If you have any questions
about the useful life and retirement of your Pants, get assistance before
wearing it into any emergency situation! Contact a trained expert within your
organization, LION, or a LION TotalCare®Center.

20
WARNING

!
Never use retired Pants for training purposes. Use of retired Pants in hazardous
situations could result in serious injury or death.
14.2 OUTER SHELL COLOR OR SHADE CHANGES
Pants textiles may experience color or shade changes during their useful life as
a result of washing and/or exposure to fireground conditions. Shade changes
normally do not affect the fabric's protective properties. Nonetheless, inspect
your Pants according to section 6 of this guide.
HOW LONG IS USEFUL LIFE?
• NFPA 1951 Utility, NFPA 1977, and NFPA 1975 performance requirements are
based on new, unworn Pants and Composites. Useful life varies depending on
Pants materials selected, conditions of wear, maintenance, and storage, but is
normally 4 years.
• Pants more than five (5) years old and made to earlier versions of the NFPA Standard
are highly likely to have exceeded their useful life and must be retired!

!
CAUTION
Most performance properties of the Pants and its components cannot be tested by the
user in the field.
15. DISPOSAL
Retired uncontaminated Pants must be destroyed to prevent unauthorized or
mistaken use. Cut uncontaminated, retired Pants into several pieces and dispose
of properly. One suggested method of disposal is a landfill.
Retired Pants contaminated with blood or body fluids or hazardous chemicals
should be placed in a plastic bag and properly disposed of. Follow federal, state,
and local regulations governing disposal of contaminated materials.