Moxa Technologies ioThinx 4530 Series User manual

ioThinx 4530 Series Linux User’s Manual
Version 1.0, January 2019
www.moxa.com/product
© 2019 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.

ioThinx 4530 Series Linux User’s Manual
The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance
with the terms of that agreement.
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© 2019 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 1-1
2. Getting Started.................................................................................................................................. 2-1
Connecting to the ioThinx 4530 Controller .............................................................................................2-2
Connecting Through the Serial Console .......................................................................................... 2-2
Connecting Through the SSH Console ............................................................................................2-4
User Account Management................................................................................................................... 2-6
Switching to the Root Account ...................................................................................................... 2-6
Creating and Deleting User Accounts .............................................................................................2-6
Disabling the Default User Account ................................................................................................2-6
Network Settings ................................................................................................................................2-7
Configuring Ethernet Interfaces.....................................................................................................2-7
System Administration ........................................................................................................................ 2-8
Querying the Firmware Version .....................................................................................................2-8
Adjusting the Time ......................................................................................................................2-8
Setting the Time Zone .................................................................................................................2-9
Determining Available Drive Space...................................................................................................... 2-10
Shutting Down the Device.................................................................................................................. 2-11
3. Firmware Update and System Recovery ............................................................................................ 3-1
Firmware Update and Set-to-Default Functions....................................................................................... 3-2
Set-to-Default.............................................................................................................................3-2
Firmware Update Using an SFTP Server or microSD Card .................................................................3-2
4. Programming Guide .......................................................................................................................... 4-1
A. Cycle Time Calculation ...................................................................................................................... A-1

1
1. Introduction
This user’s manual applies to the ioThinx 4530 Series models listed below:
ioThinx 4530 Series
•ioThinx 4533-LX Series
Detailed instructions on configuring advanced settings are covered in Chapters 3 and 4.

2
2. Getting Started
In this chapter, we describe how to configure basic settings for the ioThinx 4530 controller.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:

Connecting to the ioThinx 4530 Controller
Connecting Through the Serial Console
Connecting Through the SSH Console

User Account Management
Switching to the Root Account
Creating and Deleting User Accounts
Disabling the Default User Account

Network Settings
Configuring Ethernet Interfaces

System Administration
Querying the Firmware Version
Adjusting the Time
Setting the Time Zone

Determining Available Drive Space

Shutting Down the Device

ioThinx 4530 Linux Manual Getting Started
2-2
Connecting to the ioThinx 4530 Controller
You will need to use a computer to connect to the ioThinx 4530 controller and to log in through the
command line interface. There are two ways to connect: through the serial console port or through the
Ethernet port. Refer to the ioThinx 4530 Series Hardware Manual to see how to set up the physical
connections.
The default login username and password are:
Username: moxa
Password: moxa
The username and password are the same for all serial console and SSH remote log in actions. Root account
login is disabled until you manually create a password for the account. The user moxa is in the sudo group
so that you can operate system level commands with this user using the sudo command. For additional
details, see the Sudo Mechanism section in chapter 5.
ATTENTION
For security reasons, we recommend that you disable the default user account and create your own user
accounts.
Connecting Through the Serial Console
This method is particularly useful when using the computer for the first time. The signal is transmitted over
a direct serial connection so you do not need to know either of its two IP addresses in order to connect to
the ioThinx 4530 controller. To connect through the serial console, configure your PC’s terminal software
using the following settings.
Serial Console Port Settings
Baudrate 115200 bps
Parity None
Data bits 8
Stop bits 1
Flow control None
Terminal VT100
Below we show how to use the terminal software to connect to the ioThinx 4530 controller in a Linux
environment and in a Windows environment.
Linux Users
NOTE
These steps apply to the Linux PC you are using to connect to the
ioThinx 4530 controller. Do NOT apply
these steps to the
ioThinx 4530 controller itself.
Take the following steps to connect to the ioThinx 4530 controller from your Linux PC.
1. Install minicom from the package repository of your operating system.
For Centos and Fedora:
user@PC1:~# yum -y install minicom
For Ubuntu and Debian:
user@PC2:~# apt-get install minicom
2. Use the minicom –s command to enter the configuration menu and set up the serial port settings.
user@PC1:~# minicom –s

ioThinx 4530 Linux Manual Getting Started
2-3
3. Select Serial port setup.
4. Select Ato change the serial device. Note that you need to know which device node is connected to the
ioThinx 4530 controller.
5. Select Eto configure the port settings according to the Serial Console Port Settings table provided.
6. Select Save setup as dfl (from the main configuration menu) to use default values.
7. Select Exit from minicom (from the configuration menu) to leave the configuration menu.
8. Execute minicom after completing the above configurations.
user@PC1:~# minicom
Windows Users
NOTE
These steps apply to the Windows PC you are using to connect to the
ioThinx 4530 controller
. Do NOT apply
these steps to the
ioThinx 4530 controller itself.
Take the following steps to connect to the ioThinx 4530 controller from your Windows PC.
1. Download PuTTY http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html to set up a serial
connection with the ioThinx 4530 controller in a Windows environment.
2. Once the connection is established, the following window will open.

ioThinx 4530 Linux Manual Getting Started
2-4
3. Select the Serial connection type and choose settings.
Connecting Through the SSH Console
The ioThinx 4530 controller supports SSH connections over an Ethernet network. Use the following default
IP addresses to connect to the ioThinx 4530 controller.
Port Default IP
LAN 1 192.168.127.254
LAN 2 192.168.126.254
Linux Users
NOTE
These
steps apply to the Linux PC you are using to connect to the ioThinx 4530 controller. Do NOT apply
these steps to the
ioThinx 4530 controller itself. Before you run the ssh command, be sure to configure the
IP address of your notebook/PC's Ethernet interfac
e in the range of 192.168.127.0/24 for LAN1 and
192.168.
126.0/24 for LAN2.
Use the ssh command from a Linux computer to access the ioThinx 4530 controller’s LAN1 port.
user@PC1:~ ssh [email protected]. 127.254
Type yes to complete the connection.
The authenticity of host ‘192.168.
127.254’ can’t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 8b:ee:ff:84:41:25:fc:cd:2a:f2:92:8f:cb:1f:6b:2f.
Are you sure you want to continue connection (yes/no)? yes_

ioThinx 4530 Linux Manual Getting Started
2-5
ATTENTION
Rekey SSH regularly
In or
der to secure your system, we suggest doing a regular SSH-rekey, as shown in the following steps:
When prompted for a passphrase, leave the passphrase empty and press enter.
moxa@Moxa:~$ cd /etc/ssh
moxa@Moxa:~$ sudo rm –rf
ssh_host_ed25519_key2 ssh_host_ecdsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key
ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
moxa@Moxa:~$ sudo ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
moxa@Moxa:~$ sudo ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
moxa@Moxa:~$ sudo ssh-keygen -t ecdsa –f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
moxa@Moxa:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh restart
For more information about SSH, refer to the following link.
https://wiki.debian.org/SSH
Windows Users
NOTE
These steps apply to the Windows PC you are using to connect to the
ioThinx 4530 controller
. Do NOT apply
these steps to the
ioThinx 4530 controller itself.
Take the following steps from your Windows PC.
Click on the link http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html to download PuTTY
(free software) to set up an SSH console for the ioThinx 4530 controller in a Windows environment. The
following figure shows a simple example of the configuration that is required.
NOTE
The ioThinx 4530 Series only supports SSH connections.

ioThinx 4530 Linux Manual Getting Started
2-6
User Account Management
Switching to the Root Account
You can switch to root using sudo -i (or sudo su). For security reasons, do not operate the all
commands from the root account.
NOTE
Click the following link for more information on the sudo command.
https://wiki.debian.org/sudo
ATTENTION
You m
ight get the permission denied message when using pipe or redirect behavior with a non-root
account.
You must use
‘sudo su –c’ to run the command instead of using >, <, >>, <<, etc.
Note
:The single quotes around the full command are required.
Creating and Deleting User Accounts
You can use the useradd and userdel commands to create and delete user accounts. Be sure to
reference the main page of these commands to set relevant access privileges for the account. The following
example shows how to create a test1 user in the sudo group whose default login shell is bash and has
home directory at /home/test1:
moxa@Moxa:~# sudo useradd -m -G sudo -s /bin/bash test1
To change the password for test1, use the passwd option along with the new password. Retype the
password to confirm the change.
moxa@Moxa:~# sudo passwd test1
Enter new UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully
To delete user test1, use the userdel command.
moxa@Moxa:~# sudo userdel test1
Disabling the Default User Account
ATTENTION
You should first create a user account before you disable the default account.
Use the passwd command to lock the default user account so the user moxa cannot log in.
root@Moxa:~# passwd –l moxa
Type the following command to unlock the user moxa:
root@Moxa:~# passwd –u moxa