Nokia NPL-4 Series User manual

Nokia Customer Care
NPL-4/5/RM-104 Series Transceivers
NPL-4/5/RM-104 Copyright © 2005 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved.
System Module and User
Interface

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System Module and User Interface Nokia Customer Care
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NPL-4/5/
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Table of Contents
Page No
Glossary of Terms.......................................................................................................... 7
Introduction.................................................................................................................. 10
Electrical modules .....................................................................................................10
Interconnection diagram ............................................................................................10
Temperature conditions .............................................................................................11
Humidity ....................................................................................................................11
System Module ............................................................................................................ 12
Baseband module .......................................................................................................12
Technical summary ....................................................................................................13
PWB........................................................................................................................ 15
DC characteristics ......................................................................................................15
External and internal signals and connections ...........................................................18
UI board interface signals ..........................................................................................24
Display interface signals ......................................................................................... 25
System connector interface signals ............................................................................26
SIM interface signals .................................................................................................27
FCI interface signals ..................................................................................................28
Camera interface signals ............................................................................................28
FM radio interface signals .........................................................................................29
Compass interface signals ..........................................................................................30
Functional Description................................................................................................. 31
Modes of operation ....................................................................................................31
No supply ...................................................................................................................31
Backup .......................................................................................................................31
Acting dead ................................................................................................................31
Active .........................................................................................................................31
Sleep mode .................................................................................................................32
Charging ....................................................................................................................33
Power up and reset .....................................................................................................33
Power up with PWR key ............................................................................................34
Power up when charger is connected .........................................................................34
Battery ........................................................................................................................34
A/D channels .............................................................................................................36
Digital camera ............................................................................................................36
FM radio ....................................................................................................................37
Electrical compass .....................................................................................................38
Thermometer ..............................................................................................................38
Backup battery ...........................................................................................................39
SIM interface .............................................................................................................39
FCI (Functional Cover Interface) .............................................................................40
Memory ......................................................................................................................41
External memory .......................................................................................................42
Compass....................................................................................................................... 43
Earth magnetic field ...................................................................................................43
Heading angle or azimuth (a)................................................................................. 44
Inclination (d).......................................................................................................... 44
Declination (l) ......................................................................................................... 44

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System Module and User Interface Nokia Customer Care
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Tilt (s)...................................................................................................................... 45
HW Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 46
HW block functions ...................................................................................................46
Magnetometer Sensor .................................................................................................. 48
Main features .............................................................................................................48
Block diagram ............................................................................................................49
Magnetometer control interface .................................................................................49
Pin Assignment ....................................................................................................... 49
Test Circuitry ............................................................................................................... 51
MagIC ASIC ........................................................................................................... 51
Main features .............................................................................................................52
Block diagram and functional descriptions ...............................................................52
MagIC control interface .............................................................................................53
Pin assignment......................................................................................................... 53
MagIC ASIC interface - Magnetometer sensor....................................................... 53
MagIC ASIC – UPP interface................................................................................. 54
MagIC ASIC – UEME interface............................................................................. 55
MagIC ASIC – UPP - External power supply interface.......................................... 55
MagIC - magnetometer sensor interface for constant current driver ...................... 56
Power supplies ...........................................................................................................56
Introduction............................................................................................................. 56
Using VIO for DVDD supply ................................................................................. 56
Using external regulator for AVDD........................................................................ 56
Compass and phone basics ........................................................................................57
Phone directions .........................................................................................................57
General description ....................................................................................................58
Operation modes ..................................................................................................... 58
Compass function main features ................................................................................58
Compass display menu............................................................................................ 58
Compass display results.......................................................................................... 58
Compass calibration SW ............................................................................................59
User assisted calibration.......................................................................................... 59
Compass declination menu ........................................................................................59
Testpoints..................................................................................................................... 60
Set/Reset ....................................................................................................................60
VBRIDGE ..................................................................................................................60
Channel output A .......................................................................................................60
Channel output B .......................................................................................................60
Service Software Interface (Phoenix) .......................................................................... 61
Manual calibration ................................................................................................61
Performance ................................................................................................................. 62
Calibration basics .......................................................................................................62
Calibration process flow ............................................................................................63
Compass digital values, limit values .........................................................................63
Clock distribution ......................................................................................................65
User Interface............................................................................................................... 66
Display .......................................................................................................................66
UI Board ....................................................................................................................67

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Power supply for LEDs .............................................................................................68
Keyboard LEDs driver ...............................................................................................69
Display and air bubble LED driver ............................................................................69
RM-104 standby light design.................................................................................. 70
Blinking: ...............................................................................................................70
On, but not blinking: .............................................................................................70
Off: ........................................................................................................................70
Flashlight LEDs driver ..............................................................................................71
Internal microphone ...................................................................................................71
Internal speaker ..........................................................................................................73
IHF .............................................................................................................................73
Headset connections ..................................................................................................74
Vibra ..........................................................................................................................75
RF Module ................................................................................................................... 76
RF frequency plan................................................................................................... 77
DC characteristics ......................................................................................................78
Regulators................................................................................................................ 78
Power distribution................................................................................................... 79
RF characteristics .......................................................................................................80
RF block diagram.................................................................................................... 81
RF block diagram NPL-4/5 & RM-104 .................................................................. 81
Frequency synthesizers ........................................................................................... 82
Receiver................................................................................................................... 82
Transmitter.............................................................................................................. 83
Antenna switch module........................................................................................... 84
Power Amplifier...................................................................................................... 85
RF ASIC Helgo....................................................................................................... 86
AFC function........................................................................................................... 86
Antenna .................................................................................................................. 86
List of Figures
Page No
Fig 1 Interconnection diagram.............................................................................................10
Fig 2 Baseband blocks........................................................................................................13
Fig 3 PWB vias....................................................................................................................15
Fig 4 Power Distribution Diagram.......................................................................................18
Fig 5 Battery Pack Contacts.................................................................................................35
Fig 6 Camera Connections to Baseband..............................................................................37
Fig 7 FM Radio Audio-, Antenna- and Digital Interface Connections ...............................37
Fig 8 Baseband and Compass Interface...............................................................................38
Fig 9 Ambient Temperature Sensor Interface to BB...........................................................39
Fig 10 UPP/UEMEK SIM Interface Connections...............................................................40
Fig 11 FCI Interface.............................................................................................................41
Fig 12 FCI Connector Pin Order on PWB...........................................................................41
Fig 13 Earth’s Magnetic Field .............................................................................................44
Fig 14 Earths’s Magnetic Field Components ......................................................................45
Fig 15 Block Diagram..........................................................................................................46
Fig 16 Magnetometer Sensor Block Diagram .....................................................................49

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System Module and User Interface Nokia Customer Care
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Fig 17 Pin Assignment In Package......................................................................................50
Fig 18 Test Circuitry............................................................................................................51
Fig 19 Offset strap coil current effect..................................................................................51
Fig 20 Block Diagram..........................................................................................................52
Fig 21 Directions Through Phone........................................................................................57
Fig 22 Timing and Voltage Level l......................................................................................60
Fig 23 What Happened on Calibration (Track on x/y Plane while rotating).......................63
Fig 24 Clock Distribution Diagram .....................................................................................65
Fig 25 User Interface Connections ......................................................................................66
Fig 26 Display Block...........................................................................................................67
Fig 27 UI Board...................................................................................................................67
Fig 28 VLED Voltage Supply .............................................................................................68
Fig 29 Keyboard Led Driver and Control Diagram.............................................................69
Fig 30 Display and Air Bubble LEDs driver and Control Diagram....................................70
Fig 31 Standby light connections.........................................................................................70
Fig 32 Flashlight Driver and Control...................................................................................71
Fig 33 Microphone Connection...........................................................................................72
Fig 34 IEarpiece Connection ...............................................................................................73
Fig 35 IHF Connection ........................................................................................................73
Fig 36 NPL-4/5 Audio Connections....................................................................................75
Fig 37 RF Frequency plan ...................................................................................................77
Fig 38 Power distribution diagram ....................................................................................79
Fig 39 RF Block Diagram....................................................................................................81
Fig 40 Antenna Switch Module ..........................................................................................85
Fig 41 Power Amplifier ......................................................................................................86

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Glossary of Terms
ACI Accessory Control Interface
ADC Analog-Digital Converter
AEC Acoustic Echo Canceller
AFC Automatic Frequency Control
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AIF Application Interface
API Application Programming Interface
ARM Processor architecture
ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
BB Baseband
CCI Camera Control Interface
CCP Compact Camera Port
CMT Cellular Mobile Telephone (MCU and DSP)
CPU Central Processing Unit
CTSI Clocking Timing Sleep Interrupt
CSP Chip Scale Package
DAC Digital-Analog Converter
DAI Digital Audio Interface
DB Dual band
DCT3 Digital Core Technology, 3rd generation
DCN Offset Cancellation control signal
DLL Dynamic Link Library
DRC Dynamic Range Controller
DSP Digital Signal Processor

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System Module and User Interface Nokia Customer Care
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EGSM Extended – GSM
EFR Enhanced Full Rate
EGPRS Enhanced General Packet Radio Service
EMC Electromagnetic compatibility
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
EXT RF External RF
FBUS Asynchronous Full Duplex Serial Bus
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
HS Half Rate Speech
HSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched Data
IC Integrated Circuit
I/O Input/Output
IrDA Infrared Association
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
MBUS 1-wire half duplex serial bus
MCU Micro Controller Unit
MDI MCU-DSP Interface
MFI Modulator and Filter Interface
PA Transmit Power Amplifier
PC Personal Computer
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
PCM SIO Synchronous serial bus for PCM audio transferring

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PCMCIA PC Memory Card International Association
PIFA Planar Inverted F-antenna
PWB Printed Wiring Board
RF Radio Frequency
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
UEMEK Enhanced Universal Energy Management
UI User Interface
UPP Universal Phone Processor
VCXO Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator
VCTCXO Voltage Controlled Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator.

NPL-4/5/RM-104
System Module and User Interface Nokia Customer Care
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Introduction
Electrical modules
This document describes electrical modules NPL-4/5 and RM-104. Because the electrical
modules are mainly the same, the differencies between modules are mentioned in the
text or otherwise only NPL-4/5 is mentioned.
The system module consists of Radio Frequency (RF) and baseband (BB). User Interface
(UI) contains display, keyboard, IR link, vibra, HF/HS connector and audio parts.
FM radio is located on the main PWB.
The electrical part of the keyboard is located in separate UI PWB. It is connected to radio
PWB through spring connectors.
The Baseband blocks provide the MCU, DSP, external memory interface and digital con-
trol functions in the UPP ASIC. Power supply circuitry, charging, audio processing and RF
control hard ware are in the UEMEK ASIC.
The purpose of the RF block is to receive and demodulate the radio frequency signal from
the base station and to transmit a modulated RF signal to the base station.
The UI module is described in a dedicated section of the manual.
Interconnection diagram
Figure 1: Interconnection diagram
IHF
speaker
T
omahawk
Accessories
Keyboard
module
Microphone IR Link Earpiece
Antenna Charger
BatterySIM
Display
Module
NHL-4
Radio
NPL-4/5
Flashlight

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Temperature conditions
Specifications are met within range of -10...+55 deg. C ambient temperature
Storage temperature range -40...+70 deg. C
Humidity
Relative humidity range is 5... 95%.
This module is not protected against water. Condensated or splashed water might cause
malfunction momentary. Long term wetness will cause permanent damage.

NPL-4/5/RM-104
System Module and User Interface Nokia Customer Care
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System Module
The System module (or Engine) consists of Baseband and RF sub-modules, each described
below.
Baseband module
Product NPL-4/5 is a DCT4 Active segment phone. There are two variants: An EGSM900 /
GSM1800 / GSM1900 phone and a US variant with GSM850/1800/1900.
RM-104 is an EU variant EGSM900/GSM1800/GSM1900 phone.
The HW has the following features:
• HSCSD, GPRS (MSC10) and EGPRS (MSC6)
• DCT4 engine with UPP8M v4.2 and UEMEk v2.0
• AMR and 16 MIDI tones
• 128/16 Mbit Psram Combo memory
• Passive display with 4k colours, RM-104 has passive display with 65k colours
• Battery BL-5B
• Pop-Port interface
• 5-way navigation key with select
• Electrical compass
• FCI on bottom cover
• VGA Camera
•Vibra
•IHF
•FMRadio
•IrDA
•Torch
• PTT key
•Sidekeys
The NPL-4/5 BB is based on the DCT4 engine and is compatible to the Pop-Port accesso-
ries. The DCT4/4.5 engine consists basically of two ASICs. The UEMEK (Enhanced Univer-
sal Energy Management) IC including voltage regulators, charge control and audio
circuits, audio IFH amplifier from DCT4.5) and the UPP (Universal Phone Processor
including MCU, DSP and RAM from DCT4).

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Technical summary
The picture below shows the main Baseband function blocks
Figure 2: Baseband blocks.
Baseband is running from power rails 2.8V analog voltage and 1.8V I/O voltage. UPP core
voltages can be lowered down to 1.0V, 1.3V and 1.5V. UEMEK includes 7 linear LDO (Low
Drop-Out) regulator for baseband and 7 regulators for RF. It also includes 4 current
sources for biasing purposes and internal usage. UEMEK also includes SIM interface
which has supports both 1.8V and 3V SIM cards. Note: 5V SIM cards are no longer sup-
ported by DCT-4 generation baseband.
A real time clock function is integrated into the UEMEK, which utilizes the same 32kHz
clock supply as the sleep clock. A backup power supply is provided for the RTC-battery,
which keeps the real time clock running when the main battery is removed. The backup
power supply is a rechargeable surface mounted Li-Ion battery. The backup time with the
battery is 30 minutes minimum.
A UEMEK ASIC handles the analog interface between the baseband and the RF section.
UEMEK provides A/D and D/A conversion of the in-phase and quadrature receive and
transmit signal paths and also A/D and D/A conversions of received and transmitted
audio signals to and from the user interface.
The UEMEK supplies the analog TXC and AFC signals to RF section according to the UPP
DSP digital control. Data transmission between the UEMEK and the UPP is implemented
using two serial busses, DBUS for DSP and CBUS for MCU. There are also separate signals
for PDM coded audio. Digital speech processing is handled by the DSP inside UPP ASIC.
UEMEk UPP8M
V4.2
System connector
Tomahaw
k
DC
j
ack
Charge
RF Interface
PSRAM
COMBO
128Mbit
Flash
16Mbit
PSRAM
Keyboard
1.8 V
IR
FM radio
TEA5767
St
HWA
STV0900
VGA VV6450
Vibra
SIM
LCD
Passive colour
STN
Compass
IHF
Keyboard
Illumination
Display
Illumination
Flashlight
BATTERY BL-5B
DC/
DC
FCI
D-class
A
mplifier

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System Module and User Interface Nokia Customer Care
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UEMEK is a dual voltage circuit, the digital parts are running from the baseband supply
1.8V and the analog parts are running from the analog supply 2.78V.
VBAT is directly used for Vibra, LED-driver, Audio amplifier and FCI (Functional Cover
Interface).
The baseband architecture supports a power saving function called ”sleep mode”. This
sleep mode shuts off the VCTCXO, which is used as system clock source for both RF and
baseband. During the sleep mode the system runs from a 32 kHz crystal. The phone is
waken up by a timer running from this 32 kHz clock supply. The sleep time is determined
by network parameters. Sleep mode is entered when both the MCU and the DSP are in
standby mode and the normal VCTCXO clock is switched off.
The baseband supports both internal and external microphone inputs and speaker out-
puts. UEMEK also includes third microphone input. This input is used for FM-radio. Input
and output signal source selection and gain control is done by the UEMEK according to
control messages from the UPP. Keypad tones, DTMF, and other audio tones are gener-
ated and encoded by the UPP and transmitted to the UEMEK for decoding. An external
vibra alert control signals are generated by the UEMEK with separate PWM outputs.
The NPL-4/5 uses D-class amplifier to amplifying IHF speaker audios. It gives more sound
pressure from speaker and efficiency is in good level to improve thermal performance
compared to AB-class.
VGA Camera is connected to baseband (UPP) through HW accelerator IC. The camera
data bus is common with display bus. The HWA is taking care of camera control and it is
compressing the pictures.
NPL-4/5 has 2-axes electrical compass. It is implemented with magnetoresistive sensor
and MagIC ASIC.
NPL-4/5 has two serial control interfaces: FBUS and MBUS. FBUS and MBUS can be
accessed through production test pattern and FBUS can be also accessed thought Toma-
hawk System Connector.
The FCI interface is located to front bottom side area of the phone. This means that only
B-cover can be an active cover.
EMC shielding is implemented using a metal body profile, RF cans and PWB grounding.
Some components are outside of shielding. Heat generated by the circuitry is conducted
out via the PWB ground planes and by using buried vias between PWB layers.

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PWB
Characteristics of the PWB
8 layer board
Double side assembled
Figure 3: PWB vias
DC characteristics
Table 1: Battery voltage range
SignalNote
Battery Voltage
(Idle) -0.3…5.5V
Battery Voltage
(Call) Max 4.8V
Charger Input
Voltage -0.3V …16V
TOP
BOTTOM
V
ia through all
la
y
ers
RCC
RCC
Blind vias
Buried via through
internal layers

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Table 2: UEMEK Regulators
Min Nom Max Max Sleep Max
VFLASH1 2.61 2.78 2.95 70 1.5
VIO 1.72 1.8 1.88 150 0.5
1.745 1.8 1.855
2.91 3 3.09
VAUX2 2.7 2.78 2.86 70 0.5
VAUX3 2.7 2.78 2.86 10 0.5
1.745 1.8 1.855
2.91 3 3.09
VR1A/B 4.6 4.75 4.9 10 -
2.7 2.78 2.86
-2.61 -2.78 -2.95
VR3 2.7 2.78 2.86 20 -
VR4 2.7 2.78 2.86 50 0.1
VR5 2.7 2.78 2.86 50 0.1
VR6 2.7 2.78 2.86 50 0.1
VR7 2.7 2.78 2.86 45 -
VR2 100 -
VSIM 25 0.5
VAUX1 50 0.5
VCORE 1.48 1.57 1.66 200 0.2
Name Voltage (V) Current (mA)
VANA 2.7 2.78 2.86 80

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Table 3: 1-3 External Regulators
Min Nom Max Sleep Iq Max
VCAMDIG 1.755 1.8 1.845 0.0015 150 Power
supply for
camera
digital
parts. Imax
= 150mA.
Cam and
HWA max
current
60mA
VANA_EXT 2.72 2.8 2.88 0.0015 150 Power
supply for
camera,
compass
and FM-
radio
analog
parts. Imax
= 150mA.
Signal
name
Voltage (V) Current (mA) Note

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Figure 4: Power Distribution Diagram
External and internal signals and connections
This section describes the external and internal electrical connection and interface levels
on the baseband. The electrical interface specifications are collected into tables that
covers a connector or a defined interface.
UEMEk
VR1A
VR1B
VR2
VR3
VR4
VR5
VR6
VR7
IPA1
IPA2
IPA3
RF UPP
v4.2 COMBO
128/16M
V
IO
V
CORE
V
AUX2
V
AUX3
V
AUX1
V
AN
A
V
FLASH1
V
SIM
COMPASS
SIM
FM-
Radio
HWA and
Camera
UEME
analog
parts LCD
CSTN
Ext. 1.8V
regulator
BL-5B Battery
Tomahawk /
Vout
Charger
VIBRA
IHF PA
D-class
FCI
Interfac
V
IO
V
BATRF
V
BATRF
DC/DC
Flashlight Disp and
keypad
Illumination
IR
module
UEME
digital parts
Ext. 2.8V
regulator
V
BAT
POPPORT

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Table 4: AC and DC Characteristics of DCT4 RF-Baseband Voltage Supplies
Signal
name
From To Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Function
Voltage 2.95 3.6 4.2 V
Current 2000 MA
Current
drawn by
PA when
”off”
0.8 2 µA
VR1A Voltage 4.6 4.75 4.9 V
VR1B Current 2 10 MA
Noise
density
240 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
Voltage 2.7 2.78 2.86 V
Current 65 100 MA
Noise
density
f=100Hz 120 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
f>300Hz
Voltage 2.7 2.78 2.86 V
Current 1 20 MA
Noise
density
240 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
Voltage 2.7 2.78 2.86 V
Current 50 MA
Noise
density
f=6Hz 5500 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
f=60Hz 550
f>600Hz 55
Voltage 2.7 2.78 2.86 V
Current 50 MA
Noise
density
BW=100Hz.
.. 100kHZ
VR5 UEMEK HELGO85 Supply for
HELGO85PL
L; dividers,
LO- buffers,
prescaler,
240 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
VR4 UEMEK HELGO85 Supply for
HELGO85R
X; PA bias
blocks.
Noise
density
decades
20dB/deg
from 6Hz to
600 Hz.
From
f>600Hz
max. noise
density
nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
VR3 UEMEK VCTCXO,
HELGO85
Supply for
VCTCXO,
PLL digital
parts
UEMEK HELGO85 Supply for
charge
pump for
SHF VCO
tuning.
VR2 UEMEK HELGO85 Supply for
I/Q-
modulators,
buffers, ALS
VBAT Battery PA &
UEMEK
Battery
supply. Cut-
off level of
DCT4
regulators
is 3.2V.
Losses in
PWB tracks
and ferrites
are taken
account to
minimum
battery
voltage
level.

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Table 5: AC and DC Characteristics of DCT4 RF-Baseband Voltage Supplies
Voltage 2.7 2.78 2.86 V
Current 50 MA
Noise
density
BW=100Hz.
.. 100kHz
Voltage 2.7 2.78 2.86 V
Current 30 MA
Noise
density
100Hz<f<2
kHz
70 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
2kHz<f<10
kHz
55
10kHz<f<3
0kHz
35
30kHz<f<9
0kHz
30
90kHz<f<3
MHz
30
Voltage 1.334 1.35 1.366 V Voltage
Reference
for
HELGO85
DCN2
op.amps.
Current 100 µANote:
Below
600Hz
noise
density is
allowed to
increase 20
dB/oct
Temp Coef -65 65
µ
V
/C
Noise
density
BW=600Hz.
.. 100kHz
Note
Voltage
reference
for
HELGO85
bias block.
Not used
for
HELGO85
V
60 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)
VrefRF02 UEMEK VB_EXT Voltage 1.334 1.35 1.366
VrefRF01 UEMEK HELGO85
VR7 UEMEK SHF VCO Supply for
SHF VCO
VR6 UEMEK HELGO85 Supply for
HELGO85
BB and
LNAs
240 nVrms/
sqrt(Hz)