Olympus Cha-p User manual

OLY

MPUS

POLARIZING

MICROSCOPE

I

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

I

,(

MODEL

-

I

OLYMPUS

This

Instruction

manual

has

been

written

fartbs

use

of

the

Otympus

Polarizing

Micro-

mpe

Madel

CHA-F.

It

is

recommended

to

read

the

manual carafully

in

order

to

familierlze

youmlf

fully

with

the

USB

af

the

mimompeon

the

polarizing

attachment

IMPORTANT

-we

tlta

following

points

carefully:

1.

Always

handle the

microscope

with

the

care

it

deserves,

and

avoid

abrupt

motions.

2.

Avoid

exposure

of

the

microscope

to

direct

sunlight,

high

temperature

and

humidity,

dust

and

vibration.

If

the

microscope

is

used

in

ambient

temperature

higher

than

40'~

(104~~1,

it

ma

impede

its proper

function.

3

3.

Only

use

the

tension

adjustment

ring

for

atbring

the

tension of

the

coarse

adjustment.

Do

not

twist

the

two

coarse

adjustment

knobs in

the

opposite

directions

simultane-

ously,

which

might

cause

damage.

4.

Ascertain

that

the

line

voltage

selector

switch

on

the

base

plate

is

set

to

conform

with

the

local

mains

voltage.

1.

Lenses

must

always

i3e

kept

clean.

Fine

dust

on

lens

surfaces

should

be

blown

or

wiped

off

by

maam

of

an

air

blower

or

a

clean

brush.

Carefully

wipe

off

oil

or

finger-

prints

deposited

on

the

lens

sutfaces

with

gauze

moistened

with

a

small

amount

of

xylem,

alcohol

or

ether.

2.

Do

not

use

organic

solutlans

to

wipe

the

surFaces

of

various

camponants.

Plastic

parts,

especially,

should

be

cleaned

with

a

neutral

devteqent.

3. Never

diassemble

the

microscope

for

repair.

4.

The

miwascope

should

be

stored

in

its

container

immediately

after

uw.

If

this

is

not

possible,

it

should

be

mered

wivth

a

vinyl

dust

mr.

5.

Disconnect

the

line

cord

from

the

AC

power

source

kfore

fuse

replament.

CONTENTS

.....................................

I

.

STANDARD

EQUIPMENT

It

.

NOMENCLATURE

..........................................

In

. ~EMBLY

..............................................

N

. lDENTlFlCATlON

AND

FUNCTION

OF

VARIOUS

COMPONENTS

........

V.

OPERATION

..............................................

1

.

Adiustment

of

Minimum

Line

Voltage

2

.

lnterpupillary

Distance

and

Diopter Adjustments

......................................

.

3

Polarirer

Alignment

8

......................................

.

4

Centering

the

Stage

g

5

.

Centering

the

Objectives

6

. Use

of

Apenure

Irk

Diaphragm

.....................................

7. Focusing

Adjustment

10

8

. Orthosoopic

Observation

9

.

Conompic

Observation

...................................

11

............................................

Vl

. OPTICALDATA

12

........................................

VII

.

TROUBLESHOOTING

13

I.

STANDARD

EQUIPMENT

Model

Component

Microscope

stand

with

circular

rotatable

CHA-P-F

stage

and

quadruple

nmpiem

Intermediate

polarizing

attachment

AH-PA

Quarter

wave

plate

(retardation

1

47.7.3W

AH-TP147

SenltFw

tint

plate

(retardation

Wnyr)

AH-TP530

Polarizing

monocular

tube

(45")

CH-PMO

Polarizing

binocular

tube

(30°)

BH-PSI

Swing-out

polarizing

condenser

BH-PUC

Haim

lamp

socket

CLSH-B

Halogen

bulbs

BVIOWHAL

CHA-Pal

1

I

1

I

0

1

2

1

0

1

2

t

Objectives

(strain-f

reel

Evepieces

CHA-Pa1

1

0

1

2

1

2

1

PO

4x

W10X

P040X

AH-WF1OX

AH-Miwo

WF

1

QX

Spare

fuses

(MA

for

1110-1

113-12DV

or

0.3A

for

220-24\11

Vinyl

dust

cwer

I.

NOMENCLATURE

Photo:

Model

CHA-P-651.

Model

CHA-P-051

is

also

available

by

modification

of

som

components.

axmatior,

tube

Revolving

nosepiece

Intermediate

pojwiaing

atmhmt

Objective

Microscope

stand

Condenser

1

Ill.

ASSEMBLY

The

picture

balow

illustrates

the

sequential

procedure

of

assembly.

The

numbers

indicate

the

assembly

order

of

various

components.

Remove

dust

caps

before

mounting

components.

Take

care

to

keep

all

glass

surfaces

ctean,

and

avoid

watching

the

surfaces.

Insert

tha

obbctb

10X

into

@

Eyepiece

the

fixed

aperture

of

tha

nos-

P-.

Clamping

screw

Quarter

wave

plete

Sensitive

tint

plate

with

the

lettEtrs

"OLYMPUS'

facing

in

front

of

the

mi-

Clamping

screw

Microscope

stand

Condenser

@

To

AC

outlet

Q

0-0

/

Halogen

lamp

Socket

Aligning

red

dots,

on

con-

denser

mount

and

condensas,

in-

the

conderuar

Into

the

IV.

IDENTI

FlCATlON

AND

FUNCTION

OF

VAR

lOUS COMPONENTS

Observation

rube

clamping

screw

P

Main

switch

R

hmat

trimmer

screw

After

swltchlno

on.

M

nmry,

r-te

this

wrew

wlth

a

coin

until

tb

bulb

18

dimly

Ilt,

with

the

sliding

cmtrol

lrmrr

at

mlntmum

0mltIon.

\

Grounding

terminal

/

Line

volw

selector

switch

Set

the

swltch

to

conform

with

the

1-1

mains

volmp.

Mechanical

tube

length

adjust-

ment

rings

Bertrand

tens

turret

ring

W

llght

path;

"OUT"

for

remmal

of

the

Barwand

lens

I

from

the

li&t

path.

Bertrand

lens

focusing

ring

Stage

centering

screw

Automatic

pre-fowsing

lever

Aperture

iris

diaphragm

ring

Numerial

aperture

sale

grrd-

Swinwut

knob

for

top

lam

Codewer

M.A.

Is

0.9

(when

top

lms

swln$s

out

N.A.

k

0.251

Film

mount

Amwe

45rnmdlm

f

llters.

Bulb

mount

\

Lamp

house

clamping

knob

The

lamp

how

cow

Ean

twr

opened

by

pulllw

down

th

kn&:

or

cl-

by

pushing

it

up

untll

it

snaps

In

plaes.

More

pushing,

escertaln

that

the

knob

is

positiQned

aa

shm

in

the

picture

rlght,

markd

wilh

Match

the

line voltage

selector

switch

to

Imal

mains

voltage

(se

page

5).

Switch

on

the

light

source.

Adjust

the

trimmer

screw

until

the

bulb

is

dimly

lit

(page

7).

Place

a

spacimn

slide

on

the

stage.

Remove

the

Bertrand

lens

and

analyzer

from

the

light path.

Coarse

focus

with

the

1

OX

objective.

Make

interpupillary

and

diopter

adjustments

(paga

7).

Center

the

stage

(page

9).

Cenw

objectiw

other

than

10X

(page

9).

Swing in

the

desired

objective.

Set

the

condenser,

analyzer

and

Bertrand

lens

mrrectly

according

to

your

microscopic

purpose

(page

1

0

and

11).

Adjust

light

intensity.

Fine

focus.

Adjust

aperture

Iris

diaphragm

{page

9).

Adjustment

of

Illumination

System

For

biological

use,

however,

remove

the

analyzer,

Bertrand

lms

and

sensitive

tint

plates.

Microampic

rnethd

Ohosm~ic

oWation

ConmopIa

observation

*

Cut

off

this

paae

at

dotted

line

and

put

it

on

the

wall

near

the

microscop

for

use

as

a

re-

minder

of

microscopic

procadure.

OLYMPUS

Obiective

4X

,WX

20x

to

i~ax

Bmrand

lens

OUT

IN

Condenmr

top

lens

OW

IN

V.

OPERATION

1.

Adjustmm

of

Minimum

Line

Voltage

'

The

mhirnurn

vol-

quired

for

the

light

source

can

be

adjusted

with

the

rheostat

trim

mer

smw

a?

the

microscope

bas

plate

in

accordanw

with

the

line

voltage

and

frequency.

The

built-in

rheostat

incorporates

a

thyristor

in

itssemiconductor circuit

for

the

following

advantages:

(a)

Extredy

fine

adjustment

of

light

intensity

mn

be

easily

achied.

(b)

Flickering

of

the

bulb

filament

is

eliminated

and

the

light

inmnsity

is

stabilized.

(cJ

Increased life

exp$ctanw

of

th~

bulb.

For

adiustment

of

the

minimum

line

voltam,

ascartain

that

the

voltage

selector

switch

is

E&

to

inform

with

the

Iml

mains

voltaw,

and

the

sliding

control leuera

is

positioned

closest

to

you

(low

voltage),

and

then

activate

the

main

switch

Q.

If

the

bulb

Is

dimly

lit,

the

secondary

voltage

is

correct.

If

it

is

not

lit

at

all,

rotate

the

rheostat

trimmer

screw

@

gradually

with

a

win,

until

the

bulb is

dimly

lit;

then

push

the

stiding

control

lever

forward

in

order

to

obtain optimum

light

intensity. (Fig.

1)

Fig.

1

2.

Interpupiltary

Distanm

and

Diopter

Adjmnis

1)

Insert

lhe

evwieae

@

with

cross

hairs

into

the

right

eyepiem

tube

of

the binocular

tub,

aligning the

-,

positioning

slot

Q

and

positioning

an

@

i~i~

21

11

*

When

the

eyepiace

positioning

is

insem

into

the

Ioww

dot

on

the

tuba,

tha

m

lines in

the

eyepieca

coincida

with

the

vibration

direction

of

polarizer

and

analyrer

at

0'

settings.

When

In-

into

the

other

slot,

the

mass

lines

am

at

4g

to

the

direction

of

vibration.

(This

is

the

same

with

the

monwlar

tube.)

Fig.

2

Them

iwrt

the

eyepiece

into

the

left

tube.

2)

Looking

through

the

right

eyepiece

(with

cross

hairs)

with

your

right

eye,

rotate

the

diopter

adjustment

ring

@

until

the

cross

hairs

are

sharply

focused.

(Fig.

3)

Looking through

the

both

eyepiems

with

both

eyes,

adjust

the

lnterpupillary

distance,

sliding

the

knurled

dovetail slid-

@

of

the

right

and

left

eyepiece

tube,

until

parfect

binocular

vision

is

obtained.

4)

Memorize

your

interpupillary

distanm

wring

by

reading

the

scale

@.

Fig.

3

5)

Rotate

the

tube

length

adjustment

ring

@

on

the

right

eyepiece

tube

to

match

your

interpupillary distance

wtting

which

you

obtained

from

the

scale.

5)

Look

at

the

image

through

the

right

eyepiece with

your

right

eye

and

focus

on

the

specimen

with

the

coarse and

fine

adjustment

knobs.

7)

Look

at

the

image

#rough

the

left

eyepiece

with

your

left

eye

and

rotate

the

tube

length

adjustment

rhg

@

to

fucm

on

the

specimen

without

using

the

coarse

and fine

adjust-

ment

knobs.

3.

Polariter

Alignment

1)

Push

the

analyzer

@

into

the

light

path,

and

maki

sure

that

bod1

polarizer and

analyzer

are

set

at

posi-

tion

"0"

to

attain

the

"Crossed

filter"

position.

Then

loosen

the clamping

screw

Q

of

the

condenser.

(Fig.

4)

2)

Rem*

the

specimen

out

of

the

light

path

so

that

a

transparent area

comes

into the light

path.

Kwping

the

polarizer at

the

"0"

position,

rotate

the

polarizer

rotation

ring

@

until

the

optimum

extinction

Is

obtained,

then

clamp

the

ring.

(Fig.

4)

Fig.

4

4.

Cenbring

aha

Stage

1

Lmking

through

the

eyepi-

and

ob-ive

IOX,

determine

some

pwtlarbr

point,

s

you

like,

In

the

specimen

image

and

coincide

this

point

with

the

center

of

the

cross

hairs

of

the

eyepiece.

2)

Rotating

the

stage,

coincide

the

center

of

the

rotation

of

a

specimen

pojnt

with

the

can-

ter

of

the

crass

haln

by

means

of

the

two

centering

screws

Q.

(Fig.

5)

*

Repear

this

prcicdwe

untif

the

mation

is

seaid.

Circular

path

of

5.

antaring

the

O$@tim

This

centration

is

required

for

all

PO

objectives

except

the

objective

PO

1

OX.

1)

Imrt

a

centering

wrench

into

each

centering

swew

of

the

nosapiece.

(Fig.

8)

C

2)

By

means

of

the

two

centering

wrenches,

coincide

the

center

of

the

GTW

hairs

to

the

rotation

center

of

the

specimen.

I

3)

After

all

objectives

are

centered,

remove

the

centering

wrenches.

6.

Clae

of

Aperture

Iris

Diaphragm

Adjust

the

opening

of

the

aperture

iris

diaphragm

mrding

to

various

conditions

such

as

the

numerical

aperture

of

.th

objective,

imas

contrast,

depth

of

focus,

and

f

latna

of

field.

Generally

it

is

aften

prefem

bk

to

stop

dwvn

the

aperture

iris

diaphragm

to

70$6

or

80%

of

the

N.

A.

of

the

objectiw.

After

the

eyepisce

is

mrn&

from

the

&sewation

tube,

if

necmary,

look

through

the

observation

tube

and

check

the

opening

of

the

aperture

diaphragm

at

the

objectiw

pupil.

Fig,

6

7.

Focusing

Mjusfment

1)

Tension

adjustment

of

coarse

adjustment

knobs

A

Wnsion

adjustment

ring

@

is

pmvidd

the

right

hand

coarse

adjustment

knob.

With

this

device

-r--l$

-

'

the

tension

of

the

maw

adjustment

is

freely

adjust-

able

for

either

heavy or

light

movement

depending

on

1.

5;

operator

preferma.

(Fig.

7)

However,

do

not

loom

the

tension

adjustment

riw

too

much,

becausa

the

stage

drops,

or

the

fins

ad-

justment

knobs

slip

easily.

-

--

.

t

Fig.

7

f

Be

carefut

not

to

mtate

the

right

and

I&

mrsa

adjustment

knobs

in

the

opposite

directions

simul-

tanerwdy.

2)

Pre-focusing

Iever

Crr

This

lewr

@

Is

locked

after

mars

focus

has

hn

aecompiistaed.

It

prevents

further

upward

travel

of

the

stqe

by

means

of

the

warse

adjustment

knobs,

and

automatically provides

a

limiting

stop

if

the

stage

is

lowered

and

then

raised

again.

(Fig.

81

8.

Orthaseodc

Observation

Fig.

8

1)

Swing

out

the

top

lens

of

the

condenser.

In

princfple, polarized

light

enters

the

light

path

paraitel

to

the

optical

axis,

to

enable

obsewatjon

of

the

optical

characteristics

of

the

mimen.

Howww,

this

method

will

darken

the

field

of

view

and

lower

the

resolving

power

of

the

objective

extremely.

Them

fore,

swing

out

the

top

bns

of

the

mndenser,

using

only

the

lawer

aperture

of

the

lower

cundenser

lens.

2)

Insert

the

analyzer into

the

light

path,

and

attain

crossed

filaer

position

with

analymr

and

polarizer

at

o0

setting.

At

this posltion,

the

polarizer

vibration

is

in

the

nortbouth

direction, and

the

analyzer

vibration

in

the

east-west

direction.

To

open

the

fik

posi-

tion,

pull

out

the

analyzer

roQtion

m.

3)

Rotate

the

stage

until

extinction

of

the

image

is

attained.

From

this

position,

rotate

the

by

45'

to

obtain

the

diwnal

posi'tion,

at

which

position,

the

retardationangle

is

mured.

4)

Insert

the

quarter

wave

plate

or

sensitive

tint

plate

into

the

slot

in

the

intermediate

polarizing

tube.

*

A

Berek

compensator

is

optionally

available

to

measure

the

birefringence

of

a

specimen.

Sensitha

tint

pbts

-

Quarter

warn

plata

7)

Swing

in

the

top

lens

of

the

.wndenser,

and

illuminate

the

mcirnen

with

no

nmd

to

irnmerm

betwen

the

condenser

and

specimen

slide.

2)

Bring

the

specimen

inlo

foeus,

rotate

the

Bertrand

lens

turret

ring

into

the IN

position.

3)

Focus

on

the

interferenw

figure

formed

at

the

back

fowl

plane

of

the

objectimfrom

20X

to

1wx.

The

pinhob

cap

provided

may be

used

in

place

of

the

eyepiem

to

dimly

view

the

interference

figure

m~ntioned

above,

In

this

case,

the

Bertrand

lens

is

disengaged.

VI.

OPTICAL

DATA

Immersion

objective.

Resolving

power

is obtained

when

the

objective

is

used

at

full

aperture

diaphragm.

ObJective Magnification

P04X

P010X

W20X

P040X

*W100X

0.10

0.25

0.110

0.65

1.30

W.

D.

(mm)

18.77

6.78

1

-58

0.61

0.1

1

Fwl

length

(mml

28.45

16.08

8.1

3

4.33

1.81

Resolving

pwver

(id

3.4

1.3

0.84

0.52

0.26

(Spring

loaded)

Tk

eyepieces

K5X

and

WFlOX

incorporate

a

sliding

eye

shield.

This shield

can

be

pulled

our

to

prevent

glare

and

loss

of

contrast

caused

by

ambient

tight

hitting

the

we.

K5X

(Field

number

21)

WFlOX

(18)

0

W.D.

(Working

distance):

The

distance

benveen

the

swimen

crr

cover

glass

and

the

nearsst

point

of

the

objective.

0

N.A.

(Numerical

aprture):

The

numerical

aperture

represents

a

performance

number

which could

be

compared

to

the

relative

aperture

(f-number)

of

a

camera

lens.

M.A.

values

can

t~

used

for

dimtly

comparing

the

mlving

powers

of

all

types

of

objectives.

The

larger

N.A,

the

higher

the

resolving

power.

Total

magnification

Focfll

demh

IN)

Field

of

view

Irnrn)

Total

magnification

Focal

depth

(p)

Field

of

viaw

(mm)

0

Resolving

power:

The

ability

of

a

lens

to

register

small

details.

The

resolving

power

of

a

tens

is

measured by

its ability

to

separate

two

points.

0

Foal

depth:

The

distance

between

the

upper

and

lower

limits

af

sharpness in

the

image

fond

by

an

optical

system.

20X

300.0

5.25

40X

172.6

4.5

0

Field

number:

A

number

that

represents

the

diarne'ter

in

mm

of

the

image

of

the

field

diaphragm

that

is

ford

by

the

lens

in

front

of

it.

0

Field

of

view

diadar:

The

actual

size

of

the

field

of

view

in

mm.

50X

48.0

2.1

1KiX

27.60

1.8

lOOX

t

556

1.05

200X

9.19

0.9

200X

4

.W

0.53

400X

3.03

0.45

500X

1.05

0.21

1,000X

0.66

0.1

8

Troubles

Causes

Remedies

1.

Optical

System

(a)

With

the

illuminator

The

condenser

is

lowerd

exces-

Raise

the

condenser to

the

upper

switched

on,

the

field

sively.

limit.

of

view

cannot

be

seen.

Analyzer and polarizer

are

in

the

Set

them

at

the

position

"0:90"

or

"crossed

filter"

position

("0:O").

*'90:0".

(bl

The

field

of

view

is

cut

The

nosepiece is

not

click

stopped.

Slightly rotate the

nosepiece

until

off

or

illuminated

irreg- it

clicks

into position.

ularly.

The

condenser

is

not

correctly

Re-in~rt

the

condenser

all

the

way.

mounted

on

the

ring

mount.

The sensitive

tint

plate is stopped

Push

the

plate all

the

way

until

it

midway. clicks.

In

case

of

orthoscopic

observation,

Swing

it

out

of

the light

path.

the

condenser

top

lens

stays

in

the

light

path

or

stops

midway.

(c

1

Dust

or

dirt

is

visible

in

Dust

or

dirt

on

the

glass

surface

at

the field

of

view.

the light

exit

on

the

base.

Dust

on

condenser

top lens.

Clean

off

the

dust

or

dirt.

Dirty

specimens.

Dust

on

eyepiece.

(d)

Excessive imagecontrast.

She

condenser

is

lowered

exces-

Raise the condenser.

sively.

The

aperture

iris

diaphragm

is

stop-

Open

the

diaphragm.

ped

down

excekively.

(e)

Resolution problems:

The

objective

is

not

correctly posi- Slightly rotate

the

nosepiece

until

0

Image

is

not

sharp.

tioned

in

the

lighf

path.

it

clicks into

position.

0

Insufficient contrast.

0

Image

details

lack defini-

Dirt

on

objective front lens.

Clean

the

objective.

tion.

The

immersion objective

is

used

Apply

immersion

oil.

without immersion oil.

Bubbles

in

the

immersion

oil.

Remove

bubbtes.

The

Olympus designated

oil

is

not

Use

the

designated

oil.

used.

Remedies

Troubles

Dirty specimen.

Dust

on

condenser lens.

Causes

Clean.

(f)

The

field of view is par-

tially

out

of

focus.

The

specimen

is

not correctly posi-

tioned

on

the

stage.

The

objective

is

not correctly

po-

sitioned

in

the light path.

Place

the

specimen on

the

stage

and

secure

it

with the specimen clips.

I

(g)

The

image

goes

out

of

focus

eccentrically.

Slightly rotate

the

nosepiece until

it

clicks into position.

(h)

When objectives are

changed,

they

are

not

parfocal.

The

objective

is not correctly posi-

tioned

in

the light path.

(

i)

Light intensity

does

not

increase although the

voltage is raised.

I

(k)

No

conoscopic image

can

I

The

condenser top lens

is

not in

(

Swing

it

in.

Stightly rotate the nosepiece until

it

clicks into position.

The

mechanical

tube

length is not

correctly adjusted.

(

j)

The

condenser

does not

come

to

the

correct

posi-

tion for optimum extinc-

tion.

Adjust with the tube length adjust-

ment rings on

the

observation tube.

The

condenser

is

lowered

exces-

sively. Raise the condenser.

1

The

observation tube and mndens-

er are not correct1

y

mounted.

I

be

seen.

1

(I) The crossed fiiter posi

2.

Electric

System

Re-mount them correctly.

1

tion is not attained.

the light path.

The

analyzer

is

out

of

the light

path.

Push

it

in.

I

(a)

The

illuminator is too

I

bright

(or

too

dark).

The

mains voltage is too high

(or

too

low).

The

rheostat

trimmer screw

is

not

matched

to

the

mains voltage.

Adjust the

mains

voltage

with

a

variable

voltage

transformer.

The rheostat trimmer screw is not

correct

lv

adjusted.

Adjust the trimmer screw to

match

the

mains voltage.

Adjust

it

correctly.

(b)

Output voltage

for

the

il-

luminator cannot

be

reg-

ulated.

The voltage selector switch is not

matched

to

the mains voltage.

The

mains voltage

is

too low

or

too

high.

Adjusr

the

mains

voltage

selector

I

switch to the mains voltage.

Adjust

the

mains voltage with

a

variable voltage transformer,

1

Troubles

(c)

The

light flickers and

the

intensity is unstable.

-

Causes

I

The voltage

selector

switch is

not

Match

the switch to

the

mains

matched

to

the mains voltage. voltage.

Remedies

-.

The

mains

voltage

is

unstable.

The

filament of

the

bulb

is

likely

to

burn

out.

(d)

Fuse

burns

out

toooften.

(el

Reduced

bulb

life

Use

a

variable voltage transformer.

Replace the

bulb.

I

Loose

electrical connection. Secure

the

connection.

The

fuse

is

not

a

standard

fuse.

1

Mains voltage

is

too

high.

1

Use

variable voltage transformer.

Use

a

standard

fuse.

-

The

voltage

selector switch is

not

matched

to

the

mains

voltage.

i3.

Focusing

I

1

Match

the

selector switch

to

the'

mains voltage.

The

bulb

is

not

a

standard

bulb.

I

Use

a

standard

bulb.

I

The

user

is

trying to raise

the

stage

I

,

over

the upper

focusing

limit

imposed

by

the

engaged pre-focus-

ing

lever.

1

{a)

Coar~adjustment is

too

1

Tension adjustment ring is tighten-

Loosen

the

tension

adjustment

ring

I

tight.

ed

too

much.

Unlock

the

pre-focusing lever.

I

properly.

(b)

The

stage drops

and the

specimen

goes

out

of

focus.

Tighten

the

ring properly.

I

The

tension

adjustmer~t

ring

is

too

loose.

{c)

The

stage

cannot

be

raised

to

the upper limit.

Raise

the

condenser

mount

((dl

The

stage cannot

be

low-

I

ered

to

the

lower limit

of

the

working

range.

Pre-focusing

lever is engaged

in

lower than focusing position.

The

condenser

mount

is

lowered

too

much.

4.

Observation

Tube

I

Unlock

the

pre-focusing lever.

{e)

The

objective

front

lens

hits

against

the

specimen.

(a1

Incomplete binocular

vi-

lnterpupillary distance is

not

cor- Correct

the

interpupillary

distance.

sion.

rectly adjusted.

--

I---

LA

The

specimen is

mounted

on

the

stage

upside

down.

Reverse

the

specimen.

Remedies

Complete

the

diopter

adjustment.

Use

pair

of

matched

eyepieces.

Prior

to

looking

at

the

image

of

the

specimen,

try

to

look

at

a

far

away

object.

Troubles

Causes

Diopter

adjustment

is

incomplete.

Right

and

left

eyepieces

are

not

matched.

The

user

is

unaccus?omed

to

binocular

observation.

5.

Stage

Clamp

the

stage

securely.

Adjust

the

specimen

position.

(a

1

The

image

easily

goes

out

of

focus

when

you

touch

the

stage.

(b)

The

specimen

stops mid-

way

on

the

east-west

traverse.

The

stage

is

not correctly

clamped.

The

specimen

is

not

correctly

posi-

tioned

on

the

stage.

Olympus CHA-P User manual

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