Olympus CHA User manual

OLYMPUS STUDENT MICROSCOPES
IINSTRUCTION MANUAL I
MODELS CBA & CBB

Scanned by J. G. McHone. 8 Nov 09
for personal use only. not for sale
This instruction manual has been prepared for the Olympus Student Microscopes Models
CHA and CHB. It is recommended that you read the manual carefully in order to familiarize
yourself fully with your microscope, in order to obtain optimum performance from this
precision instrument.
IMPORTANT
Observe the following points carefully.
• Operation
1. Always handle the microscope with the care it deserves. and avoid abrupt motions or
any impact.
2. Avoid exposure of the microscope to direct sunlight, dust and vibration.
3. Only use the tension adjustment ring for altering the tension of the coarse adjustment
knobs. Do not twist the two coarse adjustment knobs in the opposite directions
simultaneously, as this will cause damage.
4. Ascertain that the voltage selector switch on the base plate of the Model CHA is set to
conform with the local mains voltage.
5. Disconnect the line cord from the AC power outlet before fuse replacement.
•Maintenance
1. Lenses must always be kept clean. Fine dust on lens surfaces should be blown or
wiped off by means of an air blower or aclean brush. Carefully wipe off oil or finger-
prints deposited
on the lens surfaces with gauze moistened with asmall amount of
xylene, alcohol or ether.
2. Do not use organic solutions to wipe the surfaces of various components. Plastic parts,
especially, should
be cleaned with aneutral detergent.
3. Never disassemble the microscope for repair.
4. The microscope should
be stored in its container immediately after use. If this is not
possible, it should be covered with the vinyl dust cover provided.

I.
Scanned by J. G. McHone. 8 Nov 09
for personal use only. not for sale
CONTENTS
STANDARD EQUIPMENT 2
II. VARIDUS CDMPONENTS OF THE STUDENT MICROSCOPES MODELS CHA &CHB 3
III.
ASSEMBLY 4
IV. IDENTIFICATION AND FUNCTION OF VARIOUS CDMPONENTS 5
V.
OPERATION .
A. Adjustment of Minimum Line Voltage
B. Placing aSpecimen Slide on the Stage
7
C.
Interpupillary Distance and Diopter Adjustments
8
D. Tension Adjustment of Coarse Adjustment I<nabs
E. Automatic Pre·focusing Lever
F. Aperture Iris Diaphragm 9
G. Immersion Objectives
VI. OPTICAL DATA. . .
VII. TROUBLESHOOTING.
@How to put microscope fixing blocks (provided with an optional wooden storage case)
10
10
The blocks should be put at the bottom of the
wooden storage
case in the following order:
1. Insert the screw with the flat washer into
one of lhe two holes (8 mm4>1 as shown
in the drawing.
2.
Turn the screw to gel into the block and
tighten it with the spanner provided or
ascrewdriver.
3. Put the other block in the above order.
Microscope
fixing block
Wooden
storage case
<3
--jl-Bmm¢
Flat washer
I
------
"".w
.____---=.=c.

I. STANDARD EQUIPMENT
Model
CHA-213-W CHB-213-W
Microscope stand with quadruple revolving nosepiece, plain
stage and in-base illuminator (6V lOW halogen) CHA-F-W 1 0
Microscope stand
with quadruple revolving nosepiece, plain
stage and in-base illuminator (20W tungsten) CHB-F-W 01
Binocular observation tube, inclined 45° BH-B 145-W
1 1
Mechanical stage with coaxial right-hand low drive controls CH-MVR 1 1
Abbe condenser CH-CD 1 1
Ach_ 4X
11
Ach_ lOX
1 1
Objectives Ach. S40X. spring-loaded 11
Ach. SlOOX, oil. spring-loaded 1 1
Eyepieces BiWF lOX 22
Lamp socket CH-LSHB 1 0
Halogen light source CH-LSH Halogen bulbs
6V lOW
HALCH
20
Tungsten bulbs 20WCHB 0 3
Spare
fuses O.5A for lOO-110-120V (or O.3A for 220-240V) 2 2
Eyepiece caps 22
Immersion oil, bottled 11
Vinyl dust cover 1 1
•Optional Accessories:
Monocular tube. inclined 45°
Mechanical stage with coaxial left-hand drive controls
Tungsten bulb. 6V lOW for CHA
Wooden storage case
2
CH-M045
CH-MVL
CH-6V lOW- TP
CHA-BIWSC

II. VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF THE STUDENT MICROSCOPES MODELS
CHA&CHB
These models are composed of various components and interchangeable accessories. A
variety
of combinations, standard or optional, is available according to your requirements.
This
is apicture of the Model CHA.
Eyepiece
Revolving nosepiece
Objective
Plain stage
Base
~
a
3
Observation tube
Stand
Mechanical stage
Condenser

III. ASSEMBLY
The picture below illustrates the sequential procedure of assembly. The numbers indicate
the assembly
order of various components.
*Take care at assembly to keep all glass surfaces clean and avoid scratching the lens surfaces.
®Eyepiece cap
knob
of
~'"
Securely attach the mechanical II\. (J) Eyepiece
stage to the plain stage with """>
the clamping screws and tighten ""-
them with acoin. ~ Observation tube
\
®Objective ~ Observation tube
11 !clamping screw
@Mechanical stage
Stand
1
---------~g~~g~O~L-®~9~connect the plug to
Clamping screws ~ th~outlet.
®Condenser ~ ALine cord
t ~~~
®Filter mount ~ Pull down the locking
the lamp house cover.
Aligning the
positioning dots on
condenser
mount and condenser,
insert
the condenser into the
mount from below and clamp
with condenser clamping screw.
Tungsten bulb
20WCHB
IFor CHB I ®::J
Halogen Lamp socket
bulb CH-LSHB
I ForCHA I 0-- Q
IFor CHA I
Tungsten bulb
6V10W
Q:::J
CD After opening the lamp house
cover
at the microscope base,
press the tungsten bulb socket
against the lamp mount, and
rotate clockwise.
* For use of ahalogen bulb, insert
its contact pins into the socket.
*In case of the tungsten bulb, its
silver reflecting surface must
be
positioned pointing to the base
plate.
*Before use, wipe off fingerprints
or stains on the resPective bulbs.
4

IV. IDENTIFICATION AND FUNCTION OF VARIOUS COMPONENTS
Interpupillary distance scale
Mechanical tube length
adjustment ring
Rotate the ring to match your
interpupillary distance setting ob-
tained from the scale. and make
diopter adjustment.
Specimen holder
Low drive coaxial stage con~
trois
Rheostat trimmer screw
Main switch
.... <O'!'! ..............
Observation tube clamping
screw
Loosen the clamping screw slightly
to rotate the observation tube as
desired.
Tension adjustment ring
Coarse adjustment knob
Fine adjustment knob
Graduated in increments of 2.5J.L •
....
Sliding control lever
For continuously variable light
intensitY.
After switching on, if necessary.
rotate this screw with a coin until
the bulb is dimly lit, with the
sliding control switch at minimum
voltage position.
Fuse holder
5
Grounding terminal
Line voltage selector switch
(For CHA) Set the switch to con-
form with the local mains voltage.

Automatic
pre-focusing lever
Condenser height adjustment
knob
The condenser is generally used
at top position. For use with
objectives lOX and lower power,
however, it is recommended to
lower the condenser properly to
eliminate uneven field illumina-
tion.
Aperture iris
diaphragm lever
Filter mount
Slip-in type .
.......... ~\~._._~I_~_-,---:::-F~il~te~r-:.mc:07u~n~t
Accepts 45mm diam. filters.
Lamp mount
Lamp house clamping knob
§iJx~o
6
The lamp house cover can be
opened by pulling down the knob;
or closed by pushing it up until it
snaps in place.
Before pushing, ascertain
that the
knob is positioned as shown in
the picture right, marked with
circle.

Fig. 1
V. OPERATION
•Summary of Putting the Microscope in Operation
1. Match the line voltage selector switch to local mains voltage (for CHAI. (See
page 5,)
2. Switch on the light source.
3. Adjust the trimmer screw. (See page 7.1
4. Place aspecimen slide on the stage. (See page 7.)
5. Loosen the automatic pre-focusing lever.
6. Coarse focus with a low power objective.
7. Make interpupillary and diopter adjustments. ISee page 8.)
8. Swing in the desired objective.
9. Adjust light intensity.
10. Fine focus.
11. Lock the automatic pre-focusing lever. (See page 8.1
12. Adjust the aperture iris diaphragm. ISee page 9.1
A. Adjustment of Minimum Line Voltage (CHA)
The minimum voltage required for the lightsource can be adjusted with the rheostat
trimmer screw at the microscope base plate in accordance with the line voltage and
frequency.
The
built·in rheostat incorporates a thyristor in its semi-conductor circuit for the following
advantages:
(a) Extremely fine adjustment of light intensity can be easily achieved.
(bl Flickering of the bulb filament is eliminated and the light intensity is stabilized.
Icl Increased life expectancy of the bulb.
For adjustment of the minimum line voltage, ascertain
that the voltage selector switch is set to conform with
the local mains voltage, and the sliding control lever CV
is positioned closest to you (low voltage). and then
activate the main switch
CD. If the bulb is dimly lit,
the secondary VOltage is correct. If it is not lit at all,
rotate the rheostat
trimmer screw @gradually with a
coin, until the bulb is dimly lit; then push the sliding
control lever forward in order to obtain optimum light
intensity. (Fig. 1)
8. Placing aSpecimen Slide on the Stage
NOTE: 1) Cover glass: Olympus objectives with an engraving "0.17" are corrected for
use with cover glasses of 0.17mm thickness (No. 1%).
2) Specimen slide: It is recommended to use specimen slides of O.8mm to 1.5mm
thickness.
However,
for use with the immersion darkfield condenser
BH-DCW (optionally availablel. aspecimen slide between
O.8mm to 1.2mmthickness is preferable.
7

C. Interpupillary Distance and Diopter Adjustments (Binocular tube)
(
(
1) Hold the knurled dovetail slides Q) of the right and
left eyepiece tubes with both hands and push the
tubes together,
or pull them apart laterally, which-
ever
is required, while looking through the eyepieces
with both eyes, until perfect binocular vision is
obtained (Fig. 21.
21 Rotate the tube length adjustment ring ® on the
right eyepiece tube
to match your interpupillary
distance setting which you obtained from the scale
@.
3) Look at the image through the right eyepiece with
your right eye and focus on the specimen with the
coarse and
fine adjustment knobs.
Fig.2
4) Next, looking at the image through the left eyepiece with your left eye rotate the tube
length adjustment ring @
to focus on the specimen without using the coarse and fine
adjustment knobs.
D. Tension
Adjustment of Coarse Adjustment Knobs
,
Atension adjustment ring CD is provided next to the
right hand coarse adjustment knob.
With this device the
tension
of the coarse adjustment is freely adjustable for
either heavy or light movement depending on operator
preference. However,
do not loosen the tension adjust-
ment ring
too much, because this may cause thE~ stage to
drop or the fine adjustment knobs to slip.
The
arrow mark indicates increase of the tension.
* Be careful not to rotate the right and left coarse adjust-
ment knobs in the opposite directions simultaneously.
E. Automatic Pre·focusing Lever
This lever
CD is provided to prevent possible contact
between specimen and objective
as well as to simplify
coarse focusing. The lever is locked after coarse focus
has been accomplished. This prevents further upward
travel
of the stage by means of the coarse adjustment
knobs, and automatically provides a
limiting stop
if the stage is lowered and then raised again. The
automatic pre-focusing lever does not restrict fine focus-
ing. (Fig. 4)
8
Fig. 3
Fig.4

F. Aperture Iris Diaphragm
An aperture iris diaphragm is provided on the condenser,
the opening of which can be adjusted to match with the
numerical aperture
of the objective in use, in order to 70-80%
achieve optimum objective performance, as depth of
focus, image contrast and resolution.
However, since microscopic specimens generally are low
in contrast, their image lacks contrast jf the objective is
used with its full numerical aperture. Therefore, it is
often preferable to stop down the aperture diaphragm
slightly more than indicated by the objective N.A. An
aperture setting at 70% to 80% of the objective N.A. is recommended. If necessary, remove
the eyepiece and, looking at the exit pupil of the objective, adjust the opening of the
diaphragm.
G. Immersion Objectives
To
utilize the full numerical aperture of an immersion objective (with engraving "HI" for
homogeneous immersion). the objective, specimen and condenser are immersed
in an immer-
sion oil.
* Care should be taken to prevent oil bubbles from forming in the oil film between condenser,
specimen
sl ide or objective.
After use, carefully wipe off the immersion oil deposited on the lens surfaces
with gauze moistened with xylene.
Never leave oil on lens surfaces after use as oil remnants will seriously impair the
performance
of the lens systems. It is recommended to use Olympus immersion
oil
for immersion objectives.
9

.,
VI. OPTICAL DATA
Objective Type Achromat
Magnification 4X lOX S40X Sl00X'
NA 0.10 0.25 0.65 1.30
W.D.(mm)
19.87 5.40 0.39 0.11
Focal length
(mml 29.20 15.98 4.31 1.81
Resolving power**{J-L) 3.4 1.3 0.52 0.26
Remarks Spring- Spring-
Eyepiece loaded loaded
WFlOX
Total magnification 40X 100X 400X 1000X
(Field
number
Focal depth (Il) 172.5 27.60 3.03 0.66
18)
Field of view (mm) 4.5 1.8 0.45 0.18
.. Immersion objective.
*·The resolving power is obtained if the objective is used with the fully opened aperture
diaphragm.
•Working distance: The distance
from the specimen or cover glass to the nearest point
of the objective.
•Numerical aperture: The N.A. represents aperformance number which could be
compared to the relativ(~ aperture of acamera lens. The quantity
of light which the objective receives from the object- increases with
the square of the performance number.
•Resolving power:
The resolving power of alens is measured by its ability to separate
two points.
•Focal
depth: The distance between the upper and lower limits of sharpness in the
image
formed by an optical system. As you stop down the aperture
iris diaphragm, the focal depth becomes deeper. The larger the N.A.
of the objective the shallower the focal depth.
•Field number: Anumber that represents the diameter in mm of the image of the
field diaphragm that is formed by the lens in front of it.
• Field-of-viewdiameter: The actual size of the field of view in mm.
VII. TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubles Causes
Remedies
1. Optical System
a)
Field of view is cut off, or
Nosepiece did not change properly. Slightly rotate the nosepiece until
illuminated irregularly.
it clicks into position.
Condenser is not correctly mounted
Re-insert the condenser all the way.
on the ring
mount.
10

Troubles Causes
Remedies
bl Dust
or
dirt is visible in Dust or dirt on the glass surface at
the field of view. the light exit on the base.
Dust on condenser top lens.
Remove dust or dirt.
Dirty specimen.
Dust
on eyepiece.
cl
Excessive image contrast. Condenser
is lowered excessively. Raise the condenser.
Aperture iris diaphragm
is stopped Open the diaphragm.
down excessively.
dl
Resolution problems: Objective
is not correctly position- Slightly rotate the nosepiece until
ed in the light path. it clicks into position.
·I
mage is not sharp.
·Insufficient contrast.
Dirt on objective front lens. Clean the objective.
·Image details lack
de-
finition. Immersion objective
is used with- Apply immersion oil.
out immersion oil.
Bubbles in the immersion oil. Remove bubbles.
Olympus immersion oil is not used. Use Olympus immersion oil.
Dirty specimen.
Dust on eyepieces and condenser Clean.
top lens.
e)
Field of view is partially Objective is not correctly position- Slightly rotate the nosepiece until
out
of focus. ed in the Iight path. it clicks into position.
Specimen
is not correctly position- Place the specimen on the stage and
ed on the stage. secure it with the specimen holder
or
stage clips.
f)
When objectives are chang~
Mechanical tube length
is not cor- Adjust with the tube length adjust-
ed they are not parfocal. rectly adjusted. ment rings on the observation tube.
g) Light intensity does
not
Condenser is lowered excessively. Raise the condenser.
increase although the volt- Rheostat trimmer screw
is not cor- Adjust it correctly.
age is raised. rectlyadjusted.
2. Electric System
a)
Illuminator is
too bright Voltage selector switch
is not Set the switch to match the mains
(or too dark). matched with the mains voltage voltage.
(for CHA).
Mains voltage is too high (or too Adjust the mains voltage with a
low). variable voltage transformer.
Rheostat trimmer screw
is not cor- Adjust it correctly.
rectly adjusted.
bl
Output voltage for the 11-
Voltage selector switch
is not Set the switch to match the mains
luminator cannot
be reg- matched with the mains voltage voltage.
ulated. (for CHAI.
Mains voltage is too low (or too Adjust the mains voltage with a
high). variable voltage transformer.

Troubles Causes
Remedies
c)
Light flickers and the in· Mains voltage is unstable. Use avoltage stabilizer.
tensity
is unstable. Filament
of the bulb is likely to Replace the bulb.
burn out.
Loose electrical connection. Secure the connection.
dl Fuse burns out too often.
Fuse is not astandard fuse. Use astandard fuse.
Voltage selector switch
is not Set the switch to match the mains
matched with the mains voltage. voltage.
e) Bulb does not light. Bulb is burned out. Replace the bulb.
Loose electrical connection. Secure the connection.
f) Reduced bulb life. Voltage selector switch is not Set the selector switch to match
matched with the mains \loltage. the mains voltage.
Bulb
is not astandard one. Use astandard bulb.
Bulb was over volted too long. Reduce bulb voltage.
3. Focusing
a)
Coarse adjustment is too Tension adjustment ring
is tighten- Loosen the tension adjustment ring
tight.
ed too much. slightly.
User is trying to raise the stage, pas- Unlock the pre-focusing lever.
sing over the upper focusing limit
imposed by the
engaged pre-focus-
ing lever.
b)
Stage drops and the speci- Tension adjustment ring
is
too
Tighten the ring slightly.
men goes out of focus. loose.
c)
Stage cannot be
raised to Pre-focusing lever is
engaged
in Unlock the pre·focusing lever.
the upper limit. lower than focusing position.
dl Stage cannot be lowered Substage
is lowered to much. Raise the substage.
to the lower limit of the
working range.
el
Objective front lens touch- Specimen
is mounted on the stage Reverse the specimen.
es the specimen. upside down.
4. Binocular Observation Tube
al
Incomplete binocular vi- Interpupillary distance is
not cor- Correct the interpupillary distance.
sion. rectlyadjusted.
Diopter adjustment is incomplete. Complete the diopter adjustment.
Right and left eyepieces
are
not Use apair of matched eyepieces.
matched.
User
is unaccustomed to binocular Prior to looking at the image of the
vision. specimen,
try to look at the entire
field
of view, or look at afar away
object before resuming microscopic
observation.