Olympus ST. HS User manual

OLYMPUS STUDENT MICROSCOPES
INSTRUCTIONS
MODELS ST. HS & HSC
OLYMPUS

OLYMPUS MICROSCOPES MODELS ST, HS, HSB, HSC
This booklet describes the common features and functions of Models ST, HS. HSB and HSC
of biological microscopes for educational use. We always hope to offer
the best pOssible
products and for
this reason each product we place on the market is accompanied with an
inspection certificate.
ST
HS
CONTENTS
HSC
I. How to Unpack I
II. Name
of Parts 2
III. Optical Path 3
IV. Construction 4
V. How
to Use the Microscope 5
VI. Accessories 7
VII. Important Points in Storing the Microscopes 8

I. How to Unpack
1. Remove the bottom screw from the carrying case with the supplied screwdriver. Keep this screw in the
receptacle inside the case.
2. Shift the grayish-tan knob along the groove
in the earring handle into the square opening tounlock and
open the case.
3. Bring out the microscope from the case and remove the packing and covers.
4. Set up the microscope with the equipment such as objectives. eyepieces. mirror,etc.
5. The removed screw and packing may be rc·used for transportation. Tighten the screw when transporting.
If the packing is missing, tighten the screw and pack carefully in shipping carlon or the carrying case.
Bot tom screw
Mirror--~
-1-
_---- Objective
Eyepiece
Space for Spare Eyepiece
Immersion oil (HSC only)
Piece of wood
Receplacle for
bottom screw
Key

II Name of Parts
The principal parts of the microscope are given below with Model HS as an example.
(Model HS)
Eyepiece -----------::
Body lube stopper ,
Coarse adjustment knob-----
Fine adjustment knob---
Arm---
Slage cUp ---
Base
-2-
t----------- Eyepiece sleeve
--------Ilody lube
,..---- Revolving nosepiece
<--- Objeclive
Slage
a------Condenser
-------- Condenser diaphragm
-'-"-=?"r---- Mirror

III Optical Path
(Model ST)
;;
§
.!:>
"
...
F: 0
8 ~
,§ " ~.
c:!! ~,
c·!:> /.
-e 4'
.'
Body tube---;o
.'
Virtural
Mirror ------e~~:::
-3-
Image on the retina
Pupil
of the observer's eye
----':-----Arm
Stage

IV Construction
1. Body tube
Body tubes can be classified as follows by form and function.
Fixed tube
Vertical tube
Monocular tube
Adjustable tube
Fixed tube
Binocular tube
(Trinocular) Adjustable
tube
The fixed body tube has a constant length, that is, the unchangeable distance between the eyepiece and the
objective. In Olympus biological microscopes the tube length is fixed at 160 millimeters. WHh amechanical tube
length of 160mm. if the microscope is focused with alOX objective and Ihen the nosepiece is turned to set a40X
objective in place,
it is also focused to such an extent that accurate focusing can be done only by operating the fmc
adjustment knob.
When the objectives are used on abody lube with amechanical length other than 160mm, it will be impossible to
obtain Ihe rated magnifications, the resolving powers and the par-fol;alty.
2. Revolving nosepiece
It is customary for the objectives to be mounted on the nosepiece in 3manner in which higher powers can be
obtained when the nosepiece is turned clockwise with the right hand while looking through the eyepiece.
3. Stage
Square fixed stage. Mechanical stage can be filled on HS, HSB and HSC.
4. Focusing mechanism
The coarse adjustment mechanism consists of arack and apin-
ion by which the
body tube is racked up and down. Models HS,
HSB
and HSC have double-lever fine adjustment mechanism.
Stopper
S. Body tube stopper
This stopper is used for preventing the body tube from sliding
down farther
than apre-set point. If the stopper is fastened
tightly when the
body tube has been adjusted at adesired level,
the tube can be racked
up and down only above the pre-set level
but never come down below it. 'This arrangement prevents a
damaging collision between the objective and the ~pecimen on
the stage,
-4-

VHow to Use the Microscope
1. IUumination
What is most important in amicroscopic work is illumination, because the light source and condenser greatly
influence the resolving power
of the microscope lenses.
For microscope illumination, natural daylight or artificial light source is used. Normally it is sufficient to use
natural light coming through awindow. However, in some cases such as photomicrography, aspecially designed
microscope illuminator is used.
When daylight is used
Avoid the direct rays of the sun. It is most desirable that the microscope is placed by awindow facing north.
Usually the plane mirror is used but the concave side is used when annoying renections of the window frame or
trees come into the field of view.
When an illuminator is used
Alow-voltage bulb is used for microscope illumination.
Olympus puts on the market aspecially designed micro-
scope illuminator LSD (u!:ing a6V, SA transformer,
optical accessory). When this illumination apparatus is
used, the beam of light must be adjusted by adjusting the
position of the bulb and the plane side of the mirror should be used. The accessory daylight mter (cobalt color)
shoHld be inserted into the filter holder.
Centering
When amicroscope illuminator is used, adjust it so that the axis of the illuminating system falls in the center 01
the mirror. Next, rack the body tube up and down SO that it may be roughly in aposition in which the
microscope is used for observing the specimen.
Remove the eyepiece and look through the eyepiece sleeve, and you will see the back lens of the objective.
Adjust the mirror SO that the back lens is evenly illuminated.
Similar procedures must be adopted when daylight is used.
Slide glass and cover glass
Ow microscopes are designed to use the slide glass and cover glass of the following thicknesses.
Slide glass: 0.8 -1.0mm
Cover glass: 0.16 -0.18mm
Use slide and cover glasses that satisfy these requirements.
-5-

2. Focusing
Afte~ completion of the centering of the illuminating system, place the specimen on the stage and focus the
microscope on the specimen.
If you move the body tube up and down while looking through the eyepiece. you
may jam the objective down on to the specimen, and you could quite easily crack the specimen and the front
lens as well. First, use alow· power objective, and operate the coarse adjustment knob to lower the body tube
until the tip of the objective comes close to the specimen. All this must be done while looking at the microscope
from the side. Next, look into the eyepiece and raise the body tube to roughly focus the microscope on the
specimen, and fasten the stopper at this point. ext, turn the nosepiece to chilnge to an objective with adesired
magnification. Usc the fine
adjustment knob to get the specimen sharply in focus_ Move the specimen by hand
or operate the mechanical stage to bring the target area of the specimen into the center of the field of view.
3. Change of magnification
The magnifying power of the microscope is changed either by changing the eyepiece or by changing the
objective.
I) Change of the eyepiece
Eyepieces with different magnifications arc inserted into the eyepiece sleeve to change the magnifying power
of the microscope. In this case, the microscope remains roughly in focus but further focusing is required to
obtain asharply focused image.
2) Change
of the Objective
When the objective
is changed to change the magnification of the microscope, you first focus the microscope
with alow-power Objective
and then turn the nosepiece to change to ahigher-power objective. In Model HS
you need only operate the fine adjustment knob to obtain an accurate focus.
4. Resolving Power
The resolving power of amicroscope depends solely on that of the objective and has nothing to do with the
eyepiece. The only function
of the eyepiece is to magnify the image resolved by the objective. This means that
no
matter how much the final magnification may be increased by using ahigh-power eyepiece, you will never
see what is not shown
in the image that is formed by the objective. For example, you get the same magnifiC'dtion
of 800X by using a 40X objective and a20X eyepiece, and also by using aIOOX objective and a 8X eyepiecc.
However. the latter combination has aresolving power twice higher and show more details than the former
combination.
-6-

VI Accessories
•Microscope Illuminator MODEL LSD
• A radiatof cover is ·provided.
•Provided with acondenser and diffused light, a
parallel light and convergent light can be obtained.
•Can be used for photographing and polarizing
microscopes 3S well as all other types of microscope
observation.
•Simple Illuminator MODEL LSK
•This illuminator is used in place of the mirror of the
mjcroscope.
•Easily detachable ~d directly connectable to a
household outlet of electric power supply.
•15W bulb is used and there is no need for ;1
t.ransformer.
• A blue filter is provided.
•When you place an order for this illuminator, please
specify that
it is to be used for Model ST or Model
liS.
•Mechanical Stages
Attachable to. the plain stage of amicroscope
FM- II
Graduated mechanical stage Model FM-U
Range of operation: 50x25mm
Vernier scale: read to 0.1 mm
~ .... - I
II. I· --
KM
Ungraduated mechanical stage Model KM
Range of operation: 7Sx2Smm
LSK
-7-

'IIl Important Points in Storing the Microscopes
Dampness is the worst enemy to the microscope. The "sou," of any microscope is the optics. especially the
objectives and eyepieces. It is desirable that these lenses are stored in adessicator in which adrying agent
(silicagel or calcium chloride) is placed.
The next worst enemy to th~ delicate optical instrument is dust. Dust is apt to gather upon the surfaces of
lenses, the condenser and mirror under the stage. Use avery soft brush (with afine point, not starched) to get
rid of dust. When the eyepiece is removed, never fail to put the dust cover on the top of the eyepiece sleeve.
If the eyepiece sleeve is leftopen. dust will fall through the tube and gather upon the back lens of the objective
and it will greatly impair the performance of the lens. All the moving parts (such as the coarse adjustment
mechanism,
the condenser, the mechanical stage) are properly lubricated with aspecial grease so that they may
move smoothly. Avoid using watch-oil
or machine oil on these parts. Amicroscope. including the objectives. is
such adelicate precision instrument that you never try to disassemble any part of it. If you find something
wrong with your microscope,
better leave it to the Olympus repair personnel. When you clean the lenses, you
must
be very careful not to scratch them. When dust enters inside objectives, etc .• try to blow it off using a
rubber blower
or brush it away with aclean feather or the like.
As we are continually improving and developing our products, the equipment supplied may not liIgrce in all
derails with the descriptions and/or illustrations shown in this in lructions.
-8-