Omron CQM1-ARM21 User manual

CQM1-ARM21
AS-Interface
®
Master Unit
OPERATION MANUAL
Cat. No. W357-E1-1

CQM1-ARM21
AS-Interface®Master Unit
Operation Manual
Produced April 1999

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Notice:
OMRON products are manufactured for use according to proper procedures by a qualified operator
and only for the purposes described in this manual.
The following conventions are used to indicate and classify precautions in this manual. Always heed
the information provided with them. Failure to heed precautions can result in injury to people or dam-
age to the product.
Indicates information that, if not heeded, is likely to result in loss of life or serious injury.
Indicates information that, if not heeded, could possibly result in loss of life or serious injury.
Indicates information that, if not heeded, could result in relatively serious or minor injury,
damage to the product, or faulty operation.
OMRON Product References
All OMRON products are capitalised in this manual. The word “Unit” is also capitalised when it refers to
an OMRON product, regardless of whether or not it appears in the proper name of the product.
The abbreviation “Ch,” which appears in some displays and on some OMRON products, often means
“word” and is abbreviated “Wd” in documentation in this sense.
The abbreviation “PLC” means Programmable Logic Controller and is not used as an abbreviation for
anything else.
Visual Aids
The following headings appear in the left column of the manual to help you locate different types of
information. Note Indicates information of particular interest for efficient and convenient operation
of the product.
1, 2, 3…Indicates lists of one sort or another, such as procedures, checklists, etc.
OMRON, 1999
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any
form, or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of OMRON.
No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Moreover, because OMRON is
constantly striving to improve its high-quality products, the information contained in this manual is subject to change
without notice. Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual. Nevertheless, OMRON assumes no
responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the
information contained in this publication.
!
Caution
!
DANGER!
!
WARNING

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS .........................................................................................xi
1 Intended Audience.....................................................................................................................................xii
2 General Precautions...................................................................................................................................xii
3 Safety Precautions .....................................................................................................................................xii
4 Operating Environment Precautions..........................................................................................................xii
5 Application Precautions............................................................................................................................xiii
6 EC Directives............................................................................................................................................xiv
1 AS-INTERFACE .................................................................................. 1
1-1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................2
1-2 Master Functionality.................................................................................................................................................7
1-3 Slave Functionality...................................................................................................................................................8
2 INSTALLATION.................................................................................. 9
2-1 Physical Layout of the Unit....................................................................................................................................10
2-2 Mounting the CQM1-ARM21................................................................................................................................14
2-3 AS-Interface Network Installation..........................................................................................................................15
3 SPECIFICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE..................................17
3-1 Overall Specifications............................................................................................................................................18
3-2 Dimensions.............................................................................................................................................................19
3-3 Performance ...........................................................................................................................................................19
4 PLC INTERFACE..............................................................................25
4-1 PLC Settings...........................................................................................................................................................26
4-2 Internal Data Structures..........................................................................................................................................27
4-3 Master Operation Modes........................................................................................................................................28
4-4 AS-Interface Standard Modes................................................................................................................................31
4-5 Setup Mode............................................................................................................................................................34
5 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION..........................................................49
5-1 AS-Interface Set-up Methods.................................................................................................................................50
5-2 Bottom-up Method.................................................................................................................................................50
5-3 Top-down Method..................................................................................................................................................51
6 TROUBLESHOOTING AND MAINTENANCE ...........................53
6-1 Error indicators ......................................................................................................................................................54
6-2 Troubleshooting .....................................................................................................................................................54
6-3 Maintenance...........................................................................................................................................................58
7 APPENDICES.....................................................................................59
Appendix A AS-Interface PICS.......................................................................................................................................60
Appendix B AS-Interface Slave Profiles.........................................................................................................................63
Appendix C AS-Interface terminology and abbreviations...............................................................................................64
Index............................................................................................................67
Revision History.........................................................................................69

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About this Manual:
This manual describes the installation and operation of the AS-Interface Master Unit and includes the
sections described below.
Please read this manual carefully and be sure you understand the information provided before attempt-
ing to install and operate the AS-Interface Master Unit. Be sure to read the precautions provided in
the following section.
Section 1 gives a brief description of AS-Interface.
Section 2 describes the installation of the CQM1-ARM21.
Section 3 describes the overall specifications and the communication performance of the Unit.
Section 4 describes the interface with the user.
Section 5 describes how to set up an AS-Interface network.
Section 6 describes the troubleshooting procedures and maintenance operations.
Failure to read and understand the information provided in this manual may result in
personal injury or death, damage to the product, or product failure. Please read
each section in its entirety and be sure you understand the information provided in
the section and related sections before attempting any of the procedures or
operations given.
!
WARNING

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PRECAUTIONS
This section provides general precautions for using the AS-Interface Master Units, Programmable Controllers, and related
devices.
The information contained in this section is important for the safe and reliable application of the AS-Interface
Master Units. You must read this section and understand the information contained before attempting to set up or
operate an AS-Interface Master Unit and PLC system.
1 Intended Audience.....................................................................................................................................xii
2 General Precautions...................................................................................................................................xii
3 Safety Precautions .....................................................................................................................................xii
4 Operating Environment Precautions..........................................................................................................xii
5 Application Precautions............................................................................................................................xiii
6 EC Directives............................................................................................................................................xiv

Operating Environment Precautions Section 4
xii
1 Intended Audience
This manual is intended for the following personnel, who must also have
knowledge of electrical systems (an electrical engineer or the equivalent).
•Personnel in charge of installing FA systems.
•Personnel in charge of designing FA systems.
•Personnel in charge of managing FA systems and facilities.
2 General Precautions
The user must operate the product according to the performance
specifications described in the operation manuals.
Before using the product under conditions which are not described in the
manual or applying the product to nuclear control systems, railroad systems,
aviation systems, vehicles, combustion systems, medical equipment,
amusement machines, safety equipment, and other systems, machines, and
equipment that may have a serious influence on lives and property if used
improperly, consult your OMRON representative.
Make sure that the ratings and performance characteristics of the product are
sufficient for the systems, machines, and equipment, and be sure to provide
the systems, machines, and equipment with double safety mechanisms.
This manual provides information for installing and operating OMRON AS-
Interface Master Units. Be sure to read this manual before operation and
keep this manual close at hand for reference during operation.
It is extremely important that a PLC and all PLC Units be used for the
specified purpose and under the specified conditions, especially in
applications that can directly or indirectly affect human life. You must consult
with your OMRON representative before applying a PLC system to the above
mentioned applications.
3 Safety Precautions
Never attempt to disassemble any Units while power is being supplied. Doing
so may result in serious electrical shock or electrocution.
Never touch any of the terminals while power is being supplied. Doing so may
result in serious electrical shock or electrocution.
4 Operating Environment Precautions
Do not operate the control system in the following places.
•Where the PLC is exposed to direct sunlight.
•Where the ambient temperature is below 0°C or over 55°C.
•
Where the PLC may be affected by condensation due to radical
temperature changes.
•Where the ambient humidity is below 10% or over 90%.
!
WARNING
!
WARNING
!
WARNING

Application Precautions
Section 5
xiii
•Where there is any corrosive or inflammable gas.
•Where there is excessive dust, saline air, or metal powder.
•Where the PLC is affected by vibration or shock.
•Where any water, oil, or chemical may splash on the PLC.
The operating environment of the PLC System can have a large effect on the
longevity and reliability of the system. Improper operating environments can
lead to malfunction, failure, and other unforeseeable problems with the PLC
System. Be sure that the operating environment is within the specified
conditions at installation and remains within the specified conditions during
the life of the system.
5 Application Precautions
Observe the following precautions when using the AS-Interface Master Units
or the PLC.
Failure to abide by the following precautions could lead to serious or possibly
fatal injury. Always heed these precautions.
•Always ground the system to 100 Ωor less when installing the system to
protect against electrical shock.
•
Always turn OFF the power supply to the PLC before attempting any of the
following. Performing any of the following with the power supply turned ON
may lead to electrical shock:
•
Mounting or removing any Units (e.g., I/O Units, CPU Unit, etc.) or
memory cassettes.
•Assembling any devices or racks.
•Connecting or disconnecting any cables or wiring.
Failure to abide by the following precautions could lead to faulty operation of
the PLC or the system or could damage the PLC or PLC Units. Always heed
these precautions.
•
Use the Units only with the power supplies and voltages specified in the
operation manuals. Other power supplies and voltages may damage the
Units.
•
Take measures to stabilise the power supply to conform to the rated supply
if it is not stable.
•
Provide circuit breakers and other safety measures to provide protection
against shorts in external wiring.
•
Do not apply voltages exceeding the rated input voltage to Input Units. The
Input Units may be destroyed.
•
Do not apply voltages exceeding the maximum switching capacity to Output
Units. The Output Units may be destroyed.
•
Always disconnect the LG terminal when performing withstand voltage
tests.
•
Install all Units according to instructions in the operation manuals. Improper
installation may cause faulty operation.
•Provide proper shielding when installing in the following locations:
•Locations subject to static electricity or other sources of noise.
•Locations subject to strong electromagnetic fields.
•Locations subject to possible exposure to radiation.
•Locations near power supply lines.
!
Caution
!
Caution
!
WARNING

EC Directives Section 6
xiv
•
Be sure to tighten Backplane screws, terminal screws, and cable connector
screws securely.
•
Do not attempt to take any Units apart, to repair any Units, or to modify any
Units in any way.
The following precautions are necessary to ensure the general safety of the
system. Always heed these precautions.
•
Provide double safety mechanisms to handle incorrect signals that can be
generated by broken signal lines or momentary power interruptions.
•
Provide external interlock circuits, limit circuits, and other safety circuits in
addition to any provided within the PLC to ensure safety.
6 EC Directives
The AS-Interface Master Units that meet EC directives also meet the common
emission standard (EN50081-2). When AS-Interface Master Units are built
into equipment, however, the measures necessary to ensure that the
standard is met will vary with the overall configuration, the other devices
connected, and other conditions. You must therefore confirm that EC
directives are met for the overall machine or device.
!
Caution

1
1AS-Interface
This section provides a general introduction to AS-Interface
1-1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................2
1-1-1AS-International ...............................................................................................................................................2
1-1-2System Components ..........................................................................................................................................3
1-1-3Technical Details..............................................................................................................................................4
1-2 Master Functionality.................................................................................................................................................7
1-3 Slave Functionality...................................................................................................................................................8

Introduction Section 1-1
2
1-1 Introduction
This chapter will provide a brief introduction into AS-Interface®.
For more detailed information, refer to:
AS-International Association
Auf dem Broich 4a,
D 51519 Odenthal
Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
1-1-1 AS-International
A consortium of European companies started work on the definition of a
simple, low-cost industrial bus system in 1990. After successfully completing
this work in 1993, the consortium was dissolved.
The technology of AS-Interface is now owned and administered by AS-
International, who have responsibility for marketing on behalf of the members,
and evolving the technology as directed by an executive of vendor
companies.
AS-Interface technology has been submitted for approval under the proposed
IEC 947 standard.
User Groups with currently some 80 members are established in eight
European countries, North America and Japan. Over 200 products are now
available from 30+ vendors.
OMRON is a full member of the AS-International Association.
Positioning AS-Interface is primarily aimed at the transfer of binary in- and output data in
industrial applications. It can be seen as a direct replacement for traditional
cable trees. The main advantages of AS-Interface over traditional wiring
methods are:
•Power supply and communication are combined in one cable.
•Reduction of cabling and installation work.
•Improved troubleshooting and maintenance.
Sensors and actuators with a built-in AS-Interface slave chip can be
connected directly to the AS-Interface line. Other, conventional devices can
be connected via AS-Interface slave units with general purpose in- and
outputs.
AS-Interface should be seen as complementary to higher level fieldbuses,
which provide sophisticated performance at higher cost. Via gateways, entire
AS-Interface systems can be linked transparently as slaves to most available
higher level open fieldbus systems, such as CompoBus/D (DeviceNet) or
PROFIBUS-DP.
Application areas AS-Interface is widely used in e.g. machine control, transport, packaging, and
warehouse applications.

Introduction Section 1-1
3
1-1-2 System Components
Master AS-Interface is a single master - multi slave system. The system requires one
master unit to control all data exchanges over the bus. During normal
operation, the master cyclically sends output data to all slaves, and receives
the slaves’ input data in return.
Apart from the cyclic data exchange, the master will search the bus for newly
added slave units, and may send out a specific command to one slave per
bus cycle.
The maximum number of slaves that an AS-Interface master can exchange
I/O data with at any time is 31.
Slave AS-Interface slaves will only respond to master requests containing the
address that they have been set to. Practically all AS-Interface slaves have
their address stored in non-volatile memory. The factory setting is always to
address 0. The address can be changed either by a hand-held addressing
tool, or by a specific master request.
Each slave may have up to 4 bits input plus 4 bits output data, and up to 4
parameter bits. Each I/O combination allowed by the AS-Interface
specification has a unique identification code, which is stored in the slave, and
can be read by the master.
In a fully extended AS-Interface network, the maximum amount of digital I/O
points can be 31 * (4 inputs + 4 outputs) = 248.
The slave’s circuitry is generally powered via the AS-Interface line, but in- and
output ports may have a provision for external power supply.
Power Supply Superimposing communication data on the lines that supply energy to the
slaves creates special requirements for an AS-Interface power supply unit. A
station will communicate by varying its impedance on the AS-Interface line,
thereby generating specifically shaped pulses in the current drawn from the
line.
Data decoupling The data decoupling circuit incorporated in the AS-Interface power supply will
transform these current pulses into voltage variations, which can be detected
by the other stations on the line. In order to allow the whole system to work
reliably, the voltage, current range and impedance of an AS-Interface power
supply must be within the limits specified by the AS-Interface standard.
An AS-Interface power supply should have a minimum rated output current of
2.4 A at a supply voltage of 29.5...31.6V DC.
Cable Although AS-Interface recommends the use of the trademark ‘yellow cable’
especially designed for IP67 protection and on-line addition and removal of
slaves, any shielded or unshielded two-wire cable may be used that meets
the following specifications (at a frequency of 167 kHz).
R´/4 L´/4
C´ G´
Z : 70…140Ω
R´: < 90 mΩ/m
L´: 400...1300 nH/m
C´: < 80 pF/m
G´: < 5 µS/m
The recommended cross section is 2 x 1.5 mm²; The maximum allowed
current through the AS-Interface cable is 8A.

Introduction Section 1-1
4
No termination The network topology may be a star, a line with or without branch lines, or a
full tree structure. Termination is not required.
star
line
branch lines tree
controller
Master
controller
Master Master
Master
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave Slave
Slave Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
controller controller
The maximum cable length for the total system may not exceed 100 m. By
using 2 repeaters and additional AS-Interface power supplies, this can be
extended to up to 300 m.
1-1-3 Technical Details
This section will provide some technical details of the AS-Interface system. It
is not essential to understand all details in order to operate the CQM1-
ARM21.
Concept The aim of AS-Interface is to supply energy to, AND exchange I/O data with
slave stations over a simple unshielded two-wire cable. To achieve this, while
maintaining reliability and electromagnetic compatibility in an industrial
environment, a specific communication model has been developed which
ensures encoding without a DC signal component and a very narrow power
spectrum.
•Messages are encoded in Manchester II format.
•Modulation is by alternate pulse modulation (APM).
•
The transmitter, in both master and slave, acts as a current sink
generating sine-shaped pulses.
•
The characteristic impedance of the power supply unit transforms each
current pulse into a sin²-shaped voltage pulse.
•One bit time (T
Bit
) is defined as 6 µs, resulting in a bit sequence frequency
of 166.67 kbit/s.
Communication principles All communication on the AS-Interface line is controlled by the master. The
AS-Interface specification prescribes in detail which sequence of actions the
master must follow. On the highest level, the execution control is managed as
shown below:

Introduction Section 1-1
5
Activation
Data Exchange
Phase
Lists = default
search for slaves
with addr. 0 - 31
activation of slaves
exchange data with
each active slave
send one command
to only one slave
(read status, ...)
Initialisation
Detection
Phase
Phase
Management
Phase
Normal Operation
Inclusion
Phase
Start Up Operations
Power On
Offline
Phase
and inclusion of slaves
search for new slaves
found, using one master
request per cycle
Request All requests, sent by the master and received by the slave in any phase, have
a fixed format. They are composed of the following elements:
Start bit
Control bit
5 Bit Address 5 Bit Information
Parity bit
End bit
ST=0 CB A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 I4 I3 I2 I1 I0 PB EB=1
Response After each master request, the master will wait for a response from the
targeted slave. The responses sent by the slaves have no control bit and no
address, and are always composed as shown below:
Start bit
4 Bit
Parity bit End bit
ST=0 I3 I2 I1 I0 PB EB=1
Information
In normal operation, master requests and slave responses will alternate on
the bus. If a slave cannot execute the master request, it will not respond to
the request. If no slave response is detected within 10 bit times, the master
will send the next master request to ensure a constant poll cycle for all active
slaves.

Introduction Section 1-1
6
Master
Slave
receives
Slave Response
Send Pause
sends
Master Request
receives
Master Request sends Slave Response
MasterPause
sends
Master Request
receives
Master Request
Transaction
time
(1 -2 bit times)Slave Pause
(2,5 to 5,5 bit times)
Security A request or response will be judged invalid if it contains one of the following
types of error:
Start bit error The initial pulse is not negative.
Alternating error Two consecutive pulses do not have different polarity.
No information Pulses are not detected in periods of ( * ) .
.
n s60 5
1 0
−
+
µ .
Parity error The sum of all information bits is not even.
End bit error The last pulse is not positive.
Length error Pulses are detected during the master or slave pause.
Upon an invalid or missing slave response, a master station will retry to
access the slave. If this fails, the slave will be taken out of the list of active
slaves. The master will cyclically try to re-initialise the slave in the inclusion
phase.
Performance The cycle time of an AS-Interface network depends on the number of slaves
that the master has to exchange I/O data with. The AS-Interface specification
defines the maximum bus cycle time as follows:
if n = 33
n * Master request = n * (14 Bit) = n * 84 µ s = 2722 µ s
+ n * Master pause = n * (3 Bit) = n * 18 µ s (synchr. slave) = 594 µ s
+ n * Slave response = n * (7 Bit) = n * 42 µ s = 1386 µ s
+ n * Send pause = n * (2 Bit) = n * 12 µ s (min.) = 396 µ s
= Tcycle = n * (26 Bit) = n *156 µ s (min.) = 5148 µ s
where n is the number of all AS-Interface requests during data exchange in
the AS-Interface cycle and in the inclusion phase, including one repetition. In
normal operation, n will be the number of slaves plus 2.
With less than 31 slaves, the AS-Interface cycle time will be shorter. In
principle, each slave less will decrease the cycle time by 156 µs, but the
master is allowed to lengthen the send pause up to 500 µs, as long as the
total cycle time does not exceed the stated maximum.
To calculate the CQM1-ARM21’s cycle time, see 3-3, Performance.