PerkinElmer TGA 8000 Assembly Instructions

TGA 8000
Installation and Hardware
Guide
THERMAL ANALYSIS

2 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Release History
Part Number
Release
Released Date
Minimum Software
Version
09931345 B August 2017 Release 12.0
Any comments about the documentation for this product should be addressed to:
User Assistance
PerkinElmer, Inc.
710 Bridgeport Avenue
Shelton, CT 06484
Or emailed to: [e-mail]
Notices
The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Except as specifically set forth in its terms and conditions of sale, PerkinElmer makes no
warranty of any kind with regard to this manual, including, but not limited to, the implied
warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
PerkinElmer shall not be liable for errors contained herein for incidental consequential damages in
connection with furnishing, performance or use of this material.
Copyright Information
This manual contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright.
All rights are reserved. No part of this file may be reproduced in any form whatsoever or translated into
any language without the prior, written permission of PerkinElmer, Inc.
Copyright © 2017 PerkinElmer, Inc.
Trademarks
Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this manual, even when not specifically marked as such,
are protected by law.
PerkinElmer is a registered trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc.
Pyris is a trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc.
Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and
other countries.

Table of Contents . 3
Table of Contents
Safety and Regulatory Information....................................................................5
Symbols Used in this Manual........................................................................................6
Symbols Used on the Instrument .................................................................................7
Electrical Warnings......................................................................................................8
Electrical Safety ..........................................................................................................9
Electrical Safety Guidelines....................................................................................9
Fuses...................................................................................................................9
Safety Precautions for the TGA 8000..........................................................................10
Specifications .....................................................................................................11
Warnings and Labels.................................................................................................12
Warning Label on the Upper Ring........................................................................12
Warning Label behind the Furnace.......................................................................13
Warning Labels on the Back of the TGA 8000.......................................................14
Environmental Requirements for the TGA 8000...........................................................15
Hazardous Chemical Warnings.............................................................................16
Installation Category...........................................................................................16
Pollution Degree 2..............................................................................................17
Ingress Protection ..............................................................................................17
Storage Conditions .............................................................................................17
WEEE Instructions for PerkinElmer Products ...............................................................18
Prepare the Laboratory.....................................................................................19
Overview..................................................................................................................20
About the Microbalance.......................................................................................20
About the Furnace..............................................................................................20
Features ............................................................................................................20
Order Spares and Accessories....................................................................................24
Installing the TGA 8000....................................................................................25
TGA 8000 Installation Summary.................................................................................26
Unpack the TGA 8000................................................................................................27
Set Up TGA 8000 System Components .......................................................................29
Install the Purge Gases.......................................................................................29
Connect the TGA 8000 Components.....................................................................31
Configure the TGA 8000......................................................................................32
Configure the iOS App for the TGA 8000..............................................................34
Initial Setup for the Balance and Hangdown Wires ......................................................39
Leveling the TGA 8000........................................................................................39
Adjusting the Convection Iris...............................................................................41
Adjusting the Balance Mechanism........................................................................41
Autosampler Calibration......................................................................................42
Calibrate the TGA 8000 .............................................................................................46
Performing a Weight Calibration ..........................................................................46
Performing the Temperature Calibration...............................................................48
Performing a Balance Drift Optimization...............................................................52
Performing a Baseline Drift Optimization..............................................................53
TGA 8000 Hardware Maintenance ....................................................................55
Maintenance Overview ..............................................................................................56
Cleaning the Furnace.................................................................................................57
Cleaning the Furnace Tube..................................................................................57
TGA 8000 Furnace Maintenance.................................................................................58
Removing the Furnace........................................................................................58
Replacing the Furnace ........................................................................................60
Adjusting the Furnace................................................................................................62
Adjusting the Convection Iris...............................................................................63
Furnace Tube Maintenance........................................................................................64

4 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Removing the Furnace Tube............................................................................... 64
Replacing the Furnace Tube ............................................................................... 64
Cleaning the Furnace Tube................................................................................. 65
Replacing a Thermocouple ........................................................................................ 66
Furnace Hangdown Wire Maintenance ....................................................................... 69
Removing the Hangdown Wire............................................................................ 69
Installing the Hangdown Wire............................................................................. 70
Hangdown Ribbon Replacement ................................................................................ 71
Owerview.......................................................................................................... 71
Replacing the Platinum Ribbon............................................................................ 71
Accessories .............................................................................................................. 74
Cooling Jacket Accessory........................................................................................... 75
Parts Included ................................................................................................... 75
Installation ........................................................................................................ 75
Connecting to the Chiller .................................................................................... 76
Setting up the Chiller (refer to Circulator User Manual for more details)................. 78
Setting the Coolant Temperature ........................................................................ 79
Accupik Accessory .................................................................................................... 80
Mounting the Accupik......................................................................................... 80
Alignment Procedure.......................................................................................... 81
Needle Replacement/Adjustment Procedure......................................................... 84
TGA 8000 Autosampler .....................................................................................85
TGA Autosampler Safety Precautions ......................................................................... 86
How the TGA 8000 Autosampler Works...................................................................... 87
Autosampler Work Cycle..................................................................................... 87
Sample Handling - TGA 8000 Autosampler ................................................................. 88
Sample Preparation............................................................................................ 88
Sample Pans...................................................................................................... 88
Sample Atmosphere........................................................................................... 88
Sample Loading ................................................................................................. 88
Running a TGA 8000 Autosampler Playlist.................................................................. 90
TGA 8000 Autosampler Maintenance.......................................................................... 94

5
Safety and Regulatory
Information

6 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Symbols Used in this Manual
The Pyris installation and hardware guide contains information and warnings that must be
followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument(s) in a safe
condition.
Possible hazards that could harm the user or result in damage to the instrument are clearly
stated at appropriate places throughout this manual.
The following safety conventions are used throughout:
We use the term WARNING to inform you about situations that could result in
personal injury if precautions are not followed.
Nous utilisons le terme ATTENTION pour vous informer de situations pouvant
entraîner des dommages graves à l'instrument ou à d'autres équipements.
We use the term CAUTION to inform you about situations that could result in
serious damage to the instrument or other equipment.
Nous utilisons le terme AVERTISSEMENT pour vous informer de situations
pouvant entraîner des blessures corporelles si les précautions ne sont pas
respectées.

Symbols Used on the Instrument . 7
Symbols Used on the Instrument
The symbols that appear on the instruments discussed in this installation are as follows:
CAUTION - Risk of Danger
Sections in this manual must be consulted to determine the nature of the
potential hazard and any actions which have to be taken.
AVERTISSEMENT: Consulter les documents d’accompagnement.
If there is a hazard of heat or electric shock, the following warning symbols will appear on the
instrument:
This symbol indicates the danger of burns, if precautions are not followed,
due to the presence of heat in this area of the instrument. There may also be
hot surfaces that can be easily touched.
AVERTISSEMENT: Surface chaude.
This symbol means CAUTION – Cold surface.
Ce symbole signifie ATTENTION – surface froide.
This symbol indicates the danger of electric shock, if precautions are not
followed, due to the presence of high voltage.
AVERTISSEMENT: Risque de choc électrique.
Additional graphic symbols used on the instrument are the following:
Indicates alternating current.
Indicates the primary protective grounding terminal.
Indicates the off position of the main power switch.
Indicates the on position of the main power switch.

8 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Electrical Warnings
CAUTION: The protection provided by this equipment may be impaired if the
equipment is used in a manner not specified by PerkinElmer.
ATTENTION: La protection fournie par cet équipement risque d'être moins
efficace si l'équipement fait l'objet d'une utilisation différente de celle mentionnée
par PerkinElmer.
CAUTION: Connect the instrument to an AC line power outlet that has a
protective ground connection. To ensure satisfactory and safe operation of the
instrument, it is essential that the protective ground conductor (the green/yellow
lead) of the line power cord is connected to true electrical ground. Any
interruption of the protective ground conductor, inside or outside the instrument,
or disconnection of the protective ground terminal may impair the protection
provided by the instrument.
ATTENTION: Raccordez l'instrument à une prise secteur ayant une connexion
de terre de protection. Pour assurer un fonctionnement satisfaisant et sûr de
l'instrument, il est essentiel que le conducteur de terre de protection (le
conducteur vert / jaune) du cordon d'alimentation secteur soit connecté à une
vraie masse électrique. Toute interruption du conducteur de terre de protection
, à
l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de l'instrument, ou la déconnexion de la borne de terre
de protection peut nuire à la protection fournie par l'instrument.
CAUTION: Do not operate the instrument with any covers or parts removed.
ATTENTION: Ne pas utiliser l'instrument avec des couvercles ou des pièces
enlevés.
CAUTION: Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements, or repairs to this
instrument except as described in this manual. Only a PerkinElmer service
representative should be permitted to service the instrument.
ATTENTION: N'essayez pas d'effectuer des réglages, des remplacements ou
des réparations sur cet appareil, sauf comme décrit dans ce manuel. Seul un
représentant de service PerkinElmer devrait être autorisé à réparer l'instrument.
CAUTION: Use only fuses with the required current rating and of the specified
type for replacement.
ATTENTION: N'utiliser que des fusibles avec le courant nominal requis et du
type spécifié pour le remplacement.

Electrical Safety . 9
Electrical Safety
This analyzer conforms to IEC publication 61010-1 (Safety requirements for electrical
equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use) as it applies to IEC Class 1 (earthed)
appliances, and therefore meets the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.
Electrical Safety Guidelines
Service on electrical components should be performed only by a qualified PerkinElmer
service engineer.
Be sure the power cord is the correct one for your laboratory. The TGA 8000 power cord
must be rated at or better than 100/120 VAC at 15 A or 150 AC at 10 A. The line cord used
must meet the National Safety Agency's guidelines for the particular country.
Fuses
NOTE:
Service on electrical components should be performed only by a qualified PerkinElmer service
engineer. The fuses in the power entry module can be changed by the user.

10 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Safety Precautions for the TGA 8000
CAUTION: The protection provided by this equipment may be impaired if the
equipment is used in a manner not specified by PerkinElmer.
ATTENTION: La protection fournie par cet équipement risque d'être moins
efficace si l'équipement fait l'objet d'une utilisation différente de celle mentionnée
par PerkinElmer.
WARNING: Be sure that all instrument operators read and understand the
following precautions. It is advisable to post a copy of these precautions on or
near the instrument itself.
AVERTISSEMENT: Assurez-vous que tous les opérateurs de l'instrument lisent
et comprennent les précautions suivantes. Il est conseillé de poster une copie de
ces précautions sur ou près de l'instrument lui-même.
WARNING: The glass parts on the TGA 8000 are fragile and may be subject to
breakage if not handled carefully.
AVERTISSEMENT: Les pièces en verre du TGA 8000 sont fragiles et risquent
d'être cassées si elles ne sont pas manipulées avec soin.
The following precautions must be observed when using the TGA 8000 Thermogravimetric
Analyzer:
•Never turn the computer off until the following message appears:
It is now safe to shut off your computer.
•Never press the Reset button on the computer if the Pyris software appears to
malfunction. Press the Ctrl–Alt–Del keys simultaneously and select the Task
Manager. From the Task Manager, close the Pyris software.
•Never remove the outer instrument cover without shutting down the instrument and
disconnecting its power cord from the power source.
•Only high-quality purge gases should be used. Minimum purity of 99.9% is
recommended. A high-quality filter dryer accessory is recommended for the removal
of any moisture from the purge gases.
•Always observe the proper startup and shutdown procedures with the TGA 8000 and
all related instruments.
•Always maintain a positive purge flow (20 – 100 cc/min) through the system gas
chamber at all times. An inert gas such as nitrogen or argon is recommended as a
balance purge.
•Do not raise the furnace when the Pyrex furnace tube has been removed. This will
cause severe damage to the furnace and other components of the analyzer.
•Prior to performing any experiment or calibration procedure, be sure that the
thermocouple currently installed is functioning properly. The thermocouple can be
checked by programming the TGA 8000 to 100°C and checking the temperature
displayed in the status panel. The temperature should be close to 100°C if the
instrument is calibrated.

Safety Precautions for the TGA 8000 . 11
•To prolong the life of the standard furnace, it is recommended that the automatic
furnace cleaning procedure be performed routinely such as every 5 to 10 runs.
Pyrolysis products should be burned off after every analysis that involves pyrolysis of
a sample in the absence of air or oxygen.
•Always close the furnace door before attempting to run an analysis. When the TGA
8000 standard furnace is heating, keep the protective plastic shield in the down
position. This is for non-autosampler instruments. This will protect you from
accidentally touching the furnace when it is hot.
•Do not attempt to move the TGA 8000 while it is on. Wait until the power is off and
the furnace cooling fan has stopped spinning before moving the instrument.
•Do not remove cables from the analyzer while it is on.
•Do not touch the opening on the furnace lift mechanism or insert objects into the opening.
•Do not use hydrogen gas with the TGA 8000 since it is highly explosive.
•When cleaning the instrument, consult PerkinElmer if there is any doubt about the
compatibility of decontamination or cleaning agents with parts of the equipment or
with material contained in it.
Specifications
Maximum power consumption
Rated Power
300W
Supply voltage
100 – 240VAC
Supply voltage frequency
50/60Hz
Fuses
Glass Cartridge, 0.213 "Dia x 0.886" L
(5.40mm x 22.50)
6.3AT
Safe temperature range
10 – 40°C
Dimensions L x H x D 45.8 cm (18-in) x 48.3 cm (19-in) x
45.8 cm (18-in)
Weight
26kg with autosampler (57lbs)

12 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Warnings and Labels
Warning Label on the Upper Ring
WARNING: Grounding circuit continuity is vital for the safe operation of
equipment. Never operate equipment with the grounding connector disconnected.
Disconnect supply cord before operating.
AVERTISSEMENT: La continuité du circuit de mise à la terre est essentielle au
bon fonctionnement de l'équipement. Ne jamais faire fonctionner l'équipement
avec le connecteur de mise à la terre débranché. Débrancher le cordon
d'alimentation avant de l'utiliser.

Warnings and Labels . 13
Warning Label behind the Furnace
CAUTION – HOT SURFACE which indicates that the furnace at the center of the
ring may be hot.
ATTENTION - SURFACE CHAUD qui indique que le four au centre de l'anneau
peut être chaud.

14 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Warning Labels on the Back of the TGA 8000
WARNING: Always keep airflow unobstructed.
To maintain adequate ventilation, do not block the back of the instrument.
AVERTISSEMENT: Toujours garder l'écoulement d'air dégagé.
Pour maintenir une ventilation adéquate, ne pas bloquer le dos de l'instrument.
WARNING: For protection against fire hazard replace only with the same type
and rating of fuse.
AVERTISSEMENT: Pour la protection contre les risques d'incendie, remplacer
uniquement par le même type et la même classe de fusible.
WARNING: Grounding circuit continuity is vital for the safe operation of
equipment. Never operate equipment with the grounding connector disconnected.
Disconnect supply cord before operating.
AVERTISSEMENT: La continuité du circuit de mise à la terre est essentielle au
bon fonctionnement de l'équipement. Ne jamais faire fonctionner l'équipement
avec le connecteur de mise à la terre débranché. Débrancher le cordon
d'alimentation avant de l'utiliser.
WARNING: Toxic Gases – Fume Ventilation System
Without adequate ventilation, potentially toxic vapors can build up in the
laboratory. Your laboratory must have a reliable fume ventilation system before
you use this instrument.
AVERTISSEMENT: Gaz toxiques - Système de ventilation des fumées
Sans ventilation adéquate, des vapeurs potentiellement toxiques peuvent
s'accumuler en laboratoire. Votre laboratoire doit disposer d'un système fiable de
ventilation des fumées avant d'utiliser cet instrument.

Environmental Requirements for the TGA 8000 . 15
Environmental Requirements for the TGA 8000
The TGA 8000 has been designed for indoor use only and should not be operated in an explosive
environment. The TGA 8000 operates most efficiently under the following conditions:
•Ambient temperature range of 10°C – 35°C (50°F – 95°F). The instrument will remain
safe when operated between 5°C and 40°C (41°F to 104°F).
•Ambient relative humidity between 20% and 80% without condensation.
•Altitude no more than 2000 m.
•Clean area free of dust, smoke, vibration, and corrosive fumes.
•On a bench area out of direct sunlight.
•Away from heating or cooling units or ducts.
•The instrument must be positioned so the power switch on the rear panel can be
easily reached by the operator.
•There must be an adequate and stable power source for all system components.
•The TGA 8000 is a highly sensitive, precision laboratory instrument. The environment
in which it is used must be free of radio frequency interference sources which may
affect the performance of the instrument. If performance is affected by RF fields, the
instrument should be reoriented or relocated, or separated by a greater distance from
the interfering source. Consult PerkinElmer for additional assistance.
WARNING: If the heating of materials could lead to the liberation of hazardous
gases, the use of a fume extraction system will be required.
AVERTISSEMENT: Si le chauffage des matériaux peut entraîner la libération de
gaz dangereux, il sera nécessaire d'utiliser un système d'extraction des fumées.
WARNING: There may be possible hazards of explosion, implosion, or the
release of toxic or flammable gases arising from the materials being heated.
AVERTISSEMENT: Il peut y avoir des risques d'explosion, d'implosion ou de
dégagement de gaz toxiques ou inflammables provenant des matières chauffées.
WARNING: Do not mount the instrument of a surface of flammable material.
AVERTISSEMENT: Ne pas monter l'instrument d'une surface de matériau
inflammable.
CAUTION: Before using any cleaning or decontamination method, except that
recommended in this guide, the user should check with PerkinElmer Instruments
that the proposed method will not damage the instrument.
ATTENTION: Avant d'utiliser toute méthode de nettoyage ou de décontamination,
à l'exception de celle recommandée dans ce guide, l'utilisateur doit vérifier auprès
de PerkinElmer Instruments que la méthode proposée n'endommagera pas
l'instrument.

16 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Hazardous Chemical Warnings
Before using any chemicals or solvents with the instrument, you should be thoroughly familiar
with all hazards and safe handling practices. Observe the manufacturer's recommendations
for use, storage, and disposal. These recommendations are normally provided in the material
safety data sheets (MSDS) supplied with the solvents.
We use the term CAUTION to inform you about situations that could result in
serious damage to the instrument or other equipment.
Nous utilisons le terme AVERTISSEMENT pour vous informer de situations
pouvant entraîner des blessures corporelles si les précautions ne sont pas
respectées.
WARNING: Some chemicals used with this instrument may be hazardous or
may become hazardous after completion of an analysis. The responsible body
(e.g., Lab Manager) must take the necessary precautions to ensure that the
surrounding workplace and instrument operators are not exposed to hazardous
levels of toxic substances as defined in the applicable Material Safety Data Sheets
or OSHA, ACGIH, or COSHH documents. Venting for fumes and disposal of waste
must be in accordance with all national, state, and local health and safety
regulations and laws.
AVERTISSEMENT: Certains produits chimiques utilisés avec cet instrument
peuvent être dangereux ou risquent de devenir dangereux une fois l'analyse
terminée. L'organisme responsable (p. Ex., Le responsable du laboratoire) doit
prendre les précautions nécessaires pour s'assurer que le lieu de travail
environnant et les exploitants d'instruments ne sont pas exposés à des niveaux
dangereux de substances toxiques tels que définis dans les fiches de données de
sécurité ou les documents OSHA, ACGIH ou COSHH. L'évacuation des fumées et
l'élimination des déchets doivent être conformes à toutes les réglementations et lois
nationales, nationales et locales en matière de santé et de sécurité.
Some definitions of terms used above are:
•Responsible body: "Individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of
equipment, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained" [per IEC 1010-1,
Amendment 2].
•Operator: "Person operating equipment for its intended purpose" [per IEC 1010-1,
Amendment 2].
•OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (United States)
•ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
•COSHH: Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (United Kingdom)
Installation Category
This instrument is able to withstand transient overvoltage according to Installation Category II
as defined in IEC 1010-1.

Environmental Requirements for the TGA 8000 . 17
Pollution Degree 2
This product will operate safely in environments that contain nonconductive foreign matter up
to Pollution Degree 2 in EN/IEC 61010-1.
Normally only non-conductive POLLUTION occurs. Occasionally, however, a temporary
conductivity caused by condensation must be expected.
South Korea
Ingress Protection
The TGA 8000 is rated IP20 as defined in IEC 60529.
Storage Conditions
The TGA 8000 may be stored under the following conditions:
•ambient temperature from –20°C to +60°C (–4°F to +140°F)
•ambient relative humidity from 20% to 80% noncondensing
•altitude in the range of 0 – 12,000 m

18 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
WEEE Instructions for PerkinElmer Products
or
A label with a crossed-out wheeled bin symbol and a rectangular bar indicates that the
product is covered by the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive and is
not to be disposed of as unsorted municipal waste. Any products marked with this symbol
must be collected separately, according to the regulatory guidelines in your area.
The objectives of this program are to preserve, protect and improve the quality of the
environment, protect human health, and utilize natural resources prudently Requirements for
waste collection, reuse, recycling, and recovery programs vary by regulatory authority at your
location. Contact your local responsible body (for example, your laboratory manager) or
authorized representative for information regarding applicable disposal regulations. Contact
PerkinElmer at the web site listed below for information specific to PerkinElmer products.
Web address:
http://www.perkinelmer.com/WEEE
For Customer Care telephone numbers select “Contact us” on the web page.
Products from other manufacturers may also form a part of your PerkinElmer system. These
other producers are directly responsible for the collection and processing of their own waste
products under the terms of the WEEE Directive. Please contact these producers directly
before discarding any of their products.
Consult the PerkinElmer web site (above) for producer names and web addresses.

19
Prepare the Laboratory

20 . TGA 8000 Installation and Hardware Guide
Overview
Thermogravimetry is a branch of thermal analysis that examines the mass change of a
sample as function of temperature or time as it is subjected to a controlled temperature
program in a controlled atmosphere. Not all thermal events cause a change in the sample
mass (for example, melting, crystallization, glass transition), but there are some important
exceptions such as desorption, absorption, oxidation, decomposition. Thermogravimetry
characterizes the decomposition and thermal stability of materials under a variety of
conditions and examines the kinetics of the physico-chemical processes occurring in the
sample.
The TGA 8000 is a computer-controlled analyzer that has been designed to take advantage
of the enhanced features of Pyris Software. It is made up of two major components: a
microbalance and a furnace element.
About the Microbalance
The microbalance of the TGA 8000 operates as a high gain electromechanical servo system that
permits detection of weight changes as small as 0.1 g, with a maximum capacity of 1300 mg.
The null balance design uses a servo-controlled torque motor to automatically compensate for
weight changes in the sample material. When a sample is placed in a sample pan and the pan is
on the hangdown wire, the beam that supports the sample pan deflects. A beam position
detector measures the deflection with an optical sensor and uses current to return the beam to
its original position. The amount of current necessary to maintain the system in the "null" state
is directly proportional to the weight change in the sample. The current is amplified and filtered
and then displayed in the display panel of the instrument in mg.
About the Furnace
The furnace allows operation of the TGA 8000 from subambient to 1200°C. The furnace uses
a microfurnace that has a low thermal mass for quick cooling and equilibration. Accurate
program temperature control reduces overshoot to 0.2°C at 100°C/minute which results in
stepwise analysis precision. The sample temperature is sensed by a chromel–alumel
thermocouple.
Features
Some of the features of the TGA 8000 are:
1. Faster furnace cool-down with the cooling fan above the furnace instead of underneath.
This creates positive upward ventilation of the furnace during cool-down.
2. iPad control.
3. The sample gas interface has been repositioned for easier access.
4. Controlled balance environment gives the TGA 8000 long-term ordinate stability. The
weighing balance is housed in a thermally-isolated enclosure that eliminates thermal
gradient effects.
5. An anti-convection iris prevents decomposition products and heat from the furnace
from backstreaming into the balance chamber.
6. The "quick release" furnace tube makes furnace tube cleanup easy. The furnace tube
is attached to the furnace base by a clamp.
7. Temperature control of the segmented furnace is optimized by the heater/sensor
furnace technology.