R.V.R. Elettronica PTX30 UHT/S3 User manual

Manifactured by Italy
PTX30 UHT /S3
User Manual

PTX30UHT/S3-UserManual
Version 5.0
© Copyright 1993-2001
R.V.R.Elettronica SpA
Via del Fonditore 2/2c - 40138 - Bologna (Italia)
Telefono: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.rvr.it
Allrightsreserved.
PrintedandboundinItaly. No partofthismanualmaybereproduced,
memorized or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanic, including photocopying, recording or by any information
storageandretrievalsystem,withoutwrittenpermissionofthecopyright
owner.
File name: capitoli_en.p65
Version: 5.0
Date: 10/12/2001
Revision History
5.0 10/12/2001 New version J. Berti
Version Date Reason Editor

Notification of intended purpose and limitations of product use
Thisproductis a FM transmitter intended forFMaudio broadcasting. It utilises
operatingfrequenciesnotharmonisedintheintendedcountriesofuse.
Theusermustobtainalicensebeforeusingtheproductinintendedcountryof
use.Ensurerespectivecountrylicensingrequirementsarecompliedwith.
Limitationsof use canapplyinrespectofoperating freuency, transmitter power
and/orchannelspacing.
Declaration of Conformity
Hereby,R.V.R.Elettronica SpA,declares that this FM transmitter is in
compliancewiththeessentialrequirementsandotherrelevantprovisionsof
Directive 1999/5/EC.

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PTX30 UHT /S3
i User Manual Rev. 5.0 - 10/12/2001
Table of Contents
1. Preliminary Instructions 1
2. Warranty 3
3. First Aid 5
3.1 Treating electric shocks 5
3.2 Treating electric burns 6
4. General Description 7
5. Quick Start 9
5.1 Preparation 9
5.2 Operation 10
6 External Description 15
6.1 Front Panel 15
6.2 Rear panel 17
6.3 Connectors description 18
7. Technical Specifications 19
7.1 Mechanical Specifications 19
7.2 Electrical Specifications 19
8. Identification and access to the modules 21
8.1 Modules identification (upper view) 21
8.2 Modules identification (bottom view) 22
8.3 Access to the modules 23
9. Working principles 27
9.1 Power supply 27
9.2 Audio input card 28
9.3 Coder mixer 28
9.4 Main card 29
9.5 R.F. power amplifier 29
9.6 Modmeter 30
9.7 Anameter 30
9.8 CPU 31
10. Adjustment Procedure 33
10.1 Stereo coder adjustment 33
10.2 Main card adjustment 34
10.3 Modmeter adjustment 34
10.4 Power supply adjustment 35
10.5 R.F. Power amplifier adjustment 35
10.6 Audio input card adjustment 35
10.7 CPU adjustment 35
10.8 Anameter adjustment 36
Appendix:
Component layouts, schematics, bills of material

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1. Preliminary Instructions
This manual is designed to provide a general guide to skilled and qualified
personnel, who are aware of the dangers that may arise when handling electric
and electronic circuits.
It does not aim to provide a complete description of all the safety precautions that
must be observed by people who use this or similar equipment.
Theinstallation,operation, maintenanceanduse of thispieceof equipmentinvolve
risks both for people and the equipment itself, which must be handled only by
experienced technicians.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA does not assume responsibility for injuries to persons or
damage to items caused by improper use or incorrect usage procedures, whether
the users are experienced or not.
Users should observe local regulations and fire-prevention rules while installing
and using this equipment.
WARNING: always disconnect the power before opening covers or removing any
part of the equipment.
Takeappropriateearthing measures todischargethe condensers andhighvoltage
points before doing any maintenance work.
WARNING: this equipment may radiate radio-frequency energy, and if it is not
installed according to the instructions, may cause troublesome interference to
radio communications.
Operating this equipment in a residential environment may give rise to radio
disturbance; if so, the user may be asked to take appropriate counter measures.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA reserves the right to make modifications to the design
and technical specifications of the equipment, and to update this manual without
notice.

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2. Warranty
The guarantee, which is for 12 (twelve) months, is valid for any R.V.R. Elettronica
product.
On components such as tubes for final amplifiers, the manufacturer’s guarantee
applies.
R.V.R. Elettronica extends all transferable original guarantees to its own products.
To ensure that servicing is carried out properly and as fast as possible, the work
shallbehandled by R.V.R.Elettronica;any claims should besentdirectlyto R.V.R.
Elettronica, in accordance with the defined procedures.
The warranty does not include:
1 damage while the equipment is being shipped to R.V.R. for repairs;
2 any unauthorized modification or repair;
3 accidental damage, or damage not due to defects in the equipment;
4 nominal damage not accidental;
5 shipping the equipment and insuring it, and replacement of parts or units.
Any damage to the equipment caused during shipment must be reported to the
transporters and notified in writing on the forwarding receipt.
Any difference or damage discovered after delivery must be reported to R.V.R.
Elettronica within 5 (five) days from the delivery date.
To take advantage of the guarantee, adopt the following procedure:
1 Contact the retailer or dealer where you bought the equipment; describe the
problem or fault to check if there is a simple solution.
Retailers and Distributors can provide full information on the problems that
occur most frequently; they can normally repair the equipment much faster
than the manufacturer
2 If your dealer cannot help you, contact R.V.R. Elettronica and describe the
problemtothem;if necessary, you will besentauthorizationwith the necessary
instructions;
3 When you have received authorisation, return the equipment carriage paid to
the address specified.
Pack it carefully, if possible in the original packing, and seal the package.
Donotreturn the machine withoutpriorauthorization,otherwise it maybereturned
to you
4 Quote the machine’s type, model and serial number; attach a written technical
diagnosis listing all the problems and faults encountered, and enclose a copy
of the invoice.

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Replacement of parts under guarantee or spare parts can be ordered from the
following address:
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA
Via del Fonditore, 2/2c
40138 BOLOGNA
ITALY
Tel. [phone]
quoting type, model and serial number of the device.

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3. First Aid
Personnel involved in the installation, use, and maintenance of the equipment
must be familiar with the theory and practice of first aid.
3.1 Treating electric shocks
3.1.1 If the victim is inconscious
Follow the first aid principles described below.
• Lay the victim down on his back on a rigid surface
• Free the respiratory tracts by raising the neck and pushing the forehead back
(Figure 1).
• If necessary, check the breathing of the victim opening his mouth.
• If the victim is not breathing, start artificial respiration immediately (Figure 2):
incline the head, close the nostrils, apply your mouth to the victim’s and make
four fast respirations.
Figure 1 Figure 2
• Check the heart beat (Figure 3); if there is none, start a cardiac massage
immediately (Figure 4) pressing the sternum approximately at the centre of the
chest (Figure 5).
Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5
• If there is just one person providing first aid, he must adopt a rhythm of 15
compressions and 2 fast respirations alternately.
• If there are two persons, the rhythm must be 1 respiration and 5 compressions
alternately

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• Do not interrupt the cardiac massage during the artificial respiration.
• Call a doctor as soon as possible
3.1.2 If the victim is conscious
•Cover the victim with a blanket
•Keep him calm.
•Loosen the victim’s clothes and keep him lying down
•Call a doctor as soon as possible
3.2 Treating electric burns
3.2.1 Large-scale burns and serious cuts
•Cover the area concerned with a sheet or a clean cloth.
•Do not break the blisters; remove any fabric and parts of clothing that may be
attached to the skin; apply a suitable ointment.
•Treat the victim depending on the type of accident.
•Take the victim to hospital as soon as possible.
•If the arms and legs are injured, keep them raised.
If no medical help is available within an hour and the victim is conscious and has
not retched, administer a liquid solution of salt and bicarbonate of soda: 1
teaspoonful of salt to every 250ml of water.
Get the victim to slowly drink half a glass of the solution, four times, over a period
of 15 minutes.
Stop the treatment if the victim starts to retch.
Do not administer alcoholics!
3.2.2 Less serious burns
•Apply cold gauze compresses (not iced) using a clean cloth (i.e. as clean as
possible).
•Do not break any blisters; remove any fabric and parts of clothing that may be
attached to the skin; apply a suitable ointment.
•If necessary, dress the victim in clean dry clothes.
•Treat the victim depending on the type of accident.
•Take the victim to hospital as soon as possible.
•If the arms and legs are injured, keep them raised.

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4. General Description
The PTX30 is contained in a 19" 3U rack, internally assembled with modules
mounted on a main chassis, all interconnected with connectors, allowing easy
servicing and replacement.
On the front panel there are the controls for output power and audio input level
and meters for the main parameters.
On the rear panel, there are the mains inlet, the audio inputs, the RF output
connector and the serial control port.
The PTX30 is a frequency-agile exciter ranging from 87.5 to 108MHz in 10 KHz
steps with a continuously adjustable output power from 2 to 30 Watt with a 50
Ohm load.
ThePTX30-UHT-S3 incorporatesa stereocoder withan excellentstereo separation
and a low level of harmonic distortion, and provides the input for two SCA (RDS)
signals.
A front switch allows operation in "STEREO" OR "MONO/MPX"; in the latter, the
coder is excluded and the "RIGHT" input is used as a "MONO" input, the "LEFT"
input as a "WIDEBAND COMPOSITE INPUT".
The low intermodulation and distortion values (typ. 0.03%) and the high signal to
noise ratio (typ. 80 dB) are the main features of this coder.
A mains voltage selector, permits use with various mains voltages.
The most important parameters of the exciter can be checked with the analog
meter and the bar graph display present on the front panel.
Theanalogmeasuresareselectable with the appropriate switch and are identified
by the led indicator.
The bar graph display, reads the peak deviation in 5 KHz steps
The 5 digit central display reads the working frequency which is selectable by the
UP and DOWN switches, and memorized with ENTER.
Two alarm LEDs warn for PLL unlock and excessive output SWR.
The output frequency stability is guaranteed by a PLL (phase locked loop) circuit
with a temperature compensated crystal oscillator.
ThePTX30reaches thefrequencylock condition inamaximum timeof30 seconds
from the power on.

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Thesecircuitsprovide the automaticoutputpowercontrol, maintaining aflatpower
output response over the entire frequency range and the protection of the output
stageagainstan excessofSWR and/orashortcircuit onthefeeder ortheantenna.
TheRFfinalamplifier is broadband andguaranteesanoutputlevel between 2 and
30 Watt over the entire frequency range.
An output low pass filter allows the PTX30 to be used as a low power transmitter
connected directly to an antenna.

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5. Quick Start
Thischapter givesaconcise viewof thepointsthatarenecessary fortheinstallation
of the device. If any item is not completely clear, for example when you use the
exciter for the first time, we strongly suggest to read throughly the manual.
5.1 Preparation
Unpack the transmitter and before any other operation check the unit for any
shipping damage and check that all the controls and connectors on the front and
rear panels are in good conditions.
Checkthemainsvoltage selector ontherearpanel: the selected valueisindicated
by an arrow. If required, extract the selector block levering with a little screwdriver
(Fig. 5.1). Rotate the block until the correct printed value corresponds with the
arrow, then reinsert it.
Figura 5.1
If it has been necessary to change voltage, check the fuse value. The required
values are the following:
PTX30 UHT /S3 220-240 Volt - 3,16 A
110-120 Volt - 4,00 A
Now, with a small screwdriver, check that the potentiometer "PWR ADJUST" is
rotated completely counter clockwise (N.B. The pot has ten turns, so be careful to
set it at the minimum setting).
Usually this setting is performed at the factory.
NOTE: With this setting when the exciter is switched on, the output power is about
2 Watt.

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figure 5.1
Connect a dummy load with a continuous power dissipation of 30 W or more to
theR.F. OUTconnectoronthe rear panel. It’spreferable to connect alsoathrough
wattmeter, to check the reading of the internal wattmeter (see figure 5.1).
Connect to the rear input "REMOTE" a cable with a switch between shield and
inner conductor and close the switch. Place the power switch in OFF position.
Insert the mains cable in the VDE socket.
NOTE:It’snecessary that thepowersupply has an earthconnection,forthe safety
of the operator and for the correct performance of the exciter.
5.2 Operation
Switch the power “ON” and check that the green “ON” indicator lights, check also
the red “UNLOCK” indicator and the green indicator relative to the internal
parameters “PWR FWD”.
After some seconds, the central display will light and will indicate a figure (98.00)
corresponding to the last used frequency. In about 30 seconds the red “UNLOCK”
led will go out indicating that the oscillator is correctly locked.
The display is composed of 5 digit; at the right of the decimal point there are two
digits, the first indicates the hundreds of KHz and the latter the tens of KHz. At the
left of the decimal point we have 2 or 3 digits that show the tens of MHz, the MHz
and the hundreds of MHz (when necessary).
E.G. 98.45 Ninety-eight MHz and four hundred fifty KHz.
E.G. 103.94 One hundred and three MHz, nine hundred fourth KHz.
To change these values push the “UP” or “DOWN” switches until you reach the
new frequency, than confirm the new value (e.g. 103.45) pushing the ENTER
switch.
The“UNLOCK” led willlightconfirmingthattheVCOis reachingthenewfrequency;
if the “ENTER” switch isn’t pushed, the display will blink four times and will come
back to the old frequency.
NOTE: During this procedure and before you push “ENTER” the exciter
continues to work on the old frequency.

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Note that if you push the UP and DOWN switches momentarily, you move the last
digit one step each time, if you keep the switch pushed the digits change
continuously.
Whenthedisplayreachesoneextremeofthefrequency itrangejumpsautomatically
to the opposite extreme.
E.G.: 108.00—87.5—87.51
87.50—108—107.99
After about 1.5 minutes from the “LOCK” condition, the display is switched off;
push “ENTER” to switch it on again.
After the “LOCK” condition is verified, (“UNLOCK” indicator off) open the switch
previously connected to the “REMOTE” input, enabling the RF output, you should
read 3 Watt of output power.
To make this reading, check that the “PWR/FWD” led is on, if not use the measure
selection switch and read the value on the 50W scale (f.s.d.).
With a small screwdriver turn the “PWR ADJ” pot clockwise to obtain a gradual
increase of the output power to a maximum of 30 Watt (check this value also on
the through wattmeter for a tolerance of +/- 10%).
Leaving the power set at 30 Watt, make a large change of frequency (7 or more
MHz).
When the “UNLOCK” indicator comes on the output power drops to 0 and returns
to 30W when the new “LOCK” condition occurs.
Automatic power control check
Select a frequency of 87.5 MHz and an output power of 15 Watt.
Moving the frequency in steps of 5 MHz verify that the output power
maintains a constant value of 15 Watt.
SWR protection check
For this check set the output power at the minimum value, disconnect the dummy
load and position the internal meter on the “PWR REF” reading. The meter should
read about 2-3 W.
NOTE: The scale is 10W f.s.d..
Slowly increase the output power until the “SWR” led lights. This should happen
with a reading of 6W.
Now, check that increasing the output power, the reflected power does not exceed
12W.

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Reconnectthe dummyload andverify thatthe SWRled goesoff,the meterindicates
0 reflected power and the forward power is 30W.
Close the switch on the REMOTE input and verify that the output power drops
immediately to 0.
Opening the switch, the power will gradually return to the previous value.
Deviation meter check
The maximum input sensitivity of the meter is selected by the “INPUT LEVEL”
switch and in the -12/+9 position will depend on the setting of L/mpx and R/mono.
Place the meter f.s.d. selector (4 Fig.1) on 100%.
Connect a low distortion audio signal generator to the inputs “LEFT” and “RIGHT”.
figura 5.2
Inject a 400 Hz tone with 0 dBm amplitude (0.775 VRMS or 2.2 Vpp).
Set the “INPUT LEVEL” control at 0 dBm.
Place the switch in the stereo position (the appropriate indicator will light).
Set the “PILOT” switch on (the indicator will light).
With the selector allow the “R/MONO” led to light and verify the 0 dB reading on
the +3 dB f.s.d. scale.
Repeat the operation for the “L/MPX” led.
Check the indication of the bar graph led; it should be indicate 100% (first red led
lit).
Depending on the “DOT/BAR” switch position, you will see just the red led on
(DOT) or all the green LEDs and the first red (BAR).
Now disconnect the signal generator and placing the selector on 10%, verify that
on the bar-led indicator, the first red led is on.
This 10% level is caused by the 19KHz internal stereo coder’s pilot tone.
Switch off the “PILOT TONE” and all the LEDs will go off.

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Operating with internal stereo coder
Insert the pilot tone confirmed by the corresponding led, than insert the Stereo
function confirmed by the corresponding led.
Select LEFT/RIGHT audio input sensitivity with regard to the level supplied from
the source used and onnect the source to the “LEFT/RIGHT” inputs (these inputs
are balanced).
Verify on the meter that the L/R audio levels are those foreseen selecting the
desired input with the control.
It is possible to read the rear modulation level on the deviation meter.
External stereo source connection
Connect the output of the stereo source to the MPX input, see figure 5.3.
figura 5.3
Position on 10%. Allow the stereo coder to generate only the 19 Khz sub-carrier
(No signals on the right and left inputs of the coder).
NOTE: Now the deviation meter has a "x 10" sensitivity, so 10KHz=1KHz and so
on.
Set the output level of the coder to obtain the correct injection level, verifiable with
the bar graph indicator.
Now position on 100%. Connect the audio signals to the inputs of the coder and
set the levels to switch (with both channels active) the first red led on MAX.
PEAK=75KHz.
Monaural (MONO) operation
Connect the signal source (mixer,receiver compressor) to the Mono input, see
figure 5.4. This input is balanced.
figure 5.4

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Place the INPUT LEVEL command at the desired level. Position on 100%.
Set the output level of the device connected to PTX30-UHT-S3 to just switch on
the first red led of the bar graph (with a variable amplitude signal as a music). This
indicates a Max. Peak Deviation of 75KHz.
Weremindyouthat theinternational standardssetthemaximumdeviation admitted
for a broadcast transmission at 75KHz. Exceeding this value brings will increase
of the distortion of the output.
In a mono transmission, the stereo input is always available for signals with a
frequency range of 15 to 100KHz, like SCA sub-carriers, RADIO DATA etc..