Radio Shack TRS-80 Model 100 User guide

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MODEL 100
BASIC
LANGUAGE LAB
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Model 100
BASIC Language Lab
ADIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION
FORT WORTH, TEXAS 78102

Model 100 BASIC Language Lab Program:
©1983 Tandy Corporation
All Rights Reserved.
Model 100 BASIC Language Lab Program Manual:
©1983 Tandy Corporation
All Rights Reserved.
Reproduction or use, without express written permission from
Tandy Corporation, uf any portion of this manual is prohibited.
While reasonable efforts have been taken in the preparation of this
manual to assure its accuracy, Tandy Corporation assumes no
liability resulting from any errors or omissions in this manual, or
from the use of the information contained herein.
109 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Contents
Introduction. .......................................................... 1
"
Lesson #1 Introduction to BASIC. ....................................... 3
Lesson
#2 Saving Programs. .......................................... .. 15
Lesson #3 Interest Calculations .. ...................................... .. 31
Lesson #4 Sales Commissions ......................................... .. 45
Lesson #5 Day, Time and Date ........................................ .. 57
Lesson
#6 Using the Editor. 69
Lesson #7 Sales Trend ............................................. .. .. 87
Lesson #8 Plot Your Data 99
Lesson #9 Functions 111
Lesson # 10 Data Files ' , 123
Lesson # 11 Average Sales 131
Lesson #12 Sound &Simulation 145
Lesson # 13 Function Keys 155
Lesson #14 Using the COM Option 165
Lesson #15 TELCOM Applications 175
Application # 1 Calculator 185
Application #2 Memory Master Game 189
Application #3 Descriptive Statistics 195
Index 203

Introduction
If you've used your TRS-80 Model 100 just once, you know how simple, versatile,
and powerful acomputer it is. Its built-in application programs allow you
to perform
normally complex computer operations with ease. This includes data manipulation,
computer-to-computer communications, word processing, and more.
However,
as you become more familiar with your Model 100, you can make the
computer even more useful by customizing it to suit your own special needs. This
is
done through BASIC, the built-in programming language.
For instance, from BASIC, you can:
•Re-define the Function Keys
(fj) through (lID.
•Communicate with information services and other computers.
•Write programs for awide range
of applications such as forecasting sales trends and
performing interest or mortgage calculations.
•Make use
of the computer's graphic and sound capabilities.
and ahost
of other operations!
This course will show you how
to perform operations such as these by explaining in
detail the BASIC section
of your Model 100 Owner's Manual. This means that by the
time you've finished this course. you'll be writing your own programs and using the
built-in application programs more effectively.
Since most
of the application programs not built-in will be written in BASIC, and
since BASIC interacts with the other built-in programs, you'll find it
is definitely to
your advantage
to become familiar with BASIC.
So sit back and get ready to enjoy your Model 100 even more. You're about to find
out how powerful acomputer it really
is!
1
it'

Lesson #1 Introduction to BASIC
To use the BASIC capabilities of the Model 100, you must first learn how to
communicate with your Computer. Essentially, this involves typing instructions on the
keyboard and watching the display for responses from the Computer.
While you can type anything you wish on the keyboard, the Model 100 only responds
to words written in its own "language." This "language"
is BASIC. If you type
something which the Model
100 does not recognize as aBASIC word, it will respond
with an error message.
In this lesson, you will learn afew BASIC commands
to communicate with your
Computer and write simple programs.
It should be mentioned at this point, that even when you type aBASIC word, the
Model 100 will not respond until the ENTER key (located in the right side of the
keyboard)
is pressed. After pressing (ENTER), the line just typed is placed in memory
for processing by the Computer.
Throughout this Manual, the phrase "enter this command" will be used often. This
simply means that you should press
~ after typing the command or instruction.
Also, when
we tell you to press ~, you should press both (SHIFT) and (PAUSE)
together.
Accessing BASIC
Prior to typing or editing aBASIC program, you must access the BASIC interpreter of
the Model 100.
When you Power-Up the Computer, you will see the Main Menu, which shows all the
''files'' that exist in the Model 100's memory. Think of these computer files simply as
file folders that may hold text or programs.
If you haven't created any files, the Main Menu displays the built-in application
programs:
11:06:08 (C)Microsoft
TEL COM ADDRSS
20897 Bytes free
On initial Power-Up, the Main Menu Cursor -the large, dark rectangle -is
positioned over the word
"BASIC." The Cursor can be placed on any other Menu
word by pressing the Cursor Movement Keys
«(3 ,G ,rn ,or rn).
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To access the BASIC interpreter, simply position the Cursor over the word BASIC
and press
CEmR.l. The Display will then look like this:
TRS-8~ Model 100 Software
(cpr. 1983 Microsoft
21190 Bytes free
Ok
The number 2 11 9 QI indicates the number of free bytes for creating any programs and
it may vary depending upon the capacity
of your machine and whether any other files
have been created and saved.
The word 0 kand the flashing cursor symbol below it, indicate that you are in the
Command Mode of BASIC and ready to begin programming.
Experiment #1 Entering aCommand
Acommand is an instruction to the Computer ordering it to do something
immediately. In this experiment you will learn how to enter asimple command.
First you will attempt to have the Model 100 print out aname on the display. Type
the name:
JOHN SMITH
You may use any other name. Now, press ~. As soon as you do this, the
Computer displays the message:
?8N Error
This message indicates that an error, specifically asyntax error, has been made. The
syntax error occurred because the Computer doesn't recognize John Smith
as part of
its vocabulary (also known as the Instruction Set).
The correct way to instruct the Computer to print the name
is to type:
PR I NT II JOHN 8M I TH II (ENTER)
Be sure to press ~ at the end of the line. The key word PRINT and the
quotation marks enclosing the name are recognized as part
of the Computer's
vocabulary. This way no syntax error occurs and the name appears printed right below
the command.
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