Radio Shack 22-178 User manual

Cat. No. 22-178
OWNER’S MANUAL
Please read before using this equipment.
Auto-Ranging LCD
Digital Multimeter
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2
This symbol is intended to alert you to the presence ofunin-
sulated dangerous voltage within the product’s enclosure
that might be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of
electric shock. Do not open the product’s case.
This symbol is intended to inform you that important operat-
ing and maintenance instructions are included in the litera-
ture accompanying this product.
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK.
DO NOT OPEN.
CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF
ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE
COVER OR BACK. NO USER-SERVICE-
ABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVIC-
ING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.
CAUTION !
!
©1996 Tandy Corporation.
All Rights Reserved.
RadioShack is a trademark used by Tandy Corporation.
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FEATURES
Your RadioShack Auto-Ranging LCD Digital Multimeter
is a portable 33/4-digit, compact multimeter that is ideal
for field, lab, shop, bench, and home applications. Here
are some features that make your new digital multimeter
a real pro.
Latest IC and Displa
y
Technolo
gy
— ensures reliabili-
ty, accuracy, stability, and ease of operation.
Auto Power Shut-Off — helps conserve battery power
by sounding a beep then turning off if you do not change
any settings for 10 minutes.
Auto-Ran
g
in
g
with Manual-Ran
g
in
g
Override — auto-
matically selects a range when you measure voltages, re-
sistance, or current. You can also manually set the range
when measuring values you know are within a certain
range.
Bar-Graph Displa
y
— lets you quickly identify nulls,
peaks, and trends.
Hi
g
h-Speed Samplin
g
— updates the bar graph display
12 times each second.
Expanded Current Ran
g
es — allow measurements in
microampere ranges.
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Data Hold Function — holds the display so you can see
the reading even after you disconnect the probes.
Overload and Transient Protection — helps protect the
meter from overvoltage in most ranges.
Continuity Buzzer Function — lets you quickly hear if
there is continuity in a cable or between two points.
Diode Check Function — lets you safely check semi-
conductors for open, shorted, or normal junctions.
Auto-Polarity Operation — protects your meter and
gives valid measurements even when you connect the
leads in reverse polarity.
Low-Battery Indicator — shows when you need to re-
place the batteries.
Fold-Out Stand — lets you adjust the meter’s position
for the best visibility on a flat surface.
Protective Holster — protects the meter from damage
and lets you hang the meter on a wall.
Note: Your multimeter requires two AA batteries (not
supplied).
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CONTENTS
A Word About Safet
y
.................................................. 6
Specifications ............................................................. 8
Special Panel Markin
g
s ............................................ 12
Preparation ................................................................ 13
Installing Batteries ................................................ 13
Using Test Leads .................................................. 14
Using Alligator Clips ............................................. 15
Using the Stand and Holster ................................ 16
Usin
g
the Meter ......................................................... 17
Taking Accurate Measurements ........................... 18
Automatic Power Off ............................................ 19
Manually Setting the Range ................................. 20
Holding a Measurement ....................................... 20
Using the Bar Graph ............................................. 21
Makin
g
Measurements ............................................. 22
Measuring DC/AC Voltage ................................... 22
Measuring an AC Voltage Riding
on a DC Source Bias ............................................ 24
Measuring Three-Phase AC Voltage ............ 25
Measuring DC/AC Current ................................... 26
Measuring Resistance .......................................... 28
Checking Continuity ............................................. 29
Checking Diodes .................................................. 30
Maintenance .............................................................. 32
Fuse Replacement ............................................... 33
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A WORD ABOUT SAFETY
We have taken every precaution in designing this meter
to ensure that it is as safe as we can make it. But, safe
operation depends on you, the operator. We recommend
that you follow these simple safety rules:
• Never apply voltages to the meter that exceed the
limits given in the specifications. Never apply more
than 1000V DC or 750V RMS AC between input
jacks or ground.
• Use extreme caution when working with voltages
above 100V. Always disconnect power from the cir-
cuit you are measuring before you connect test leads
to high-voltage points.
• Never connect to a source of voltage when you
select diode check, resistance measurement, conti-
nuity, or one of the current measurement functions.
• Always discharge filter capacitors in the power sup-
ply of the circuit under test before you attach test
leads.
• Always turn off power and disconnect the test leads
before you replace the batteries or fuse.
• Never operate the meter unless the back cover is in
place and fully closed.
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• Because many AC/DC sets have a potentially hot
chassis, be sure the top of your workbench and the
floor underneath it are made of non-conductive mate-
rials.
• The multimeter is fully calibrated and tested. Under
normal use, no further adjustment should be neces-
sary. If the meter requires repair, do not try to adjust it
yourself. Take it to your nearest RadioShack store.
Service by unauthorized personnel voids the war-
ranty.
WARNING: USE EXTREME CAUTION IN USE OF THIS
DEVICE. IMPROPER USE OF THIS DEVICE CAN RE-
SULT IN INJURY OR DEATH. FOLLOW ALL SAFE-
GUARDS SUGGESTED IN THIS OWNER’S MANUAL IN
ADDITION TO NORMAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN
DEALING WITH ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS. DO NOT
USE THIS DEVICE IF YOU ARE UNFAMILIAR WITH
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND TESTING PROCE-
DURES. NOT FOR COMMERCIAL OR INDUSTRIAL
USE.
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SPECIFICATIONS
Display .................................... LCD 33/4-digits maximum,
3200 count resolution
Bar Graph ................................................... 33 segments
(100 counts of resolution/segment
sampled 12 times/second)
RANGES AND ACCURACY
DC Volts
300 mV–3 V ........................................ ±0.5% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
30–300 V ............................................. ±1.0% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
1000 V ................................................. ±1.0% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
(Maximum Measurement: 1000 Volts)
AC Volts
3–30–300 V ......................................... ±1.2% of reading,
±0.5% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
750 V ................................................... ±1.2% of reading,
±0.5% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
(Maximum Measurement: 750 Volts RMS)
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DC Current
300 mA/30 mA .................................... ±1.0% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
3000 mA/300 mA ..................................... ±1.5% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
20 A .................................................... ±4.0% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±2 in last digit
(Maximum Measurement: 20 A)
Measurement must be done within 30 seconds after 20 A
input.
AC Current
300–3000 mA–30–300 mA .................. ±2.0% of reading,
±0.5% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
(Maximum Measurement: 300 mA)
20 A .................................................... ±4.0% of reading,
±0.5% of full scale, ±2 in last digit
Measurement must be done within 30 seconds after 20 A
input.
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Resistance
300 ohms–3–30–300 kohms ............... ±1.0% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
3 M ohms ............................................ ±2.0% of reading,
±0.2% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
30 M ohms..................................................±3.5% of reading,
±0.5% of full scale, ±1 in last digit
Range ......... Full auto-range or manual-range control for
voltage and resistance measurements. Semi-auto and
manual range for current measurements.
Polarity ..................... Automatic, Minus sign for negative
polarity
Input Impedance ....................... 10 Megohm (DCV/ACV),
More than 100 Megohm on 300 mV DC
Continuity Function ................. Continuity buzzer sounds
at less than about 20 ohms
Low Battery Indicator ................... appears when
battery voltage drops below operating voltage
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Overrange Indication .............OL. (overload)
appears on the display to indicate that the measurement
exceeds the absolute maximum reading. Use care in
DC1000V, AC 750 V, and DC/AC 20 A ranges, as
exceeding the maximum limits of these ranges can dam-
age the meter and prevent an overrange indication.
Operating Temperature .................................32 to 122×F
(0 to 50×C)
Storage Temperature ....................................–4 to 140×F
(–20 to 60×C)
Power Source ...................................... Two AA batteries
Power Consumption ............................... 5 mW (Typical)
Dimensions (WHD).....................31/16 ×61/2×13/8Inches
(78 ×165 ×35 mm)
Weight ..................................................... 12.3 oz (348 g)
Included Accessories..... Safety test lead with attachable
alligator clip, holster, fuse (0.5A/250V)
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SPECIAL PANEL MARKINGS
For your safety, we have added special markings to the
panel to remind you of the measurement limitations.
20 A The maximum current that you can mea-
sure at this terminal is 20 amps.
MAX
1KV To avoid electrical shock or instrument
damage, do not connect the common input
terminal (COM jack) to any source of more
than 1000 Volts with respect to earth/
ground.
Refer to complete operating instructions.
MAX
1000V
~750V
The maximum voltage that this meter can
measure is 1000V DC or 750V AC.
Be extra careful when making high-voltage
measurements; DO NOT TOUCH TERMI-
NALS OR PROBE ENDS.
!
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PREPARATION
INSTALLING BATTERIES
Your meter requires two AA batteries for power. We rec-
ommend alkaline batteries, such as RadioShack Cat. No.
23-557.
1. Turn off the power and disconnect the test leads.
2. Remove the meter from the holster.
3. Use a Phillips screwdriver to remove the screw that
secures the back cover, then lift off the cover.
4. Install the batteries as indicated by the polarity sym-
bols (+ and –) marked in the battery compartment.
5. Replace the cover and secure it with the screw.
(illustration
of removal
from holster)
(illustration)
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6. Replace the meter in the holster.
When appears on the right side of the display, re-
place the batteries.
Warnings:
• To avoid electrical shock, disconnect both test leads
from any equipment before you remove the batteries.
• Do not operate the meter until you replace the batter-
ies and close the back cover.
Caution: Never leave weak or dead batteries in the
meter. Even leak-proof types can leak and damage the
meter.
When you are not going to use the meter for a few
weeks, remove the batteries.
USING TEST LEADS
Use only the same type of test leads supplied with the
meter. These test leads are rated for 1200 volts. You can
order replacement leads from your local RadioShack
store.
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Caution: Although these test leads are rated for 1200
volts, the maximum rating of this meter is 1000 volts DC/
750 volts RMS AC. Do not try to measure any voltage
greater than 1000 volts DC/750 volts RMS AC.
USING ALLIGATOR CLIPS
Alligator clips are supplied to allow you to keep your
hands free while making measurements. To attach the al-
ligator clips to the test leads, screw the red clip to the red
test lead’s tip and the black clip to the black test lead’s
tip.
(illustration)
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USING THE STAND AND HOLSTER
The fold-out stand lets you place the meter upright on a
flat surface for easier viewing.
The holster lets you hang the meter on a wall, hold the
test leads, and protect the meter from damage if you drop
it.
(illus of meter
w/stand and
hanging)
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USING THE METER
Before you use the meter the first time to make a mea-
surement, follow these steps to confirm correct operation
and to familiarize yourself with the meter’s operation.
1. Press POWER to turn on the meter. All the display
elements briefly appear.
2. Set the selector to V.
3. Press RANGE to set the meter to the manual range
selection mode. RH (Range Hold) appears on the dis-
play. Press RANGE again. The decimal point shifts
each time you press RANGE. See “Manually Setting
the Range” on Page 20.
4. Use the selector to switch between the meter’s func-
tions and familiarize yourself with the displays.
(illus showing
all controls)
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Notes:
• See the unit of measure on the display to distinguish
the range. For example, the meter displays mV in the
300 mV range and Vin the 300 V range. Also, note
the position of the decimal. For example, if the dis-
play shows .000V, the meter is set to measure less
than 1 volt. If the display shows 000V, the meter is
set to measure up to 1000 volts.
• The display might show a phantom reading in some
DC and AC voltage ranges when the test leads are
not connected to a circuit. This is normal. The high
input sensitivity produces a wandering effect. When
you connect the test leads to a circuit, a real mea-
surement appears.
TAKING ACCURATE
MEASUREMENTS
For the most accurate reading, the temperature should
be between 65×F and 83×F (18×C and 28×C) (80% rela-
tive humidity maximum).
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Connect the red lead to the V•W• •mA•mA•terminal
and the black lead to the COM terminal. All connections
except 20 A measurements are made at these terminals.
Caution: When OL. (overload) appears on the display,
the value you are measuring exceeds the meter’s maxi-
mum range. This is a normal display when you measure
resistance and do not have the leads connected to a
component. If you are measuring voltage or current, im-
mediately disconnect the probes from the circuit.
AUTOMATIC POWER OFF
Your meter conserves power by sounding a warning tone
and automatically turning off about 10 minutes after the
last time you changed settings (even if you are making
measurements). To turn the meter back on, press
RANGE or DATA-H.
(illustration)
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MANUALLY SETTING THE RANGE
When you measure voltages or resistance, your meter
can automatically select a measuring range. When you
measure current, the meter automatically selects a range
within the limits of the selector’s setting. While this fea-
ture is convenient, it might be faster to manually set the
range when measuring values that you know are within a
certain range.
To switch to manual-range control, press RANGE. RH
(Range Hold) appears on the display and the meter holds
the range at its current setting. Repeatedly press RANGE
to change the measuring range.
To set the meter back to auto-range control, press and
hold RANGE for about 1 second. RH disappears from the
display and the meter automatically selects the range
that gives the best reading.
HOLDING A MEASUREMENT
Press DATA-H (data hold) to hold all indications on the
display. DH appears on the display and the measured
value stays on the display even if you remove the probes
from the circuit, but the range controls do not work.
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