Siemens Cerberus Pyrotronics PB-1191 User manual

P/N 315-095424-3
CERBERUS PYROTRONICS™
MODEL PB-1191
Linear Smoke Detection System
Operation and Installation Manual
Cerberus Division
Siemens Building Technologies, Inc.
8 ernwood Road
lorham Park, New Jersey 07932
Siemens Building Technologies, Ltd.
50 East Pearce Street
Richmond Hill, Ontario L4B 1B7 CN

 PB-1191 Beam Detector
1
Overview
Figure 1
PBA-1191
Characteristics
• Microprocessor-controlled signal processing
• Suitable for surveillance ranges from 17 to 280 feet
• Operates according to the principle of light-attenuation by smoke
• Response behavior selectable In 3 sensitivity stages
• Automatic digital compensation of ambient Influences
• High immunity to extraneous light
• Transmitter and receiver installed in the same housing
• Easy installation, adjustment, and commissioning
• Two-wire installation
• Comprehensive accessories
• New diagnostic capabilities with fuzzy logic
• Efficient signal processing algorithms with application-specific characteristics
• Comprehensive EMC concept based on the latest technologies enables the detector to be
installed in difficult environments
• Integrated multi-coincidence circuit suppresses extreme electrical and optical noise signals
• Automatic and comprehensive self-test design

PB-1191 Beam Detector
2
Design
The PB-1191 linear smoke detector has the following components:
• Base PBB-1191 consisting of:
– Terminal support with terminals
The base housing features six PG16 tapped cable inlets.
• Detector module PBA-1191 consisting of:
– Transmitter
– Receiver
– Lens
– Electronics
Insert the plug-in detector module just prior to alignment and commissioning. Align the Iens to the
reflector by setting the adjustment on the PBL-1191.
Reflectors
Different reflectors are available for different distances:
– 17ft to 99ft Reflector foil PBR-1193 (I0 x 10cm) 1 pc.
– 99ft to 164ft Reflector foil PBR-1192 (20 x 20cm) 1 pc.
– 164ft to 214ft Reflector foil PBR-1192 (20 x 20cm) 4 pcs.
– 214ft to 262ft Reflector foil PBR-1192 (20 x 20cm) 9 pcs.
– 66ft to 280ft Prism made of glass PBR-1191 (cat's eye) 1 pc.
Short distance filter
For shorter distances between 17ft and 33ft, use an additional short distance filter as listed below:
– 17ft to 26ft PBF-1191B
– 23ft to 33ft PBF-1191A
Accessories:
• Detector heater PBH-1191 protects against condensation of the lens
Auxiliary tools:
• Detector adjustment set PBL-1191 consisting of:
– Adjustment device
– Test filter
– Target device

 PB-1191 Beam Detector
3
Operating principle
The transmitter (IRLED) emits an invisible infrared (IR) pulse through the transmitter lens. The IR
pulse crosses over the measuring section and reaches the reflector located opposite the detector. The
reflector deflects the IR pulse back to the point of origin. The receiver lens directs the reflected IR
pulse to a silicon photodiode. The resulting electrical signal is evaluated by the electronics.
Coverage Area
Receiver
Transmitter
Detector
PBA-1191 Reflector
PBR-1191
Figure 2
Linear smoke detector without smoke
If smoke penetrates the measuring section, part of the light beam is absorbed by the smoke particles
while another part is scattered by the smoke particles; that is, the light beams merely change direction.
The remaining light reaches the reflector. The remaining light is then reflected and once again passes
through the measuring section and is further attenuated. Thus only a small portion of the beam
reaches the receiver and the signal (Ssmoke) becomes smaller.
Scattering
Scattering
Scattering
Smoke
Particles
Light Beam Absorption
Figure 3
Measuring principle of the linear smoke detector with smoke
Attenuation = Absorption + Scattering

PB-1191 Beam Detector
4
Technical Data
Value
Parameters Symbol Unit min. typ. max. Conditions
Operating voltage UbV18 28
(quiescent)
Maximum permissible voltage Umax V30
Switch-on current IemA 2.8
Operating current IbmA 1.5 2.8
(quiescent condition)
Alarm voltage at IA= 1 ... 10mA UAV5 11
Alarm current at Ub= 24V IAmA 40 75
Reset voltage URV2 6
Reset time (UR= 2V) tRs2
Distance between detector and L FT 17 280
reflector
Response sensitivity D1Attenuation of the beam
reduced % 65 (See TABLE on page 22.)
standard % 50
increased % 30
Compensation (if beam is % 50
attenuated)
Compensation speed %/h 4
Self-test interval min. 15
Response indicator
Voltage Uie V3 6
Current Iie mA 60
Electromagnetic compatibility V/m 50 1MHx...1GHz
Operating temperature Ta
OC -25 +60
Humidity <30OC<95% rel Transient condensation
>30OC<29g/m3allowed
Storage temperature Tl
OC -30 +75
Detector heater (optional)
Supply voltage UHVDC 20 30 Regulated DC
Operating current IHmA 33 50
(maximum 1 detector per detection line)

PB-1191 Beam Detector
5
Design and Principle of Operation
Detector
Short Distance Filter
Response Indicator
Connector for
Adjustment Device
Knurled Screw For
Vertical Adjustment
Receiver Lens
Locking Screw
Program Switch
Detector Heater Terminal
Reed Contact (initialization)
Transmitter Lens
Knurled Screw For
Horizontal Adjustment
Sighting Device
(mirror with backsight)
Sighting device (foresight)
Locking Screw
Figure 4
The Detector
Structure of the infrared beam
The infrared beam emitted by the transmitter to the reflector is not a strictly parallel bundle of rays.
It exhibits a certain degree of scattering which makes it conical in shape. The radiation energy de-
creases as you move towards the outside edges of the beam and can be divided into the three regions:
•effective
•core
•scattered
The reflector retransmits the received light.

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
6
Detector
PBA-1191
Reflector
PBR-1191
Effective
region
Core
region
Scattered
region
Figure 5
Structure of the infrared beam
•The effective region corresponds to the ribbon connecting transmitter, reflector and receiver.
•The core region contains sufficient radiation energy to operate the system.
•The energy in the scattered region is not sufficient to ensure reliable operation of the system.
Reflector
PBR-1191
Detector
PBA-1191
280 ft.
5 ft.
Figure 6
Diameter of the core region
Alignment Possibilitites
The infrared beam can be adjusted by 10° increments horizontally and in 5° increments vertically from
the center axis. When selecting the optimum mounting location, remember that this adjustment range
can be fully used. Experience has shown that the detector and reflector should be arranged as parallel
as possible especially with distances of >162.5 feet, as this makes adjustment simpler.
Detector
PBA-1191 Reflector
PBR-1191
280 ft.
44 ft.
44 ft.
10°
10°
Figure 7
Horizontal adjustment range of the optical system - max. 10° each side of the axis

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
7
5°
5°
Detector
PBA-1191
Reflector
PBR-1191
280 ft.
22 ft.
22 ft.
Figure 8
Vertical adjustment range of the optical system - max. 5° above and below the axis
Note: One rotation of the knurled screw moves the beam at 280 ft. approximately 3 ¾ ft.
Reflectors
Retroreflectors reflect the received light beam in parallel to the latter. For this reason the retroreflector
does not have to be installed parallel to the detector. Also vibrations and distortions of the reflector
mounting wall do not cause any problems. Another advantage is that any extraneous light is also
reflected in its own direction and consequently does not reach the receiver.
Reflector max. + 20°
max. + 20°
Reflector
Reflector
Figure 9
The reflector can be mounted inclined a maximum of ± 20Oin all directions
PBR-1191 prism
The retroreflecting prism has the shape of a pyramid whose lateral faces are formed by isosceles
orthogonal triangles. Light beams entering through the base are completely reflected twice on the
lateral faces and reflected back through the base.
The prism is installed in a housing that is identical to the one used for the detector base. The reflector
is equipped with a reflector heater. If condensation is possible, connect the heater to a 24V supply.

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
8
Light beam
Figure 10
PBR-1191 reflector and reflection principle
PBR-1192, PBR-1193 reflector
This reflector consists of microprismatic elements that are formed by transparent, synthetic resin
sealed to a plastic substrate.
Compatibility
COMPATIBLE EQUIPMENT
System Zone
Module
System - 3 ZB-35
MXL CZM-4
MXL-IQ CZM-4
PXL PCM-1
PZE-4B
SXL-EX SZE-4X

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
9
Planning
Fundamentals of planning
The linear smoke detector PBA-1191 is ideal for certain applications. Use it to supplement or replace
point-type smoke detectors. Refer to the Fields of Use table for suitable applications.
FIELDS OF USE
Very Suitable: Suitable:
Large and high halls
Aircraft hangars
Cable and energy ducts
Churches
Buildings with artwork ceilings of historical interest
Rooms with complex ceiling sructures
Rooms with strong air currents
Heavy soiling of point detectors (textile and wood processing)
Monitoring at different levels
Expensive installation and maintenance of point detectors,
for example:
-- in sawtooth roofs
-- very high rooms
-- where point detectors would have to be
suspended at a lower level
Underground garages >9ft high (min)
Computer rooms
Under floor
Above ceiling
Corridors
Inner courtyards (malls)
Open-plan offices
Cross zone releasing appliances
In combination with flame detectors
Operating conditions
The distance between the PBA-1191 and the reflector must be between 17 ft and 280 ft.
- There must be a permanent line of vision between the PBA-1191 and the reflector. Care should
be taken to ensure that the IR beam is not interrupted by moving objects such as overhead
cranes, etc., which can lead to trouble signals.
- If point detectors cannot be used because of the interfering effects of smoke, steam, or dust,
note that the PBA-1191 will only solve the problem in certain cases.
- Avoid frontal incidence of sunlight, light from halogen lamps, etc. on the PBA-1191.
- Always mount the PBA-1191 in the vicinity of the ceiling (See Figure 11 for distances). The
detector placement must not be too close to or too far from the ceiling.
- The PBA-1191 is also suitable for very high rooms. As a supplementary measure, install
additional PBA-1191s at different levels and/or use additional flame detectors.

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
10
Monitoring areas with flat ceilings
Min. spacing between two
parallel beams determined by
distance PBA-1191 and reflector
(See Figure 20)
Distance between PBA-1191
and reflector 17 - 280 ft.
min 1 ft.
Max. distance from ceiling
1 ft. for rooms <33 ft. high
(See Figures 21 & 22)
Max. width of monitored area
determined by height of room
(See Figure 23)
Figure 11
Detector layout in areas with flat ceilings
Monitoring areas with sloping ceilings
To be defined as sloping, a ceiling must have an angle of inclination of at least 11O which corresponds
to >7.0 inch/yard. With gable roofs which have a slope of >0.5, always arrange a monitoring beam in
the gable area.
Additional PBA-1191s on the slope of the ceiling
The number of PBA-1191s required results from the maximum permissible monitoring width shown in
Figure 23.
1/4 1/4 1/41/4
Figure 12
Arrangement with 3 monitoring beams on a sloping ceiling

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
11
1/3 1/6 1/6 1/3
Figure 13
If the ceiling slopes only slightly (N <0.5), the monitoring beam in the gable is unnecessary
Height of room
Both distances are determined by height of the room
(See Figure 23.)
When the sides of the roof are unequal,
the unit must be displaced from the
center towards the less steep side.
Figure 14
Positioning underneath unequal sloping ceilings
With sloping ceilings the smoke is channeled into the gable, resulting in an increased smoke concen-
tration in this area. Therefore, the monitoring width for each PBA-1191 can be increased according to
Figure 23.

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
12
Monitoring areas with beam constructions
Note that the term beams, also covers such structures as air conditioning ducts which are mounted up
to 0.5 ft below the ceiling.
Layout underneath beam construction
If the beam construction is less than 20% of the total height of the room, the units of the linear smoke
detector can be mounted below the beams as indicated in Figure 15.
Note: When calculating the width of the monitored area, only the distance up to the
beam construction counts as the height of the room.
min. 1 ft.
100%
a<20%
a: Height for determining max. width of
monitored area
Figure 15
Detector layout underneath beam construction
Layout within the beam area
When the beam construction is more than 20% of the total height of the room, then the beams can be
considered as room dividers and each section must be individually monitored.
Note: When distance exceeds maximum monitored area, mount more than one linear
smoke detector per section.
<20%
100%
Figure 16
Detector layout within beam construction

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
13
Detection of smoldering fire in high rooms
In order to detect smoldering fires with weak thermal current even in high rooms, the second IR beam
must be arranged at the assumed height of the spread of smoke of a smoldering fire.
PBA-1191
Reflectors
10 ft. up to
60% of the
room height
Figure 17
Detection of smoldering fires in high rooms with two linear smoke detectors
Guideline for distances between PBA-1191 and reflector
Distance PB reflector Types and number of reflectors
17 — 33 ft
33 — 99 ft
99 — 164 ft
164 — 214 ft
214 — 262 ft
66 — 280 ft
Short distance filter + 1 PBR-1193
1 PBR-1193
1 PBR-1192
4 PBR-1192
9 PBR-1192
1 PBR-1191
If a number of reflectors are used, they must be arranged close together and in the form of a square.
Distances are approximate; they depend on detector and reflector tolerances and can easily vary by a
few yards. The important thing is that sufficient signal strength is achieved.
Penetration of panes of glass
With the reflector principle, the penetration of panes of glass is subject to certain restrictions.
•Panes of glass must be absolutely smooth, clear and firmly installed.
•Panes of glass must never be positioned at an angle to the optical axis, in which the pane of
glass has the effect of a mirror and can reflect the beam back to the receiver (angle of inci-
dence = angle of reflection).
•No more than 2 panes of 3/16 inch glass may be penetrated.
•Each pane of glass reduces the distance by 66 feet.

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
14
PBR-1191PBR-1191 PBA-1191PBA-1191 Pane of glass Partial light
scatter
Partial light
scatter
min. 10°
Pane of glass
CORRECT - THE RECEIVER IS NOT AFFECTED INCORRECT - THE RECEIVER IS AFFECTED
Figure 18
With the penetration of panes of glass, check the angle in relation to the optical axis
Partial light
scatter
Partial light
scatter
Glass wall
PBA-1191
Glass wall
PBA-1191
PLAN
FRONT ELEVATION
PBR-1191
correctly
positioned
PBR-1191
incorrectly
positioned
PBR-1191
Glass wall
PBA-1191
PBR-1191
correctly
positioned
PBR-1191
incorrectly
positioned
Figure 19
Application example for the penetration of pages of glass

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
15
Minimum distances between two pairs of detectors
The monitoring beam must not be mounted closer than 1 ft. to the ceiling, walls, installations, and
stored material.
In order to prevent the mutual interference of two or more PBA-1191 detectors where there is an
increasing distance between PBA-1191 and reflector, maintain an ever-increasing transverse distance
between PBA-1191 and reflector.
Figure 20
Minimum distance between two parallel IR beams
Beam spacing from the ceiling
In order for the IR beam to detect the smoke, it is normally mounted immediately beneath the cushion
of warm air. The higher the room, the further away the PBA-1191 and the reflector should be mounted
from the ceiling.
Figure 21
Distance from IR beam ⇒⇒
⇒⇒
⇒flat ceiling (N < 0,2)

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
16
NOTE: The steeper the gable roof, the greater the distance must be between the IR beam in
the gable and the ridge.
Figure 22
Distance from IR beam ⇒⇒
⇒⇒
⇒sloping ceiling (N > 0,2)
Maximum monitoring width
The monitoring width can be increased with increasing room height.
Figure 23
Monitoring width dependent on the room height
If the monitoring beam is set at a low level in order to detect a smouldering fire, use the distance
between the floor and detector instead of the room height. However, choose a narrower monitoring
width to cover increased risks.

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
17
Measures against condensation
If the PBA-1191 or the reflector is mounted on cool outside walls or in rooms in which there is high
humidity and a rapid increase in temperature (e.g. sunshine on a non-insulated roof), use the detector
heating unit PBH-1191. If condensation on the front cover causes troubles or false alarms, or for short
distances, use the reflector PBR-1191 with built-in heating.
Installation locations
When installation locations are rigid and vibration-free, large temperature fluctuations (e.g., between
day and night) have only a slight influence on steel girders and do not greatly affect the building struc-
ture. However, if the installation location is not rigid, the closely bundled infrared beam can drift from
the receiver and cause an alarm or trouble signal. Unstable installation locations include:
•the walls of rooms constructed of steel which expand and contract due to the
temperature coefficient of steel
•masonry walls upon which a steel roof has been constructed
•non-bonded wooden beam construction
In the cases listed above the PBA-1191 must be mounted on the rigid structural element, while the
reflector can be mounted on the unstable wall.
INCORRECT
PBR-1191 PBA-1191
Figure 24
Deflection of the IR beam caused by heat on the steel roof
CORRECT
PBA-1191 PBR-1191
Figure 25
Possible solution: mounting the PB-1191 on the stable surface
and mounting the reflector on the unstable wall

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
18
Accessibility
The PB-1191 must always be easily accessible in high halls for commissioning and servicing. Suitable
equipment for this purpose includes fixed ladders, catwalks, etc. or safe mobile equipment such as
stacker trucks, sky-workers etc.
Figure 26
Difficult and dangerous work using a ladder
Figure 27
Precise and safe work using a permanent plafform

PB-1191 Beam Detector Manual
19
Installation
Mounting
Surface mounting directly on the wall (minimum clearance to ceiling and other obstacles at least 1 ft)
6"
4 5\8"
Detector module
PBA-1191 Mounting plane
PBB-1191
NOTE: The response
indicator should always
be at the bottom.
5 3/8"
5 3\8"
PG16
3/16"
Base PBB-1191
3/16"
Figure 28
Installation of the PBA-1191
Detector module
PBA-1191
6"
Mounting plane
PBR-1191
Reflector heater
5 3/8"
5 3\8"
3/16"
2 5\8"
1¾"
PG16
Figure 29
Installation of the PBR-1191 Reflector