StorageTek LTO User manual

StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive
User Guide
Doc. Part number: 875–4296–12
Fourth edition: November 2010

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Contents
About this guide ...................................................................................................... 7
Intended audience ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Document conventions and symbols ................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Technical support ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Websites ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Documentation feedback .................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
1 Before you start ..................................................................................................... 9
Important information about your new tape drive ........................................................................................................................................ 9
Supported models ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Which operating systems are supported? ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
How do I connect the drive to my server? ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
Internal drives .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
External drives ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Why is the SCSI bus type important? ............................................................................................................................................................. 11
Power specifications .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Usage models ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Other usage models ................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Drivers ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Backup software ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
2 Installing an internal LTO SCSI tape drive ..................................................... 15
Check the internal drive's SCSI ID .................................................................................................................................................................. 15
Prepare mounting bay ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Attach mounting hardware .............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
Install drive ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Connect SCSI and power cables ...................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Where should the SCSI terminator be? ................................................................................................................................................ 20
Secure the drive ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 21
Reboot the server ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
3 Installing an external LTO SCSI tape drive .................................................... 23
Check the external drive's SCSI ID ................................................................................................................................................................. 23
Connect the SCSI cable ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Does the tape drive need a terminator? ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Connect the power cable .................................................................................................................................................................................. 25
Reboot the server ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
4 Verify installation ............................................................................................... 27
5 Understanding the LEDs ................................................................................... 29
Your StorageTek LTO tape drive ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Understanding LED sequences ....................................................................................................................................................................... 30
6 Operating your tape drive ................................................................................ 33
Loading a cartridge ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Unloading a cartridge ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Removing power from the drive ..................................................................................................................................................................... 34
7 Use the correct media ........................................................................................ 35
Ordering media .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Cartridges ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Cleaning cartridges ................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
3StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

Data cartridges ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
WORM data cartridges ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
Write protecting cartridges .............................................................................................................................................................................. 36
Cleaning the tape drive ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Handling cartridges .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Operating and storage environment .............................................................................................................................................................. 38
8 Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 39
General procedure ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 39
Optimizing performance .................................................................................................................................................................................. 40
Is the tape drive on a dedicated SCSI bus? .......................................................................................................................................... 40
Can your system deliver the required performance? ......................................................................................................................... 40
Problems with cartridges .................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
The cartridge is jammed ......................................................................................................................................................................... 41
The drive will not accept the cartridge (or ejects it immediately) .................................................................................................... 41
A SCSI configuration guide ................................................................................. 43
SCSI in LTO devices .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Daisy chaining devices ........................................................................................................................................................................... 43
SCSI terminology ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Setting up the SCSI bus ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
SCSI ID numbers ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
Identifying SCSI IDs .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
Setting the SCSI ID on LTO drives .................................................................................................................................................................. 45
SCSI termination ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 45
Internal drives .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
External drives ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
SCSI cables .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Cable length .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 48
Cable quality ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 48
With internal devices .................................................................................................................................................................... 48
With external devices .................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Note on SE and LVDS interfaces ........................................................................................................................................................... 48
Index ........................................................................................................................ 49
4

Figures
Front view of the LTO external tape drive ................................................................................ 101
Usage model ................................................................................................................................... 122
Checking the SCSI ID .................................................................................................................... 163
Attaching mounting rails .............................................................................................................. 184
Attaching locating screws ............................................................................................................. 185
Installing tape drive ....................................................................................................................... 196
Connecting SCSI and power cables ............................................................................................. 207
Securing drive, mounting hardware used .................................................................................. 218
Securing drive, no mounting hardware used ............................................................................ 219
Setting the SCSI ID ......................................................................................................................... 2310
Connecting the SCSI cable ............................................................................................................ 2511
Connecting the power cable ......................................................................................................... 2612
Front view of StorageTek LTO-4 external tape drive ................................................................ 2913
Inserting a cartridge ...................................................................................................................... 3314
Ejecting a cartridge ........................................................................................................................ 3415
Write protecting a cartridge ......................................................................................................... 3716
SCSI termination in internal drives ............................................................................................. 4617
SCSI termination on a single LTO tape drive ............................................................................ 4718
SCSI termination in daisy-chained external drives ................................................................... 4719
5StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

Tables
Document conventions ................................................................................................................... 71
Supported SCSI bus types ............................................................................................................ 112
Power specifications ...................................................................................................................... 123
Recommended usage models ....................................................................................................... 134
LED sequences ............................................................................................................................... 305
Rear panel LED sequences ........................................................................................................... 316
Data cartridge compatibility ........................................................................................................ 367
Environmental specifications for LTO tape drives ................................................................... 398
6

About this guide
This guide provides information about:
• Installing the LTO SCSI tape drive
• Using the LTO SCSI tape drive
• Troubleshooting the LTO SCSI tape drive
Intended audience
This guide is intended for users who install, operate and maintain the LTO tape drive.
Document conventions and symbols
Table 1 Document conventions
ElementConvention
Cross-reference links and e-mail addressesBlue text: Table 1 on page 7
website addressesBlue, underlined text: http://www.oracle.com
• Keys that are pressed
• Text typed into a GUI element, such as a box
• GUI elements that are clicked or selected, such as
menu and list items, buttons, tabs, and check boxes
Bold text
Text emphasisItalic text
• File and directory names
• System output
• Code
• Commands, their arguments, and argument values
Monospace text
• Code variables
• Command variables
Monospace, italic text
Emphasized monospace text
Monospace, bold text
WARNING!
Indicates that failure to follow directions could result in bodily harm or death.
CAUTION:
Indicates that failure to follow directions could result in damage to equipment or data.
7StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

IMPORTANT:
Provides clarifying information or specific instructions.
NOTE:
Provides additional information.
Technical support
Telephone numbers for worldwide technical support are listed on the support website: http://www.sun.com/contact/
support.jsp.
Collect the following information before calling:
• Contract number
• Product serial numbers
• Product model names and numbers
• Error messages
• Operating system type and revision level
• Detailed questions
For continuous quality improvement, calls may be recorded or monitored.
Websites
For additional information, see the following websites:
• http://www.oracle.com — Corporate website
• http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/tape-storage/index.html — Storage products
• http://www.sun.com/contact/support.jsp — Support website
• http://docs.sun.com/ — Products documentation
Documentation feedback
Your feedback is welcome.
To make comments and suggestions about product documentation, please submit comments to: http://www.sun.com/secure/
products-n-solutions/hardware/docs/feedback.
About this guide8

1 Before you start
In this chapter:
• “Important information about your new tape drive” on page 9
• “Supported models” on page 9
• “Which operating systems are supported?” on page 10
• “How do I connect the drive to my server?” on page 10
• “Why is the SCSI bus type important?” on page 11
• “Power specifications” on page 12
• “Usage models” on page 12
• “Drivers” on page 13
• “Backup software” on page 13
Important information about your new tape drive
This guide describes how to install and operate Linear Tape-Open (LTO) SCSI half-height internal and external tape drives.
For the most up-to-date information about supported HBAs and cabling configurations, refer to http://docs.sun.com/app/
docs/prod/storage.net#hic.
Supported models
This guide describes how to install and operate the following LTO tape drive models:
•LTO-4 internal and external tape drives. These are Ultra 320 SCSI devices with a maximum burst transfer speed of 320
MB/s. They can write uncompressed data at up to 80 MB/s (288 GB/hour).
•LTO-3 internal and external tape drives. These are Ultra 320 SCSI devices with a maximum burst transfer speed of 320
MB/s. They can write uncompressed data at up to 60 MB/s (216 GB/hour).
•LTO-2 internal and external tape drives: These are Ultra 160 SCSI devices with a maximum burst transfer speed of 160
MB/s. They can write uncompressed data at up to 24 MB/s (86 GB/hour).
For a detailed product specification, please refer to http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/tape-storage/
index.html.
9StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

5. Drive LED1. Cartridge door
6. Ready LED2. On/Off switch (external drives only)
7. Eject button3. Clean LED
4. Tape LED
Figure 1 Front view of the LTO external tape drive
.
Which operating systems are supported?
LTO tape drives can be connected to servers running under Solaris, Linux and other major operating systems. Refer to http:/
/www.oracle.com for the most recent information about the operating system versions that are supported.
How do I connect the drive to my server?
Check the usage models on “Usage models” on page 12. This shows how the LTO tape drive can be used in different system
architectures.
The following guidelines apply:
• You will need a properly installed and configured SCSI host bus adapter (HBA) or a built-in SCSI controller on your
server and a suitable SCSI cable. See also “Why is the SCSI bus type important?” on page 11.
• For optimum performance the drive should be the only device on the SCSI bus.
• Always terminate the SCSI bus. LTO internal tape drives require terminators; external drives are auto terminating as
long as they are on a dedicated SCSI bus or the last device on a chain.
• Do not attach the drive to the same SCSI bus as your disk drive or to a RAID controller.
Internal drives
The tape drive is installed into a spare, industry-standard, 5¼-inch, half-height drive bay in your server and is attached to
the SCSI bus of the host server. Use an LVDS-compatible ribbon cable to connect the tape drive to a spare 68-pin, high density
(HD68), wide SCSI connector on the host server. The cable must be terminated.
See also “Installing an internal tape drive” on page 15.
Before you start10

External drives
A 68-pin, wide, VHDCI-to-HD68 SCSI cable is required to attach the tape drive to the host server. See also “Installing an
external tape drive” on page 23.
Why is the SCSI bus type important?
The SCSI bus type determines the speed at which data can be transferred between devices on the bus and the maximum
length of cable that can be used. LTO-4 and LTO-3 drives support a burst transfer rate of 320 MB/sec. LTO-2 drives support
a burst transfer rate of 160 MB/sec. To benefit from this level of performance, it is important to ensure that the drives are
connected to a SCSI bus of a similar or higher specification. This means that you need:
•An Ultra320 bus for LTO-4 and LTO-3 drives. An Ultra160 or Ultra320 SCSI bus for LTO-2 drives. If you attach the
drive to a lower specification SCSI bus, it may still work but will transfer data at a lower speed.
•LVDS-rated SCSI cabling and terminators. The LVDS interface enables the data to be transferred at the drive's maximum
rate.
Table 2 Supported SCSI bus types
SupportedSCSI Bus Type
Yes. This is a recommended configuration for all LTO tape drives.
Do not daisy chain LTO–4 or LTO–3 tape drives because performance may be degraded.
Do not daisy chain LTO-2 tape drives with Ultra320 devices.
Ultra320 LVDS
Yes. This is a recommended configuration for LTO-2 tape drives. It is an acceptable
configuration for LTO–4 and LTO–3 tape drives, but it could limit performance on the
LTO–4 tape drive.
Up to two LTO-2 tape drives may be daisy-chained. Do not daisy-chain LTO–4 or LTO–3
tape drives.
Ultra160 LVDS
Yes. This is acceptable for one LTO-2 drive per bus.
Do not use with LTO–4 or LTO–3 tape drives and do not daisy-chain LTO-2 tape drives.
Ultra2 LVDS
These are not recommended configurations because they will restrict performance.
Ultra wide LVDS
and single-ended
No. This will severely restrict performance and you would need a suitable cable or ad-
apter.
Ultra narrow,
single-ended
No. The drive will not work and you may damage the drive or controller.
High Voltage Dif-
ferential
11StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

Power specifications
For a detailed product specification, please refer to http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/tape-storage/
index.html.
Table 3 Power specifications
All LTO half-height tape drives
13 Watts idle,
26 Watts typical,
40 Watts maximum
Power consumption
+5V @ 1.9A typical
+5V @ 3.9A maximum
+12V @ 0.7A typical
+12V @ 2.5A maximum
Power requirements
100–240 VAC, 50-60 Hz, auto-ranging, 0.7A maximum
Power require-
ments,external tape
drives
Usage models
LTO tape drives can be used in a standalone or network environment. However, they should always be directly attached
to a suitable SCSI connector on the storage server.
ServerA
Tape driveB
Figure 2 Usage model
.
Before you start12

The following table shows the recommended usage models and “Optimizing performance” on page 40 provides further
information about factors that can affect performance.
Table 4 Recommended usage models
Across the Network,
single storage server, multiple clients
Direct Attach,
single storage server
Not recommendedRecommendedLTO-4
Requires careful design to utilize the drive's performance
capabilities, even Gigabit Ethernet will limit performance
RecommendedLTO-3
Recommended, anything less than Gigabit Ethernet may
limit performance
RecommendedLTO-2
A RAID disk subsystem is recommended for all usage models.
A single-spindle disk will not be able to deliver adequate data throughput for an LTO–4 or LTO–3 tape drive at any
compression ratio. To maximize the capability of your LTO–4 or LTO–3 tape drive, use aggregated disk sources (RAID) with
multiple disk spindles.
A single-spindle disk, particularly a fast disk such as a 15K RPM drive, will be sufficient for LTO-2 tape drives, but be aware
of other factors that can affect performance—such as, compressibility of data, disk fragmentation and the number of files.
See also “Optimizing performance” on page 40.
Other usage models
The tape drive may work with other usage models, such as network attach storage (NAS) and storage area networks (SAN),
but there is currently no technical support for installing and using standalone LTO tape drives with these architectures.
Similarly, connection to Fibre Channel may be possible, if you purchase and install a Fibre Channel/SCSI bridge, but it is
not currently a supported option.
Drivers
Tape drivers are available on SunSolve (http://sunsolve.sun.com).
• Solaris 10 requires Update 4 (08/07) or later.
• Solaris 9 requires patch 113272-52 or later.
• Solaris 8 requires patch 108725-27 or later.
Backup software
For optimum performance it is important to use a backup application that is appropriate for your system's configuration.
In a direct-attach configuration, where the tape drive is attached to a standalone server, you can use backup software that
is designed for a single-server environment. In network configurations you will need backup software that supports enterprise
environments.
13StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

Further details about suitable products can be found on http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/
tape-storage/029151.htm. It is important to check for software compatibility and install any recommended upgrades.
NOTE:
Certain backup applications require you to use their own tape driver instead of the Solaris tape driver.
Before you start14

2 Installing an internal LTO SCSI tape
drive
If you are installing an external LTO tape drive, refer to “Installing an external tape drive” on page 23.
• “Check the internal drive's SCSI ID” on page 15
• “Prepare mounting bay” on page 16
• “Attach mounting hardware” on page 17
• “Install drive ” on page 19
• “Attach power and SCSI cables” on page 19
• “Secure the drive” on page 21
• “Reboot the server” on page 22
Check the internal drive's SCSI ID
Your LTO tape drive is shipped with a default SCSI ID of 3. Each device on the SCSI bus must have a unique SCSI ID. The
drive can be assigned any unused ID between 0 and 15. Do not use SCSI ID 7, which is reserved for the SCSI controller. SCSI
ID 0 is typically assigned to the boot disk and should not be used unless the tape drive is on a dedicated SCSI bus.
CAUTION:
Static electricity can damage electronic components. Always wear an antistatic wriststrap if possible. If not, to equalize the
electromagnetic charges, touch a bare metal part of the server (such as the back plate) before you remove the tape drive from
its bag.
15StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

Figure 3 Checking the SCSI ID
.
1. Determine whether you need to change the SCSI ID from the default of 3.
2. Change the tape drive's SCSI ID, if necessary.
The SCSI ID is set by putting jumpers on a set of pins at the rear of the drive. Figure 3 shows how the jumpers must be
positioned on the pins to set the corresponding ID. Use tweezers or small pliers to move the jumpers to the pattern
corresponding to the ID you want. Spare jumpers are provided with the drive.
Prepare mounting bay
You need one industry-standard, 5¼-inch, half-height bay in which to install the LTO tape drive.
WARNING!
To avoid personal injury or damage to the server or tape drive, ensure that the server is disconnected from the main power
supply while you install the drive.
CAUTION:
Static electricity can damage electronic components. Always wear an antistatic wriststrap if possible. If not, to equalize the
electromagnetic charges, touch a bare metal part of the chassis, such as the backplate. Similarly, touch a bare metal part of the
drive before installing it.
Installing an internal LTO SCSI tape drive16

1. Assemble the necessary tools and materials:
• Phillips screwdriver
• Flat-head screwdriver (if your server uses slotted screws)
• Torx screwdriver (if your server uses torx screws)
• Your server manuals (for reference during installation)
2. Perform a normal system shutdown and turn off the server and any connected peripherals.
3. Remove the cover and front panel from the server, as detailed in your server's documentation.
As you work inside the server, you may have to disconnect other signal cables or power cables from other devices to
maneuver the new drive into place. If you have to do this, make a note of their position and connections so you can put
them back correctly later.
NOTE:
The server must provide forced cooling and be capable of drawing 6 cfm (0.17 m3/minute or 10.08 m3/hour) of air through
the tape drive at up to 40° C ambient operation. This reduces to 4 cfm at 35° C ambient operation. Ensure that empty bays
have the appropriate blank plates installed so that airflow is maintained.
4. Remove the filler panel from a spare 5¼-inch bay of your server, as described in your server's documentation. With
some servers, you must also remove the half-height device divider.
5. You are now ready to install your tape drive.
Attach mounting hardware
If your server requires special rails or other hardware to install the tape drive, mount them on the tape drive now.
If your server does not require special mounting hardware, proceed to “Install drive ” on page 19 now.
Check your server documentation to ascertain the correct method of mounting, and to check whether mounting hardware
is provided with the server or must be purchased separately.
CAUTION:
The LTO half-height drive only allows 3 mm of the engagement of the screw into the drive. If you remove an existing drive,
do not assume the screws that you remove are the correct length for your new LTO drive. Always use 3 mm screws and use
washers or shims to tighten, if necessary.
Different models of server require different mounting methods. Always refer to your server documentation for details. The
following diagrams illustrate common mounting methods. If mounting hardware is supplied with your tape drive, it may
not be exactly the same as shown in the illustrations.
17StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

Figure 4 Attaching mounting rails
.
1. M3 mounting screws
2. M3 offset mounting screws
Figure 5 Attaching locating screws
.
NOTE:
Use 3 mm screws and, if you cannot tighten the screws, use washers or metal shims to secure them.
Installing an internal LTO SCSI tape drive18

Install drive
NOTE:
If cable access for the tape drive bay is awkward, it may be easier to access power and other connections if the tape drive is
installed in the top bay. You may need to move other devices to lower bays to achieve this. Refer also to your server
documentation.
Slide the tape drive into the open bay, aligning the tray or rails with the slots in the bay, as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6 Installing tape drive
.
NOTE:
The illustration shows a server that uses mounting rails. If your server does not use mounting hardware, check that the holes
in the chassis are aligned with the holes in the side of the tape drive.
Do not secure the drive at this point because you may have to move the drive to get the cables into place.
Connect SCSI and power cables
To support the high performance of the tape drive it is important that you connect to a recommended SCSI bus and use a
suitable SCSI cable, see “Why is the SCSI bus type important?” on page 11.
1. Check your server or HBA documentation to ensure that the SCSI bus and cabling supports the tape drive's bus speeds:
Ultra320 for LTO–4 and LTO–3 tape drives, Ultra160 for LTO-2 tape drives. See also “Why is the SCSI bus type
important?” on page 11.
2. Attach the SCSI ribbon cable supplied with the tape drive to the SCSI host bus adapter and connect it to the SCSI
connector of the drive, as shown in Figure 7.
3. Attach a spare power cable from the server's internal power supply to the power connector, as shown in Figure 7.
19StorageTek LTO Half-Height SCSI Tape Drive

4. Attach a spare connector on the server's built-in SCSI bus or the HBA's SCSI ribbon cable to the SCSI connector of the
drive, as shown in Figure 7.
5. If the drive is the last device on the SCSI chain, make sure that the SCSI cable is terminated correctly.
Daisy-chaining two devices is not recommended. If you were to do so, do not mix drive families (daisy-chain only with
other LTO tape drives) and do not daisy chain any Ultra320 devices.
5. server's power supply1. SCSI cable
6. SCSI controller2. power cable
7. terminated SCSI cable3. tape drive
4. power cable
Figure 7 Connecting SCSI and power cables
.
Where should the SCSI terminator be?
Termination must be present at two and ONLY two positions on the SCSI bus—at the beginning of the SCSI bus and at the
end of the SCSI bus. Termination is normally enabled by default on the HBA and most internal SCSI cables have a terminator
attached. This will usually be a small, rectangular block of plastic attached to the cable end and marked ‘SCSI Terminator'.
Therefore, assuming the HBA is the first device on the bus, you should check that the second terminator is placed after the
last device, as shown in Figure 7, item 7.
Installing an internal LTO SCSI tape drive20