TDI TURBOTWIN T100-VE User manual

From Tech Development
6800 Poe Ave. Dayton OH 45414
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Website: tdi-turbotwin.com
Publication T1-932
Dated: May 20, 2016
INSTALLATION AND OPERATING
MANUAL
MODEL: T100-VE
TURBOTWIN Engine Air Starters

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932
Page: i Issued May 20, 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION SUBJECT PAGE
1.0 General Information...............................................................................1
1.1 Description.............................................................................................1
1.2 Product Identification.............................................................................1
1.3 Physical Characteristics.........................................................................2
1.4 Performance ..........................................................................................2
2.0 Orientation of the Starter .......................................................................2
3.0 Installing the Starter...............................................................................2
3.1 Supply Line Installation..........................................................................3
3.2 Inlet Pressure Port.................................................................................3
3.3 Exhaust Piping.......................................................................................4
3.4 Soft Start Valve & Filter Fitting ..............................................................4
3.5 Natural Gas Installation .........................................................................4
3.6 Piping System........................................................................................4
3.7 Atex Applications...................................................................................4
3.8 Best Installation Practices......................................................................5
4.0 Starter Operation...................................................................................6
4.1 Basic Operation .....................................................................................6
4.2 Automated Start Panel...........................................................................7
4.3 Best Operating Practices.......................................................................7
5.0 T00-VE Warranty...................................................................................7
6.0 Operator’s Troubleshooting Guide ........................................................8
ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
1 Direction of Rotation……………………...................................................2
2 T100-VE with Exhaust Closure Plate ......................................................9
3 T100-VE with Exhaust Deflector……………..........................................10
4 T100-VE Installation Drawing……………..............................................11
5 T100-VE Installation Drawing (Multiple Starters)………........................12
T112-VE Performance Curve – 12 nozzles (air)....................................13
T121-VE Performance Curve – 21 nozzles (air)....................................13
T112-VE Performance Curve – 12 nozzles (gas)..................................14
T121-VE Performance Curve – 21 nozzles (gas)..................................14

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932 Page 1
Issued May 20, 2016
1.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
This manual provides instructions for the installation and
operation of the TDI T100-VE TURBOTWIN Air Starters. If
there are questions not answered in this manual, please
contact your TDI TURBOTWIN distributor or dealer for
assistance.
The T100-VE starters are turbine driven starters with a
pre-engaged starter drive. The T100-VE starters have
applications ranging from 1800 CID (30 Liters) on diesel
engines and up to 18000 CID (300 Liters) on gas
engines. The T100-VE models are suited to operate
within a wide range of inlet pressures and ambient
temperatures. The engine size and parasitic loading will
determine the exact minimum pressure that will assure
reliable cranking.
The T100-VE starters are designed for operation with
compressed air or natural gas; materials used are
compatible with “sour” natural gas and marine
environments. Small amounts of foreign matter or liquid
in the air supply will not adversely affect T100-VE
starters. As with all TDI starters, no lubrication is
required in the air supply.
Please review the rest of this manual before installing
the T100-VE air starter.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
Certain types of information are highlighted in this
manual for your attention:
WARNING - used where injury to personnel or
damage to the equipment is possible.
CAUTION - used where there is the possibility of
damage to the equipment.
NOTE - used to point out special interest
information.
NOTE
Throughout this manual, the term “air” is used to
designate the starter drive medium. Unless otherwise
stated, “air” means either compressed air or natural gas.
1.1 DESCRIPTION
The T100-VE features three basic subassemblies: a
unique two stage turbine motor section, an offset/spur
gear assembly and a pre-engage drive assembly.
The two stage motor section features greater stall torque
than a single stage turbine plus aerodynamic speed
control. This aerodynamic speed control helps protect
the T100-VE starter from damage caused by starter
motor over speed. In addition, a specially designed
motor housing module and low-mass rotors provide fail-
safe operation.
The T100-VE employs 9.25:1 ratio spur gearbox. This
low gear ratio allows the turbine motor to spin at low
speeds for long bearing life. At a typical 3000 rpm pinion
speed, the turbine is rotating at a low 27750 rpm.
A reliable pre-engaged drive delivers the torque to the
pinion. The pinion is translated out to engage the
engine's ring gear via the starter’s engagement piston.
Compressed air or natural gas is used to power the
T100-VE through the inlet port. The air or gas is
expanded through the first nozzle or stators. The high
velocity gas impinges on the first stage rotor to yield
torque to the gearbox through momentum exchange.
The gas is further directed through the second stage
stators which impart additional torque to the second
stage rotor.
1.2 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
The starter nameplate which is attached to the turbine
housing contains the following information: model
number, serial number, part number, direction of rotation
and the maximum rated operating pressure.
The directions of rotation are either right hand or left
hand rotation as shown in Figure 1. Right Hand rotation
is defined as clockwise rotation as viewed from the
pinion end of the starter, and Left Hand rotation is
counter clockwise rotation viewed from the pinion end of
the starter.

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Page 2 Publication T1-932
Issued May 20, 2016
Figure 1. Direction of Rotation viewed from Pinion End.
The maximum operating pressure identified on the
nameplate is measured at the check port on the starter
inlet with the starter in operation.
CAUTION
Exceeding the maximum pressure shown on the
nameplate may result in drive failure, damage to the
starter, or damage to the engine.
The housing proof pressure is 600 psig and is also
shown on the nameplate. This means that the turbine
housing will not burst when subjected to a static
pressure of 600 psig.
1.3 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 2 shows the standard configuration for the T100-
VE with exhaust screen. This model weighs
approximately 54 lbs. and is 16.8 inches in length. The
turbine housing diameter is 6.8 inches, which is common
to all T100 TURBOTWIN air starters.
1.4 PERFORMANCE
The performance curve for the T100-VE illustrates the
pinion torque versus pinion speed (rpm) at a constant
drive air pressure, and horsepower versus pinion
speed at a constant drive air pressure. The pinion
speed is shown on the horizontal axis while the pinion
torque is shown on the left edge of the vertical axis. Air
consumption rates are given for the various drive
pressures. The drive gas used for the performance
curve is air.
2.0 ORIENTATION OF THE STARTER
If the factory orientation of the starter turbine housing
assembly does not fit your engine installation, this
component can be re-oriented.
Determine the required orientation of the turbine housing
assembly and gearbox housing assembly. The turbine
housing assembly can be rotated to six different
positions relative to the gearbox housing assembly. The
drive assembly can be rotated to twenty four positions
relative to the inlet port.
Orientation of the starter should be accomplished prior to
installing the starter on the engine.
CAUTION
All screw threads are treated at the factory with a
fastener retention compound. Every screw and
tapped hole must be clean and have a drop of
Loctite 242 applied to the threads before being
installed.
3.0 INSTALLING THE STARTER
A turbine air starter does not require lubrication in the
supply air. Therefore, if a vane type starter motor is
being replaced, TDI recommends that all lubrication
devices and lines be removed to minimize flow
restrictions.
WARNING
If a fuel (pulse) lubricator has previously been
installed in the system, disconnect and plug the line
to eliminate spraying diesel fuel on the engine.
The starter should be installed with the inlet valve in a
position between horizontal and straight down. Any
condensation will be restricted to the air lines and not in
the starter.
WARNING
Do not operate this starter unless it is properly
connected to an engine.

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932 Page 3
Issued May 20, 2016
3.1 SUPPLY LINE INSTALLATION
WARNING
Be sure to either bleed the pressurized air reservoir
and/or safety the system such as closing all valves
prior to installing any starter supply line.
T100-VE starters come standard with a 2" NPT female
pipe thread for the inlet connection port.The supply line
consists of the line from the air source, a pressure
regulator (when necessary), a manual or relay valve,
and the connection to the starter inlet. Hard piping may
be used, but a section of flexible tubing should be
installed at the starter to prevent leaks due to engine
vibration.
Care must be taken to ensure that all inlet supply line
piping is no less than 1.5” and that all components used
are capable of passing the required air flow.
NOTE
Valves with a Cv of 40 or higher is recommended.
If the supply line must be longer than 20 feet, the inlet
supply line piping should be increased to 2" in diameter
to ensure proper performance by your TURBOTWIN.
Because turbine starters such as the T100-VE are
sensitive to flow restrictions, care must be taken to use
uniform hose or tubing and fittings for connection of the
supply line. Tees, elbows and line length must be kept
to a minimum. TDI recommends that hose or flex
couplings be installed to eliminate possible leakage
caused by strain on the supply line.
Normally, an air strainer is not required. In dirty
environments, use of a #40 mesh Y-strainer is
recommended. The T100-VE is highly tolerant of dirt in
the air line, however, starter life can be increased with
the use of an air strainer.
A pressure regulator is required when the air supply
pressure is great enough to exceed the starter operating
pressure (at the inlet port) and/or the maximum torque.
A manual ball valve may be used to admit drive air/gas
to the starter. The manual valve should be located in a
safe position away from the engine.
A preferred valve is pilot-operated, which can be
pneumatically or electrically actuated. The valve should
be located close to or even on the starter inlet for best
performance. Pneumatic or electrical control lines may
be routed virtually anywhere for the customer's preferred
operating station. This type of valve actuates from a fully
closed to a fully open position very rapidly. TDI offers a
variety of relay valves such as P/N RLVA-25683-001-2-
01, which is a 1-1/2" port, pneumatically actuated valve.
The supply line should be dry-fitted for proper
alignment/location prior to final assembly. All pipe-
threaded joints should be sealed with Loctite Pipe
Thread Sealant (TDI P/N 9-94085) or equivalent for leak
tight joints prior to final assembly. Be sure to tighten all
joints to proper torque after final assembly.
CAUTION
In cold weather climates, care should be taken while
designing your installation to prevent condensation
from developing in the starter system. In systems
with a regulator valve or relay valve, there is the
possibility of freeze-ups.
A tee connection with a quick disconnect can be added
to the inlet. This will allow an external air source to be
used to accomplish a “blow start” if the system freezes.
Once the engine has been started, the other system
components may be thawed.
CAUTION
On new installations, it is strongly recommended to
blow out the supply line with air to remove possible
dirt and welding slag prior to final connection to the
TURBOTWIN starter. Be sure to secure the free end
of the supply line prior to blowing out the line.
3.2 INLET PRESSURE PORT
A 1/4" NPT port is located on the air inlet. This port may
be used to check the supply pressure at the starter when
the starter is operating. Remove the 1/4" NPT pipe plug
and save for later use. Install 1/4" minimum size tubing
to the port. Route the tubing away from the starter to a
safe location away from the engine. Install a pressure
gauge on the tubing. This pressure monitoring
line/gauge may be permanently installed. Use Loctite
Pipe Thread Sealant or equivalent. Alternately, a
pressure transducer may be installed at the pressure
check port and electrical lines routed to a digital display
at the operator's station.
This pressure port is invaluable in diagnosing air starter
and/or installation problems.

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Page 4 Publication T1-932
Issued May 20, 2016
3.3 EXHAUST PIPING
The turbine exhaust may be plumbed away from the
starter area. All starters using natural gas must be piped
according to industry codes and local regulations.
The performance of a turbine starter will be decreased
because of back pressure when smaller than
recommended exhaust piping is installed. If back
pressure hampers starter performance, compensation
can be made by increasing the supply pressure. Consult
your TDI distributor for advice.
Exhaust piping should be routed downward to help
prevent any accumulation of condensation in the starter
motor.
If the overhung section of the starter is not otherwise
supported, TDI recommends that the exhaust piping be
supported with a suitable bracket(s).
3.4 SOFT START VALVE & FILTER FITTING
The soft starter fitting P/N: 2-28243 and filter P/N: 2-
28270 originally provided with the model T100-VE air
starters are no longer required. The two fittings will not
be supplied in the red envelope attached to the starter
flange or installed on starters with the relay valve
integrated into the package.
The air starter packages using hard piping now utilize a
flow-thru adapter fitting P/N: 3-30560 installed directly in
the relay valve “APP” port and in the starter “IN” port to
replace the soft start and filter fittings. The flow-thru
adapter fitting is configured with a large internal cavity;
therefore, no cleaning or maintenance of this part is
required.
Note that installations using flexible tubing can pipe
directly to the relay valve “APP” port and starter “IN” port
without the use of the flow-thru adapter fitting.
See service bulletin # 108 for additional information
regarding obsoleting of the soft start P/N: 2-28243 and
filter fitting P/N: 2-28270.
CAUTION
For maximum pinion life and full warranty coverage,
the soft start valve (P/N: 2-28243) MUST be
installed in the applied pressure port (APP) of the
relay valve.
3.5 NATURAL GAS INSTALLATION
The installation of the starter using natural gas is similar
to the air installation except all fittings, piping, valves and
regulators must be compatible with natural gas.
Proper control of natural gas is a major consideration
when used in the starter system. All starters using
natural gas must pipe the exhaust according to industry
codes and local regulations.
There is a natural gas vent port in the turbine housing
that is plugged for compressed air use. This vent is used
to remove any natural gas that could leak past the
primary turbine shaft seal. Remove this 3/8"NPT plug
and install a line to carry gas away from the starter area.
WARNING
Do not connect the turbine housing vent line to the
turbine exhaust line. Exhaust gas can pressurize the
turbine housing.
3.6 PIPING SYSTEM
Only type approved metallic hose assemblies are
approved in permanently pressurized compressed air
lines of starters. Non-metallic hose assemblies are
allowed only in case the piping system will be emptied
after the starting procedure.
Pipe unions must be type approved by GL. Downstream
of the pressure regulator a pressure relief valve should
be provided.
3.7 ATEX APPLICATIONS
This ATEX designation applies to the use of the starter
on reciprocating internal combustion engines only. For
use in other applications please consult Tech
Development.
NOTE
T100-VE starters conforming to ATEX requirements will
be equipped with a copper beryllium (non-sparking)
pinion.
WARNING
Non-compliance with any of these special conditions
could result in ignition of potentially explosive
atmospheres.

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932 Page 5
Issued May 20, 2016
Sparks will result from the engagement / disengagement
of the pinion with the flywheel gear. Users of this product
are hereby warned of this possibility, and advised to take
appropriate precaution.
The end user is responsible for taking appropriate action
to prevent ignition source from becoming effective.
Rubbing and friction can cause sparks or elevated
temperatures that may be a source of ignition of an
explosive atmosphere.
Starter Installation and Application
The air starter shall not be operated when an explosive
atmosphere is present.
Never use the starter on any application where there is a
possibility that a may be present. These gases cause a
high probability of explosion.
A work permit should be used that ensures that
explosive atmospheres are not present in the zone of
operation during starter operation.
Do not install, maintain, or remove starter from engine in
the presence of a potentially explosive atmosphere.
Due to the possibility of accumulation of static discharge,
care must be taken to ensure the motor is properly
grounded at all times to prevent ignition hazards from
electrostatic discharge.
Air pressure above the maximum rated pressure on
starter nameplate, located on the starter housing may
result in a source of ignition caused by premature failure
of bearings or other components due to excessive
speed, output torque, or force.
Starter Maintenance
Removal from the engine is mandatory prior to any
maintenance being performed on the starter.
Do not perform maintenance or repairs when hazardous
atmospheres are present.
Take proper precaution and use protective equipment
when servicing/cleaning the engine flywheel housing.
WARNING
These special conditions must be followed for the
starter to conform to the ATEX Directive and for the
ATEX Declaration of Incorporation to be valid.
3.8 BEST INSTALLATION PRACTICES
Wear protective gloves and steel toe shoes when
installing air starter.
Follow engine manufacturer’s torque requirements
for all starter attachment screws.
For new installations or where new piping or
receiver tanks are installed, always purge the
starter supply line of debris before installing or
operating the air starter.
Install and maintain a 40-mesh (400 micron) Y-
strainer in the starter supply line to reduce the
level of contamination entering air starter.
To insure maximum performance and starter life,
use the recommended starter inlet and exhaust
piping sizes.
Limit the number of elbows installed in starting
system supply/exhaust lines and minimize to the
extent possible, the length of these lines to
prevent excessive flow losses and/or back
pressure.
Use a quick-opening starter relay valve to operate
air starter, and install within 10 feet of the air
starter inlet.
To properly control the starter, use a control valve
configured with 3 ports (IN, OUT, VENT). Use a
3-way valve only. Never use a 2-way or manual
ball valve to operate a pre-engaged starter
model or within the pre-engagement controls
piping.)
When a pressure regulator is required, locate this
at a minimum distance of 10 feet away from the
starter relay valve.
Utilize pressure regulator(s) with flow
characteristics that meet or exceed the selected
air starter’s flow requirements (Cu factor).
Regulators located far from the starter may
require sensing downstream pressure closer to
the starter inlet to deliver the desired dynamic
pressure to the starter while operating.
Do not use any mist or injection type
lubricators/devices in supply line to a TDI air
starter.
Where used in sub-freezing ambient
temperatures, install air starter with inlet and
exhaust in 6 o-clock position to allow drainage

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Page 6 Publication T1-932
Issued May 20, 2016
preventing freezing of trapped moisture in the
starter inlet.

4.0 STARTER OPERATION
Prior to operation, check that all connections are tight
and free from leaks. Check the 1/4" NPT pipe plug or a
pressure gauge/transducer that may be connected to the
pressure port on the starter inlet.
WARNING
Do not operate the TDI TURBOTWIN starter with air
pressure greater than the pressure rating on the
nameplate. This pressure is measured at the starter
inlet while the starter is running.
The maximum operating pressure limit is the inlet
pressure measured at the starter’s inlet pressure check
port. To check the pressure, a 1/4"NPT pipe tap
connection is provided in the inlet housing to attach a
pressure gauge. The maximum pressure assumes an
open exhaust (the standard turbine exhaust guard). The
standard exhaust guard causes no back pressure.
The static non-flowing supply pressure will always be
higher than the operating (dynamic) pressure. The
maximum pressure limit (proof pressure) that the T100-
VE starter housings may be subjected to is 600 PSIG
(42 BAR). System pressure that exceeds the maximum
operating limit must use a pressure reducing device to
ensure that the operating pressure limit to the T100-VE
starter is maintained.
System static pressure that exceeds the 600 PSIG (42
BAR) limit must, in addition to pressure reducer devices,
incorporate a pressure relief valve set below 600 PSIG
(42 BAR) in the supply air line.
NOTE
For maximum life of the starter pinion and for the
protection of the engine ring gear, limit the operating
pressure to that necessary to start the engine at its most
difficult starting conditions.
All appropriate local pressure codes and pressure
limitations on other system components must be
adhered to and supersede the guidelines given in this
manual.
Consult your TDI distributor if you have exhaust
plumbing that creates back pressure and reduces starter
performance. You may be able to increase the supply
pressure to restore the lost power.
Follow the engine manufacturer’s instructions for starting
the engine.
CAUTION
The grease used in the planetary system has a shelf
life of 2 years. Therefore, if the starter is NOT
installed and operated on the engine for 2 years
after the starter is manufactured, the grease should
be replaced prior to starter operation. The
manufactured date is reflected in the starter serial
number. (Ex: 0602-0567 has a manufactured date
of February 2006.
4.1 BASIC OPERATION
The basic operation of the starter follows:
Pressurized air or natural gas is admitted to the starter’s
engagement piston chamber via the “in” control port by
opening the manual or solenoid valve. The air then
translates the starter’s piston forward allowing the pinion
to engage the engine’s ring gear.
NOTE
40 psi minimum pressure applied to the pre-engaged
piston is required to engage the pinion into the ring.
The forward movement of the piston causes the starter’s
“out” control port to open. Air is then transmitted to the
automatic pilot port (APP) on the relay valve causing the
relay valve to open.
Pressurized air or natural gas is admitted to the starter’s
turbine assembly by the opening of the relay valve. The
air expands through the turbine which produces shaft
rotation and torque. The starter motor torque causes the
engine to accelerate. The fuel and ignition systems now
fire the engine. Closing the relay valve stops the starter.
The operator may decrease starter life by the continual
operation of the starter after the engine has started. After
a successful engine start, turn the air off to the starter
immediately. Minimizing the time the starter is operating
unloaded will maximize starter life. If a start is aborted, a
restart may be attempted after the engine and the starter
has come to rest. CAUTION
Do not engage the starter while the engine is
running.

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932 Page 7
Issued May 20, 2016
The drive air pressure is the primary starter control
parameter. It is important, especially on new
installations, to measure this pressure during several
engine starts. The secondary parameter is the starter
pinion speed. This speed is usually measured by
knowledge of the engine starting speed and the starter
cranking ratio. The cranking ratio is the number of ring
gear teeth divided by the number of pinion teeth. The
starter pinion speed is then found by multiplying the
engine speed by the cranking ratio. The pinion speed is
usually 2000-3500 rpm at typical engine starting speed.
4.2 AUTOMATED START PANEL
The starter drive pressure measured at the starter inlet
will need to be set. As noted above, for maximum life of
the starter pinion and for the protection of the engine ring
gear, limit the operating pressure to that necessary to
start the engine at its most difficult starting conditions.
The speed control parameter will then need to be set.
Engine starting speed along with the cranking ratio
number can be used to determine starter pinion speed.
The pinion speed is usually 2000-3500 rpm for a typical
engine starting speed. Once the start sequence has
begun, the air is admitted to the starter. The starter
begins to accelerate the engine. Once the firing speed of
the engine is reached, the automated start panel may
deliver fuel to the engine. The engine will begin to
accelerate under its own power. The starter should be
dropped out of the sequence at an rpm higher than the
firing speed, but less than the engine idle speed.
The automated start panel should monitor engine speed
to determine air on and air off. Do not simply use time
as a control parameter. Avoiding excessive operation of
the starter after the engine is firing will maximize the
starter life.
4.3 BEST OPERATING PRACTICES
To extend starter life, apply only the minimum
pressure required, to successfully crank & start
the engine.
Never exceed starter maximum operating
pressure identified on starter nameplate. This
pressure can be best measured dynamically
while starter is running.
For longer starter life, operate (or design controls)
to shut off supply pressure to the air starter
immediately after a successful engine start.
If engine fails to start or stalls, wait at least 15
seconds before attempting to re-start to allow
the starter to coast to a complete stop.
Never re-engage pinion into ring gear when
starter is coasting down as this may damage the
starter pinion gear and engine ring gear.
Never engage starter while engine is operating as
this may damage the starter, the pinion gear,
and engine ring gear.
5.0 WARRANTY
Tech Development (TDI) warrants to the original user of the TDI TURBOTWIN™air starters to be free from defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of installation. The warranty period shall not extend
beyond two years from the date the unit was manufactured. (i.e.: a unit with a manufactured date of July 1999 (SN: 9907-
101) will not be covered under warranty after July 2001). The conditions of this warranty are: a) TDI is notified within this
period by return of such product to TDI or its authorized distributor/dealer, transportation prepaid by user; b) the starter
has been installed according to TDI's specifications; c) the starter has not been misused, abused, or improperly
maintained by user; d) the defect is not the result of normal wear and tear; e) the starter has been repaired with parts
manufactured or authorized by TDI; and f) TDI installation and repair procedures as outlined in the appropriate manual
were properly followed.
Tech Development will repair, or at its option, replace the unit during the warranty period at no charge to the customer,
provided it is returned to TDI with the proper return procedure.
Tech Development makes no other warranty, and implied warranties including any warranty or merchantability or fitness
for a particular purpose are hereby disclaimed.
This warranty constitutes the entire obligation of Tech Development relating to the sale and use of such product, and
TDI's maximum liability is limited to the purchase price of such product at the date of purchase. In no event shall TDI be
liable for incidental, indirect, consequential, or special damages of any nature arising from the sale or use of such engine
starter product.

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Page 8 Publication T1-932
Issued May 20, 2016
6.0 OPERATOR’S TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE SOLUTION
1. Air always flow through
exhaust A. Relay valve improperly installed. A. Check typical installation diagram and correct.
B. Relay valve not sealing
properly. B. Check for damaged sealing ring, replace relay valve or
damaged parts.
C. Solenoid is not sealing,
pressure remains in APP port of
relay valve.
C. Check solenoid potential at the
lead to ground should be 0. If not,
fix ignition switch problem.
2. Starter engages but does not
run, A. Bad relay valve A. Replace relay valve.
3. Starter does not run, small air
flow from turbine exhaust or
drive housing.
A. Nozzle blockage. A. Remove blockage or obstruction
from nozzles.
4. Starter does not run. Normal
air flow from exhaust. A. Excessive bends in the supply line. A. Shorten length or straighten supply air line.
5. Pinion does not engage A. Air pressure is too low A. Increase air pressure to 40 -
150 psig.
B. Control lines to starter ports
reversed. B. Check installation diagram and correct.
C. Solenoid valve not operating
or plugged. C. Check wiring and solenoid operation. Correct wiring, remove
blockage, or replace solenoid
valve as needed.
D. Damaged pinion teeth. D. Replace pinion or starter drive
as necessary.
6. Starter runs but engine cranks
slowly or not at all. A. Air pressure too low A. Increase air pressure to 40 – 150 psig.
B. Excessive back pressure. B. Check Exhaust Closure Plate.
C. Nozzle blocked or damaged. C. Remove blockage or replace
damaged parts.
7. Starter continues to operate
after start button is released. A. Solenoid valve is not sealing correctly. A. See 1C above
B. Relay valve is not sealing
correctly. B. See 1B above
8. Air tank pressure decays after
extended shut down. A. Air connections are not tight. A. Tighten loose fittings. Repair or replace damaged fittings.
B. Damaged air lines: crushed,
frayed, and kinked. B. Replace damaged lines.
C. Relay valve is not sealing
correctly. C. See 1B above
D. Solenoid valve is stuck open. D. A. See 1C above

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932 Page 9
Issued May 20, 2016
Figure 2. T100-VE TURBOTWIN Air Starter with Exhaust Closure Plate

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Page 10 Publication T1-932
Issued May 20, 2016
Figure 3. T100-VE TURBOTWIN Air Starter with Exhaust Deflector

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932 Page 11
Issued May 20, 2016
Figure 4. T100-VE TURBOTWIN Air Starter Installation Drawing

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Page 12 Publication T1-932
Issued May 20, 2016
Figure 5. T100-VE TURBOTWIN Air Starter Installation Drawing (Multiple Starters)

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Publication T1-932 Page 13
Issued May 20, 2016
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pinion Speed (rpm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 psig
60 psig
40 psig
Nm lb.ft Hp Kw
0
68
136
204
272
340
408
476
544
0
7.5
22.4
29.8
37.2
14.9
44.8
59.6
52.2
Model: T121-V Performance Curve
21 Nozzles, Compressed Air, 9.25:1 Ratio
Inlet Pressure SCFM Nm3/h
90 psig 1606 2730
60 psig 1158 1969
40 psig 848 1442
TORQUE POWER
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pinion Speed (rpm)
150 psig
90 psig
60 psig
120 psig
0
7.5
14.9
22.4
29.8
37.2
44.8
52.2
0
68
136
204
272
340
408
476 Hp Kw
Nm lb.ft.Model:T112-V Performance Curve
12 Nozzles, Compressed Air, 9.25:1 Ratio
Inlet Pressure SCFM
Nm3/h
150 psig 1472
2502
120 psig 1199
2038
TORQUE POWER
ModelT112‐VEPerformanceCurve
ModelT121‐VEPerformanceCurve

TDI TURBOTWIN
FROM TECH DEVELOPMENT
Page 14 Publication T1-932
Issued May 20, 2016
ModelT112‐VEPerformanceCurve
ModelT121‐VEPerformanceCurve