Topcon HiPer Plus User manual

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Please go to www.topcongps.com for detailed market information.
POSITIONING SYSTEMS
HiPer®+
Operator’s Manual
Part Number 7010-0526
Rev D
©Copyright Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc.
February, 2006
All contents in this manual are copyrighted by Topcon. All rights reserved.
The information contained herein may not be used, accessed, copied, stored,
displayed, sold, modified, published, or distributed, or otherwise reproduced
without express written consent from Topcon.

ECO#2686

P/N 7010-0526
TOC
i
Table of Contents
Preface .................................................................... v
Terms and Conditions .......................................................... v
Manual Conventions ............................................................ viii
Chapter 1
Introduction ............................................................ 1-1
Principles of Operation ........................................................ 1-2
GNSS Overview ............................................................ 1-2
Calculating Absolute Positions ............................... 1-3
Calculating Differential Positions .......................... 1-4
Essential Components for Quality Surveying ........ 1-5
Conclusion .............................................................. 1-5
Receiver Overview ........................................................ 1-6
Getting Acquainted .............................................................. 1-7
MINTER ................................................................. 1-8
Data and Power Ports ............................................. 1-12
External Radio Antenna Connector ........................ 1-13
Cables ............................................................................ 1-14
Other Accessories .......................................................... 1-15
Option Authorization File (OAF) ........................................ 1-16
Chapter 2
Pre-survey Preparation .......................................... 2-1
Installing Software ............................................................... 2-2
Installing PC-CDU ........................................................ 2-2
Installing PDLCONF .................................................... 2-4
Installing BTCONF ....................................................... 2-4
Installing FLoader ......................................................... 2-6
Charging the Internal Batteries ............................................ 2-7
Power Management ............................................................. 2-9
Powering the Receiver with an External Battery ................. 2-12
Turning On/off the Receiver ................................................ 2-14

Table of Contents
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
ii
Connecting the Receiver and a Computer ........................... 2-14
Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection .................... 2-15
Establishing a USB Connection .................................... 2-15
Establishing a Wireless Connection ............................. 2-15
Bluetooth Module Configuration ........................................ 2-17
Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides ............................... 2-21
Chapter 3
HiPer+ Configuration .............................................. 3-1
Configuring the Radio Modem ........................................... 3-3
Configuring a UHF Radio Modem ............................... 3-4
Configuring a GSM Radio Modem .............................. 3-11
Configuring the Receiver .................................................... 3-14
MINTER Configuration ...................................................... 3-26
Chapter 4
Receiver Setup and Survey ................................... 4-1
Receiver Setup ..................................................................... 4-1
Step 1: Set up the Receivers ......................................... 4-1
Step 2: Measure Antenna Height .................................. 4-4
Step 3: Collect Data ...................................................... 4-6
MINTER Operation ............................................................. 4-7
Static Surveying for Base Stations ...................................... 4-10
Kinematic (Stop & Go) Surveying for Rover Stations ....... 4-11
Chapter 5
Receiver and File Maintenance ............................. 5-1
Downloading Files to a Computer ...................................... 5-1
Deleting Files from the Receiver ........................................ 5-4
Managing Receiver Memory ............................................... 5-5
Managing Receiver Options ................................................ 5-6
Checking the Receiver’s OAF ...................................... 5-6
Loading an OAF ........................................................... 5-8
Clearing the NVRAM ......................................................... 5-9
Using the MINTER to Clear the NVRAM ................... 5-9
Using PC-CDU to Clear the NVRAM .......................... 5-10

Table of Contents
P/N 7010-0526 iii
Changing Receiver Modes ................................................... 5-10
Entering Sleep Mode ..................................................... 5-10
Entering Zero Power Mode ........................................... 5-11
Entering Extended Information Mode .......................... 5-12
Loading New Firmware ....................................................... 5-13
Loading Receiver and Power Board Firmware ............. 5-14
Loading Bluetooth Module Firmware ........................... 5-17
Chapter 6
Troubleshooting ..................................................... 6-1
Check This First! ................................................................. 6-1
Troubleshooting Quick List ................................................. 6-2
Powering Problems .............................................................. 6-3
Receiver Problems ............................................................... 6-4
Bluetooth Problems ............................................................. 6-10
RX LED Blink Pattern on Error Conditions ........................ 6-14
Obtaining Technical Support ............................................... 6-15
Phone ............................................................................. 6-15
E-mail ............................................................................ 6-15
Website .......................................................................... 6-16
Appendix A
External Antenna Setup ......................................... A-1
Appendix B
Creating Scripts ...................................................... B-1
Appendix C
Specifications ......................................................... C-1
HiPer+ Specifications .......................................................... C-1
Connector Specifications ..................................................... C-9
Radio (Modem) RF Connector ...................................... C-9
Power Connector ........................................................... C-9
Serial C-RS232 Connector ............................................ C-10
USB Connector ............................................................. C-11
GPS External Antenna RF Connector ........................... C-12

Table of Contents
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
iv
Appendix D
Safety Warnings ...................................................... D-1
General Warnings ................................................................ D-1
Internal Battery Pack Warnings .......................................... D-2
Usage Warnings .................................................................. D-3
Appendix E
Regulatory Information .......................................... E-1
UHF Radio Usage ............................................................... E-1
FCC Compliance ................................................................. E-2
Community of Europe Compliance ..................................... E-3
WEEE Directive .................................................................. E-3
Appendix F
Warranty Terms ...................................................... F-1
Index

P/N 7010-0526
Preface
v
Preface
Thank you for purchasing this Topcon product. The materials
available in this Manual (the “Manual”) have been prepared by
Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. (“TPS”) for owners of Topcon
products. It is designed to assist owners with the use of the product
and its use is subject to these terms and conditions (the “Terms and
Conditions”).
Terms and Conditions
USE This product is designed to be used by a professional. The user
should have a good knowledge of the safe use of the product and
implement the types of safety procedures recommended by the local
government protection agency for both private use and commercial
job sites.
COPYRIGHT All information contained in this Manual is the
intellectual property of, and copyrighted material of TPS. All rights
are reserved. You may not use, access, copy, store, display, create
derivative works of, sell, modify, publish, distribute, or allow any
third party access to, any graphics, content, information or data in this
Manual without TPS’ express written consent and may only use such
information for the care and operation of your receiver. The
information and data in this Manual are a valuable asset of TPS and
are developed by the expenditure of considerable work, time and
money, and are the result of original selection, coordination and
arrangement by TPS.
NOTICE Please read these Terms and Conditions carefully.

Preface
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
vi
TRADEMARKS Legacy-E™, LegAnt™, PG-A1™, Topcon Tools™,
TopSURV™, HiPer®, Topcon® and Topcon Positioning Systems™
are trademarks of TPS. Windows® is a registered trademark of
Microsoft Corporation. Bluetooth® is a registered trademark owned
by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and is used by Topcon Positioning Systems,
Inc. under license. Other product and company names mentioned
herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY EXCEPT FOR ANY
WARRANTIES IN AN APPENDIX OR A WARRANTY CARD
ACCOMPANYING THE PRODUCT, THIS MANUAL AND THE
RECEIVER ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS.” THERE ARE NO OTHER
WARRANTIES. TPS DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY
OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
USE OR PURPOSE. TPS AND ITS DISTRIBUTORS SHALL NOT
BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OR
OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE
FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS MATERIAL
OR THE RECEIVER. SUCH DISCLAIMED DAMAGES
INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF TIME, LOSS
OR DESTRUCTION OF DATA, LOSS OF PROFIT, SAVINGS OR
REVENUE, OR LOSS OF THE PRODUCT’S USE. IN ADDITION
TPS IS NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OR
COSTS INCURRED IN CONNECTION WITH OBTAINING
SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE, CLAIMS BY
OTHERS, INCONVENIENCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS. IN ANY
EVENT, TPS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OR
OTHERWISE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY
IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE RECEIVER.
LICENSE AGREEMENT Use of any computer programs or software
supplied by TPS or downloaded from a TPS website (the “Software”)
in connection with the receiver constitutes acceptance of these Terms
and Conditions in this Manual and an agreement to abide by these
Terms and Conditions. The user is granted a personal, non-exclusive,
non-transferable license to use such Software under the terms stated
herein and in any case only with a single receiver or single computer.
You may not assign or transfer the Software or this license without

Terms and Conditions
P/N 7010-0526 vii
the express written consent of TPS. This license is effective until
terminated. You may terminate the license at any time by destroying
the Software and Manual. TPS may terminate the license if you fail to
comply with any of the Terms or Conditions. You agree to destroy the
Software and manual upon termination of your use of the receiver. All
ownership, copyright and other intellectual property rights in and to
the Software belong to TPS. If these license terms are not acceptable,
return any unused software and manual.
CONFIDENTIALITY This Manual, its contents and the Software
(collectively, the “Confidential Information”) are the confidential and
proprietary information of TPS. You agree to treat TPS’ Confidential
Information with a degree of care no less stringent that the degree of
care you would use in safeguarding your own most valuable trade
secrets. Nothing in this paragraph shall restrict you from disclosing
Confidential Information to your employees as may be necessary or
appropriate to operate or care for the receiver. Such employees must
also keep the Confidentiality Information confidential. In the event you
become legally compelled to disclose any of the Confidential
Information, you shall give TPS immediate notice so that it may seek a
protective order or other appropriate remedy.
WEBSITE; OTHER STATEMENTS No statement contained at the
TPS website (or any other website) or in any other advertisements or
TPS literature or made by an employee or independent contractor of
TPS modifies these Terms and Conditions (including the Software
license, warranty and limitation of liability).
SAFETY Improper use of the receiver can lead to injury to persons or
property and/or malfunction of the product. The receiver should only
be repaired by authorized TPS warranty service centers. Users should
review and heed the safety warnings in an Appendix.
MISCELLANEOUS The above Terms and Conditions may be
amended, modified, superseded, or canceled, at any time by TPS. The
above Terms and Conditions will be governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of California, without reference
to conflict of laws.

Preface
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
viii
Manual Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions:
Example Description
FileExit Click the File menu and click Exit.
Connection Indicates the name of a dialog box or screen.
Frequency Indicates a field on a dialog box or screen, or a tab
within a dialog box or screen.
Enter Press or click the button or key labeled Enter.
NOTE
Further information to note about the configuration,
maintenance, or setup of a system.
TIP
Supplementary information that can help you
configure, maintain, or set up a system.
NOTICE
Supplementary information that can have an affect
on system operation, system performance,
measurements, or personal safety.
CAUTION
Notification that an action has the potential to
adversely affect system operation, system
performance, data integrity, or personal health.
WARNING
Notification that an action will result in system
damage, loss of data, loss of warranty, or personal
injury.

Manual Conventions
P/N 7010-0526 ix
DANGER Under no circumstances should this action be
performed.

Preface
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
Notes:
x

P/N 7010-0526
Chapter 1
1-1
Introduction
The HiPer+ receiver is a dual-frequency, GPS+ receiver built to be the
most advanced and compact receiver for the surveying market. The
receiver is a multi-FN, multi-purpose receiver intended for precision
markets. Precision markets means markets for equipment,
subsystems, components and software for surveying, construction,
commercial mapping, civil engineering, precision agriculture and
land-based construction and agriculture machine control,
photogrammetry mapping, hydrographic and any use reasonably
related to the foregoing.
The HiPer+ can receive and process both L1 and L2 signals,
improving the accuracy of your survey points and positions. The
GPS+ component of HiPer+ receivers means you can access both the
GPS (Global Positioning System) satellites of the United States, and
the GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellites of the
Russian Federation, increasing the number of satellites your receiver
can detect, thus improving the accuracy of your survey points,
increasing productivity, and reducing cost.
Figure 1-1. HiPer+ Receiver

Introduction
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
1-2
The dual-frequency and GPS+ features of the HiPer+ combine to
provide the only real time kinematic (RTK) system accurate for short
and long baselines. Several other features, including multipath
mitigation and co-op tracking, provide under-canopy and low signal
strength reception. The HiPer+ receiver provides the functionality,
accuracy, availability, and integrity needed for fast and easy data
collection.
Principles of Operation
Surveying with the right GPS receiver can provide users accurate and
precise positioning, a requirement for any surveying project.
This section gives an overview of existing and proposed Global
Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and receiver functions to help
you understand and apply basic operating principles, allowing you to
get the most out of your receiver.
GNSS Overview
Currently, the following two global navigation satellite systems
(GNSS) offer line-of-site radio navigation and positioning, velocity,
and time services on a global, all-weather, 24-hour scale to any user
equipped with a GNSS tracking receiver on or near the Earth’s
surface:
• GPS – the Global Positioning System maintained and operated by
the United States Department of Defense. For information on the
status of this system, visit the US Naval Observatory website
(http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/) or the US Coast Guard website
(http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/).
• GLONASS – the Global Navigation Satellite System maintained
and operated by the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense. For
information on the status of this system, visit the Coordinational
Scientific Information Center (CSIC) website
(http://www.glonass-center.ru/frame_e.html).

Principles of Operation
P/N 7010-0526 1-3
Despite numerous technical differences in the implementation of
these systems, satellite positioning systems have three essential
components:
• Space – GPS and GLONASS satellites orbit approximately
12,000 nautical miles above Earth and are equipped with a clock
and radio. These satellites broadcast digital information
(ephemerides, almanacs, time&frequency corrections, etc.).
• Control – Ground stations located around the Earth that monitor
the satellites and upload data, including clock corrections and
new ephemerides (satellite positions as a FN of time), to ensure
the satellites transmit data properly.
• User – The community and military that use GNSS receivers and
the corresponding satellites to calculate positions.
Calculating Absolute Positions
When calculating an absolute position, a stationary or moving
receiver determines its three-dimensional position with respect to the
origin of an Earth-Center Earth-Fixed coordinate system. To calculate
this position, the receiver measures the distance (called pseudo-
ranges) between it and at least four satellites. The measured pseudo-
ranges are corrected for clock differences (receiver and satellites) and
signal propagation delays due to atmospheric effects. The positions of
the satellites are computed from the ephemeris data transmitted to the
receiver in navigation messages. When using a single satellite system,
the minimum number of satellites needed to compute a position is
four. In a mixed satellite scenario (GPS, GLONASS), the receiver
must lock onto at least five satellites to obtain an absolute position.
To provide fault tolerance using only GPS or only GLONASS, the
receiver must lock onto a fifth satellite. Six satellites will provide
fault tolerance in mixed scenarios.

Introduction
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
1-4
Calculating Differential Positions
DGPS, or Differential GPS, typically uses the measurements from
two or more remote receivers to calculate difference (corrections)
between measurements, thus providing more accurate position
solutions.
With DGPS, one receiver is placed at a known, surveyed location and
is referred to as the reference receiver or base station. Another
receiver is placed at an unknown, location and is referred to as the
remote receiver or rover. The reference station collects the range
measurements from each GPS satellite in view and forms the
differences (corrections) between the calculated distance to the
satellites and the measured pseudo-ranges to the satellites.
These corrections are then built up to the industry standard (RTCM or
various proprietary standards) established for transmitting differential
corrections and broadcast to the remote receiver(s) using a data
communication link. The remote receiver applies the transmitted
DGPS corrections to its range measurements of the same satellites.
Using this technique, the spatially correlated errors—such as satellite
orbital errors, ionospheric errors, and tropospheric errors—can be
significantly reduced, thus improving the position solution accuracy
of the GPS.
A number of differential positioning implementations exist, including
post-processing surveying, real-time kinematic surveying, maritime
radio beacons, geostationary satellites (as with the OmniSTAR
service), and the wide area augmentation system (WAAS) service.
The real-time kinematic (RTK) method is the most precise method of
real-time surveying. RTK requires at least two receivers collecting
navigation data and communication data link between the receivers.
One of the receivers is usually at a known location (Base) and the
other is at an unknown location (Rover). The Base receiver collects
carrier phase measurements, generates RTK corrections, and sends
this data to the Rover receiver. The Rover processes this transmitted
data with its own carrier phase observations to compute its relative
position with high accuracy, achieving an RTK accuracy of up to 1 cm
horizontal and 1.5 cm vertical.

Principles of Operation
P/N 7010-0526 1-5
Essential Components for Quality Surveying
Achieving quality position results requires the following elements:
• Accuracy – The accuracy of a position primarily depends upon
the satellite geometry (Geometric Dilution of Precision, or
GDOP) and the measurement (ranging) errors.
– Differential positioning (DGPS and RTK) strongly mitigates
atmospheric and orbital errors, and counteracts Selective
Availability (SA) signals the US Department of Defense
transmits with GPS signals.
– The more satellites in view, the stronger the signal, the lower
the DOP number, the higher positioning accuracy.
• Availability – The availability of satellites affects the calculation
of valid positions. The more visible satellites available, the more
valid and accurate the position. Natural and man-made objects
can block, interrupt, and distort signals, lowering the number of
available satellites and adversely affecting signal reception.
• Integrity – Fault tolerance allows a position to have greater
integrity, increasing accuracy. Several factors combine to provide
fault tolerance, including:
– Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) detects
faulty GPS and GLONASS satellites and removes them from
the position calculation.
– Five or more visible satellites for only GPS or only
GLONASS; six or more satellites for mixed scenarios.
– Wide Area Augmentation Systems (WAAS, EGNOS, etc.)
creates and transmit, along with DGPS corrections, data
integrity information (for example, satellite health warnings).
– Current ephemerides and almanacs.
Conclusion
This overview simply outlines the basics of satellite positioning. For
more detailed information, visit the TPS website
(www.topconpositioning.com).

Introduction
HiPer+ Operator’s Manual
1-6
Receiver Overview
When power is turned on and the receiver self-test completes, the
receiver’s 20 channels initialize and begin tracking visible GPS and
GLONASS satellites. Each of the receiver’s channels can be used to
track C/A-L1, P-L1, or P-L2 signals. The number of channels
available allows the receiver to track simultaneously all visible GPS
and GLONASS satellites at any time and location. The combination
GPS and GLONASS (GPS+) antenna receives the different signals
for processing.
An internal GPS+ antenna equipped with an optional low noise
amplifier (LNA) and the receiver’s radio frequency (RF) device are
connected with a coaxial cable. The wide-band signal received is
down-converted, filtered, digitized, and assigned to different
channels. The receiver processor controls the process of signal
tracking.
Once the signal is locked in the channel, it is demodulated and
necessary signal parameters (carrier and code phases) are measured.
Also, broadcast navigation data are retrieved from the navigation
frame.
After the receiver locks on to four or more satellites, it is possible to
solve the so-called “absolute positioning problem” and compute the
receiver’s coordinates (in WGS-84) and the time offset between the
receiver clock and GPS time. All this information can be stored in the
the memory and downloaded later onto a computer, then processed
using a post-processing software package. When the receiver is run in
RTK mode, raw data measurements can also be recorded into the
receiver’s internal memory. This allows the operator to double check
real-time results obtained in the field.
Depending on purchased options, capabilities of the receiver include
the following:
• Co-Op Tracking
• Multipath reduction
• Wide area augmentation system (WAAS)
• Adjustable phase locked loop (PLL) and delay lock loop (DLL)
parameters