uAvionix echoESX Manual

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User and Installation Guide

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© 2019 uAvionix Corporation. All rights reserved.
uAvionix Corporation
300 Pine Needle Lane
Bigfork MT 59911
http://www.uavionix.com
[e-mail]
Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this guide may be
reproduced, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored in any
storage medium, for any purpose without the express written permission of
uAvionix. uAvionix grants permissions to download a single copy of this
guide onto an electronic storage medium to be viewed for personal use,
provided that the complete text of this copyright notice is retained.
Unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto
is strictly prohibited.
uAvionix®is a registered trademark of uAvionix Corporation, and may not
be used without express permission of uAvionix.

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1 Revision History
Revision
Date
Comments
A
1/22/2019
Initial release

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!
2 Warnings / Disclaimers
All device operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
uAvionix is not liable for damages arising from the use or misuse of this
product.
This equipment has received a FAA transmit license for manned
aircraft and a license for un-manned aircraft operating above
500ft AGL
This equipment is classified by the United States Department of
Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) as Export Control
Classification Number (ECCN) 7A994.
These items are controlled by the U.S. Government and authorized for
export only to the country of ultimate destination for use by the ultimate
consignee or end-user(s) herein identified. They may not be resold,
transferred, or otherwise disposed of, to any other country or to any person
other than the authorized ultimate consignee or end-user(s), either in their
original form or after being incorporated into other items, without first
obtaining approval from the U.S. government or as otherwise authorized by
U.S. law and regulations.

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3 Limited Warranty
uAvionix products are warranted to be free from defects in material and
workmanship for one year from the installation in the aircraft. For the
duration of the warranty period, uAvionix, at its sole option, will repair or
replace any product which fails under normal use. Such repairs or
replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor,
provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
This warranty does not apply to cosmetic damage, consumable parts,
damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse, water, fire or flood, damage
caused by unauthorized servicing, or product that has been modified or
altered.
IN NO EVENT, SHALL UAVIONIX BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER
RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. SOME STATES DO
NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
Warranty Service
Warranty repair service shall be provided directly by uAvionix.

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4 Contents
1Revision History...................................................................................3
2Warnings / Disclaimers........................................................................4
3Limited Warranty..................................................................................5
5Introduction..........................................................................................8
5.1 Description....................................................................................8
5.1.1 Transponder............................................................................8
5.1.2 ADS-B Capabilities..................................................................8
5.2 Interfaces......................................................................................8
5.3 Supplied Accessories....................................................................9
6Technical Specifications ....................................................................10
6.1 Markings.....................................................................................11
7Equipment Limitations .......................................................................11
7.1 Installation...................................................................................11
7.1.1 Modifications and Use Outside of Intended Scope ................11
7.1.2 Deviations .............................................................................11
7.1.3 Configurable Options.............................................................11
7.1.4 Approvals..............................................................................11
7.1.5 This device meets the minimum performance and quality
control standards required by a technical standard order (TSO).
Installation of this device requires separate approval.........................12
7.1.6 FAA Transmitter License and FCC Grant of Equipment
Authorization......................................................................................12
8Equipment Installation .......................................................................13
8.1 Unpacking and Inspecting...........................................................13
8.2 Mounting.....................................................................................13
8.3 Connections................................................................................15
8.4 Wiring Diagrams .........................................................................16

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8.5 Cooling Requirements ................................................................17
8.6 Wiring Considerations.................................................................17
8.7 Antenna Installation ....................................................................19
8.7.1 Supplied OEM Monopole Antenna ........................................19
8.7.2 Antenna Cable ......................................................................20
9Installation Setup...............................................................................21
9.1 Aircraft Address Programming....................................................22
9.2 Call Sign .....................................................................................22
9.3 Emitter Category.........................................................................22
9.4 Max Airspeed..............................................................................22
9.5 ADSB-In Capability.....................................................................22
9.6 VS0 (knots)...................................................................................23
9.7 Aircraft Length and Width in Meters............................................23
9.8 GPS Antenna Offset ...................................................................24
10 Post Installation Checks.....................................................................24
11 Continued Airworthiness....................................................................25
12 Environmental Qualification Forms....................................................26

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5 Introduction
5.1 Description
5.1.1 Transponder
The EchoESX is a Mode S, Level 2els transponder with support for ADS-B
extended squitter. The EchoESX has a nominal power output of 250W and
meets the power output requirements for Class 1. The ADS-B function
meets DO-260B class B1S.
This transponder replies to both legacy Mode A/C interrogations and to
Mode S interrogations from both ground radar and airborne collision
avoidance systems. In all cases, the interrogations are received by the
transponder on 1030MHz and replies are transmitted on 1090MHz.
5.1.2 ADS-B Capabilities
The echoESX includes ADS-B Out capabilities when installed with an
approved external GPS position source.
5.2 Interfaces
The EchoESX has a single SMA antenna connection and a 9-pin Data
interface.
Host Interface
Interface
Specification
Devices
COM
Setup
Mode, Altitude, Squawk,
Ident
GPS Position
Dynon, MGL, GRT,
AFS, UNPANEL

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Software and Airborne Electronic Hardware Configuration.
Part
Part Number
Revision
Software
UAV-1001188-001
A
Airborne Electronic Hardware
UAV-1001189-001
A
5.3 Supplied Accessories
Part
Part Number
EchoESX
UAV-1001190-001
9p D-Sub connector
Cinch DEUH-9P
NorComp 977-009-101R031
RF adapter cable SMA-BNC
UAV-1001011-001
Monopole Antenna 1030/1090
UAV-1001009-002
EchoESX User Manual
UAV-1001191-001

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6 Technical Specifications
Specification
Characteristics
Compliance
DO-181E Level 2els Class 1
DO-260B Class B1S
FCC ID
2AFFTP200S
FAA Transmit
License
Manned aircraft. Un-manned operating above 500ft
AGL.
Software
RTCA DO-178B Level C
Hardware
RTCA DO-254 Level C
Power
Requirements
11 –33VDC. Typical 1W On/Alt, 0.3W Standby.
Altitude
35,000ft
Operating
Temperature
-45°C to +70°C
Transmit
Frequency
1090MHz ±1MHz
Transmit Power
250W nominal; 125W minimum at antenna after
allowing for 0.5dB connector losses and 1.5dB cable
losses.
Transmitter
Modulation
6M75 V1D
Transponder
Receiver
Sensitivity
1030 MHz, -74dBm ±3dB
Weight
75grams
Height
20mm
Length
50mm
Width
67mm

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6.1 Markings
uAvionix FCCID: 2AFFTP200S
P/N UAV-1001190-001
Meets the Performance Requirements of:
TSO-C112e Level 2els Class 1 and TSO-C166b Class B1S
7 Equipment Limitations
7.1 Installation
7.1.1 Modifications and Use Outside of Intended Scope
This device has been designed and tested to conform to all applicable
standards in the original form and when configured with the components
shipped with the device. It is not permissible to modify the device, use the
device for any use outside of the intended scope, or use the device with
any antenna other than the one shipped with the device.
7.1.2 Deviations
There are no deviations from the MPS of TSO-C112e or TSO-C166b.
7.1.3 Configurable Options
Accessing or altering configurable options not intended to be operated may
cause pilot distraction.
7.1.4 Approvals
Approvals do not cover adaptations to the aircraft necessary to
accommodate ancillary equipment such as power provisions, mounting

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devices or external antennas; such items must still be approved under
existing minor modification/change processes applicable to the aircraft.
7.1.5 This device meets the minimum performance and quality control
standards required by a technical standard order (TSO).
Installation of this device requires separate approval.
This device meets the performance requirements for use in transponder
rule airspace as defined in 14 CFR § 91.215 and ADS-B rule airspace as
defined in 14 CFR § 91.225.
7.1.6 FAA Transmitter License and FCC Grant of Equipment
Authorization
This equipment has received a FAA transmit license for manned aircraft,
and for un-manned aircraft operating above 500ft AGL.
This equipment has been issued an FCC Grant of Equipment
Authorization.
The equipment contains FCC ID 2AFFTP200S and is marked on the
equipment nameplate.

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8 Equipment Installation
This section describes the installation of EchoESX and related accessories
in the aircraft, including mounting, wiring, and connections.
8.1 Unpacking and Inspecting
Carefully unpack the device and make a visual inspection of the unit for
evidence of any damage incurred during shipment. If the unit is damaged,
notify the shipping company to file a claim for the damage. To justify your
claim, save the original shipping container and all packing materials.
8.2 Mounting
The EchoESX is designed to be mounted in any convenient location in the
cockpit, the cabin, or an avionics bay.
The following installation procedure should be followed, remembering to
allow adequate space for installation of cables and connectors.
•Select a position in the aircraft that is not too close to any high
external heat source. The EchoESX is not a significant heat source
itself and does not need to be kept away from other devices for this
reason.
•Avoid sharp bends and placing the cables too near to the aircraft
control cables.
•Secure the transponder to the aircraft via the two (2) mounting holes.
It should be mounted on a flat surface.

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8.3 Connections
Whenever power is supplied to the transponder, a 50ohm load
must be provided to the SMA connection. You can use the
supplied antenna or a commercially available 50ohm load.
Pin
Type
Physical
Baudrate
Protocol
1
NC
2
COM TX
RS-232 Out
RS-485 A(-)
38400 bps
8 bits, 1 stop ODD
parity
TMAP
3
COM RX
RS-232 Out
RS-485 B(+)
38400 bps
8 bits, 1 stop ODD
parity
TMAP
4
RS232
Ground
5
Aircraft
Ground
6
Ground
7
R485/RS232
Select
Input
Connect to Pin 6 to
select RS232
8
NC
9
Aircraft
Power
11-33V
Mating Connector: Cinch DEUH-9P
Note: Use a 3A circuit breaker between the power source and echoESX.
LEDs
LED
SOLID
FLASHING
GREEN
Powered
Transmitting

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8.4 Wiring Diagrams

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8.5 Cooling Requirements
EchoESX is designed to meet all applicable TSO requirements without
forced-air cooling.
Attention should, however, be given to the incorporation of cooling
provisions to limit the maximum operating temperature if EchoESX is
installed in close proximity to other Avionics. The reliability of equipment
operating in close proximity in an avionics bay can be degraded if adequate
cooling is not provided.
8.6 Wiring Considerations
The EchoESX was designed and tested using unshielded, untwisted wiring.
There may, however, be technical benefits of improved electromagnetic
emissions and susceptibility to and from the transponder system. Use of
twisted wire can reduce interference and break-through on adjacent audio
wiring if it is not possible to route them separately.
The distance between the EchoESX and the power source is limited by the
impedance of the wire between them. The EchoESX is powered directly
from aircraft power, and, therefore, the acceptable voltage drop in the
power line is what limits the distance.
The EchoESX needs an impedance of less than 0.5ohm in the power line
for satisfactory operation. The following table gives guidance for typical
aircraft hook-up wire. Note that different brands may vary –check your
supplier for details.
Gauge
ohm/km
Length for 0.5ohm
20 AWG
35
14.2m
22 AWG
64
7.8m
24 AWG
99
5.0m
An alternative to a harness built from individual wires, particularly for a long
cable run, is to use a multi-core cable. Aviation grade cables with 6 or more
cores are often more expensive than individual wires, and, therefore, are

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not generally a good choice. For aircraft where those situations do not
apply, an attractive alternative solution may be to use 3 or 4 pair data
cable.
Please note that not all data cable is suitable for this application. Cables
with solid cores should not be used. Cables should be selected based on
the wear characteristics of their insulation material, including temperature
rating, resistance to solvents and oils, and flammability. Most inexpensive
commercial data cables have poor flammability properties.

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8.7 Antenna Installation
8.7.1 Supplied OEM Monopole Antenna
The following considerations should be taken into account when siting the
antenna.
•The antenna should be well removed from any projections, the
engine(s) and propeller(s). It should also be well removed from
landing gear doors, access doors or other openings which will break
the ground plane for the antenna.
•The antenna should be mounted on the bottom surface of the aircraft
and in a vertical position when the aircraft is in level flight.
•Avoid mounting the antenna within 1 meter of the ADF sense antenna
or any COMM antenna and 2 meters from the transponder to the
DME antenna.
•Where practical, plan the antenna location to keep the cable lengths
as short as possible and avoid sharp bends in the cable to minimize
the VSWR.
Electrical connection to the antenna should be protected to avoid loss of
efficiency due to exposure to liquids and moisture. All antenna feeders shall
be installed in such a way that a minimum of RF energy is radiated inside
the aircraft.
When a conventional aircraft monopole antenna is used it relies on a
ground plane for correct behavior. For ideal performance, the ground plane
should be large relative to the wavelength of the transmission, which is
275mm. In a metal, skinned aircraft this is usually easily accomplish, but is
more difficult in a composite or fabric skinned aircraft. In these cases, a
metallic ground plane should be fabricated and fitted under the antenna.
The ground plane should be as large as you can sensibly make it. Because
it is a function of the wavelength of the transmission, the smallest practical
ground plane for a transponder is approx. 120mm per side; as the size
increases, the performance improves, until the ground plane is approx.
700mm on each side. Anything much larger than that size is unlikely to
result in significant further improvement.

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The thickness of the material used to construct the ground plane is not
critical, providing it is sufficiently conductive. A variety of proprietary mesh
and grid solutions are available.
8.7.2 Antenna Cable
The EchoESX is designed to meet Class 1 requirements with an allowance
of 2dB for loss in connectors and cable used to connect it to the antenna.
Excessive loss will degrade both transmitter output power and receiver
sensitivity.
Allowing for 0.25dB loss for the connector at each end of the antenna cable
assembly leaves an allowance of 1.5dB maximum loss for the cable itself.
An acceptable cable:
•has less than 1.5dB loss for the run length needed,
•has a characteristic impedance of 50ohms,
•has double braid screens or has foil and braid screen.
Once the cable run length is known, a cable type with low enough loss per
meter that meets the above requirements can be chosen. Longer runs
require lower loss cable.
When routing the cable:
•Route the cable away from sources of heat
•Route the cable wiring away from potential interference sources such
as ignition wiring, 400Hz generators, fluorescent lighting and electric
motors
•Allow a minimum separation of 300mm from an ADF antenna cable
•Keep the cable run as short as possible
•Avoid routing the cable around tight bends
•Avoid kinking the cable, even temporarily, during installation
•Secure the cable so that it cannot interfere with other systems