Vaisala K-PATENTS PR-43 User manual

M212455EN-B
User Guide
Process Refractometer
PR-43 Series

PUBLISHED BY
Vaisala Oyj
Vanha Nurmijärventie 21, FI-01670 Vantaa, Finland
P.O. Box 26, FI-00421 Helsinki, Finland
[phone]
Visit our Internet pages at www.vaisala.com.
© Vaisala 2020
No part of this document may be
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written permission of the copyright holder.
Translated documents and translated
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based on the original English versions. In
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applicable, not the translations.
The contents of this document are subject
to change without prior notice.
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Vaisala makes no representations on this
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obligations and agreements are included
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This product contains software developed
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or provided to you on any other applicable
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product and the product items delivered
to you.

Table of contents
1. About this document.....................................................................................5
1.1 Version information.......................................................................................... 5
1.2 Related manuals................................................................................................5
1.3 Documentation conventions........................................................................... 5
1.4 Trademarks........................................................................................................ 6
2. Product overview............................................................................................ 7
2.1 Safety..................................................................................................................7
3. Refractometer connections........................................................................ 8
3.1 Power supply..................................................................................................... 8
3.2 mA output..........................................................................................................8
3.3 Cable connections.............................................................................................8
3.3.1 Split cable connections.............................................................................9
3.4 Ethernet connection....................................................................................... 10
3.4.1 IP settings for PR-43................................................................................12
3.4.2 IP settings for stand-alone computer.................................................... 12
3.4.3 Configuring refractometer network.......................................................13
3.4.4 Testing Ethernet connection...................................................................14
3.4.5 Troubleshooting connection...................................................................14
4. Web interface.................................................................................................. 16
4.1 Main page......................................................................................................... 16
4.2 Diagnostics....................................................................................................... 17
4.2.1 Diagnostic values..................................................................................... 18
4.3 Parameters....................................................................................................... 18
4.3.1 Measuring field samples..........................................................................19
4.3.2 Optical image.......................................................................................... 20
4.4 Verification....................................................................................................... 21
5. Startup...............................................................................................................23
5.1 Startup............................................................................................................. 23
5.1.1 Initial check.............................................................................................. 23
5.1.2 mA check..................................................................................................23
5.1.3 Calibration check.....................................................................................23
5.2 Viewing refractometer status........................................................................23
6. Configuration and calibration................................................................. 24
6.1 Configuring refractometer............................................................................ 24
6.1.1 Signal damping........................................................................................24
6.1.2 Configuring mA output.......................................................................... 26
6.1.3 Ethernet speed setting........................................................................... 27
6.1.4 Skip count................................................................................................ 28
6.2 Calibrating concentration measurement.....................................................29
6.2.1 Chemical curve........................................................................................30
6.2.2 Field calibration.......................................................................................30
Table of contents
1

7. Troubleshooting............................................................................................ 32
7.1 Diagnostic message priorities.......................................................................32
7.2 Hardware......................................................................................................... 32
7.3 Measurement.................................................................................................. 33
8. Principle of measurement......................................................................... 35
9. Ethernet protocol specification..............................................................37
9.1 Communication protocol...............................................................................37
9.1.1 Request format........................................................................................37
9.1.2 Response format..................................................................................... 37
9.1.3 Request and response errors.................................................................38
9.2 Request-response pair specification............................................................38
9.3 Error message specification......................................................................... 40
10. Instrument verification............................................................................... 42
10.1 Refractometer verification............................................................................ 42
10.1.1 Handling R.I. liquids................................................................................ 43
10.2 Verification procedure................................................................................... 43
10.3 Corrective action............................................................................................ 45
Appendix A: PR-43 refractometer field calibration form.....................46
Appendix B: EU declaration of conformity.............................................. 47
Warranty............................................................................................................49
Technical support............................................................................................49
Recycling...........................................................................................................49
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
2

List of figures
Figure 1 Analogue connection....................................................................................... 8
Figure 2 mA and Ethernet output (with M12 ethernet connector)...................... 9
Figure 3 mA and Ethernet output (with RJ-45 ethernet connector)..................9
Figure 4 RJ45 network connection with Ethernet converter cable
PR-8442............................................................................................................. 10
Figure 5 Three refractometers in the same network............................................... 11
Figure 6 Connecting refractometer(s) via wireless..................................................11
Figure 7 Using fiber link to connect refractometer(s).............................................11
Figure 8 Typical IP configuration for stand-alone laptop
connected to refractometer (laptop WLAN turned o)....................... 13
Figure 9 Example PR-43 network................................................................................ 13
Figure 10 Pinging address 169.254.43.43; ping returned fully and
connection OK.................................................................................................. 15
Figure 11 Main page...........................................................................................................17
Figure 12 Measurement cycles since last login...........................................................17
Figure 13 Diagnostics page..............................................................................................18
Figure 14 Parameters page..............................................................................................19
Figure 15 Measuring field samples............................................................................... 20
Figure 16 Raw optical image of compact refractometer.........................................21
Figure 17 Raw optical image of probe refractometer.............................................. 21
Figure 18 Verification page............................................................................................. 22
Figure 19 Exponential damping.....................................................................................25
Figure 20 Linear damping................................................................................................25
Figure 21 Slew rate damping..........................................................................................26
Figure 22 Default mA output values.............................................................................27
Figure 23 Setting secondary mA default.....................................................................27
Figure 24 Choosing ethernet speed............................................................................. 28
Figure 25 Setting skip count value................................................................................28
Figure 26 Concentration calibration layers.................................................................29
Figure 27 Refractometer principle................................................................................ 35
Figure 28 Optical images.................................................................................................36
Figure 29 From image detection to concentration...................................................36
Figure 30 Universal sample holder PR-1012................................................................44
List of figures
3

List of tables
Table 1 Document versions (English)............................................................................. 5
Table 2 PR-43 manuals........................................................................................................5
Table 3 Hardware messages............................................................................................32
Table 4 Measurement messages.................................................................................... 33
Table 5 Request-response pair specification..............................................................39
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
4

1. About this document
1.1 Version information
This document provides instructions for installing and using the Vaisala K‑PATENTS® Process
Refractometers in the PR‑43 series.
This product manual is delivered to the end user with a Vaisala K‑PATENTS® product.
Information in this manual is subject to change without notice. When the manual is changed, a
revised copy is published at www.kpatents.com.
Table 1 Document versions (English)
Document code Date Description
M212455EN-B April 2020 Manual updated to new format, template, and document code.
Minor changes to content.
IM-EN-
PR43GEN v.
2.00
June 2018 First version.
1.2 Related manuals
Table 2 PR-43 manuals
Document Code Name
IM-EN-CI Compact User Interface CI Instruction Manual
IM-EN-MI Multichannel User Interface MI Instruction Manual
M212438EN Sanitary Process Refractometer PR-43-AC/AP User Guide
IM-EN-
PR43GCGP
Process Refractometer PR-43-GC/GP Instruction Manual
IM-EN-
PR43IAAX
Process Refractometer PR-43-…-IA/AX/CU Instruction Manual
1.3 Documentation conventions
Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and
follow instructions carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or even death.
WARNING!
Chapter 1 – About this document
5

Caution warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read and
follow instructions carefully at this point, the product could be damaged or
important data could be lost.
CAUTION!
Note highlights important information on using the product.
Tip gives information for using the product more eciently.
Lists tools needed to perform the task.
Indicates that you need to take some notes during the task.
1.4 Trademarks
Vaisalaâand K-PATENTS® are registered trademarks of Vaisala Oyj.
Linuxâis a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
Windowsâis either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and other countries.
All other product or company names that may be mentioned in this publication are trade
names, trademarks, or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
6

2. Product overview
The Vaisala K-PATENTS® in-line process refractometer is an instrument for measuring liquid
concentration in the process line. The measurement is based on the refraction of light in the
process medium, an accurate and safe way of measuring liquid concentration. See Principle of
measurement (page 35) for more information on the measurement principle.
PR-43 refractometers come in three standard packages: a stand-alone refractometer with Web
user interface WI, a refractometer with Compact user interface CI and 1-4 refractometers with
Multichannel user interface MI.
The web user interface WI is for direct control system integration in applications where no
industrial computer or monitoring display is required. For more information, see Refractometer
connections (page 8), Startup (page 23) and Web interface (page 16). Compact user
interface provides a local or remote display with the same information as WI (see Compact
User Interface CI Instruction Manual). Multichannel user interface provides high performance
industrial computing e.g. for multiple connectivity and wash control (see Multichannel User
Interface MI Instruction Manual).
2.1 Safety
This product has been tested for safety. Note the following precautions:
Only licensed experts may install electrical components. They
must adhere to local and state legislation and regulations.
WARNING!
The process medium may be hot or otherwise hazardous. Use shields and protective clothing
adequate for the process medium. Do not rely on avoidance of contact with the process
medium.
Wear protective eyewear.
Wear protective gloves.
Precautions when removing a sensor from the process line :
• Check that the process line is depressurized and drained
• Loosen the flowcell screws cautiously; be prepared to tighten again
• Ensure you are clear of any possible spillage and you have a clear emergency escape path
Chapter 2 – Product overview
7

3. Refractometer connections
The refractometer has an Ethernet connection for digital data acquisition and configuration.
The standard connection cable is made with an 8-pin industrial M12 connector in the
refractometer end. For more information on the cables, see the manual for your refractometer
model.
3.1 Power supply
The PR-43 refractometer requires a 24 V DC power supply (allowable tolerance is ±10 %). The
current consumption of the refractometer is less than 80 mA. The power supply should be
shielded from external voltage surges.
3.2 mA output
The PR-43 refractometer can be connected with just an mA output. The analogue connection
transmits measurement signal only.
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
max. 200m (656ft)
PR-8680
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Field plug
PR-8432
Power supply and
mA output cable
F
Figure 1 Analogue connection
3.3 Cable connections
If the refractometer is connected with Split cable PR-8431, both mA and Ethernet outputs are
available.
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
8

10m (33ft)
90m (295ft)
180m (590ft)
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
max. 90m (295ft) max. 90m (295ft)
max. 90m (295ft)
10m (33ft)
PR-8430
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8660
Platform 4 cable extender
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
PR-8431
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (M12-4 pin, D-code,M)
mA, 24V
PR-8431
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (M12-4 pin, D-code,M)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
PR-8431
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (M12-4 pin, D-code,M)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
M
M M
M MM
F
F
F
F
F F
Figure 2 mA and Ethernet output (with M12 ethernet connector)
10m (33ft)
90m (295ft)
180m (590ft)
PR-43
REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A code, M
Unclassified area
max. 90m (295ft) max. 90m (295ft)
max. 90m (295ft)
PR-8430-___
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430-___
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430-___
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8660
Platform 4 cable extender
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
PR-8444-001/010
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (RJ 45)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft) or 10m (33ft)
M
MM
F
F
F
F
PR-8444-001
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (RJ45)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
F
PR-8444-001
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (RJ45)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
F
PR-43
REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A code, M
Unclassified area
PR-43
REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A code, M
Unclassified area
Figure 3 mA and Ethernet output (with RJ-45 ethernet connector)
3.3.1 Split cable connections
In split cables PR-8431 and PR-8444 the power cable and the mA output cable are marked
near the end of the cable.
The power cable includes the following color-coded internal cabling:
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
9

• White: +24 DC
• Brown: GND
The mA output cable includes the following color-coded internal cabling:
• White: mA+
• Brown: mA-
3.4 Ethernet connection
The Ethernet connection enables data download from a refractometer to a computer. Any type
of computer, for example PC, Mac or mainframe, with a compatible network connection can be
configured to view and download data from the refractometer. The refractometer can be
configured and monitored without any special software by using a standard web browser.
Ethernet protocol specification (page 37) provides all the specifications necessary to write a
data acquisition program.
The connection on the Split cable PR-8431 is an industrial M12 connector. If
connection to a device that uses RJ45 is desired, for example, to connect with a
laptop, Split cable PR-8444 is needed. Alternatively, you can use Ethernet
converter cable PR-8442.
Figure 4 RJ45 network connection with Ethernet converter cable PR-8442
Several refractometers can be connected to the same Ethernet network. The refractometer
also has an automatic function (known as Auto MDI/MDIX) to detect the polarityof the
network so that the network may utilize either crossover or straight interconnecting cables.
The following figure shows an example of how to connect three refractometers to an existing
LAN with a switch.
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
10

Hub/Switch
LAN
Ethernet Ethernet
cable
24 V
DC
24 V
DC
24 V
DC mA
out
mA
out
mA
out
Figure 5 Three refractometers in the same network
It is possible to use a WLAN access point to decrease the number of cables.
WLAN
Access
point
Ethernet
24 V
DC mA out
Figure 6 Connecting refractometer(s) via wireless
The maximum distance of a single Ethernet connection is 100 m (including one joint adapter/
coupler), but if longer distances are required, a fiber link may be used to extend the range (see
the following figure). The range may be up to several kilometers with a suitable fiber
connection.
mA
out
24 V
DC
Fiber
Media
converter
Media
converter
Ethernet
Figure 7 Using fiber link to connect refractometer(s)
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
11

3.4.1 IP settings for PR-43
All PR-43 refractometers are shipped with the factory default IP address of 169.254.43.43.
This address belongs to the Zeroconf addresses (as defined in IETF standard RFC 3927) so that
it can easily be reached from a stand-alone computer, usually without changing the network
settings of the computer. This address remains in the refractometer even after a dierent IP
address has been set. The refractometer answers in the address that is first called up after
startup.
If there are more than one refractometer in the same network, this address cannot
be used. See Configuring refractometer network (page 13).
The IP address of the refractometer can be changed through the refractometer homepage, see
Web interface (page 16).
3.4.2 IP settings for stand-alone computer
When a computer with automatic IP settings (DHCP enabled) is turned on in a network with
only the refractometer, the computer should automatically obtain an IP address 169.254.x.x. In
this case the factory default address of the refractometer can be used for connecting without
any further changes in settings. If this does not work, make sure that the WLAN (Wireless
network connection) is not active on the computer that is connected to the refractometer. If
the WLAN is active, the computer’s Ethernet connection may not function as expected. Also,
obtaining the 169.254.x.x. address may take up to a minute.
If the connection to the refractometer still cannot be achieved, the computer’s IP address can
be checked by opening the command window (command prompt) and by typingthe
command ipconfigat the command prompt (press ENTER to give the command), see the
figure below (in Mac OS X and Linux the same command is called ifconfig). The
information given includes the computer’s IP address. If the address does not start with
169.254, the IP address of the computer needs to be configured manually to, for example,
169.254.43.44, netmask 255.255.0.0.
For further troubleshooting, see Troubleshooting connection (page 14).
The connection does not work if the computer and the refractometer have exactly
the same IP address.
When the network settings of the refractometer and / or computer have been configured
according to the instructions above, the next step is to test the connection as instructed in
Testing Ethernet connection (page 14).
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
12

Figure 8 Typical IP configuration for stand-alone laptop connected to refractometer (laptop WLAN
turned o)
3.4.3 Configuring refractometer network
If there are is than one refractometer in a network, their IP addresses have to be configured
manually as the factory default does not work.
If the refractometer is to be connected to a factory network, consult the network administrator
for the correct settings.
If the network is a stand-alone network with only one refractometer and one or more
computers with no connection to any other network, then the IP addresses can be chosen
rather freely. One possibility is to number the refractometers so that they all have 192.168.43.x
addresses so that every computer and refractometer has a dierent number x between 1 254.
The subnet mask (or netmask) is in this case 255.255.255.0.
Hub/Switch
IP = 192.168.43.1
IP = 192.168.43.2
IP = 192.168.43.3 IP = 192.168.43.100
netmask = 255.255.255.0
Figure 9 Example PR-43 network
There are no settings for subnet mask, default gateway or name servers in the
refractometer, as these settings are not required.
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
13

3.4.4 Testing Ethernet connection
When the refractometer is connected to a switch, the corresponding link light illuminates in
the switch.
Once the refractometer is powered up, it should be reachable from any correctly configured
computer. Typing the IP address of the refractometer to the address bar of a web browser
brings up the refractometer homepage, see Web interface (page 16).
The factory-default IP address of the refractometer is 169.254.43.43. This address
always responds, see IP settings for PR-43 (page 12).
3.4.5 Troubleshooting connection
If the refractometer cannot be reached through the network, check the following:
1. The refractometer receives power; the Ethernet switch link light is lit.
2. The network settings of the computer are compatible with those of the refractometer, see
IP settings for stand-alone computer (page 12).
3. If the refractometer should be at IP address 169.254.43.43, but cannot be reached, check
that there is only one refractometer in the same network, as otherwise there is an address
conflict.
4. Check that the software firewall of the computer does not block the connections.
A useful test to determine whether the problem is in network settings is to set up a small
network. Perform the following steps:
1. Set up a network of only one refractometer and one computer.
2. Check that the computer has suitable network settings and that its WLAN connection is
turned o, see IP settings for stand-alone computer (page 12).
3. Use the ping utility of the computer to try and reach the refractometer.
The ping utility is available in Windows systems by using the Command Prompt (usually found
in the Accessories; or open Run, type cmd in the empty line and press ENTER to open
Command Prompt). Go to the command interface, type the name of the command and the IP
address you want to check and press ENTER. If the Ethernet connection is physically working
and the address given to ping is correct, the refractometer answers the ping and return any
data packets sent to it.
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
14

Figure 10 Pinging address 169.254.43.43; ping returned fully and connection OK
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
15

4. Web interface
Every PR-43 refractometer has a built-in web server with a homepage. The refractometer
homepage allows you to configure, monitor, verify and diagnose the refractometer.
Once a refractometer is connected, the homepage is accessed by simply entering the
refractometer’s IP address into the address bar of the computer’s web browser.
Opening the refractometer homepage:
1. Establish a functioning ethernet connection to the refractometer. For further de- tails, see
Ethernet connection (page 10).
2. Open your preferred web browser (for example Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari,
Edge or Chrome).
3. The address (URL) to access the refractometer’s homepage is the refractometer’s IP
address, which for a factory default set PR-43 it is 169.254.43.43. Type the IP address in
the browser address bar, then “enter”, just as you would enter any other web address (for
example http://www.kpatents.com/)
4. Wait until the homepage is loaded, this may take a few seconds.
The page looks approximately as in Main page (page 16); the exact appearance of the
page depends on your browser and screen settings.
5. Using the links in the link bar at the left side of the page you may access more extensive
refractometer information.
JavaScript support must be enabled in the browser in order for the web pages to
function as intended.
4.1 Main page
Once the refractometer homepage has loaded, it displays all the essential information
regarding the refractometer.
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
16

Figure 11 Main page
The main page shows the measurement values, serial number and the tag for the
refractometer. The small numeric display in the bottom right of the page indicates the number
of measurement cycles (one per second) since the last login to the refractometer.
Figure 12 Measurement cycles since last login
4.2 Diagnostics
The Diagnostics page displays the diagnostic values produced by the refractometer. In
addition to the measurement results, the page shows several intermediate results and other
diagnostic values.
The optical images produced by the refractometer can be seen on this page. Both the images
and the diagnostic values are live values, updated with an interval of a few seconds.
Chapter 4 – Web interface
17

Figure 13 Diagnostics page
4.2.1 Diagnostic values
The diagnostic values provide additional information about the measurement.
•CALC is the calculated concentration value without the field calibration adjustment.
•QF or Quality Factor is a value in the range 0 ‑200. The QF value depends on process
medium optical properties. A typical good value is 100, but there are process media
where 50 is acceptable. The QF value should stay constant during the process. Falling QF
value may indicate prism coating.
•CCD gives the position of the shadow edge on CCD in %.
•LED is a measure of the amount of light from the light source in %. The value should be
below 100 %.
•BGlight indicates the amount of outside light reaching the CCD. A value above 120
triggers a warning. A value above 240 triggers OUTSIDE LIGHT ERROR.
•Traw is the uncompensated process temperature.
4.3 Parameters
All the refractometer’s functional parameters can be changed using the Parameters page. The
link to the Parameters page is located in the menu displayed on the right- hand side of the
computer display.
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
18