Vega VEGAPULS 63 User manual

Operating Instructions
Radar sensor for continuous level
measurement of liquids
VEGAPULS 63
HART and accumulator pack
Document ID: 40794

2
Contents
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
Contents
1 About this document
1.1 Function ........................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Target group..................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Symbols used................................................................................................................... 4
2 For your safety
2.1 Authorised personnel ....................................................................................................... 5
2.2 Appropriate use................................................................................................................ 5
2.3 Warning about incorrect use............................................................................................. 5
2.4 General safety instructions............................................................................................... 5
2.5 CE conformity................................................................................................................... 6
2.6 NAMUR recommendations .............................................................................................. 6
2.7 Radio license for Europe .................................................................................................. 6
2.8 Radio license for USA/Canada......................................................................................... 6
2.9 Environmental instructions ............................................................................................... 6
3 Product description
3.1 Conguration.................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Principle of operation........................................................................................................ 9
3.3 Packaging, transport and storage................................................................................... 10
3.4 Accessories and replacement parts ............................................................................... 10
4 Mounting
4.1 General instructions ....................................................................................................... 12
4.2 Mounting instructions ..................................................................................................... 12
4.3 Measurement setup - Pipes ........................................................................................... 17
5 Connecting to power supply
5.1 Connection of the battery charger .................................................................................. 23
5.2 Wiring plan ..................................................................................................................... 23
5.3 Switch-on phase............................................................................................................. 24
6 Set up with the display and adjustment module
6.1 Insert display and adjustment module............................................................................ 26
6.2 Adjustment system......................................................................................................... 27
6.3 Parameter adjustment .................................................................................................... 27
6.4 Saving the parameter adjustment data........................................................................... 41
7 Setup with PACTware
7.1 Connect the PC.............................................................................................................. 42
7.2 Parameter adjustment .................................................................................................... 42
7.3 Saving the parameter adjustment data........................................................................... 43
8 Set up with other systems
8.1 DD adjustment programs ............................................................................................... 44
8.2 Field Communicator 375, 475 ........................................................................................ 44
9 Diagnosis, asset management and service
9.1 Maintenance .................................................................................................................. 45
9.2 Measured value and event memory ............................................................................... 45
9.3 Asset Management function........................................................................................... 46
9.4 Rectify faults................................................................................................................... 49
9.5 Exchanging the electronics module................................................................................ 52

3
Contents
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
9.6 Software update ............................................................................................................. 53
9.7 How to proceed if a repair is needed.............................................................................. 53
10 Dismount
10.1 Dismounting steps.......................................................................................................... 54
10.2 Disposal ......................................................................................................................... 54
11 Supplement
11.1 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 55
11.2 Dimensions .................................................................................................................... 61
Safety instructions for Ex areas
PleasenotetheEx-specicsafetyinformationforinstallationandop-
eration in Ex areas. These safety instructions are part of the operating
instructions manual and come with the Ex-approved instruments.
Editing status: 2014-09-04

4
1 About this document
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
1 About this document
1.1 Function
This operating instructions manual provides all the information you
need for mounting, connection and setup as well as important instruc-
tionsformaintenanceandfaultrectication.Pleasereadthisinforma-
tion before putting the instrument into operation and keep this manual
accessible in the immediate vicinity of the device.
1.2 Target group
This operating instructions manual is directed to trained specialist
personnel. The contents of this manual should be made available to
these personnel and put into practice by them.
1.3 Symbols used
Information, tip, note
This symbol indicates helpful additional information.
Caution: If this warning is ignored, faults or malfunctions can result.
Warning: If this warning is ignored, injury to persons and/or serious
damage to the instrument can result.
Danger: If this warning is ignored, serious injury to persons and/or
destruction of the instrument can result.
Ex applications
This symbol indicates special instructions for Ex applications.
•List
The dot set in front indicates a list with no implied sequence.
→ Action
This arrow indicates a single action.
1 Sequence of actions
Numbers set in front indicate successive steps in a procedure.
Battery disposal
This symbol indicates special information about the disposal of bat-
teries and accumulators.

5
2 For your safety
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
2 For your safety
2.1 Authorised personnel
All operations described in this operating instructions manual must
be carried out only by trained specialist personnel authorised by the
plant operator.
During work on and with the device the required personal protective
equipment must always be worn.
2.2 Appropriate use
The VEGAPULS 63 is a sensor for continuous level measurement.
Due to the integrated accumulator the instrument is particularly
suitable as a portable measuring system or test sensor for special
applications.
Youcannddetailedinformationabouttheareaofapplicationin
chapter "Product description".
Operational reliability is ensured only if the instrument is properly
usedaccordingtothespecicationsintheoperatinginstructions
manual as well as possible supplementary instructions.
2.3 Warning about incorrect use
Inappropriate or incorrect use of the instrument can give rise to
application-specichazards,e.g.vesseloverllordamagetosystem
components through incorrect mounting or adjustment.
2.4 General safety instructions
This is a state-of-the-art instrument complying with all prevailing
regulations and guidelines. The instrument must only be operated in a
technicallyawlessandreliablecondition.Theoperatorisresponsible
for the trouble-free operation of the instrument.
During the entire duration of use, the user is obliged to determine the
compliance of the necessary occupational safety measures with the
current valid rules and regulations and also take note of new regula-
tions.
The safety instructions in this operating instructions manual, the na-
tional installation standards as well as the valid safety regulations and
accident prevention rules must be observed by the user.
For safety and warranty reasons, any invasive work on the device
beyond that described in the operating instructions manual may be
carried out only by personnel authorised by the manufacturer. Arbi-
traryconversionsormodicationsareexplicitlyforbidden.
The safety approval markings and safety tips on the device must also
be observed.
Depending on the instrument version, the emitting frequencies are in
the C or K band range. The low emitting frequencies are far below the
internationally approved limit values. When used correctly, there is no
danger to health.

6
2 For your safety
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
2.5 CE conformity
ThedevicefulllsthelegalrequirementsoftheapplicableECguide-
lines.ByaxingtheCEmarking,weconrmsuccessfultestingofthe
product.
YoucanndtheCECerticateofConformityinthedownloadsection
of our homepage.
2.6 NAMUR recommendations
NAMUR is the automation technology user association in the process
industry in Germany. The published NAMUR recommendations are
acceptedasthestandardineldinstrumentation.
ThedevicefulllstherequirementsofthefollowingNAMURrecom-
mendations:
•NE 21 – Electromagnetic compatibility of equipment
•NE 43 – Signal level for malfunction information from measuring
transducers
•NE53–Compatibilityofelddevicesanddisplay/adjustment
components
•NE107–Self-monitoringanddiagnosisofelddevices
For further information see www.namur.de.
2.7 Radio license for Europe
The instrument is approved according to EN 302372-1/2 (2006-04)
for use in closed vessels.
2.8 Radio license for USA/Canada
The instrument is in conformity with part 15 of the FCC regulations.
Take note of the following two regulations:
•The instrument must not cause any interfering emissions
•The device must be insensitive to interfering immissions, including
those that may cause undesirable operating conditions
Modicationsnotexpresslyapprovedbythemanufacturerwillleadto
expiry of the operating licence according to FCC/IC.
The instrument is in conformity with RSS-210 of the IC regulations.
The instrument may only be used in closed vessels made of metal,
concrete,orbre-reinforcedplastic.
2.9 Environmental instructions
Protection of the environment is one of our most important duties.
That is why we have introduced an environment management system
with the goal of continuously improving company environmental pro-
tection.Theenvironmentmanagementsystemiscertiedaccording
to DIN EN ISO 14001.
Pleasehelpusfulllthisobligationbyobservingtheenvironmental
instructions in this manual:
•Chapter "Packaging, transport and storage"

7
2 For your safety
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
•Chapter "Disposal"

8
3 Product description
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
3 Product description
3.1 Conguration
Thetypelabelcontainsthemostimportantdataforidenticationand
use of the instrument:
2
1
14
15
16
17
13
12
11
5
3
6
4
7
8
9
10
Fig. 1: Layout of the type label (example)
1 Instrument type
2 Product code
3 Approvals
4 Power supply and signal output, electronics
5 Protection rating
6 Measuring range
7 Process and ambient temperature, process pressure
8 Material, wetted parts
9 Hardware and software version
10 Order number
11 Serial number of the instrument
12 Data-Matrix-Code for Smartphone-App
13 Symbol of the device protection class
14 ID numbers, instrument documentation
15 Reminder to observe the instrument documentation
16 NotiedauthorityforCEmarking
17 Approval directive
The type label contains the serial number of the instrument. With it
youcanndthefollowinginstrumentdataonourhomepage:
•Product code (HTML)
•Delivery date (HTML)
•Order-specicinstrumentfeatures(HTML)
•Operating instructions and quick setup guide at the time of ship-
ment (PDF)
•Order-specicsensordataforanelectronicsexchange(XML)
•Testcerticate(PDF)-optional
Go to www.vega.com, "VEGATools" and "Instrument search". Enter
the serial number.
Alternatively, you can access the data via your smartphone:
Type label
Serial number - Instru-
ment search

9
3 Product description
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
•Download the smartphone app "VEGATools" from the "Apple App
Store" or the "GooglePlayStore"
•Scan the Data Matrix code on the type label of the instrument or
•Enter the serial number manually in the app
This operating instructions manual applies to the following instrument
versions:
•Hardware version from 2.1.0
•Software version from 4.5.1
Theinstrumentisavailableintwodierentelectronicsversions.Each
versioncanbeidentiedviatheproductcodeonthetypelabelas
well as on the electronics.
•Standard electronics type PS60HK.-
•Electronics with increased sensitivity type PS60HS.-
The scope of delivery encompasses:
•Sensor with integrated accumulator
•Battery charger
•Documentation
– Quick setup guide VEGAPULS 63
– Testcerticatemeasuringaccuracy(optional)
– Operating instructions manual "Display and adjustment mod-
ule" (optional)
– Ex-specic"Safety instructions" (with Ex versions)
– ifnecessary,furthercerticates
This operating instructions manual applies to the following instrument
versions:
•Hardware from 2.1.0
•Software from 4.5.1
3.2 Principle of operation
The VEGAPULS 63 is a radar sensor for continuous level measure-
ment of aggressive liquids or with hygienic requirements. It is suitable
for applications in storage tanks, process vessels, dosing vessels and
reactors.
The standard electronics enables the use of instruments in products
withanεr-Wert≥1.8.Theelectronicsversionwithincreasedsensitivity
enables the use of the instrument also in applications with very poor
reectivepropertiesorproductswithanεrvalue≥1.5.Thevaluesthat
can be actually reached depend on the measurement conditions, the
antenna system or the standpipe or bypass tube.
The antenna of the radar sensor emits short radar pulses with a
durationofapprox.1ns.Thesepulsesarereectedbytheproduct
and received by the antenna as echoes. The transit time of the radar
pulses from emission to reception is proportional to the distance and
Scope of this operating
instructions manual
Versions
Scope of delivery
Scope of this operating
instructions manual
Application area
Functional principle

10
3 Product description
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
hence to the level. The determined level is converted into an appropri-
ate output signal and outputted as measured value.
The instrument is powered via an integrated accumulator. This allows
operation of the instrument independently of the mains or a control
system. To achieve a longer battery lifetime, the instrument is preset
to HART multidrop. This puts a load of only 4 mA current on the ac-
cumulator.
3.3 Packaging, transport and storage
Your instrument was protected by packaging during transport. Its
capacity to handle normal loads during transport is assured by a test
based on ISO 4180.
The packaging of standard instruments consists of environment-
friendly, recyclable cardboard. For special versions, PE foam or PE
foil is also used. Dispose of the packaging material via specialised
recycling companies.
Transport must be carried out in due consideration of the notes on the
transport packaging. Nonobservance of these instructions can cause
damage to the device.
The delivery must be checked for completeness and possible transit
damage immediately at receipt. Ascertained transit damage or con-
cealed defects must be appropriately dealt with.
Up to the time of installation, the packages must be left closed and
stored according to the orientation and storage markings on the
outside.
Unless otherwise indicated, the packages must be stored only under
the following conditions:
•Not in the open
•Dry and dust free
•Not exposed to corrosive media
•Protected against solar radiation
•Avoiding mechanical shock and vibration
•Storage and transport temperature see chapter "Supplement -
Technicaldata-Ambientconditions"
•Relative humidity 20 … 85 %
3.4 Accessories and replacement parts
The display and adjustment module PLICSCOM is used for measured
value indication, adjustment and diagnosis. It can be inserted into the
sensor or the external display and adjustment unit and removed at
any time.
Youcanndfurtherinformationintheoperatinginstructions"Display
and adjustment module PLICSCOM" (Document-ID 27835).
Voltage supply
Packaging
Transport
Transport inspection
Storage
Storage and transport
temperature
PLICSCOM

11
3 Product description
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
The interface adapter VEGACONNECT enables the connection of
communication-capable instruments to the USB interface of a PC. For
parameter adjustment of these instruments, the adjustment software
PACTware with VEGA-DTM is required.
Youcanndfurtherinformationintheoperatinginstructions"Interface
adapterVEGACONNECT" (Document-ID 32628).
The protective cover protects the sensor housing against soiling and
intense heat from solar radiation.
Youwillndadditionalinformationinthesupplementaryinstructions
manual "Protective cover" (Document-ID 34296).
Electronics module "VEGAPULS series 60" is a replacement part for
radarsensorsofVEGAPULSseries60.Adierentversionisavailable
for each type of signal output.
Youcanndfurtherinformationintheoperatinginstructions"Elec-
tronicsmoduleVEGAPULSseries60" (Document-ID 36801).
The supplementary electronics "Power pack" is a replacement part for
sensors with integrated accumulator.
Youcanndfurtherinformationintheoperatinginstructions"Sup-
plementaryelectronicsfor4…20mA/HARTandpowerpack"
(Document-ID 41033).
VEGACONNECT
Protective cap
Electronics module
Supplementary electron-
ics power pack

12
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
4 Mounting
4.1 General instructions
Oninstrumentswithprocessttingthread,thehexagonmustbetight-
enedwithasuitablewrench.Fortheproperwrenchsizeseechapter
"Dimensions".
Warning:
The housing must not be used to screw the instrument in! Applying
tightening force can damage internal parts of the housing.
Protect your instrument against moisture ingress through the following
measures:
•Use the recommended cable (see chapter "Connecting to power
supply")
•Tighten the cable gland
•Whenmountinghorizontally,turnthehousingsothatthecable
gland points downward
•Loop the connection cable downward in front of the cable gland
This applies particularly to:
•Outdoor mounting
•Installations in areas where high humidity is expected (e.g. through
cleaning processes)
•Installations on cooled or heated vessels
Make sure that all parts of the instrument exposed to the process are
suitable for the existing process conditions.
These are mainly:
•Active measuring component
•Processtting
•Process seal
Process conditions are particularly:
•Process pressure
•Process temperature
•Chemical properties of the medium
•Abrasionandmechanicalinuences
Youcannddetailedinformationontheprocessconditionsinchapter
"Technicaldata" as well as on the type label.
4.2 Mounting instructions
The PTFE washer of the antenna encapsulation serves also as
process seal.
To compensate the normal prestress loss due to the seal materials,
youhavetousealsodiscspringsinadditiontotheangescrewsfor
fasteningPTFEplatedanges.
Werecommendexibleretainingwashers(e.g.SchnorrVSorS)or
detent edged rings (e.g. Gross VS KD).
Screwing in
Protection against mois-
ture
Suitability for the process
conditions
Sealing to the process

13
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
Suitable retaining elements are also available from us.
The retaining elements are attached with the versions for process
temperatures -196 … +200 °C (-321 … +392 °F).
Size Article no. Type
M16, 7/8"32880 Detent edged ring
Gross VS KD
M20, 3/4"32881 Detent edged ring
Gross VS KD
M24, 5/8"32882 Retaining washer
Schnorr VS or S
Tosealeectively,thefollowingrequirementsmustbefullled:
1. Makesurethenumberofangescrewscorrespondstothenum-
berofangeholes
2. Use disc springs to compensate the preload loss of the PTFE
washer
2
1
Fig.2:Useofdiscsprings
1 Single disc spring
2 Laminated disc spring
3. Tighten screws with the necessary torque (see chapter "Technical
data")
Note:
It is recommended, retightening the screws in regular intervals
depending on process pressure and temperature. Recommended
torque (see chapter "Technical data").
The emitted radar impulses of the radar sensor are electromagnetic
waves. The polarisation is the direction of the electrical wave compo-
nent.Byturningtheinstrumentintheconnectionangeormounting
boss,thepolarisationcanbeusedtoreducetheeectsoffalse
echoes.
Thepositionofthepolarisationismarkedontheprocessttingofthe
instrument.
1
Fig. 3: Position of the polarisation
1 Marking hole
Polarisation

14
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
When mounting the VEGAPULS 63, keep a distance of at least
200 mm (7.874 in) to the vessel wall. If the sensor is installed in the
center of dished or round vessel tops, multiple echoes can arise.
These can, however, be suppressed by an appropriate adjustment
(see chapter "Setup").
If you cannot maintain this distance, you should carry out a false
signal storage during setup. This applies particularly if buildup on the
vessel wall is expected. In such cases, we recommend repeating the
false signal storage at a later date with existing buildup.
> 200 mm
(7.87
")
Fig. 4: Mounting of the radar sensor on round vessel tops
In vessels with conical bottom it can be advantageous to mount the
sensor in the center of the vessel, as measurement is then possible
down to the lowest point of the vessel bottom.
Fig. 5: Mounting of the radar sensor on vessels with conical bottom
Donotmounttheinstrumentsinorabovethellingstream.Makesure
thatyoudetecttheproductsurface,nottheinowingproduct.
Installation position
Inowingmedium

15
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
Fig.6:Mountingoftheradarsensorwithinowingmedium
Flush mounting
The best way to mount the sensor, also with respect to cleanability,
isushonablockange(angewithoutsocketpiece)orthrougha
hygienictting.
Mounting on socket
Ifthereectivepropertiesofthemediumaregood,youcanmount
VEGAPULS63onasocketpiece.Youwillndrecommendedvalues
for socket heights in the following illustration. The socket end should
be smooth and burr-free, if possible also rounded. Then carry out a
false echo storage.
d
hmax.
Fig. 7: Deviating socket dimensions
The below charts specify the max. socket length h depending on the
diameter d.
Socket diameter d Socket length h
50 mm ≤100mm
80 mm ≤300mm
100 mm ≤400mm
Socket

16
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
Socket diameter d Socket length h
150 mm ≤500mm
Socket diameter d Socket length h
2" ≤3.9in
3" ≤11.8in
4" ≤15.8in
6" ≤19.7in
In liquids, direct the sensor as perpendicular as possible to the prod-
uct surface to an achieve optimum measurement.
Fig. 8: Alignment in liquids
The mounting location of the radar sensor should be a place where no
otherequipmentorxturescrossthepathofthemicrowavesignals.
Vessel installations, such as e.g. ladders, limit switches, heating spi-
rals, struts, etc., can cause false echoes and impair the useful echo.
Make sure when planning your measuring point that the radar sensor
has a "clear view" to the measured product.
In case of existing vessel installations, a false echo storage should be
carried out during setup.
If large vessel installations such as struts or supports cause false
echoes, these can be attenuated through supplementary measures.
Small,inclinedsheetmetalbaesabovetheinstallationsscatterthe
radarsignalsandpreventdirectinterferingreections.
Fig.9:Coverat,large-areaproleswithdeectors
If there are agitators in the vessel, a false signal storage should be
carried out with the agitators in motion. This ensures that the interfer-
ingreectionsfromtheagitatorsaresavedwiththebladesindierent
positions.
Sensor orientation
Vessel installations
Agitators

17
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
Fig. 10: Agitators
Throughtheactionoflling,stirringandotherprocessesinthevessel,
compact foams that considerably damp the emitted signals may form
on the product surface.
If foams are causing measurement errors, the biggest possible radar
antennas, the electronics with increased sensitivity or low frequency
radar sensors (C band) should be used.
As an alternative, sensors with guided microwave can be used. These
areunaectedbyfoamgenerationandarebestsuitedforsuchap-
plications.
4.3 Measurement setup - Pipes
Byusingasurgepipeinthevessel,theinuenceofvesselinstalla-
tions and turbulence can be excluded. Under these prerequisites, the
measurementofproductswithlowdielectricvalues(εrvalue≤1.6)is
possible.
Note the following illustrations and instructions for measurement in a
surge pipe.
Information:
Measurement in a surge pipe is not recommended for extremely
adhesive products.
Foam generation
Measurement in a surge
pipe

18
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
100%
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
7
15°
45°
0%
Fig.11:CongurationsurgepipeVEGAPULS63
1 Radar sensor
2 Polarisation marking
3 Threadorangeontheinstrument
4 Vent hole
5 Holes
6 WeldingconnectionthroughU-prole
7 Ball valve with complete opening
8 Surge pipe end
9 Reectorsheet
10 Fastening of the surge pipe
Congurationsurgepipe

19
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
ø 60,3 mm
(2.37")
ø 88,9 mm
(3.5")
d x 2
26 mm
(1.02")
15 mm
(0.59") 2 mm
(0.08")
2 mm
(0.08")
5 mm
(0.20")
4 mm
(0.16")
80 mm
(3.15")
80 mm
(3.15")
75°
4 mm
(0.16") 8 mm
(0.32")
75°
4 mm
(0.16") 8 mm
(0.32")
d x 2
ø 88,9 mm
(3.5")
ø 60,3 mm
(2.37")
11
Fig.12:Weldingconnectionwithsurgepipeextensionfordierentexample
diameters
1 Position of the welded joint with longitudinally welded pipes
Instructions of orientation of the polarisation:
•Note marking of the polarisation on the sensor
•Withthreadedversions,themarkingisonthehexagon,withange
versionsbetweentwoangeholes
•The marking must be in one plane with the holes in the surge pipe
Instructions for the measurement:
•The 100 % point must be below the upper vent hole and the
antenna edge
•The 0 % point is the end of the surge pipe
•During parameter adjustment, select "Application standpipe" and
enter the tube diameter to compensate for errors due to running
time shift
•A false signal suppression with the installed sensor is recom-
mended but not mandatory
•The measurement through a ball valve with unrestricted channel
is possible
Surge pipe extension
Instructions and require-
ments, surge pipe

20
4 Mounting
VEGAPULS 63 • HART and accumulator pack
40794-EN-140922
Constructive requirements:
•Material metal, smooth inner surface
•Preferably pultruded or straight beaded stainless steel tube
•Welded joint should be straight and lie in one axis with the holes
•Flanges are welded to the tube according to the orientation of the
polarisation
•Whenusingaballvalves,alignthetransitionsontheinsideandx
accurately
•Gapsizewithjunctions≤0.1mm
•Surge pipes must extend all the way down to the requested min.
level, as measurement is only possible within the tube
•Diameterofholes≤5mm,anynumberOK,ononesideorcom-
pletely through
•The antenna diameter of the sensor should correspond to the
inner diameter of the tube
•Diameter should be constant over the complete length
Instructions for surge pipe extension:
•The ends of the extension tubes must be bevelled and exactly
aligned
•WeldedconnectionviaexternalUprolesaccordingtoillustration
above.LengthoftheUprolesshouldbeatleastdoublethetube
diameter
•Do not weld through the pipe wall. The surge pipe must remain
smooth inside. Roughness and beads on the inside caused by
unintentional penetration should be removed since they cause
strong false echoes and encourage buildup
•Anextensionviaweldingneckangesorpipecollarsisnotrecom-
mended.
An alternative to measurement in a surge pipe is measurement in a
bypass tube outside of the vessel.
Measurement in the
bypass tube