Woodward L-Series User manual

Installation and Operation Manual
L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Manual 26250 (Revision H)

WARNING—DANGER OF DEATH OR PERSONAL INJURY
WARNING—FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONS
Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performed
before installing, operating, or servicing this equipment. Practice all plant and safety
instructions and precautions. Failure to follow instructions can cause personal injury and/or
property damage.
WARNING—OUT-OF-DATE PUBLICATION
This publication may have been revised or updated since this copy was produced. To verify
that you have the latest revision, be sure to check the Woodward website:
www.woodward.com/pubs/current.pdf
The revision level is shown at the bottom of the front cover after the publication number. The
latest version of most publications is available at:
www.woodward.com/publications
If your publication is not there, please contact your customer service representative to get
the latest copy.
WARNING—OVERSPEED PROTECTION
The engine, turbine, or other type of prime mover should be equipped with an overspeed
shutdown device to protect against runaway or damage to the prime mover with possible
personal injury, loss of life, or property damage.
The overspeed shutdown device must be totally independent of the prime mover control
system. An overtemperature or overpressure shutdown device may also be needed for
safety, as appropriate.
WARNING—PROPER USE
Any unauthorized modifications to or use of this equipment outside its specified
mechanical, electrical, or other operating limits may cause personal injury and/or property
damage, including damage to the equipment. Any such unauthorized modifications: (i)
constitute "misuse" and/or "negligence" within the meaning of the product warranty
thereby excluding warranty coverage for any resulting damage, and (ii) invalidate product
certifications or listings.
CAUTION—POSSIBLE DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT OR PROPERTY
CAUTION—BATTERY CHARGING
To prevent damage to a control system that uses an alternator or battery-charging device, make
sure the charging device is turned off before disconnecting the battery from the system.
CAUTION—ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE
Electronic controls contain static-sensitive parts. Observe the following precautions to
prevent damage to these parts.
• Discharge body static before handling the control (with power to the control turned off,
contact a grounded surface and maintain contact while handling the control).
• Avoid all plastic, vinyl, and Styrofoam (except antistatic versions) around printed circuit
boards.
• Do not touch the components or conductors on a printed circuit board with your hands
or with conductive devices.
IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS
• A WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
• A CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
damage to equipment or property.
• A NOTE provides other helpful information that does not fall under the warning or caution
categories.
Revisions—Text changes are indicated by a black line alongside the text.
Woodward Governor Company reserves the right to update any portion of this publication at any time. Information
provided by Woodward Governor Company is believed to be correct and reliable. However, no responsibility is
assumed by Woodward Governor Company unless otherwise expressly undertaken.
© Woodward 2004
All Rights Reserved

Manual 26250 L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Woodward i
Contents
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE.........................................................................V
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE AWARENESS ................................................. VI
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION...........................................................1
Purpose and Scope................................................................................................1
How to Use This Manual ........................................................................................1
Intended Applications .............................................................................................1
Introduction.............................................................................................................2
Basic Control Options.............................................................................................3
Programmable Features.........................................................................................3
Service Tool Software ............................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2. MECHANICAL INSTALLATION.....................................................5
Introduction.............................................................................................................5
General Installation, Operation Notes and Requirements .....................................5
Unpacking...............................................................................................................6
Mechanical Installation ...........................................................................................6
CHAPTER 3. ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION....................................................15
Introduction...........................................................................................................15
Shielded Wiring ....................................................................................................15
Description of Electrical I/O ..................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION.................................................28
General.................................................................................................................28
System Operation.................................................................................................29
Starting the Engine ...............................................................................................29
Control Features Description................................................................................29
Speed Control Functions......................................................................................30
Speed Control Dynamics......................................................................................37
Start Fuel Limiting.................................................................................................39
Runtime Fuel Limiting...........................................................................................40
Temperature Sensing...........................................................................................42
Current Limiting based on Temperature ..............................................................42
Control Modes ......................................................................................................43
Fault Detection and Annunciation ........................................................................44
Faults ....................................................................................................................44
CHAPTER 5. SERVICE TOOL ......................................................................48
Introduction...........................................................................................................48
Description............................................................................................................48
Getting Started .....................................................................................................50
Monitoring the Driver ............................................................................................51
CHAPTER 6. CONFIGURATION....................................................................59
Overview...............................................................................................................59
Configuration Parameters ....................................................................................60
Load Configuration File to Control........................................................................84
Configuration Checks ...........................................................................................85

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Contents
CHAPTER 7. SETUP AND TUNING................................................................88
Introduction ...........................................................................................................88
Tuning the Speed PID ..........................................................................................88
Editing of Configuration Settings ..........................................................................89
Tuning the Position PID........................................................................................91
Position Calibration and Verification.....................................................................93
Calibration Sequence Overview ...........................................................................93
Position Verification ..............................................................................................94
CHAPTER 8. TROUBLESHOOTING ...............................................................98
Introduction ...........................................................................................................98
General System Troubleshooting Guide ..............................................................99
Engine/Generator Troubleshooting ......................................................................99
Troubleshooting Diagnostic Fault Flags............................................................ 103
Electrical Troubleshooting Guide ...................................................................... 107
CHAPTER 9. SERVICE OPTIONS................................................................109
Product Service Options.................................................................................... 109
Returning Equipment for Repair........................................................................ 110
Replacement Parts ............................................................................................ 111
How to Contact Woodward................................................................................ 111
Engineering Services......................................................................................... 112
Technical Assistance......................................................................................... 113
APPENDIX A. ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS...............................................114
APPENDIX B. L-SERIES CONTROL SPECIFICATIONS..................................115
DECLARATIONS .......................................................................................120

Manual 26250 L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Woodward iii
Illustrations and Tables
Figure 2-1. Linkage Design Examples ...................................................................8
Figure 2-2. L-Series Outline Drawing...................................................................10
Figure 2-3. L-Series Cover Types ........................................................................11
Figure 2-4a. L-Series Shaft Types .......................................................................12
Figure 2-4b. L-Series Shaft Types .......................................................................13
Figure 2-4c. L-Series Shaft Types........................................................................14
Figure 3-1a. Typical L-Series Speed Control Application Wiring .........................17
Figure 3-1b. L-Series Speed Control Connector Pin Arrangement .....................18
Figure 3-2. Correct and Incorrect Wiring to Power Supply ..................................19
Figure 3-3. MPU Speed Sensing Input ................................................................20
Figure 3-4. Proximity Probe Speed Sensing Input ...............................................21
Figure 3-5. Ignition Speed Sensing Input.............................................................21
Figure 3-6. TPS Output ........................................................................................22
Figure 3-7. Relay Driver Output ...........................................................................23
Figure 3-8. Typical AUX Input Usage...................................................................25
Figure 3-9. Ground Junction Point .......................................................................27
Figure 4-1 Overview of L-Series Inputs/Outputs ..................................................30
Figure 4-2 Speed Setpoint Actions and Rates .....................................................31
Figure 4-3. 5% Droop Example ............................................................................35
Figure 4-4 Remote Speed Setpoint......................................................................36
Figure 4-5. Dual Gain Settings .............................................................................38
Figure 4-6. Single Start Fuel Limit........................................................................39
Figure 4-7. Dual Start Fuel Limiters .....................................................................40
Figure 4-8. Boost (External) Fuel Limit Curve......................................................41
Figure 4-9. Runtime Fuel Limit Curve ..................................................................42
Figure 5-1. Example Service Tool Screen ...........................................................48
Figure 5-2a. Programming Harness Connections................................................49
Figure 5-2b. Programming Harness Wiring..........................................................50
Figure 5-3a. Service Tool—Overview Tab ...........................................................53
Figure 5-3b. Service Tool—Overview Tab (5418-2193 software only)...............53
Figure 5-4. Service Tool—Alarms Tab.................................................................55
Figure 5-5. Service Tool—Shutdowns Tab ..........................................................56
Figure 5-6. Service Tool—Internal Shutdowns Tab .............................................56
Figure 5-7. Service Tool—Simulated I/O Tab ......................................................57
Figure 5-8. Service Tool—Identification Tab........................................................58
Figure 6-1. Configuration Selection Options ........................................................60
Figure 6-2. Configuration Editor—OVERVIEW TAB ............................................61
Figure 6-3. Configuration Editor—SETPOINT TAB .............................................63
Figure 6-4. Configuration Editor—CONTROL TAB..............................................65
Figure 6-5. Configuration Editor—Modifiers Tab..................................................69
Figure 6-6a. Configuration Editor—Fuel Limiting Tab (5418-1680 and -2226
software versions) ...........................................................................71
Figure 6-6b. Configuration Editor—Fuel Limiting Tab (5418-2193 software
only) .................................................................................................72
Figure 6-6c. Configuration Editor—Fuel Limiting Tab (5418-2193 software
only) .................................................................................................72
Figure 6-7. Configuration Editor—Dynamics Tab ................................................75
Figure 6-8. Configuration Editor—Discrete I/O Tab .............................................77
Figure 6-9. Configuration Editor—Alarm/Shutdown Tab......................................80
Figure 6-10. Configuration Editor—Security Tab .................................................82
Figure 6-11. Security Tab Set Password Pop-up.................................................83
Figure 6-12. Password Entry Prompt ...................................................................83
Figure 6-13. Configuration Loading......................................................................84
Figure 6-14. Direct Load of Configuration File .....................................................84

L-Series Integrated Speed Control Manual 26250
iv Woodward
Illustrations and Tables
Figure 7-1. Service Tool–Speed Dynamics..........................................................89
Figure 7-2a. Edit Configuration Settings Menu (5418-2193 software only) .........90
Figure 7-2b. Speed Input Window (5418-1680 and -2226 software versions) ....90
Figure 7-2c. Configuration Settings Window (5418-2193 software only).............91
Figure 7-3. Service Tool—PID Tuning Window ...................................................92
Figure 7-4. Service Tool—PID Tuning Properties Window ..................................92
Figure 7-5. Service Tool—Manual Position Calibration selection ........................93
Figure 7-6. Service Tool—Verify Position Calibration ..........................................94
Figure 7-7. Service Tool—Manual Position Calibration .......................................95
Figure 7-8. Service Tool—Manual Position Calibration Settings .........................96
Figure 7-9. Service Tool—Auto Position Calibration............................................97
Figure B-1. Bode Plot of L-Series Response .................................................... 119

Manual 26250 L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Woodward v
Regulatory Compliance
European Compliance for CE Marking:
These listings are limited only to those units bearing the CE Marking:
EMC Directive: Declared to 89/336/EEC COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 03 May
1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to electromagnetic compatibility.
These listings are limited only to those units bearing the ATEX markings as well as the CE
Mark:
ATEX – Potentially Declared to 94/9/EC COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 23 March 1994
Explosive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
Atmospheres concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use
Directive: in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Zone 2, Category 3, Group II G, EEx nA II T3 X
–40 °C ≤Tamb ≤+105 °C, IP56
Special Condition for Safe Use: The installer of the L-series must take responsibility for
meeting Sub-Clause 26.3.3.1 of EN60079-15:2003 regarding impact testing. The actuator
by itself does not meet this requirement and therefore must be sufficiently protected when
installed. See Chapter 2, Mechanical Installation, for more details.
Other European and International Compliance:
Compliance with the following European Directives or standards does not qualify this
product for application of the CE Marking:
Machinery Compliant as a component with 98/37/EC COUNCIL
Directive: DIRECTIVE of 23 July 1998 on the approximation of the laws
of the Member States relating to machinery.
Pressure Equipment Exempt per Article 1-3.10
Directive:
North American Compliance:
These listings are limited only to those units bearing the CSA identification
CSA: CSA Certified for Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, C, & D, T3C
at 105 °C Ambient for use in Canada and the United States.
Certificate 1380416
This product is certified as a component for use in other
equipment. The final combination is subject to acceptance by
the authority having jurisdiction.
Wiring must be in accordance with North American Class I, Division 2 or European Zone
2, Category 3 wiring methods as applicable, and in accordance with the authority having
jurisdiction.
Field wiring must be suitable for at least 105 °C.
Connect ground terminal to earth ground.
The actuator should be protected from exposure to sunlight and rain.

L-Series Integrated Speed Control Manual 26250
vi Woodward
WARNING—EXPLOSION HAZARD
Do not connect or disconnect while circuit is live unless area is known to be non-
hazardous.
Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class I, Division 2 or Zone 2
applications.
Do not clean equipment unless power has been switched off or the area is known to
be non-hazardous.
AVERTISSEMENT—RISQUE D’EXPLOSION
Ne pas raccorder ni débrancher tant que l’installation est sous tension, sauf en cas
l’ambiance est décidément non dangereuse.
La substitution de composants peut rendre ce matériel inacceptable pour les
emplacements de Classe I, applications Division 2 ou Zone 2.
Electrostatic Discharge Awareness
All electronic equipment is static-sensitive, some components more than others.
To protect these components from static damage, you must take special
precautions to minimize or eliminate electrostatic discharges.
Follow these precautions when working with or near the control.
1. Before doing maintenance on the electronic control, discharge the static
electricity on your body to ground by touching and holding a grounded metal
object (pipes, cabinets, equipment, etc.).
2. Avoid the build-up of static electricity on your body by not wearing clothing
made of synthetic materials. Wear cotton or cotton-blend materials as much
as possible because these do not store static electric charges as much as
synthetics.
3. Keep plastic, vinyl, and Styrofoam materials (such as plastic or Styrofoam
cups, cup holders, cigarette packages, cellophane wrappers, vinyl books or
folders, plastic bottles, and plastic ash trays) away from the control, the
modules, and the work area as much as possible.
4. Do not touch the electrical conductors, the connectors, or the components
with conductive devices or with your hands.
CAUTION—ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE
To prevent damage to electronic components caused by improper handling,
read and observe the precautions in Woodward manual 82715, Guide for
Handling and Protection of Electronic Controls, Printed Circuit Boards, and
Modules.

Manual 26250 L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Woodward 1
Chapter 1.
General Information
Purpose and Scope
The purpose of this manual is to provide the necessary background information
for applying the L-Series integrated speed control to diesel and gas/gasoline
reciprocating engines. Topics covered include mechanical installation, electrical
wiring, software programming, and troubleshooting. While this manual is
primarily targeted at OEM customers, OEMs themselves may find it useful to
copy some of the information from this manual into their application user
manuals.
This manual does not contain instructions for the operation of the complete
engine system. For engine or plant operating instructions, contact the plant-
equipment manufacturer.
This version of the manual applies to all L-Series Speed Control models with
software 5418-1680B, 5418-2193, and 5418-2226 or newer. The software
version can be identified on the Identification tab of the Service Tool.
How to Use This Manual
The following summarizes how to install an L-Series speed control into a new or
existing system:
• Unbox and inspect the hardware.
• Mount and wire the hardware following the procedures and
recommendations in Chapters 2–3.
• Configure the control using the Service Tool (Chapter 6). Not required if pre-
configured by OEM.
• Stroke the valve and verify/tune dynamics and functionality (Chapter 7). Not
required if set up by OEM.
• Troubleshooting guidelines are provided in Chapter 8.
• Specifications are provided in Appendix B.
Intended Applications
The L-Series speed control is a suitable replacement for mechanical systems
that need more flexibility in control strategy, like dual dynamics, idle rated
dynamics, and gain curves. The L-Series control is designed for industrial
applications ranging from generators and mechanical drives to pumps and
compressors.
Key environmental characteristics of these applications include extended
industrial operating temperatures (–40 to +105 °C/–40 to +221 °F), industrial
EMC requirements, electrical transients, and lower operating voltages (12/24 V).

L-Series Integrated Speed Control Manual 26250
2 Woodward
Introduction
The Woodward L-Series combines the L-Series electric actuator with integrated
speed control software to control the speed of a diesel or gaseous engine. The
L-Series is a microprocessor-based control that is incorporated into the actuator,
creating a single integrated package. This eliminates the need for an additional
driver box and speed control box.
The control uses state-of-the-art speed sensing and control algorithms. The
L-Series also performs comprehensive diagnostics for easy troubleshooting. It
can be configured and tuned using the L-Series Service Tool.
The L-Series provides a building block approach to total engine management.
The modular bi-directional actuator design easily attaches to fuel pumps, mixers,
or throttle bodies. For information on Woodward throttle body applications, refer
to manual 26249 (ITB and LC-50).
Woodward also offers L-Series actuator versions for Position Control and
Process Control, like Air/Fuel Ratio control, applications. Refer to manuals 26237
(Position Control) or 26251 (Process Control).
The L-Series speed control accepts a speed signal (ignition or MPU), compares
this to the speed setpoint, and drives the 0–60 degree output shaft to the
commanded position based on an internal shaft position sensor. The high-
efficiency torque motor delivers 0.34 Nxm (0.25 lb-ft) nominally over 60° travel
range to operate fuel or air control devices. See the specifications (Appendix B)
for more details.
There are 4 AUX inputs for I/O functions, configurable as digital inputs, analog
inputs, or RS-232 Service Tool communications. The functions available for AUX
input configuration are:
• Isochronous Loadsharing analog input
• Remote Speed Setpoint analog input
• MAP/Boost Fuel limit analog input
• Rated 1 / Rated 2 (50/60 Hz) digital input
• Raise Speed Setpoint digital input
• Lower Speed Setpoint digital input
• Isoch/Droop digital input
• Idle/Rated digital input
• Alternate Dynamics digital input
• Run Enable digital input
For status purposes, a relay driver output is available on the L-Series control
which changes state whenever a fault or error condition is experienced by the
L-Series control.
If the system so requires, the L-Series provides a direct position output signal in the
form of a dc voltage. The throttle position (TPS) output represents full counterclockwise
(ccw) to clockwise (cw) rotation of the actuator shaft, and thus gives the operator an
external position indication after installation and while the unit is operating.
WARNING—EMERGENCY STOP
When included with an ITB, the actuator depends solely on the return spring
inside the throttle body assembly to drive toward minimum fuel when not
powered. Therefore other positive shutdown devices like fuel shut-off
solenoids are recommended to ensure shutdown on loss of signal to the
control system. Also, separate overspeed trip devices are always mandatory.

Manual 26250 L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Woodward 3
Basic Control Options
Position control with software support for:
• cw / ccw (clockwise/counterclockwise) direction control
• Field calibration options
Speed control with software selectable:
• Speed setpoints
• Dynamics
• Fuel Limiting
• Start / Stop behavior
• Input/Output definitions
WARNING—ACTUATOR SETUP
The actuator must be properly set up using the L-Series Service Tool prior to
starting the prime mover.
NOTE
The Service Tool is not included, but can be downloaded from the
Woodward Internet website (www.woodward.com/software).
Programmable Features
Control setup and tuning is accomplished through the use of a PC (personal
computer), Woodward Service Tool software, and a programming harness. The
features identified below are described in Chapters 2 and 4. Briefly, the
programmable features include:
• Speed Signal Setup Parameters
• General Setup Parameters
o Fail Direction (ccw or cw)
o Min Position Direction (ccw or cw)
• Valve Position Control Parameters
• Speed Setpoint Setup Parameters
o Functionality Settings
o Idle/Rated 1/Rated 2 Speed Settings
o Acceleration and Deceleration Rates
o Droop / Isoch
o Biasing Behavior and Rates
• Speed Control Setup Parameters
o Behavior
o Start Speed settings and Rates
o Engine Stopping Settings
o Speed Error Detection Settings
o Dynamics Settings
• Fuel Limiting
o Behavior
o Settings and Rates
• Discrete Output Settings
• Discrete Input Settings
• Fault Settings
• Security Settings

L-Series Integrated Speed Control Manual 26250
4 Woodward
Service Tool Software
The L-Series Service Tool software is a Microsoft Windows®based GUI (graphic
user interface). The Service Tool Software is compatible with Windows
NT/2000/XP and gives the OEM the ability to:
• Configure product settings based on application requirements
• Tune the control with the engine running during application development
• Create configuration files for downloading into multiple controls
• Download configuration files
• Extract and view fault codes for field diagnosis
• Update control dynamics during field service
• Calibrate the control for user stops
In addition, the Service Tool can be configured to incorporate security to control
access to and protect application settings where needed.
Detailed descriptions of software features and installation are available in
Chapters 4–7.

Manual 26250 L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Woodward 5
Chapter 2.
Mechanical Installation
Introduction
This chapter provides instructions on how to mount and connect the L-Series
control into a system. Hardware dimensions are provided for mounting the device
to a specific application.
WARNING—NOISE
Due to typical noise levels in turbine or engine environments, hearing
protection should be worn when working on or around the L-Series.
WARNING—BURN HAZARD
The surface of this product can become hot enough or cold enough to be a
hazard. Use protective gear for product handling in these circumstances.
Temperature ratings are included in the specification section of this manual.
CAUTION—FIRE PROTECTION
Explosion Hazard—External fire protection is not provided in the scope of
this product. It is the responsibility of the user to satisfy any applicable
requirements for their system.
CAUTION—WIRING
Due to the hazardous location listings associated with this product, proper
wire type and wiring practices are critical to operation.
Do not connect any cable grounds to “instrument ground”, “control
ground”, or any non-earth ground system. Make all required electrical
connections based on the wiring diagrams (Figure 3-5).
WARNING—EXPLOSION HAZARD
Do not connect or disconnect while circuit is live unless area is known to be
non-hazardous.
Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class I, Division or
Zone applications.
General Installation, Operation Notes and
Requirements
WARNING—OVERSPEED
Use of an independent device for positive shutdown, such as a fuel shut-off
valve, is highly recommended. Failure to comply with this recommendation
can cause personal injury and/or property damage.
Use of an external spring to return to minimum fuel is highly recommended.
Failure to comply with this recommendation can cause personal injury
and/or property damage.
Use of a predicted min-fuel-shutdown procedure is highly recommended.
Failure to comply with this recommendation can cause personal injury
and/or property damage.

L-Series Integrated Speed Control Manual 26250
6 Woodward
Unpacking
Be careful when unpacking the actuator. Check the unit for signs of damage,
such as bent or dented panels, scratches, and loose or broken parts. Notify the
shipper and Woodward if damage is found.
Mechanical Installation
Mounting Location
NOTE
To meet ATEX Hazardous Location requirements, the installer of the L-series
must take responsibility for meeting Sub-Clause 26.3.3.1 of EN60079-15:2003
regarding impact testing. The actuator by itself does not meet this
requirement and therefore must be sufficiently protected when installed.
According to EN60079-15, the protection must be such that a 1 kg mass,
fitted with an impact head in the form of a hemisphere of 25 mm diameter,
can be dropped vertically from a height of 0.7 meter, and not cause
significant damage to the actuator.
Locate the L-Series control a distance from sources of extreme radiant heat,
such as exhaust manifolds or turbochargers. The operating temperature range of
the control is –40 to +105 °C (–40 to +221 °F). In spark-ignited applications,
make sure the L-Series is located away from the ignition coil, and that harness
wires are not routed next to the spark plug wires.
As shown in the specifications, the L-Series control has been designed for and
verified to a given accelerated life vibration test level at the mounting surface of
the actuator. The user should be aware that in any application, bracket design
can significantly change the vibration levels at the actuator. Therefore, every
effort should be made to make the bracket as stiff as possible so that engine
vibrations are not amplified, creating an even more severe environment at the
actuator. Additionally, when possible, orienting the actuator shaft parallel to the
crankshaft of the engine will often reduce the vibration load on the actuator's
rotor system in reciprocating engine applications.
Mounting the L-Series Actuator with an ITB
Typical mounting of a L-Series actuator with an ITB is accomplished by fastening
the throttle to the inlet and outlet pipes. Ensure that the pipes can support the
weight of the L-Series actuator and the throttle body.
Output Shaft
The L-Series actuator has 58–62° of available travel. The max fuel direction of
this travel is software configurable in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction
through the Service Tool.

Manual 26250 L-Series Integrated Speed Control
Woodward 7
Mounting Orientation
While it is not a requirement, it is good practice to orient the connector feature on
the control in a horizontal or downward orientation to minimize fluid accumulation
between the enclosure and the mating connector’s gasket.
Actuator Configuration
The L-Series actuator utilizes a 2.0” (50.8 mm) square mounting bolt pattern and
is intended to fit within an envelope of 2.618 x 2.618 x 2.540” (66.50 x 66.50 x
64.52 mm) with the short dimension along the shaft axis. Two shaft seal
configurations are available, an internal lip seal and an external lip seal with
spring backup (Figure 2-3). In addition, six independent output shaft
configurations are available (Figure 2-4). Consult Woodward applications
engineering for the application appropriate seal and shaft configuration.
Mounting Hardware
Use M5 or #10 fasteners torqued to 4 Nxm (35 lb-in) to attach the L-Series
control to the mounting bracket. The bracket and attaching hardware must be
designed to hold the weight and to withstand the vibration associated with prime
mover mounting. Use the appropriate fasteners for securing the mounting
bracket to the engine.
Mechanical (Fuel Position) Stops
Diesel Stops—Diesel installations will generally use the fuel system minimum
and maximum position stops. Diesel engine applications are normally designed
to provide the minimum and maximum stops without binding. The actuator's
stops must not prevent the actuator from driving the fuel linkage to the minimum
and maximum positions. The linkage should be designed to use as much
actuator travel as possible, without preventing minimum and maximum fuel
positions.
Gas Engine Stops—Butterfly valves in carburetors will often bind if rotated too
far toward minimum or maximum. For this reason, hard stops in the throttle body
or associated linkage should be used at both minimum and maximum positions.
The engine must always shut down when the actuator is at the minimum stop.
Linkage
Proper design and installation of the linkage from the actuator to the engine is
necessary for the unit to provide the best control possible. The characteristics of
the engine fuel system and the control dictate the linkage design. Most diesel
fuel pumps have a linear relationship between metering valve or fuel rack
position and the amount of fuel delivered to the engine. Throttle bodies have a
non-linear relationship between throttle angle and air/fuel flow.

L-Series Integrated Speed Control Manual 26250
8 Woodward
Because the L-Series is a linear control, a linkage designed for diesel
applications tends to maintain a 1:1 relationship between actuator shaft angle
and rack position throughout the range of travel. A linkage designed for gas or
gasoline applications tends to start with a 3:1 relationship transitioning to a 1:3
relationship between actuator shaft angle and throttle angle throughout the range
of travel. This non-linear linkage design essentially compensates the throttle
body so the air/fuel flow looks linear from the control’s perspective. Woodward
recommends that linkages use approximately 40 degrees of actuator shaft
rotation, centered in the full 60-degree range. This maximizes the resolution of
the actuator control loop, making the engine easier to govern. Refer to Figure 2-1
for examples of typical linkage designs.
actuator
fuel rack
actuator
fuel rack
actuator rotary fuel valve
actuatorrotary fuel valve
40o
40
o
40
o
40o
Rotary-to-Linear Linkages
Linear Relationship
Rotary-to-Rotary Linkages
Linear Relationship
40
o
40
o
40
o
40o
actuator
actuator
actuator
actuator
throttle body
throttle body
throttle body
throttle body
Rotary-to-Rotary Linkages
Nonlinear Relationship
"Pull"
Rotary-to-Rotary Linkages
Nonlinear Relationship
"Push"
Diesel
Gas/Gasoline
Figure 2-1. Linkage Design Examples
To increase the amount of actuator rotation, move the rod end closer to the
actuator shaft or farther away from the shaft controlling the fuel flow. To
decrease the amount of actuator rotation, move the rod end farther from the
actuator shaft or closer to the throttle shaft.
Once installed, manually stroke the fuel-control linkage from stop to stop as if the
actuator were moving it. The linkage must move freely, without friction and
backlash. Lubricate or replace worn linkage or fuel control parts as required.
Always make sure the fuel delivery device (fuel pump or throttle body) has a
return spring that pulls towards minimum fuel when no power is applied to the
control. Size the return spring so that the actuator output shaft sees no more
than 0.07 Nxm (0.05 lb-ft) of torque at maximum loading conditions.

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In addition to a return spring, always make sure the application includes a
secondary overspeed protection device as a backup to the main governor’s
overspeed detection function.
CAUTION—MAXIMUM ACTUATOR SPEED
The actuator’s maximum slew rate can place stress on the fuel system stops
and on the linkage between the actuator and the fuel system. The maximum
actuator speed is 1100 degrees per second in both increase and decrease
fuel directions under normal operating conditions. Exceeding the control
input voltage requirements may cause a unit shutdown in which the actuator
speed may exceed 3500 degrees per second.
The Mass Moment of Inertia (MMOI) for the L-Series actuators is 1.48 E-5 kg-m²
(1.57E-3 lb-in-s²). External fuel system stops should be used and must be
adequate to absorb the actuator MMOI in addition to the linkage inertia without
damage.
Use of good rod-end connectors with as little free play as possible is essential.
Select rod ends that will remain tight and wear well during the nearly constant
movement associated with precise speed control. The link connecting the
actuator lever to the fuel-control lever must be short and stiff enough to prevent
flexing while the engine is running.
Typically, in a linkage system, there may be links and levers which are supported
by customer-supplied bearings. Additionally, there will typically be a section of
the linkage where the mass is supported fully by the actuator output shaft.
Minimizing the mass the actuator is required to support is essential in that
excessive mass or vibration levels may damage the actuator’s rotor system and
shorten the life of the actuator.

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Figure 2-2. L-Series Outline Drawing

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Figure 2-3. L-Series Cover Types

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Figure 2-4a. L-Series Shaft Types