YOKOGAWA wt1600 User manual

Digital Power Meter
IM 760101-01E
4th Edition
Advanced Test Equipment Rentals
www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)
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Product Registration
Thank you for purchasing YOKOGAWA products.
YOKOGAWA provides registered users with a variety of information and
services.
Please allow us to serve you best by completing the product registration
form accessible from our homepage.
http://www.yokogawa.com/tm/
PIM 103-01E

i
IM 760101-01E
Thank you for purchasing the YOKOGAWA WT1600 Digital Power Meter.
This user’s manual contains useful information about the functions, operating
procedures, and handling precautions of the instrument. To ensure correct use, please
read this manual thoroughly before beginning operation.
After reading the manual, keep it in a convenient location for quick reference whenever a
question arises during operation.
The following two manuals, including this one, are provided as manuals for the WT1600.
Read them along with this manual.
Manual Title Manual No. Description
WT1600 Digital Power Meter IM 760101-01E This manual. Explains all functions and
User’s Manual procedures of the WT1600 excluding
the communication functions.
WT1600 Digital Power Meter IM 760101-11E Explains the communication functions
Communication Interface of the GP-IB, RS-232, and Ethernet
User’s Manual interfaces.
Notes
•The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior notice as a result of
continuing improvements to the instrument’s performance and functions. The figures
given in this manual may differ from the actual screen.
•Every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure the accuracy
of its contents. However, should you have any questions or find any errors, please
contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.
•Copying or reproducing all or any part of the contents of this manual without the
permission of Yokogawa Electric Corporation is strictly prohibited.
•The TCP/IP software of this product and the document concerning the TCP/IP
software have been developed/created by YOKOGAWA based on the BSD
Networking Software, Release 1 that has been licensed from California University.
Trademarks
•MS-DOS is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
•Adobe, Adobe Acrobat, and PostScript are registered trademarks or trademarks of
Adobe Systems Incorporated.
•Zip is either a registered trademark or trademark of Iomega Corporation in the United
States and/or other countries.
•For purposes of this manual, the TM and ® symbols do not accompany their
respective trademark names or registered trademark names.
•Other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective companies.
Revisions
•First edition: June 2001
• Second edition: August 2001
•Third edition: December 2002
•Fouth edition: April 2004
4th Edition : April 2004 (YK)
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2001 Yokogawa Electric Corporation

ii IM 760101-01E
Checking the Contents of the Package
Unpack the box and check the contents before operating the instrument. If some of the
contents are not correct or missing or if there is physical damage, contact the dealer
from which you purchased them.
WT1600
Check that the model name and suffix code given on the name plate on the side panel
match those on the order.
MODEL
SUFFIX
Made in Japan
MODEL
NO.
SUFFIX
Made in Japan
NO.
MODEL and SUFFIX Codes
Model Suffix Code Description
760101 100-120 / 200-240 VAC
For details on the construction of the current input
terminal that is equipped on the instrument, see the
next section.
Current input terminal Element 123456
Construction
-01 50 A –––––
-02 50 A 50 A – – – –
-03 50 A 50 A 50 A – – –
-04 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A – –
-05 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A –
-06 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A
-10 5 A –––––
-11 5 A 50 A – – – –
-12 5 A 50 A 50 A – – –
-13 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A – –
-14 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A –
-15 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A
-20 5 A 5 A– – – –
-21 5 A 5 A 50 A – – –
-22 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A – –
-23 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A –
-24 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A
-30 5 A 5 A5A– – –
-31 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A – –
-32 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A –
-33 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A
-40 5 A 5 A5A5A– –
-41 5 A 5 A5A5A50A–
-42 5 A 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A
-50 5 A 5 A5A5A5A–
-51 5 A 5 A5A5A5A50A
-60 5 A 5 A5A5A5A5A
Communication interface -C1 GP-IB Interface
(Either one is built in.) -C2 Serial (RS-232) interface

iii
IM 760101-01E
Suffix Code Description
Power cord -D UL/CSA Standard power cord (Part No.: A1006WD)
[Maximum rated voltage: 125 V; Maximum rated current: 7 A]
-F VDE Standard Power Cord (Part No.: A1009WD)
[Maximum rated voltage: 250 V; Maximum rated current: 10 A]
-Q BS Standard Power Cord (Part No.: A1054WD)
[Maximum rated voltage: 250 V; Maximum rated current: 10 A]
-R AS Standard Power Cord (Part No.: A1024WD)
[Maximum rated voltage: 240 V; Maximum rated current: 10 A]
Options /B5 Built-in printer
/C7 SCSI
/C10 SCSI, Ethernet interface, and internal hard disk.
/DA D/A output (30 channels)
/MTR Motor evaluation function
(Either /C7 or /C10 can be added)
Example of specifications and suffix code
Ex: 5-A input terminals in elements 1 through 3, 50-A input terminals in elements 4 through 6,
GP-IB interface, UL/CSA standard power cord, built-in printer, and SCSI →760101-33-C1-D/
B5/C7
NO. (Instrument No.)
When contacting the dealer from which you purchased the instrument, please quote
the instrument No.
Checking the Contents of the Package

iv IM 760101-01E
Standard Accessories
The following are supplied with the instrument.
Part Name Part Number Q’ty Notes
1. Power cord See the previous table. 1 –
2. Spare power fuse A1354EF 1 250 V, 6.3 A, time lag
(attached to the fuse holder)
3. Printer roll paper B9316FX 2 For the built-in printer
Provided only with option /B5
4. Rubber feet A9088ZM 2 Two pieces in one set.
Two sets provided.
5. 36-pin connector A1005JD 1 For D/A output
Provided only with option /DA
6. Current input protective cover B9316BX 1 With 4 attachment screws, part
number B9946GZ.
7. • User’s Manual IM760101-01E 1 This manual
•Communication Interface IM760101-11E 1 –
User’s Manual
6. 7.5.
3.
2.
FR
Q
4.
1. (One of the following power cords is supplied
according to the instrument's suffix codes.)
Checking the Contents of the Package

v
IM 760101-01E
Optional Accessories (Sold Separately)
The following optional accessories are available for purchase separately.
Part Name Part Number Q’ty Notes
1. Serial port adapter 366971 1 9 pin*1-25 pin*2adapter
*1 EIA-574 Standard
*2 EIA-232 Standard (RS-232)
2. BNC-alligator clip 366926 1 42 V or less, length 1 m
measurement lead
3. BNC-BNC 366924 1 42 V or less, length 1 m
measurement lead 366925 1 42 V or less, length 2 m
4. External sensor cable B9284LK 1 For connecting the current sensor
input connector of the WT1600
Length 0.5 m
5. Measurement lead 758917 1 Two leads in one set, used with
the separately sold 758922 or
758929 adapter, length 0.75 m,
ratings 1000 V
6. Alligator clip adapter set 758922 1 Two pieces in one set, for the
758917 measurement lead.
Rated voltage 300 V
7. Alligator clip adapter set 758929 1 Two pieces in one set, for the
758917 measurement lead.
Rated voltage 1000 V
8. Fork terminal adapter set 758921 1 Two pieces in one set, for the
758917 measurement lead.
Rated current 25 A
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Spare Parts (Sold Separately)
The following spare parts are available.
Part Name Part Number Q’ty Notes
1. Printer roll paper B9316FX 10 One roll is one set, thermal-
sensitive paper, total length 10 m
2. Power fuse A1354EF 2 250 V, 6.3 A, time lag
Checking the Contents of the Package

vi IM 760101-01E
Safety Precautions
This instrument is an IEC safety class I instrument (provided with terminal for protective
earth grounding).
The general safety precautions described herein must be observed during all phases of
operation. If the instrument is used in a manner not specified in this manual, the
protection provided by the instrument may be impaired. Yokogawa Electric Corporation
assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
The following symbols are used on this instrument.
“Handle with care.” (To avoid injury, death of personnel or damage to the
instrument, the operator must refer to the explanation in the User’s Manual or
Service Manual.)
Electric shock, danger
Alternating current
Both direct and alternating current
ON(power)
OFF(power)
In-position of a bistable push control
Out-position of a bistable push control
Ground

vii
IM 760101-01E
Make sure to comply with the precautions below. Not complying might result in injury
or death.
WARNING
Power Supply
Ensure that the source voltage matches the voltage of the power supply before
turning ON the power.
Power Cord and Plug
To prevent the possibility of electric shock or fire, be sure to use the power cord
supplied by YOKOGAWA. The main power plug must be plugged into an outlet
with a protective earth terminal. Do not invalidate this protection by using an
extension cord without protective earth grounding.
Protective Grounding
Make sure to connect the protective earth to prevent electric shock before
turning ON the power.
Necessity of Protective Grounding
Never cut off the internal or external protective earth wire or disconnect the
wiring of the protective earth terminal. Doing so poses a potential shock hazard.
Defect of Protective Grounding
Do not operate the instrument if the protective earth or fuse might be defective.
Also, make sure to check them before operation.
Fuse
To avoid the possibility of fire, only use a fuse that has a rating (voltage, current,
and type) that is specified by the instrument. When replacing a fuse, turn OFF
the power switch and unplug the power cord. Never short the fuse holder.
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable liquids or vapors.
Operation in such environments constitutes a safety hazard.
Do Not Remove Covers
The cover should be removed by YOKOGAWA’s qualified personnel only.
Opening the cover is dangerous, because some areas inside the instrument
have high voltages.
External Connection
Securely connect the protective grounding before connecting to the item under
measurement or an external control unit.
Safety Precautions

viii IM 760101-01E
How to Use This Manual
Structure of the Manual
This user’s manual consists of the following sections.
Chapter 1 Explanation of Functions
Describes the functions of the instrument. Operating procedures are not given in this chapter.
However, reading this chapter will help you understand the operating procedures given in the
chapters that follow.
Chapter 2 Names and Uses of Parts
Describes the names and uses of each part of the instrument.
Chapter 3 Before Starting Measurements
Describes precautions for the use of the instrument, how to install the instrument, how to
connect to the power supply, how to wire measurement circuits, how to turn ON/OFF the
power switch, and other preparations before starting measurements.
Chapter 4 Screen Display Format
Describes how to display numerical data, waveforms, bar graphs, vectors, and trends, the
mixed display, and the meaning of each displayed item.
Chapter 5 Measurement Conditions
Describes how to set the input conditions for the measured voltage/current signal and the
handling of the input signal such as the wiring system, the measurement range, the filter,
averaging, data update rate, and the crest factor.
Chapter 6 Normal Measurement and Integration
Describes how to set the displayed items of numerical data during normal measurement, how
to set the computing equation, and how to set integration.
Chapter 7 Harmonic Measurement
Describes how to set the displayed item of numerical data, the PLL source, the order of analysis,
the computing equation, the bar graph, and the vector display during harmonic measurement.
Chapter 8 Motor Evaluation (Option)
Describes how to set the instrument in order to determine the motor characteristics by
inputting signals from revolution sensors and torque meters.
Chapter 9 Waveform Display
Describes how to display the waveforms of the voltage and current signals.
Chapter 10 Trend Display
Describes how to display the trend.
Chapter 11 Storing and Recalling Data and Saving the Stored Data
Describes how to store and recall the data and how to save the stored data.
Chapter 12 Saving and Loading the Data
Describes how to save setup parameters, waveform display data, numerical data, and screen
image data and how to load the saved data to the instrument.
Chapter 13 Ethernet Communications (Option)
Describes how to mutually transfer files containing setup parameters, waveform display data, and
numerical data with PCs and workstations that are on the network using the Ethernet interface.
Chapter 14 Built-in Printer (Option)
Describes how to output numerical data and screen image to the built-in printer.
Chapter 15 D/A Output and Other Functions
Describes how to set the D/A output and other functions.
Chapter 16 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection
Describes the possible causes of problems and their appropriate corrective measures.
Describes the messages that are displayed on the screen. Describes maintenance and
inspection issues such as how to perform self-tests and replace power fuses.
Chapter 17 Specifications
Summarizes the specifications of the instrument in tables.
Appendix
Describes how to determine the measurement function and delta computation. Gives a list of
initial settings. Describes the ASCII header file format.
Index
Alphabetic and symbol index of contents.

ix
IM 760101-01E
Conventions Used in This Manual
Unit
k: Denotes 1000. Example: 15 kg, 100 kHz
K: Denotes 1024. Example: 640 KB (Storage capacity of floppy disks)
Displayed Characters
Bold characters used in the procedural explanations indicate characters that are
displayed on the panel keys for the respective procedure or the characters on the
screen.
SHIFT+key means you will press SHIFT to turn ON the indicator that is located above
and to the left of SHIFT followed by the operation key. The menu written below the
pressed key appears on the screen.
Symbols
The following symbols are used in this manual.
Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage
to the instrument. This symbol appears on the instrument to
indicate that the user must refer to the user’s manual for special
instructions. The same symbol appears in the corresponding place
in the user’s manual to identify those instructions. In the manual,
the symbol is used in conjunction with the word “WARNING” or
“CAUTION.”
WARNING Describes precautions that should be observed to prevent injury or
death to the user.
CAUTION Describes precautions that should be observed to prevent minor or
moderate injury, or damage to the instrument.
Note
Provides important information for the proper operation of the
instrument.
Symbols Used on Pages Describing Operating Procedures
On pages that describe the operating procedures in Chapter 3 through 16, the
following symbols are used to distinguish the procedures from their explanations.
Keys Indicates the key related to the operation.
Procedure Follow the steps indicated with numbers. The procedures are
given with the premise that the user is carrying out the steps for the
first time. Depending on the operation, not all steps need to be
taken.
Explanation This section describes the setup parameters and the limitations
regarding the procedures. It does not give a detailed explanation of
the function. For details on the function, see chapter 1.
How to Use This Manual

xIM 760101-01E
Contents
Checking the Contents of the Package ...........................................................................................ii
Safety Precautions .........................................................................................................................vi
How to Use This Manual .............................................................................................................. viii
Chapter 1 Explanation of Functions
1.1 System Configuration and Block Diagram ....................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period ........................................................... 1-3
1.3 Measurement Conditions ................................................................................................. 1-9
1.4 Numeric Display ............................................................................................................. 1-14
1.5 Computation ................................................................................................................... 1-18
1.6 Integration ...................................................................................................................... 1-20
1.7 Waveform Display .......................................................................................................... 1-23
1.8 Bar Graphs, Vectors, and Trend Displays ...................................................................... 1-29
1.9 Saving and Loading Data and Other Functions ............................................................. 1-32
Chapter 2 Names and Uses of Parts
2.1 Front Panel, Rear Panel, and Top View ........................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Operation Keys, Jog Shuttle ............................................................................................ 2-3
Chapter 3 Before Starting Measurements
3.1 Precautions Concerning the Use of the Instrument ......................................................... 3-1
3.2 Installing the Instrument ................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 Wiring Precautions ...........................................................................................................3-4
3.4 For Making Accurate Measurements ............................................................................... 3-6
3.5 Connecting the Power Supply .......................................................................................... 3-8
3.6 Directly Wiring the Circuit under Measurement ............................................................... 3-9
3.7 Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement .................. 3-12
3.8 Using an External PT or CT to Wire the Circuit under Measurement ............................ 3-16
3.9 Wiring a Circuit with Voltage Input Exceeding 600 V ..................................................... 3-19
3.10 Turning ON/OFF the Power Switch................................................................................ 3-20
3.11 Setting the Date and Time ............................................................................................. 3-22
3.12 Entering Values and Strings ........................................................................................... 3-24
Chapter 4 Screen Display Format
4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions .................................. 4-1
4.2 Displaying Waveforms ................................................................................................... 4-10
4.3 Displaying Bar Graphs ................................................................................................... 4-12
4.4 Displaying Vectors ......................................................................................................... 4-14
4.5 Displaying Trends .......................................................................................................... 4-15
4.6 Listing the Setup Parameters......................................................................................... 4-17
Chapter 5 Measurement Conditions
5.1 Selecting the Wiring System ............................................................................................ 5-1
5.2 Setting the Measurement Range during Direct Input ....................................................... 5-4
5.3 Setting the Measurement Range When Using an External Current Sensor .................. 5-10
5.4 Setting the Scaling Function When Using an External PT or CT ................................... 5-14
5.5 Selecting the Input Filter ................................................................................................ 5-17
5.6 Averaging ....................................................................................................................... 5-19
5.7 Changing the Data Update Rate .................................................................................... 5-22

xi
IM 760101-01E
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5
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7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
App
Index
5.8 Holding the Display and Performing Single Measurements........................................... 5-24
5.9 Holding the Numerical Data Display at the Maximum .................................................... 5-25
5.10 Performing Master/Slave Synchronized Measurements ................................................ 5-26
5.11 Selecting the Crest Factor ............................................................................................. 5-29
Chapter 6 Normal Measurement and Integration
6.1 Changing the Displayed Item of Numerical Data ............................................................. 6-1
6.2 Setting the Measurement Period ..................................................................................... 6-4
6.3 Selecting the Frequency Measurement Target ................................................................ 6-7
6.4 Setting the User-Defined Function ................................................................................... 6-8
6.5 Setting the Delta Computation ....................................................................................... 6-12
6.6 Setting the Equations for Apparent Power and Corrected Power .................................. 6-15
6.7 Selecting the Display Format of the Phase Difference .................................................. 6-18
6.8 Setting the Normal Integration Mode and the Integration Timer .................................... 6-20
6.9 Setting the Real-time Integration Mode, the Integration Timer, and the
Reservation Time ........................................................................................................... 6-23
6.10 Selecting the Current Mode for Current Integration and ON/OFF of Integration Auto
Calibration ...................................................................................................................... 6-29
6.11 Performing Integration (Start, Stop, and Reset)............................................................. 6-31
Chapter 7 Harmonic Measurement
7.1 Setting the Harmonic Measurement Mode ...................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Changing the Displayed Item of Numerical Data ............................................................. 7-2
7.3 Selecting the Measurement Target .................................................................................. 7-7
7.4 Selecting the PLL Source................................................................................................. 7-8
7.5 Setting the Harmonic Order to Be Analyzed .................................................................. 7-11
7.6 Selecting the Equation for the Distortion Factor ............................................................ 7-13
7.7 Changing the Data Length ............................................................................................. 7-14
7.8 Setting the User-Defined Function ................................................................................. 7-15
7.9 Changing the Display Items of Bar Graphs and Performing Cursor Measurements ..... 7-19
7.10 Changing the Vector Display .......................................................................................... 7-23
Chapter 8 Motor Evaluation (Option)
8.1 Inputting Signals of Rotating Speed and Torque.............................................................. 8-1
8.2 Selecting the Input Range of the Revolution and Torque Signals and the Synchronization
Source .............................................................................................................................. 8-3
8.3 Selecting the Line Filter ................................................................................................... 8-6
8.4 Setting the Scaling Factor, the Pulse Count, and Unit Used to Measure the Rotating
Speed ............................................................................................................................... 8-7
8.5 Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit Used to Measure the Torque ................................. 8-10
8.6 Setting the Motor’s Number of Poles Used to Compute the Synchronous Speed and the
Slip ................................................................................................................................. 8-12
8.7 Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit Used to Compute the Motor Output ...................... 8-14
8.8 Computing the Motor Efficiency and Total Efficiency ..................................................... 8-16
Chapter 9 Waveform Display
9.1 Retrieving Waveform Display Data .................................................................................. 9-1
9.2 Setting the Time Axis ....................................................................................................... 9-2
9.3 Setting the Trigger ............................................................................................................ 9-4
9.4 Zooming Vertically and Moving the Vertical Position ....................................................... 9-8
9.5 Turning ON/OFF the Waveform Display ........................................................................ 9-11
9.6 Splitting the Screen and Displaying Waveforms ............................................................ 9-13
Contents

xii IM 760101-01E
9.7 Interpolating the Display and Changing the Graticule.................................................... 9-16
9.8 Turning ON/OFF the Scale Value and Waveform Label ................................................ 9-19
9.9 Performing Cursor Measurements ................................................................................. 9-21
Chapter 10 Trend Display
10.1 Retrieving Trend Display Data ....................................................................................... 10-1
10.2 Selecting the Trend Display Target ................................................................................ 10-2
10.3 Turning ON/OFF the Trend Display ............................................................................... 10-6
10.4 Splitting the Screen and Displaying Trends ................................................................... 10-8
10.5 Setting the Time Axis ................................................................................................... 10-10
10.6 Setting the Scale .......................................................................................................... 10-12
10.7 Performing Cursor Measurements ............................................................................... 10-14
10.8 Restarting the Trend .................................................................................................... 10-18
Chapter 11 Storing and Recalling Data and Saving the Stored Data
11.1 Setting the Store Mode .................................................................................................. 11-1
11.2 Setting the Store Count, the Store Interval, and the Store Reservation Time................ 11-3
11.3 Setting the Numerical Data and Waveform Display Data to Be Stored ......................... 11-6
11.4 Storing the Data ........................................................................................................... 11-10
11.5 Saving the Stored Data ................................................................................................ 11-13
11.6 Recalling the Stored Data ............................................................................................ 11-20
Chapter 12 Saving and Loading the Data
12.1 Precautions to Be Taken When Using the Floppy Disk Drive ........................................ 12-1
12.2 Built-in Hard Disk (Option) ............................................................................................. 12-2
12.3 Connecting a SCSI Device ............................................................................................ 12-3
12.4 Changing the SCSI ID Number ...................................................................................... 12-4
12.5 Formatting the Disk ........................................................................................................ 12-6
12.6 Saving Setup Parameters, Waveform Display Data, and Numerical Data................... 12-11
12.7 Saving Screen Image Data .......................................................................................... 12-20
12.8 Loading Setup Parameters .......................................................................................... 12-23
12.9 Specifying the File to Be Displayed, Viewing File Properties, and Changing the File
Attribute ........................................................................................................................ 12-26
12.10 Deleting Files ............................................................................................................... 12-29
12.11 Copying Files ............................................................................................................... 12-32
12.12 Renaming Directories and Files and Creating Directories ........................................... 12-36
Chapter 13 Ethernet Communications (Option)
13.1 Connecting the WT1600 to a PC ................................................................................... 13-1
13.2 Setting the Ethernet Interface (TCP/IP) ......................................................................... 13-2
13.3 Saving Setup, Waveform Display, Numerical, and Image Data to the FTP Server
(FTP Client Function) ..................................................................................................... 13-8
13.4 Outputting the Screen Image to a Network Printer ...................................................... 13-11
13.5 Sending E-mail Messages ........................................................................................... 13-15
13.6 Accessing the WT1600 from a PC or Workstation (FTP Server Function) .................. 13-19
13.7 Checking the Presence of the Ethernet Interface (Option) and the MAC address ...... 13-23
13.8 Setting the FTP Passive Mode and LPR/SMTP Timeout ............................................. 13-24
Chapter 14 Built-in Printer (Option)
14.1 Installing the Paper Roll and Paper Feeding ................................................................. 14-1
14.2 Printing Screen Images .................................................................................................. 14-5
14.3 Printing Numerical Data Lists and Bar Graphs .............................................................. 14-7
Contents

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3
2
1
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
App
Index
Chapter 15 D/A Output and Other Functions
15.1 Setting the D/A Output (Option) ..................................................................................... 15-1
15.2 RGB Video Signal (VGA) Output ................................................................................... 15-9
15.3 Initializing the Settings ................................................................................................. 15-10
15.4 Performing Zero-Level Compensation ......................................................................... 15-12
15.5 Using the NULL Function ............................................................................................. 15-13
15.6 Selecting the Message Language and the Screen Brightness .................................... 15-14
15.7 Setting the Display Color of the Screen ....................................................................... 15-16
15.8 Setting Key Lock .......................................................................................................... 15-19
Chapter 16 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection
16.1 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................. 16-1
16.2 Error Messages and Corrective Actions ......................................................................... 16-2
16.3 Performing a Self-Test ................................................................................................... 16-6
16.4 Checking the System Conditions ................................................................................... 16-8
16.5 Replacing the Power Fuse ............................................................................................. 16-9
16.6 Recommended Replacement Parts ............................................................................. 16-10
Chapter 17 Specifications
17.1 Input ............................................................................................................................... 17-1
17.2 Display ........................................................................................................................... 17-2
17.3 Measurement Functions (Items) during Normal Measurement...................................... 17-3
17.4 Measurement Functions (Items) during Harmonic Measurement .................................. 17-5
17.5 Accuracy ........................................................................................................................ 17-7
17.6 Functions ..................................................................................................................... 17-10
17.7 Input/Output of the Master/Slave Synchronization Signal............................................ 17-16
17.8 External Clock Input ..................................................................................................... 17-16
17.9 RGB Video Signal (VGA) Output ................................................................................. 17-17
17.10 Built-in Floppy Disk ...................................................................................................... 17-17
17.11 Built-in Hard Disk (Option) ........................................................................................... 17-17
17.12 SCSI (Option) ............................................................................................................... 17-17
17.13 Ethernet Interface (Option) .......................................................................................... 17-18
17.14 Built-in Printer (Option) ................................................................................................ 17-18
17.15 GP-IB Interface ............................................................................................................17-18
17.16 Serial (RS-232) Interface ............................................................................................. 17-19
17.17 General Specifications ................................................................................................. 17-19
17.18 External Dimensions .................................................................................................... 17-21
Appendix
Appendix 1 Symbols and Determination of Measurement Functions ..................................App-1
Appendix 2 Determination of Delta Computation .................................................................App-6
Appendix 3 List of Initial Settings and Display Order of Numerical Data .............................App-8
Appendix 4 ASCII Header File Format ...............................................................................App-14
Appendix 5 Power Basics
(Power/Harmonics/Three Constants Related to the AC Circuit) ..................... App-17
Index
Contents

1-1
IM 760101-01E
Explanation of Functions
1
Chapter 1 Explanation of Functions
1.1 System Configuration and Block Diagram
System Configuration
SCSI interface
(option)
Built-in printer (option)
Prints screen image/
numerical data list
PC CRT
Numerical data
Waveform display data
Screen image data and stored data
Printer
Floppy disk
External
SCSI
device
CT Current
sensor
Input
element
Current
(Input any one)
PT
Voltage
(Input either one)
Item under measurement
PC
External clock input
Setup parameters
Setup parameters
Setup parameters
Numerical data
Waveform display data
Screen image data
Stored data
Setup parameters
Numerical data
Waveform display data
Screen image data
Stored data
Setup parameters
* Conforms to EIA-574 (9-pin EIA-232(RS-232)).
RGB video signal (VGA) output
Image signal
D/A output (option)
Outputs measured
values using analog
voltage
Torque
meter
Revolution
sensor
Measurement start
Measurement stop
Master/slave
sync signal
Internal memory
Stores numerical data/
waveform display data
Recalls numerical data/waveform
display data
Built-in hard disk (option)
Saves stored data,
Saves setup parameters/
numerical data/
waveform display data/
screen image data
GP-IB/serial*
interface
Numerical data
Waveform display data
Screen image data
Stored data
Numerical data
Waveform display data
Ethernet (option)
interface
Motor evaluation
(option)

1-2 IM 760101-01E
Block Diagram
COUNTER
CPU
ROM
DRAM
SRAM
6.4”
LCD
GP-IB
or
Serial
PRINTER
(option)
HDD
(option)
I/O
D/A
(option)
10BASE-T
(option)
CPU
G.A
Display
G.A .
KEY&
LED
DSP
SCSI
(option)
DSP
ELEMENT1
ZERO
DET.
ZERO
DET.
ELEMENT2~6
PEAK
DET.
A/D
A/D
PEAK
DET.
DSP
MOTOR(option)
ZERO
DET.
PEAK
DET.
A/D
A/D
PEAK
DET.
PHOTO
ISO.
U
±
I
±
EXT
TORQUE
SPEED
RTC
PLL
FDD
Line
Filter Zero
Cross
Filter
Zero
Cross
Filter
Line
Filter
Line
Filter
Line
Filter
Signal Flow and Process
The input circuits, Elements 1 through 6, consist of a voltage input circuit and a current
input circuit. The input circuits are mutually isolated. They are also isolated from the case.
The voltage signal that is applied to the voltage input terminal (U, ± ) is normalized using the
voltage divider of the voltage input circuit and an operational amplifier (OP AMP). It is then
isolated by the transformer and input to a voltage A/D converter.
The current input circuit is equipped with two types of input terminals, a current input terminal
(I, ± ) and a current sensor input connector (EXT). Either one can be used at any given time.
The voltage signal from the current sensor that received the signal at the current sensor input
connector is normalized using the voltage divider and an operational amplifier (OP AMP). It is
then isolated by the transformer and input to a current A/D converter. The current signal that is
applied to the current input terminal is converted to a voltage by a current divider. Then, it is input
to the current A/D converter in the same fashion as the voltage signal from the current sensor.
During normal measurement, the voltage signal that is input to the voltage A/D converter or
current A/D converter is converted to digital values at an interval of approximately 5 µs.
The measured value is derived using a DSP based on the converted digital values.
During harmonic measurement, the applied voltage signal is converted to digital values at
an interval that is an integer multiple of the PLL source signal (cycle of the clock generated
by the PLL circuit). The measured value of each item of harmonic measurement is derived
by performing an FFT based on the converted digital values using a DSP.
The measured value is transmitted to the CPU. Various computed values are
determined from the measured values. These measured values and computed values
are displayed, output through a D/A output, or output through communications.
When waveform display data is not being retrieved during normal measurement, the DSP
and CPU processes are pipelined, and the DSP process is executed in real-time.
Therefore, measurements with few data dropouts can be achieved against the input signal.
1.1 System Configuration and Block Diagram

1-3
IM 760101-01E
Explanation of Functions
1
1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement
Period
Types of Measurement Functions during Normal Measurement
The data (numerical data) of measurement functions during normal measurement is
measured or computed from the sampled data*1 described later in “Measurement
Period.”
*1 The WT1600 samples the instantaneous values of the voltage and current signals at a
specified sample rate*2. The sampled data is processed as numerical data or data used to
display waveforms on the screen (waveform display data).
*2 Sample rate represents the number of data points that are sampled within 1 s. For example,
at a sample rate of 200 kS/s, 200000 data points are sampled every second.
•Types of Measurement Functions
•Measurement functions on each input element
The following 29 types of measurement functions are available. For details on the
determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1.
U (voltage Urms, Umn, Udc, Uac), I (current Irms, Imn, Idc, Iac), P (active power),
S (apparent power), Q (reactive power), λ(power factor), φ(phase difference), fU/fI
(also expressed as fU: FreqU and fI: FreqI, measures the frequencies of up to
three voltage/current signals), U+pk/U-pk (maximum/minimum values of voltage),
I+pk/I-pk(maximum/minimum values of current), CfU/CfI(crest factor of voltage/
current), FfU/FfI (form factor of voltage/current), Z (impedance of the load circuit),
Rs/Xs (resistance/reactance of the load circuit that has a resistor R, inductor L, and
capacitor C connected in series), Rp/Xp (resistance/reactance of the load circuit
that has a R, L, and C connected in parallel), Pc (Corrected Power)
•Measurement functions of the average or sum of input elements (Σfunctions)
The following 19 types of measurement functions are available. For details on the
determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1.
UΣ(voltage average UrmsΣ, UmnΣ, UdcΣ, UacΣ), IΣ(current average IrmsΣ, ImnΣ,
IdcΣ, IacΣ), PΣ(sum of active powers), SΣ(sum of apparent powers), QΣ(sum of
reactive powers), λΣ (power factor average), φΣ (phase difference average), ZΣ
(impedance average of the load circuit), RsΣ/XsΣ(average of the resistance/
reactance of the load circuit that has a R, L, and C connected in series), RpΣ/XpΣ
(average of the resistance/reactance of the load circuit that has a R, L, and C
connected in parallel), PcΣ(sum of Corrected Powers)
•Efficiency (Σfunctions)
η(Efficiency 1), 1/η(Efficiency 2). See “Efficiency” on the next page.
•Measurement functions of integration
See section 1.6.

1-4 IM 760101-01E
Determining the Voltage and Current
There are four types of measurement functions for voltage (U) and current (I).
•Urms, Irms (true rms value)
These values are the true rms values of the voltage and current. The
instantaneous values over one period are squared and averaged. Then, the
square root of the value is determined. f(t) and T represent the input signal as a
function of time and the period of the input signal, respectively.
Urms or Irms = 1
T0
T
f(t)2dt
• Umn, Imn (rectified mean value calibrated to the rms value)
This function rectifies one period of the voltage or current signal, determines the average,
and multiplies the result by a coefficient. The coefficient is a value that when applied to a
sinusoidal input signal, gives the true rms value. When the input signal is a distorted or is a
DC waveform, these values will differ from the true rms values. f(t) and T represent the
input signal as a function of time and the period of the input signal, respectively.
Umn or Imn =
π
22•1
T
0
T
f(t) dt
•Udc, Idc (simple average)
These are the average values over one period of the voltage and current signal.
This function is useful when determining the average value of a DC input signal or
a DC component that is superimposed on an AC input signal.
Udc or Idc =
1
T0
T
f(t) dt
•Uac, Iac (AC component)
These are the AC components of the voltage and current. They are the square
root values of the difference of the square of the true rms values of the input signal
and the square of the DC component.
Uac =
Urms2– Udc2
or Iac =
Irms
2 – Idc 2
Element
Element refers to a set of input terminals that can input a single phase of voltage and
current to be measured. The WT1600 can contain up to six elements, which are
numbered from 1 to 6. The element number is appended to the symbols that were
defined in the earlier section, “Measurement functions on each input element” so that
the correspondence between the numerical data and the element can be seen. For
example, “Urms1” represents the true rms value of the voltage of element 1.
Wiring System
The selectable patterns of wiring systems vary depending on the number of input elements
that are installed in the instrument. You may be able to select only a single type of wiring
system or two or three types of wiring systems. When two or more types of wiring systems
are selected, “A”, “B”, or “C” is appended to the symbols that were defined in the earlier
section “Measurement functions of the average or sum of input elements (Σfunctions)” so
that the correspondence between the numerical data and the wiring unit can be seen.
For example, “UrmsΣA” represents the true rms value of the average of the voltage of
the input elements that are assigned to wiring unit ΣA
Efficiency
η(efficiency 1) is determined by the equation (PΣB)/(PΣA) ×100; 1/η(efficiency 2) is
determined by the equation (PΣA)/(PΣB) ×100. You can create an equation using
user-defined functions to determine efficiencies other than the above two. In addition,
on models with the motor evaluation function (option), ηmA((Pm)/(PΣA) ×100) and
ηmB((Pm)/(PΣB) ×100) can be determined.
1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

1-5
IM 760101-01E
Explanation of Functions
1
Types of Measurement Functions during Harmonic Measurement
The data (numerical data) of measurement functions during harmonic measurement is
measured or computed from the sampled data*1 described later in “Measurement Period.”
*See the description of the sampled data in the earlier section “Types of Measurement
Functions during Normal Measurement.”
Types of Harmonic Measurement Functions
•Harmonic measurement functions on each input element
The following 28 types of harmonic measurement functions are available. For
details on the determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1.
dc
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Always 0
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
k
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
All
(No ( ))
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
U( )
I( )
P( )
S( )
Q( )
λ( )
φ( )
φU( )
φI( )
Z( )
Rs( )
Xs( )
Rp( )
Xp( )
Uhdf( )
Ihdf( )
Phdf( )
Uthd
Ithd
Pthd
Uthf
Ithf
Utif
Itif
hvf
hcf
fU
fI
Chars and Numbers inside ( )
Measurement
Function
Yes: Numerical data exists
No: Numerical data does
not exist
•The meaning of measurement functions with parentheses varies depending on
the characters or numbers that are inside the parentheses as follows:
•dc: Indicates numerical data of the DC component.
•1: Indicates numerical data of the fundamental signal.
• k: Indicates numerical data from 2nd to Nth order harmonics. N is the upper limit of
harmonic order under analysis (see section 17.6). The upper limit is determined
automatically (maximum is 100) by the frequency of the PLL source.
•All: No parentheses are appended after the measurement function. Indicates
numerical data related to all waveforms including the fundamental and harmonics.
• Uhdf to hcf are measurement functions that indicate characteristics specific to
the harmonics. For details on the determination of the measurement functions,
see appendix 1.
•The frequency of up to three signals including the signals selected for the PLL source
as fU (FreqU: voltage frequency) or fI (FreqI: current frequency) can be measured.
1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period