Acuity AR100 Super Compact Laser Sensor User manual

2 AR100 Operation Manual
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AR100 Operation Manual i
Procedures for Obtaining Warranty Service
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applicable warranty period. Schmitt Industries will not accept any
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This manual copyright © 2022, Schmitt Industries, Inc.

ii AR100 Operation Manual
User’s Manual for the
AR100™ Series Laser Sensor
Rev.2.0.2
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 General Overview....................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Definition of Terms ..................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Quick Start Instructions............................................................................................... 2
1.3.1 Mounting................................................................................................................. 2
1.3.2 Serial Data Wires.................................................................................................... 3
1.3.2.1RS232 serial........................................................................................................... 3
1.3.2.2 RS485 serial........................................................................................................... 3
1.3.3 Analog Output Signals ............................................................................................ 3
2. General Description............................................................................................................ 4
2.1 Principles of Operation ............................................................................................... 4
2.2 Mechanical Dimensions.............................................................................................. 5
2.3 Installation .................................................................................................................. 5
2.4 Laser Safety ............................................................................................................... 6
2.5 Sensor Maintenance................................................................................................... 7
2.6 Sensor Service ........................................................................................................... 7
2.7 Sensor Specifications ................................................................................................. 7
3. Installation and Checkout ................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Mounting..................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Cabling for sensor unit................................................................................................ 8
3.2.1 Standalone Cabling ................................................................................................ 8
3.2.2 Serial Connection to a Host Computer.................................................................... 9
3.3Power On ................................................................................................................... 9
3.3.1 Serial Communications Check ...............................................................................10
3.3.2 Sensor Output Check.............................................................................................10
4. Signal and Power Interface ...............................................................................................11

AR100 Operation Manual iii
4.1 Sensor Cable, Wire Colors and Functions .................................................................11
4.2 Power Supply (Red, Brown).......................................................................................11
4.3 RS232 / RS485 Serial Comm. (Green, Yellow)..........................................................12
4.4 Analog Output (Blue, Grey)........................................................................................12
4.4.1 Current Loop..........................................................................................................13
4.4.2 Voltage Output.......................................................................................................13
4.5 Logic Outputs (Pink, Grey).........................................................................................14
5. Serial Interface Operation..................................................................................................15
5.1 Binary Communications Protocol and Syntax ............................................................15
5.1.1 Request .................................................................................................................15
5.1.2 Answer ..................................................................................................................16
5.1.3 Data Stream ..........................................................................................................17
5.1.4 Saving to Non-Volatile (FLASH) Memory...............................................................17
5.1.5Recover AR100 Factory Settings...........................................................................17
5.2ASCII Communications Protocol................................................................................17
5.2.1 Saving to Non-Volatile (FLASH) Memory...............................................................17
5.2.2 Recover AR100 Factory Settings...........................................................................17
6. Analog Output Operation...................................................................................................18
6.1 Analog Output ON/OFF .............................................................................................18
6.2 Analog Output Mode..................................................................................................18
6.3 Analog Output Working Range ..................................................................................19
7. Logic Interface(s) Operation ..............................................................................................20
7.1 Binary Communication
...............................................................................................20
7.2 ASCII Communication ...............................................................................................21
8. Performance Optimization .................................................................................................22
8.1 Baud Rate .................................................................................................................22
8.2 Laser ON/OFF ...........................................................................................................22
8.3 Network Address .......................................................................................................22
8.4 Zero Point..................................................................................................................23
8.5 Sampling Mode..........................................................................................................23
8.6 Sampling Period ........................................................................................................23
8.6.1 Output Rate ...........................................................................................................24
8.7 Maximum Integration Time ........................................................................................24
8.8 Results Lock..............................................................................................................25
8.9 Results Averaging Mode............................................................................................25

iv AR100 Operation Manual
8.9.1 Averaging Configuration ........................................................................................26
9. Demo and Configuration Software.....................................................................................27
9.1 Program Setup ..........................................................................................................27
9.2 Connecting to the sensor (RS232/RS485) .................................................................27
9.3 Sensor Operation ......................................................................................................28
9.4 Display and Archiving of Data....................................................................................29
9.5 Setting and Saving Sensor Parameters .....................................................................30
9.5.1 Setting Parameters ................................................................................................30
9.5.2 Saving Parameters ................................................................................................31
9.5.3 Saving and Writing a Group of Parameters............................................................31
9.6 Factory Reset ............................................................................................................31
10. Serial Command Quick Reference ................................................................................32
10.1 Binary Communication Reference .............................................................................32
10.2 ASCII Communications Reference ............................................................................35

AR100 Operation Manual 1
1. Introduction
This section is a guide to getting started with the AR100 and this manual. The
AR100 has a number of configurable parameters, but many applications can use
the sensor in its default factory configuration. This manual contains information
for a variety of AR100 sensor configurations that can be ordered from Acuity.
Your specific AR100 model may not have all interfaces and functions described in
this manual.
The recommended order for reading the manual is:
•General Overview – Gives a brief understanding of the sensor operation.
•Operating Guidelines – Provides a few important safety tips.
•Definition of Terms – An aid for proper communication.
•Quick Start Instructions – This should provide the information necessary to
connect the sensor and verify its operation, either with a serial terminal
program at 9600 baud, or by connecting the current loop or Alarm Output
interface.
•General Description – Gives important laser, operation, mechanical, and
mounting information.
•Installation and Checkout – Tailor the application. Use the other chapters
for reference:
Signal and Power Interface – how to hook everything up
Serial Interface Operation – modes, formats, bias
Analog Output Operation – current loop, voltage, scaling
Alarm Output Operation – alarm settings
Performance Optimization – Sample Rate, Background Elimination,
Exposure control
AR100 Command Set – explains all commands for customizing the
application
1.1 General Overview
The AR100 is a triangulation sensor that measures distance using a laser beam,
a camera, and a microprocessor. A variety of models are specified, each to
allow a different measurement range, communications interface, and laser
diode option. Models vary in range from 10 to 500 mm. Interface options
include RS232, RS485, 4-20mA, and 0-10V.
The accuracy is generally specified with a linearity of about +/- 0.05% of the
range.
A variety of configuration settings can be selected via the serial port. The
complete list of settings is found in the AR100 Command Set chapter and each
setting is discussed in detail in a specific operation chapter.
The Sample Rate can be specified and the sensor has capability above 9400
samples per second. Several other configurable parameters enhance the
performance. Sampling may be turned on and off. It can even be triggered
using an input signal wire or a serial command. After making changes to the

2 AR100 Operation Manual
configuration, it may be viewed, saved in non-volatile memory, and restored.
At power-on the sensor uses the most recently saved configuration settings.
Do not attempt to disassemble the sensor or loosen any screws.
Improper disassembly will destroy the optical alignment of the sensor and
necessitate factory repairs.
Do not operate the sensor in areas Where: the sensor case is exposed
to direct sunlight for extended periods or Where: the air temperature
is more than 50°C (122°F) or less than -10°C (-14°F).
Don’t allow fast temperature variations during sensor operation.
Avoid excessive vibration and shocks. The sensor contains securely
mounted but precisely aligned optical components.
Do not operate the sensor if the lens is fogged or dirty.
Do not scratch the lenses on the front face of the sensor. Keep the
lenses clean with expert optical procedures. The lenses are glass with an anti-
reflection coating. Avoid the use of organic cleaning solvents.
Do not touch the lenses with bare fingers. The oils are very difficult to
remove.
Operate only with DC supply voltages between 9 and 36 volts.
1.2 Definition of Terms
Sensor – The complete AR100 measurement device.
Target – The object of measurement. The relative distance from the sensor to
the target is measured by the sensor.
Laser, Laser beam – This bright light is emitted from the sensor, reflected from
the target, and collected by the camera lens. For the AR100, it is visible
(Red or Blue) radiation.
<Range> – The maximum relative distance measurable by the sensor.
Base Distance – The distance from the face of the laser to the start of the
measurement window (range).
1.3 Quick Start Instructions
This will get the sensor running in its factory default configuration.
Only one output type (Serial or Analog) is needed to indicate sensor operation.
1.3.1 Mounting
Quick suggestion: Lay the sensor on the floor or a table. It may need to be
held in place with a clamp or a weight. Orient the laser so that the laser is
not obstructed. Use a piece of paper such as a business card to insert into
the beam to use as a measurement target. The laser should be aimed at a
target such that the distance from the reference point to the target can be
measured.
Mount the sensor in such a way that the case is not twisted or warped. The
AR100 can be screwed on using two fastening screws φ2.8. The fastening
screws are not included in the scope of delivery.

AR100 Operation Manual 3
Attach the cable(s) 8-pin connector to the plug(s) on the rear of the sensor.
Connect the red (Supply +) and brown (Ground) wires of the sensor cable
to a 9 to 36 volt DC power supply (or use the power supply if the sensor
came with one).
1.3.2 Serial Data Wires
The serial connection is required to set up a unit for operation. If not using
the Acuity Connectivity kit which includes a serial cable, the customer must
make their own D-sub 9 serial connector
1.3.2.1 RS232 serial
Connect the RS232 wires to a 9 pin D-SUB male connector that can be
plugged into a COM port of a PC (RS232): Gray (Ground) to pin 5, Green
(Transmit) to pin 2, and Yellow (Receive) to pin 3. See section 3.2.2.
Use the Demo and Configuration Software (see Section 9) to connect to
the sensor via the serial port and get distance measurements.
1.3.2.2 RS485 serial
Connect the RS485 wires to a RS485 adapter connected to a PC COM port
Gray (Ground) to pin 5, Green (Data+) to pin 2, and Yellow (Data -) to pin
3. See section 3.2.2.
Follow the same instructions for RS232 serial above.
1.3.3 Analog Output Signals
Quick suggestion: connect a DVM (digital volt meter) to the wires: Gray to
Common, Blue to mA input. Type QA. The output is a 4-20mA current loop
from 0 to the maximum range. The meter should read near 4 mA when a
target is placed in the laser beam near 0 mm and 20 mA near the end of
the range

4 AR100 Operation Manual
2. General Description
The AR100 is an ultra-compact laser diode-based distance measurement sensor
with available ranges covering 10 to 500 mm. Consult the AR100 data sheet for
exact model range availabilities. The accuracy is generally specified with an
absolute linearity of +/- 0.05% of the range with a resolution of 0.01% of the
span for ranges up to the 250 mm model, and an absolute linearity of +/- 0.10%
of the span with a resolution of 0.02% of the span for the 500 mm range model.
Linearity will vary depending on sample averaging, temperature, target stability
and surface reflectivity of the target surface. The AR100 laser sensors can be
ordered with a variety of red or blue laser diodes and a variety of data interfaces.
The sensor can be triggered externally and also has logic outputs to trigger alarms,
etc.
2.1 Principles of Operation
The AR100 uses laser triangulation principles to measure distance. The laser
beam is projected from the housing’s aperture and shines on a target surface,
where it creates a small spot. From there, the laser light is scattered in all
directions for diffuse surfaces (mirrors reflect the light specularly). A collection
lens is located behind a window in the sensor. It collects a portion of the
reflected light, which is focused on a CMOS detector array. The linear position
of this reflected spot is converted to an electrical signal which is proportional
to the target distance relative to the sensor. The position is processed and
communicated via serial, analog, or digital interfaces.

AR100 Operation Manual 5
2.2 Mechanical Dimensions
The following diagram shows the mechanical dimensions for the AR100. The
sensor’s housing is made of anodized aluminum. The front panel of the housing
has a glass window. The housing also contains mounting holes. The cable is
mounted on the sensor without connector.
2.3 Installation
The AR100 sensor unit is typically installed by affixing the sensor to a machined
bracket with bolts through the two mounting holes on the side of the sensor.
Their location is shown in the mechanical drawing in the previous section. Note
that the zero point is NOT the glass window, but instead a distance from the
glass window called the base distance. Most brackets will have adjustment
capabilities so the AR100’s laser can be aimed in X, Y and Z coordinates.

6 AR100 Operation Manual
2.4 Laser Safety
The sensors make use of a constant 660 nm or 405 nm wavelength
semiconductor laser. The maximum output power is 0.95 mW. The sensors
belong to laser safety class 2. The following warning label is placed on the
sensor body:
The following safety measures should be taken while operating the sensor:
· Do not disassemble the sensor;
· Avoid staring into the laser beam.
Caution – Use of controls or adjustments or performance of
procedures other than those specified herein may result in
hazardous radiation exposure.
2.5 Identification Label
The following identification label is placed on the sensor body. It shows the
part number, date of manufacture, and the serial number of the sensor.
2.6 Label Location
The laser safety and identification labels are attached to the sensor in
locations illustrated by the following diagram:

AR100 Operation Manual 7
2.7 Sensor Maintenance
The AR100 sensor and module require little maintenance from the user. The
sensor lens should be kept clean of dust buildup as a part of regular
preventative maintenance. Use compressed air to blow dirt off the windows or
use delicate tissue wipes. Do not use any organic cleaning solvents on the
sensor. If your sensor does not function according to specifications, contact
Schmitt Industries, Inc. Do not attempt to loosen any screws or open the
sensor housing.
2.8 Sensor Service
The AR100 sensor is not user-serviceable. Refer all service questions to
Schmitt Industries, Inc. Do not attempt to loosen any screws or open the
sensor housing.
2.9 Sensor Specifications
Units in mm unless noted.
Model AR100
-10
-25
-50
-100
-250
500
Base distance X, mm
20
20
30
55
65
105
Range, mm
10
25
50
100
250
500
Linearity (digital), %
±0.05 % of the Full-Scale range
±0.1 %
Linearity (analog), %
0.1% of the range
Resolution, %
0.01 % of the Full-Scale range (for digital output)
0.02%
Temperature drift
0.02% range/°C
Maximal sampling rate, Hz
9,400 Hz
Light source
Red semiconductor laser, 660 nm wavelength or
UV semiconductor laser 405 nm wavelength (BLUE version)
Output power, mV
≤1
Laser safety Class
2 (IEC60825-1)
Output
Interface
Digital
RS232 (max. 460.8 kbit/s) or RS485 (max. 460.8 kbit/s)
Analog
4- 20 mA (load ≤500 Ohm) or 0-10 Volts
Trigger input
2.4 - 24 V (CMOS, TTL)
Logical output
Programmed functions, NPN: 100 mA max; 40 V max for output
Power supply, V
24 (9 - 36) Volts
Power consumption, W
1.5 - 2.0 Watts
Environmental
Resistance
Enclosure rating
IP67
Vibration
20g/10 ... 1000Hz, 6 hours, for each of XYZ axes
Shock
30 g / 6 ms
Operation
temperature, °C
-10 - +50 °C
Permissable Ambient
light, lx
10,000
Relative humidity
5-95% (no condensation)
Storage temperature
-20 - +60, °C
Housing material
aluminum, glass windows
Weight (without cable)
40 grams
Size, mm
17x45x30.5
Note: Specifications may change with future revisions.

8 AR100 Operation Manual
3. Installation and Checkout
3.1 Mounting
Mount the sensor in such a way that the case not twisted or warped. Do not
clamp or squeeze the sensor case excessively. If the case is distorted, the
sensitivity and accuracy of the sensor may be affected.
3.2 Cabling for sensor unit
The AR100 sensor has a multipurpose cable with 8 conductors (included).
The standard cable is LiYCY (TP) a flexible, overall shielded, PVC twisted-pair
data transmission cable for use in flexible and stationary applications under
low mechanical stress with free movement without any tensile stress, loads or
forced movements in dry, damp and wet conditions. The twisted pair
construction reduces interference (crosstalk) within the cable while the tinned
copper braid shield offers optimum protection from electrical and
electromagnetic interference. The AR100 is not suggested for outdoor use.
The standard cable length is 5m in length. Longer cable lengths are available
upon request. Connection according to the instructions is essential for correct
sensor operation. Read the wire descriptions in Section 4.1 for connection
information.
3.3 Standalone Cabling
To use the AR100 sensor unit without a serial connection to a host computer,
the only connections necessary are the power and ground wires, the analog
output wires, and optionally the alarm output wire connecting to your data
display, recording, or control equipment. See Signal and Power Interface
(section 4) for wire connections. In its default configuration, the AR100 should
stream measurement distances on power-up.
In 4-20mA analog output mode, the best accuracy and linearity for the current
loop is obtained with a 500-ohm load to current loop return at the
measurement point. To reduce noise, it is recommended to install RC (resistor-
capacitor) filter before the measuring instrument. The filter capacitor value is
indicated (in section 4.4) for maximum sampling frequency of the sensor (9.4
kHz) and this value increases in proportion to the frequency reduction. An out-
of-range current indicates a sensor measurement error.
The alarm output wire can be used to connect to control equipment.

AR100 Operation Manual 9
3.3.1 Serial Connection to a Host Computer
The simplest way to connect the AR100 sensor to a PC for initial
configuration or regular distance measuring is with the use of an Acuity
Connectivity Kit. This is a sealed connection box which contains terminal
blocks for each wire lead. It also has an AC power supply and a 2m RS232
serial cable for connection to a PC. There is also a version that includes a
serial-to-USB connector. Without the Acuity connectivity kit, the user must
connect a DB9 plug to the cable using the directions below.
Each AR100 is configured for either RS232 or RS485 serial
communications. Please be sure to confirm the serial communication
standard used by the control system you intend to use before ordering. If
you have an AR100 with the incorrect standard for your application, a
third-party converter will be necessary.
RS232: An AR100 with the RS232 option can be wired directly to a 9-pin
D-sub serial connector using the table below.
Wire Color
Function
DB9 pin #
Gray
Ground
5
Green
TxD / Data+
2
Yellow
RxD / Data -
3
To connect the AR100 this way to a modern PC, you will likely need a serial
to USB converter. Acuity recommends using a converter that contains an
FTDI chip. Contact Acuity for this option.
RS485: To wire an AR100 with the RS485 option to a 9-pin serial
connector, please refer to the wire functionality chart in section 4 for
details.
3.4 Power On
Connect a power supply to the power and ground lines of the sensor cable.
The AR100 can operate with a power supply supplying 9-36 volts. Acuity
recommends a 15 or 24 volt power supply. See Signal and Power Interface
(section 4) for wire connections. Only the power and ground need be connected
for operation in addition to the serial interface.
When power is applied the laser beam will be emitted from the round sensor
window.

10 AR100 Operation Manual
3.4.1 Serial Communications Check
If no information is received over the serial port, check the power supply
and serial wire connections. The sensor may be in a configuration that
prevents serial communication, such as being set at the wrong baud rate
or is in a polling mode.
Use the Demo and Configuration Software to restore the unit to factory
defaults. Otherwise, the 04h command will restore factory defaults to the
device.
3.4.2 Sensor Output Check
If the sensor output value is in error, check that the sensor and target are
stationary and stable and that the laser beam is hitting the target.
The sensor may need to warm up for 5-10 minutes before reaching
full accuracy. Leave it on for a few minutes and re-check the sensor
accuracy.

AR100 Operation Manual 11
4. Signal and Power Interface
4.1 Sensor Cable, Wire Colors and Functions
The AR100 sensor includes a hardwired cable (sensor cable) with solder
tail wires. Connection according to the instructions is essential for correct
sensor operation. Read the wire descriptions for connection information.
The table below shows the wiring on systems ordered without a power
supply.
Wire
Function in All Modes
White
Trigger Input
Brown
Ground (Power)
Green
TxD (Data +)
Yellow
RxD (Data -)
Gray
Ground (Signal common)
Pink
Logic Output (programmable)
Blue
Analog output (current loop / voltage)
Red
Power, Voltage in
4.2 Power Supply (Red, Brown)
The Brown wire is the Power Supply Common return, also named Ground.
It carries the return current for the power supply.
The Red wire is the Power Supply Input to the sensor. The sensor requires
+9 - 36 VDC power and consumes 1.5 – 2 Watts of power (< 250mA
draw) depending on the sensor’s configuration.
Power supplies from 9 VDC to 36 VDC may be used. Higher voltages will
result in excessive current drawn by the over-voltage protection circuitry
and may cause permanent damage. Voltages less than 9 VDC may result
in inaccurate measurement readings or non-functionality.

12 AR100 Operation Manual
4.3 RS232 / RS485 Serial Comm. (Green, Yellow)
Your sensor is configured with either RS232 or RS485 communications
See Serial Interface Operation (section 5) for information on commands
and data.The maximum baud rate is 921.6 KBaud for both RS232 and
RS485.
RS232: RS232 is normally used for shorter distances of communications
and slower data rates. RS232 allows only one transmitter and one
receiver per network. A standard 9-pin D-SUB RS232 serial female
connector can be built to interface with a PC or a serial to USB converter
using connection the pins below.
Color
Pin on DSUB 9
connector
Function
Green
2
Transmit data from sensor
Yellow
3
Receive data to sensor
Gray
3
Signal ground reference
N /C
1, 4, 6
DCD, DTE, DCE – These three signals
can be tied together to satisfy some PC
signal requirements for hardware
handshake.
N / C
7, 8
CTS, RTS – These two signals can be
tied together to satisfy some PC signal
requirements for hardware handshake.
RS485: RS485 is normally used for longer distances of communications
and faster data rates. Multiple devices can share one line because RS485
is multi-drop. If you do not have a computer or controller or PLC that
supports RS485 communications, it may be necessary to use a
commercial RS485 to RS232 converter.
4.4 Analog Output (Blue, Grey)
Your sensor is configured with either 4-20mA current loop or 0-10V
voltage analog output.
The Grey wire is the return signal for the Analog Output. It is connected
to ground inside the sensor and should not be connected to
ground outside the sensor. Inadvertently connecting it to ground may
cause a reduction in accuracy of the analog output. The analog signal for
distance is a 4-20 mA current loop or 0-10V signal.
In Current Loop / Voltage Blue wire delivers a current (or voltage for
sensor ordered with Voltage output) proportional to the measured
distance. The resolution is characterized by a 12-bit digital-to-analog
converter.

AR100 Operation Manual 13
4.4.1 Current Loop
The current loop connection scheme is shown in the Figure 3. The value of
load resistor should not be higher than 500 Ohms. To reduce noise, it is
recommended to install an RC (resistor / capacitor) filter before the
measuring instrument. The filter capacitor value is indicated for maximum
sampling frequency of the sensor (9.4 kHz) and this value increases in
proportion to the frequency reduction.
Figure 1 Wiring Diagram for Current Loop output
4.4.2 Voltage Output
The voltage output connection scheme is shown in the. To reduce noise, it
is recommended to install an RC (resistor / capacitor) filter before the
measuring instrument. The filter capacitor value is indicated for maximum
sampling frequency of the sensor (9.4 kHz) and this value increases in
proportion to the frequency reduction.
Figure 2 Wiring Diagram for Voltage output

14 AR100 Operation Manual
4.5 Logic Outputs (Pink, Grey)
The Pink wire is a multi-purpose logic output / interface that can operate
in eight distinct modes. The functionality can be configured according to
the instructions in section 7 . Functions include distance alarms, multi-
sensor synchronization, setting of Zero Point via hardware control,
encoder input, and control of the laser ON / OFF state.
See Alarm Output Operation (section 7) for operation options and details.
The Logic Output is an open collector NPN transistor switch to the Ground
for Signal (Grey). When the Alarm Output is not active, its output will be
high impedance and no current will flow through it. When the Alarm
Output is active (On) it can source up to 100mA of current. The voltage
on the Alarm wire must not exceed 24 VDC.
Distance Alarms
Multi-sensor Synchronization
Zero point set / Laser On / Off
control
Figure 3 Wiring Diagram
for Distance Alarms
Figure 4 Wiring Diagram
for Multi-sensor
synchronization
Figure 5 Wiring Diagram for
Zero point control and Laser
On / Off
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