Adaptec 4000SAS User manual

Installation and
User’s Guide
SAS, SATA, and SCSI
RAID Controllers

●2
Copyright
©2005 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenconsentof
Adaptec, Inc., 691 South Milpitas Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035.
Trademarks
Adaptec, Adaptec Storage Manager, and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec,
Inc., whichmay be registered in some jurisdictions.
Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the US and other
countries, used under license.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Changes
The material in this document is for information only and is subject to change without
notice. While reasonable efforts have been made in the preparation of this document to
assure its accuracy, Adaptec, Inc. assumes no liability resulting fromerrorsor omissions
in this document, or from the use of the information contained herein.
Adaptec reserves the right to make changes in the product design without reservation
and without notification to its users.
Disclaimer
IF THIS PRODUCT DIRECTS YOU TO COPY MATERIALS, YOU MUST HAVE
PERMISSION FROM THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OF THE MATERIALS TOAVOID
VIOLATING THE LAW WHICH COULD RESULT IN DAMAGES OR OTHER
REMEDIES.

●3
Adaptec Customer Support
If you have questions about installing or using your Adaptec product, check this
document first—you will find answers to most of your questions. If you need further
assistance, use the support options listed below. To expedite your service, have your
computer in front of you.
Technical Support Identification (TSID) Number
●Before contacting Technical Support, you need your unique 12-digit TSID number.
The TSID number identifies your product and support status.
●The TSID number is included on a white, bar-coded label, like this example:
●Affix a copy of the TSID label to the CD jacket so that you don’t lose it.
North America
●Visit ourWeb site at www.adaptec.com.
●Search the Adaptec Support Knowledgebase (ASK) at ask.adaptec.com for articles,
troubleshooting tips, and frequently asked questions for your product.
●For information about Adaptec’s support options, call [phone],
24 hours per day, 7 days per week. To speak with a Technical Support Specialist,
●For Hardware products call [phone],
Monday to Friday, 3:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M., Pacific Time.
●For RAID and Fibre Channel products call [phone],
Monday to Friday, 3:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M., Pacific Time.
●For support via e-mail, submit your question at ask.adaptec.com.
● You can order Adaptec products, including accessories and cables, by calling +1 408-
957-7274.
Or, you can order cables online at www.adaptec.com/buy-cables.
Europe
●Visit ourWeb site at www.adaptec-europe.com.
●German: Call [phone], Monday to Friday, 9:00 to 17:00, CET. For
support via e-mail, submit your question at ask-de.adaptec.com.
●French: Call [phone], Monday to Friday, 9:00 to 17:00, CET. For support
via e-mail, submit your question at ask-fr.adaptec.com.
●English: Call [phone], Monday to Friday, 9:00 to 17:00, GMT. For
support via e-mail, submit your question at ask.adaptec.com.
●You can order Adaptec cables online at www.adaptec.com/buy-cables .
Japan
●Visit ourWeb site at www.adaptec.co.jp.
●Call [phone], Monday–Friday, 9:00 A.M. to 12:00 P.Mand 1:00 P.M. to 6:00
P.M.

●4
Limited 3-Year Hardware Warranty
1. Adaptec, Inc. (“Adaptec”) warrants to the purchaser of this product that it will be free
from defects in material and workmanship for a period of three (3) years from the date
of purchase. If the product should become defective within the warranty period,
Adaptec, at its option, will repair or replace the product, or refund the purchaser’s
purchase price for the product, provided it isdelivered at the purchaser’s expense to an
authorized Adaptec service facility or to Adaptec.
2. Repair or replacement parts or products will be furnished on an exchange basis and will
either be new or reconditioned. All replaced parts or products shall become the property
of Adaptec. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been damaged by accident,
misuse, abuse or as a result of unauthorized service or parts.
3. Warranty service is available to the purchaser by delivering the product during the
warrantyperiod toan authorizedAdaptecservice facility or toAdaptec and providing
proof of purchase price and date. The purchaser shall bear all shipping, packing and
insurance costs and all other costs, excluding labor and parts, necessary to effectuate
repair, replacement or refund under this warranty
.
4. For more information on how to obtain warranty service, write or telephone
Adaptec at 691 South Milpitas Boulevard, Milpitas,CA 95035, [phone].
5. THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCT WHICH
HAS BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT, MISUSE, ABUSE, OR AS A
RESULT OF UNAUTHORIZED SERVICE OR PARTS.
6.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTIES WHICH
NOW OR HEREAFTER MIGHT OTHERWISE ARISE RESPECT TO THIS
PRODUCT. IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THOSE OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-
INFRINGEMENT SHALL (A) HAVE NO GREATER DURATION THAN 3 YEARS
FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE, (B) TERMINATE AUTOMATICALLY AT THE
EXPIRATION OF SUCH PERIOD AND (C) TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
LAW BE EXCLUDED. IN THE EVENT THIS PRODUCT BECOMES DEFECTIVE
DURING THE WARRANTY PERIOD, THE PURCHASER’S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY
SHALL BE REPAIR, REPLACEMENT OR REFUND AS PROVIDED ABOVE.
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT
LIMITATION LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM BREACH OF ANY EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED WARRANTY ARE NOT THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ADAPTEC AND, TO
THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED BOTH FOR
PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND TO THE EXTENT NOT UNCONSCIONABLE, FOR
PERSONAL INJURY DAMAGE
.
7. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER
PRODUCTS, AND SOMESTATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW
LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR
EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
8. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights
which vary from state to state.

●5
Regulatory Compliance Statements
Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement
WARNING: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible
for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can
radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction
manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee
that interference will not occur in a particular installation. However, if this equipment does cause
interference to radio or television equipment reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the
following measures:
■Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
■Increase the separation between equipment and receiver.
■Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
■Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for help.
■Use a shielded and properly grounded I/O cable and power cable to ensure compliance of this
unit to the specified limits of the rules.
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2)
this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
European Union Compliance Statement
This Information Technology Equipment has been tested and found to comply with EMC
Directive 89/336/EEC, as amended by 92/31/EEC and 93/68/EEC, in accordance with:
●EN55022 (1998) Emissions
●EN55024 (1998) Immunity:
– EN61000-4-2 (1998) Electrostatic discharge:±4 kV contact, ±8 kV air
– EN61000-4-3 (1998) Radiated immunity
– EN61000-4-4 (1995) Electrical fast transients/burst: ±1 kV AC, ±0.5 kV I/
O
– EN61000-4-5 (1995) Surges ±1 kV differential mode, ±2 kV common
mode
– EN61000-4-6 (1996) Conducted immunity: 3 V
– EN61000-4-11 (1994) Supply dips and variation: 30% and 100%
In addition, all equipment requiring U.L. listing has been found to comply with EMC
Directive 73/23/EEC as amended by 93/68/EEC in accordance with EN60950 with amendments A1,
A2, A3, A4, A11.
Australian/New Zealand Compliance Statement
This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to the Australian/New Zealand standard AS/NZS 3548 set out by the Spectrum
Management Agency.
Adaptec, Inc.
Tested to Comply
With FCC Standards
FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE
ASR-4000SAS/ASR-4800SAS/ASR-4805SAS
AAR-2420SA/AAR-2820SA
ASR-2130SLP/ASR-2230SLP

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Canadian Compliance Statement
This Class B digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B respecte toutes les exigences du Règlement sur le
matériel brouilleur du Canada.
Japanese Compliance (Voluntary Control Council Initiative)
This equipment complies to class B Information Technology equipment based on VCCI
(Voluntary Control Council for Interface). This equipment is designed for home use but it
may causes radio frequency interference problem if used too near to a television or radio.
Please handle it correctly per this documentation.

Contents
1 About This Guide
What You Need to Know Before You Begin................................13
Terminology Used in this Guide...................................................13
How to Find More Information...................................................14
2 Kit Contents and System Requirements
Kit Contents...................................................................................16
System Requirements....................................................................17
3 About Your RAID Controller
Standard RAID Controller Features.............................................19
Array-level Features................................................................19
Adding Enhanced Features ...........................................................20
Using a Feature Key to Unlock Enhanced Features..............21
Adding a Battery Backup Module.................................................21
Upgrading the Controller Firmware.............................................21
About the Adaptec 4000SAS.........................................................22
About the Adaptec 4800SAS.........................................................23
About the Adaptec 4805SAS.........................................................24
About the Adaptec 2420SA...........................................................25
About the Adaptec 2820SA...........................................................26
About the Adaptec 2130SLP .........................................................27
About the Adaptec 2230SLP .........................................................28
4 Getting Started

Contents ●8
Choosing a RAID Level.................................................................30
Selecting Disk Drives.....................................................................31
Disk Drives for SAS Controllers.............................................31
Disk Drives for SATA Controllers.........................................31
Disk Drives for SCSI Controllers...........................................31
Selecting Cables..............................................................................32
SAS Cables...............................................................................32
SATA Cables............................................................................33
SCSI Cables .............................................................................33
Installation Options.......................................................................34
Basic Installation Steps..................................................................34
Installing with an Operating System......................................34
Installing on an Existing Operating System..........................34
5 Installing the Controller and Disk Drives
Before You Begin...........................................................................36
Installing the Controller................................................................36
Connecting Disk Drives to SAS RAID Controllers......................38
Connecting Directly to the Controller...................................39
Connecting to a System Backplane........................................40
Connecting Disk Drives to SATA RAID Controllers...................41
Connecting Disk Drives to SCSI RAID Controllers....................41
Connecting External Devices........................................................42
Next Steps................................................................................42
6 Creating a Bootable Array
Setting the Boot Controller...........................................................44
Creating an Array ..........................................................................44
Creating an Array with the ACU ...........................................45
Creating an Array with Adaptec Storage Manager ...............47
Making Your Array Bootable........................................................49
7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System
Before You Begin...........................................................................51
Creating a Driver Disk...................................................................51
Installing with Windows...............................................................52
Installing with Red Hat Linux.......................................................53

Contents ●9
Installing with SuSE Linux............................................................53
Installing with NetWare................................................................54
8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System
Before You Begin...........................................................................57
Creating a Driver Disk...................................................................57
Installing on Windows..................................................................58
Installing on Red Hat or SuSE Linux............................................58
Installing on NetWare...................................................................59
9 Managing Your Storage Space
About Adaptec Storage Manager..................................................61
Installing Adaptec Storage Manager......................................61
About the Adaptec RAID Controller Configuration Utility.......62
About the Adaptec RAID Controller Utility................................62
About the Adaptec Flash Utility....................................................63
Which Utility Should I Use?..........................................................63
10 Solving Problems
Troubleshooting Checklist............................................................65
Silencing the Alarm .......................................................................66
Recovering from a Disk Drive Failure..........................................66
Failed Disk Drive Protected by a Hot Spare..........................66
Failed Disk Drive Not Protected by a Hot Spare...................67
Failure in Multiple Arrays Simultaneously............................67
Disk Drive Failure in a RAID 0 Array....................................67
Multiple Failures in the Same Array......................................68
Resetting the Controller................................................................68
A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)
Terminology Used in This Chapter..............................................71
What is SAS? ..................................................................................71
How Do SAS Devices Communicate?..........................................72
What’s a Phy?.................................................................................72
What’s a SAS Port? ........................................................................73
What’s a SAS Address? ..................................................................73
What’s a SAS Connector?..............................................................74

Contents ●10
What do SAS Cables Look Like?...................................................75
How are Disk Drives Identified in SAS?.......................................75
What are the SAS Connection Options? ......................................76
Direct-attach Connections.....................................................76
Backplane Connections..........................................................76
SAS Expander Connections....................................................77
How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI?....................................78
B Understanding RAID
Understanding Drive Segments....................................................80
RAID 0 (Non-RAID Arrays).........................................................80
RAID 1 Arrays................................................................................81
RAID 1 Enhanced Arrays..............................................................82
RAID 10 Arrays..............................................................................83
RAID 5 Arrays................................................................................84
RAID 5EE Arrays...........................................................................85
RAID 50 Arrays..............................................................................86
RAID 6 Arrays................................................................................87
RAID 60 Arrays..............................................................................88
Selecting the Best RAID Level.......................................................89
C Using the Adaptec RAID Controller Utility
Introduction to the Adaptec RAID Controller Utility.................91
Running the Adaptec RAID Controller Utility............................91
Navigating the Adaptec RAID Controller Utility..................91
Using the ACU to Create and Manage Arrays.............................92
Creating a New Array.............................................................92
Managing Existing Arrays ......................................................92
Initializing Disk Drives...........................................................93
Rescanning Disk Drives..........................................................93
Secure Erasing Disk Drives.....................................................94
Using the -Select Utility to Modify Controller Settings...............95
Opening a -Select Utility.........................................................95
Applying Changes and Exiting...............................................95
Modifying Your Controller’s Configuration.........................95
General Controller Settings....................................................96
SAS-specific Controller Settings ............................................97