Agilent Technologies 81630B User manual

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Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and
Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module
User’s Guide

2Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
Notices
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protected by copyright. All rights are reserved.
No part of this document may reproduced in (including
electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a
foreign language) without prior agreement and written
consent from Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH
as governed by United States and international
copywright laws.
Copyright 2001- 2002 by:
Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH
Herrenberger Str. 130
71034 Böblingen
Germany
Subject Matter
The material in this document is subject to change
without notice.
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with regard to this printed material, including, but not
limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability
and fitness for a particular purpose.
Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors
contained herein or for incidental or consequential
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performance, or use of this material.
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New editions are complete revisions of the guide
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between editions. The date on the title page changes
when an updated guide is published. To find out the
current revision of the guide, or to purchase an updated
guide, contact your Agilent Technologies representative.
Control Serial Number: First Edition applies directly to
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warranted against defects in material and workmanship
for a period of one year from date of shipment. During
the warranty period, Agilent will, at its option, either
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Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects
resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by
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Assistance
Product maintenance agreements and other customer
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Technologies products. For any assistance contact your
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Certification
Agilent Technologies Inc. certifies that this product met
its published specifications at the time of shipment from
the factory.
Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration
measurements are traceable to the United States
National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST
(formerly the United States National Bureau of
Standards, NBS) to the extent allowed by the Institutes’s
calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of
other International Standards Organization members.
ISO 9001 Certification
Produced to ISO 9001 international quality system
standard as part of our objective of continually
increasing customer satisfaction through improved
process control.
Second Edition:
81635-90B12
Second Edition:
81635-90B12
January 2002
First Edition:
81635-90034
July 2001

Safety Considerations
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 3
Safety Considerations
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all
phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to
comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in
this manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and
intended use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies Inc. assumes no
liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
Before operation, review the instrument and manual, including the
red safety page, for safety markings and instructions. You must follow
these to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in safe
condition.
WARNING The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure,
practice or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a
WARNING sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and
met.
Safety Symbols
The apparatus will be marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user
to refer to the instruction manual in order to protect the apparatus against
damage.
Initial Inspection
Inspect the shipping container for damage. If there is damage to the
container or cushioning, keep them until you have checked the
contents of the shipment for completeness and verified the instrument
both mechanically and electrically.
The Performance Tests give procedures for checking the operation of
the instrument. If the contents are incomplete, mechanical damage or
defect is apparent, or if an instrument does not pass the operator’s
checks, notify the nearest Agilent Technologies Sales/Service Office.
WARNING To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not perform electrical tests
when there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of the outer
enclosure (covers, panels, etc.).

Safety Considerations
4Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
Line Power Requirements
The Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and
Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module operate when installed in
the Agilent 8163A/B Lightwave Multimeter, Agilent 8164A/B
Lightwave Measurement System, and Agilent 8166A/B Lightwave
Multichannel System.
Operating Environment
The safety information in the Agilent 8163A/B Lightwave Multimeter,
Agilent 8164A/B Lightwave Measurement System, and
Agilent 8166A/B Lightwave Multichannel System User’s Guide
summarizes the operating ranges for the Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B
Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor
Module. In order for these modules to meet specifications, the
operating environment must be within the limits specified for the
Agilent 8163B Lightwave Multimeter, Agilent 8164B Lightwave
Measurement System, and Agilent 8166B Lightwave Multichannel
System.
Storage and Shipment
This module can be stored or shipped at temperatures between
−40°C and +70°C. Protect the module from temperature extremes that
may cause condensation within it.

Contents
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 5
Contents
Safety Considerations 3
Safety Symbols 3
Initial Inspection 3
Line Power Requirements 4
Operating Environment 4
Storage and Shipment 4
Contents 5
Getting Started with Power Sensor Modules 9
What is a Power Sensor Module 11
A Description of the Front Panel 11
Analog Output 11
Optical Input 12
Accessories 13
Modules and Options 15
Connector Interfaces 16
Bare Fiber Adapters 16
Specifications 17
Definition of Terms 18
Averaging Time 18
Linearity 18
Linewidth 19
Noise 19
Power range 19
Reference conditions 20
Relative uncertainty (spectral ripple) due to interference 20
Relative uncertainty due to polarization 20
Return loss: 20
Spectral width of optical source 21
Total uncertainty 21

Contents
6Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
Uncertainty at reference conditions 21
Wavelength Range 21
Power Sensor Specifications (Autorange Mode) 22
Agilent 81635A & 81634B Specification 22
Agilent 81636B & 81637B Specification 24
Agilent 81630B Specification 26
Supplementary Performance Characteristics 28
Analog Output 28
Performance Tests 29
Equipment Required 31
Test Record 32
Test Failure 32
Instrument Specification 32
Performance Test Procedures 32
Accuracy Test 33
Test Setup 33
Linearity Test 35
Test Setup 36
+10 dBm Range 37
0 dBm Range 37
-10 dBm Range 38
-20 dBm Range 38
-30 dBm Range 39
Change Setup 39
-40 dBm Range 39
-50 dBm Range 40
Calculation 40
Example: Measurement Results 41
Calculations 42
Noise Test 43
Return Loss Test 44
Relative Uncertainty due to Polarization (Optional Test) 46
Relative Uncertainty due to Interference (Optional Test) 48
Test Record Sheets 51
Cleaning Instructions 69
Safety Precautions 69
Why is it important to clean optical devices ? 70

Contents
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 7
What do I need for proper cleaning? 71
Standard Cleaning Equipment 71
Dust and shutter caps 71
Isopropyl alcohol 71
Cotton swabs 72
Soft tissues 72
Pipe cleaner 73
Compressed air 73
Additional Cleaning Equipment 73
Microscope with a magnification range about 50X up to 300X 74
Ultrasonic bath 74
Warm water and liquid soap 74
Premoistened cleaning wipes 75
Polymer film 75
Infrared Sensor Card 75
Preserving Connectors 75
Cleaning Instrument Housings 76
Which Cleaning Procedure should I use ? 77
How to clean connectors 77
How to clean connector interfaces 78
How to clean bare fiber adapters 79
How to clean lenses 80
How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface 80
How to clean instruments with a recessed lens interface 81
How to clean optical devices which are sensitive to mechanical
stress and pressure 82
Additional Cleaning Information 82
How to clean bare fiber ends 83
How to clean large area lenses and mirrors 83
Other Cleaning Hints 84
Index 87

Contents
8Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition

Getting Started with Power Sensor Modules
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 9
Getting Started with Power Sensor
Modules

Getting Started with Power Sensor Modules
10 Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
This chapter introduces the features of the Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B
Power Sensor Modules and the 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module.

What is a Power Sensor Module Getting Started with Power Sensor Modules
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 11
What is a Power Sensor Module
A Power Sensor Module measures the power emitted from a connected
single-mode or multi-mode fiber (with Numerical Aperture ≤ 0.24/0.3
and core diameter up to 100 µm according to the model). The
wavelength and power range depend on the sensor element.
A Description of the Front Panel
Figure 1 Front Panel of the Agilent Power Sensor Modules
Analog Output
The analog output is the BNC connector on the front of the sensor
module. It outputs a voltage directly proportional to the strength of the
optical signal at the optical input in the current range. The analog
signal is always in the range between 0 and 2V, 2V corresponding to a
full power input signal in the current range, 0V corresponding to no
input signal.
During autoranging, the level to which 2V corresponds changes. You
should disable autoranging when using the analog output.
Disabling Autoranging Select the best range for the application using the mainframes user
interface. Select <Menu>, <Range Mode>, <Manual> and then choose
from the list of ranges.
Applications Possible applications for the analog output are:
• to close the feedback loop controlling the current supplied to a laser
• to aid positioning the system for fiber alignment tasks
81634B
Power Sensor
Output Analog
+10dBm -110dBm
Input InGaAs
81635A
Power Sensor
Input1 InGaAs
+10dBm -80dBm
Input2 InGaAs
81636B
Power Sensor
Output Analog
+10dBm -80dBm
Input InGaAs
81637B
Power Sensor
Output Analog
+10dBm -80dBm
Input InGaAs

Getting Started with Power Sensor Modules What is a Power Sensor Module
12 Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
• to monitor optical power on an oscilloscope
The analog signal reacts instantaneously to the input signal, whereas
the power shown on the display is subject to averaging.
Optical Input
The optical input to the sensor requires a connector interface (or bare
fiber adapter) to match the connector type (or bare fiber) to the
sensor. See “Accessories” on page 13 for details.

Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 13
Accessories

Accessories
14 Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
The Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Module and the
Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module are available in various
configurations for the best possible match to the most common
applications.
This chapter provides information on the available options and
accessories.

Modules and Options Accessories
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 15
Modules and Options
Figure 2 Recommended Connector Interfaces and Bare Fiber Adapters
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Accessories Modules and Options
16 Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
Connector Interfaces
Bare Fiber Adapters
Table 1 Connector Interfaces
Product Number Connector InterfaceType
81000AI Diamond HMS-10
81000FI FC/PC/SPC
81000GI D4
81000JI SMA
81000KI SC/APC
81000NI FC/APC
81000PI E-2000
81000SI DIN 47526
81000VI ST
81002LI LC
Table 2 Connector Interface and Bare Fiber Adapter Combinations
Product
Number Bare Fiber Adapter Product Number Connector Interface
81000FB Bare Fiber Adapter 81000FI FC/
81000BB Bare Fiber Adapter Kit 81000A1 Diamond HMS-10
81000F1 FC/PC/SPC
81000K1 SC/PC/APC
81000S1 DIN47258/4108.6
81000V1 ST
81000P1 E-2000

Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 17
Specifications

Specifications Definition of Terms
18 Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and the
Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module are produced to the ISO
9001 international quality system standard as part of Agilent’s
commitment to continually increasing customer satisfaction through
improved quality control.
Specifications describe the modules’ and heads’ warranted
performance. Supplementary performance characteristics describe the
modules’ and heads’ non-warranted typical performance.
Because of the modular nature of the instrument, these performance
specifications apply to these modules and heads rather than the
mainframe unit.
Definition of Terms
This section defines terms that are used both in this chapter and
“Performance Tests” on page 29.
Generally, all specifications apply for the given environmental
conditions and after warmup time.
Measurement principles are indicated. Alternative measurement
principles of equal value are also acceptable.
Averaging Time
Time defining the period during which the power meter takes readings
for averaging. At the end of the averaging time the average of the
readings is available (display- or memory-update). Symbol Tavg.
Linearity
The linearity error is defined as the relative difference between the
displayed power ratio, Dx/D0, and the actual (true) power ratio Px/P0
caused by changing the displayed power level from the reference level,
D0, to an arbitrary displayed level, Dx. Symbol N.
if expressed in %
NDxD0
⁄
PxP0
⁄
----------------- 1–


100=

Definition of Terms Specifications
Agilent 81630B/4B/6B/7B Power Sensor Modules and Agilent 81635A Dual Power Sensor Module, Second Edition 19
if expressed in dB
Conditions: reference level 10 µW, displayed power levels within the
specified range, zero less than specified time prior to measurement.
Note 1: ideally N= 0 %, respectively 0 dB.
Note 2: the power-dependent nonlinearity, N(Px), can alternatively be
expressed by the following formula:
where r(P) is the power-dependent responsivity (for a power meter,
the responsivity is defined as the ratio of displayed power to actual
input power).
Linewidth
FWHM spectral bandwidth. The 3 dB width of the optical spectrum,
expressed in Hertz. Symbol: ∆f.
Noise
The peak-to-peak change of displayed power level with zero input
power level (dark).
Conditions: Zero prior to measurement, averaging time and
observation time as specified, lowest power range selected and
wavelength range as specified.
Measurement: the measurement result is obtained by:
Noise = Pmax −Pmin expressed as peak-to-peak within the
given time span. Any offset is automatically excluded this way.
Power range
The power range is defined from the highest specified input power
level to the smallest input power level that causes a noticable change
of displayed power level.
Conditions: wavelength, averaging time as specified.
NdB 10 DxD0
⁄
PxP0
⁄
-----------------


log=
NP
x
() rP
x
()rP
0
()–
rP
0
()
---------------------------------=