Aquaread Aquaprobe AP-7000 User manual

Instruction Manual
for the
Aquaprobe® AP-7000
Multiparameter Water Quality Probe
and associated
Aquameter®, tilities & Accessories
Aquameter® firmware Version 6.20 and Above
AP-7000 firmware Version 4.07 and Above
Document No. 10401-00894
Revision: M
Date: March 27, 2017

quaprobe® P-7000 Instruction Manual 10401-00894 Rev M
PROPRI TARY NOTIC
The information disclosed within this document or separately supplied in furtherance of this document includes
proprietary rights of Aquaread® Ltd. Neither this document nor the information disclosed herein or of a
supplementary nature shall be reproduced or transferred to other documents or used for any other purposes,
except as specifically authorised in writing by Aquaread® Ltd. Copyright 017 Aquaread® Ltd. All rights
reserved.
SOFTWAR LIC NC AGR M NT
By using the Aquameter®, its associated probes and PC based software (AquaLink),
you agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of the following software licence
agreement. Please read this agreement carefully.
Aquaread® Ltd grants you a limited license to use the software embedded in the devices (the “firmware”) in
binary executable form in the normal operation of the products. Title, ownership rights and intellectual
property rights in and to the software remain in Aquaread® Ltd.
You acknowledge that the software is the property of Aquaread® Ltd and is protected under British copyright
laws and international copyright treaties. You further acknowledge that the structure, organisation and code
of the software are valuable trade secrets of Aquaread® Ltd.
You agree not to decompile, dissemble, modify, reverse assemble, reverse engineer or reduce to human
readable form the software or any part thereof or create any derivative works based on the software.
R CYCLING
Any product bearing this symbol must be handed over to an applicable collection point for the
recycling of electrical and electronic equipment. By ensuring this product is disposed of properly,
you will prevent possible adverse consequences for the environment which could be caused by
inappropriate waste handling.
Note: For return for recycling, please contact Aquaread® Ltd for instructions on how to return end-of-life
equipment, accessories, and all auxiliary items for proper disposal.
WARNING
Favourable indications made by this equipment do not guarantee water is safe for human or
animal consumption. This equipment can not detect the presence of harmful bacteria or toxins. If in
doubt, ALWAYS TR AT SUSP CT WAT R PRIOR TO CONSUMPTION.
Limitations of Liability
Aquaread® Ltd and its affiliates specifically disclaim liability for any and all direct, indirect, special,
general, incidental, consequential, punitive or exemplary damages including, but not limited to, loss
of profits or revenue or anticipated profits or revenue or expenses incurred arising out of the use or
inability to use any Aquaread® product, miscalibration, loss of data or product failure, even if
Aquaread® Ltd and/or its affiliates has been advised of the possibility of such damages or they are
foreseeable or for claims by any third party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall
Aquaread® Ltd and/or its affiliates aggregate liability arising under or in connection with Aquaread®
products, regardless of the number of events, occurrences, or claims giving rise to liability, be in
excess of the price paid by the purchaser for the Aquaread® product.
TRAD MARKS
Aquaread®, AquaPlus™, Aquameter®, Aquaprobe®, AquaLink™ and RapidCal™
are all trademarks of Aquaread® Ltd.
Microsoft®, Windows® and Excel® are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation
GOOGLE™ is a trademark of Google, Inc. StablCal® is a trademark of the HACH company
Aquaread ® Ltd has no affiliation with Microsoft Corporation, Google, Inc. or HACH
© 2017 quaread® Ltd. www.aquaread.com Page 2 of 143

quaprobe® P-7000 Instruction Manual 10401-00894 Rev M
What's New in this Manual?
This Manual, Revision M, covers the new features introduced in 017 with AP-7000
firmware version 4.07 and Aquameter® firmware version 6. 0.
Aquameter® and Aquaprobe® Firmware
➢Memory storage increased to 10,000 data points. See Memory Mode
➢New Grab Sample Factor setup facility for all fluorescent electrodes.
See Fluorescent Electrode Grab Sample Correction Factor
➢New variable EC calibration point setup facility to allow EC calibration at any value
See Calibrating EC
➢New ORP calibration value selection facility. See Calibrating ORP
➢Calibration report values now stored with each data point with new screens to view
report values for every parameter. See Calibration Data Storage and Retrieval
➢New Probe temperature sensor calibration screen. See Calibrating Temperature
PC Software
Both the AquaLink (Version 5.00) and AquaCal (Version .00) PC applications have been
upgraded to take full advantage of all the new features listed above. The latest versions
can be downloaded free of charge from http://www.aquaread.com/downloads.php
Not Running the Latest Firmware?
All the new firmware featured in this manual can be retrofitted to any existing metal
connector type Aquaprobe® (regardless of current firmware revision) and to any Aquameter
currently running firmware version 4.50 or above.
In order to have access to the new features, both the Aquaprobe® and associated
Aquameter® must be upgraded together.
Aquameters currently running firmware revisions lower than 4.50 can not be upgraded due
to lack of sufficient memory space.
Other Manual Additions
This manual also includes two new sections. These are:
➢Appendix 7. Troubleshooting Turbidity
➢Appendix 8. Flow Through Cell
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quaprobe® P-7000 Instruction Manual 10401-00894 Rev M
Table of Contents
WHAT'S NEW IN THIS MANUAL?..............................................................................................................................3
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................................9
2. WHAT’S IN THE BOX?.................................................................................................................................................9
2.1. THE AQUAMETER® AND THE ENVIRONMENT......................................................................................................................9
2.2. THE AP-7000 AND THE ENVIRONMENT.............................................................................................................................9
2.3. ABOUT THE PROBE SLEEVE AND SLEEVE END CAP.............................................................................................................9
2.4. TOP TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL MEASUREMENTS USING OPTICAL ELECTRODES ................................................................................11
2. . IMPORTANT NOTES REGARDING LONG-TERM DEPLOYMENT ................................................................................................11
3. BATTERY INSTALLATION AND CARE.................................................................................................................13
3.1. CHOICE OF BATTERY TYPE............................................................................................................................................13
3.2. BATTERY LIFE..............................................................................................................................................................13
3.3. BATTERY CONDITION ICON.............................................................................................................................................13
3.4. BATTERY SAVER FUNCTIONS..........................................................................................................................................13
4. OVERVIEW OF THE OPERATIN SYSTEM.........................................................................................................14
4.1. INITIAL SWITCH ON, LANGUAGE AND CLOCK SETUP .........................................................................................................14
5. CONNECTIN AN AP-7000........................................................................................................................................15
.1. AP-7000 DEPLOYMENT................................................................................................................................................1
6. TAKIN MEASUREMENTS......................................................................................................................................16
6.1. WHAT DOES IT ALL MEAN?.........................................................................................................................................17
6.2. TREND INDICATION.......................................................................................................................................................17
6.3. GLOBAL STABILITY INDICATION ......................................................................................................................................17
6.4. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION.......................................................................................................................................18
6. . GPS RECEPTION..........................................................................................................................................................19
7. DEPTH MEASUREMENT...........................................................................................................................................20
7.1. TAKING DEPTH MEASUREMENTS.....................................................................................................................................20
7.2. DIFFERENTIAL DEPTH MEASUREMENT..............................................................................................................................20
7.3. DEPTH CALIBRATION.....................................................................................................................................................20
8. MEMORY MODE.........................................................................................................................................................21
8.1. MANUALLY SAVING READINGS.......................................................................................................................................21
8.2. RECALLING AND VIEWING SAVED READINGS....................................................................................................................21
8.3. RECALLING GLP DATA................................................................................................................................................21
8.4. CLEARING THE MEMORY................................................................................................................................................22
8. . AUTOMATIC DATA LOGGING..........................................................................................................................................22
8.6. BATTERY AND MEMORY DURATION IN LOW POWER LOGGING MODE ..................................................................................23
8.7. IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT MEMORY MODE...........................................................................................................24
9. SETUP & INSTALL......................................................................................................................................................25
9.1. SETTING UNITS OF MEASUREMENT..................................................................................................................................2
9.2. AUX SOCKET ASSIGNMENT..........................................................................................................................................26
10. RAPIDCAL CALIBRATION METHOD..................................................................................................................28
10.1. ABOUT CALIBRATION..................................................................................................................................................28
10.2. SPECIAL NOTES CONCERNING ISE ELECTRODES.............................................................................................................28
10.3. USING RAPIDCAL.......................................................................................................................................................29
To Check / Calibrate the 100% Saturation Point in Damp Air................................................................................30
10.4. CALIBRATION ERROR MESSAGES...................................................................................................................................31
10. . RESETTING TO FACTORY CALIBRATION DEFAULTS...........................................................................................................32
10.6. CALIBRATION REPORTS................................................................................................................................................32
10.7. CALIBRATION DATA STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL...............................................................................................................32
11. AFTER USE..................................................................................................................................................................34
12. THE AP-7000 AUTOMATIC CLEANIN SYSTEM.............................................................................................35
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12.1. WIPER REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT............................................................................................................................3
12.2. IMPORTANT NOTES REGARDING LONG-TERM DEPLOYMENT ..............................................................................................38
13. PH/ORP ELECTRODE CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE........................................................................39
13.1. RECOGNISING THE PH/ORP ELECTRODE........................................................................................................................39
13.2. ELECTRODE REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT.....................................................................................................................39
13.3. KEEPING THE ELECTRODES MOIST.................................................................................................................................39
13.4. CALIBRATING PH........................................................................................................................................................40
13.4.1. Special Notes Concernin ISE Electrodes durin pH Calibration................................................................40
13.4.2. Calibratin the First Point (pH 7.00)............................................................................................................40
13.4.3. Calibratin the Second Point.........................................................................................................................42
13.4.4. Calibratin the Third Point............................................................................................................................42
13. . ERRORS DURING CALIBRATION.....................................................................................................................................42
13.6. PH ELECTRODE EFFICIENCY.........................................................................................................................................42
13.7. SERVICING THE PH ELECTRODE.....................................................................................................................................43
13.8. CALIBRATING ORP.....................................................................................................................................................43
13.9. CONVERTING ORP READINGS TO THE HYDROGEN SCALE................................................................................................4
14. DO/EC ELECTRODE CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE..........................................................................46
14.1. RECOGNISING THE DO/EC ELECTRODE.........................................................................................................................46
14.2. DO MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE...................................................................................................................................46
14.3. PRECAUTIONS DURING USE..........................................................................................................................................46
14.4. CALIBRATING THE DO/EC ELECTRODE.........................................................................................................................46
14. . CALIBRATING THE DO ZERO POINT..............................................................................................................................46
14.6. CALIBRATING THE DO 100% SATURATION POINT IN MOIST AIR .....................................................................................48
14.7. REPLACING THE OPTICAL DO CAP...............................................................................................................................48
14.8. CALIBRATING EC....................................................................................................................................................... 0
14.9. VERIFYING EC CALIBRATION....................................................................................................................................... 2
14.10. ERRORS DURING CALIBRATION................................................................................................................................... 2
14.11. CLEANING THE EC CONTACTS.................................................................................................................................... 2
14.12. CALIBRATING TEMPERATURE...................................................................................................................................... 3
15. OPTIONAL OPTICAL ELECTRODES CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE............................................54
1 .1. TOP TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL MEASUREMENTS USING OPTICAL ELECTRODES..............................................................................
1 .2. OPTICAL ELECTRODE CALIBRATION SEQUENCE...............................................................................................................
1 .3. FLUORESCENT ELECTRODE GRAB SAMPLE CORRECTION FACTOR.......................................................................................
1 .4. 7000-TURB TURBIDITY ELECTRODE........................................................................................................................... 6
15.4.1. About Turbidity..............................................................................................................................................56
15.4.2. Precautions Durin Use.................................................................................................................................56
15.4.3. Ne ative Turbidity Readin s..........................................................................................................................56
15.4.4. Calibratin the Turbidity Electrode...............................................................................................................57
15.4.5. Calibration Points..........................................................................................................................................57
15.4.6. Turbidity Zero Point Calibration...................................................................................................................58
15.4.7. Verifyin the Zero Calibration.......................................................................................................................59
15.4.8. Calibratin the Turbidity 20 NTU & 1000 NTU Points.................................................................................59
15.4.9. Errors Durin Calibration.............................................................................................................................60
15.4.10. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance......................................................................................................................60
15.4.11. References....................................................................................................................................................60
1 . . 7000-BGA-PC FRESHWATER BLUE-GREEN ALGAE (PHYCOCYANIN) ELECTRODE..............................................................61
15.5.1. Principle of Operation...................................................................................................................................61
15.5.2. Limitations of Use..........................................................................................................................................61
15.5.3. Calibratin the BGA-PC Electrode................................................................................................................61
15.5.4. Calibration Solution Preparation..................................................................................................................62
15.5.5. Serial Dilution................................................................................................................................................62
15.5.6. Zero Point Calibration...................................................................................................................................63
15.5.7. Calibratin Point 2.........................................................................................................................................64
15.5.8. Calculatin and Applyin a Grab Sample Factor.........................................................................................64
15.5.9. Errors Durin Calibration.............................................................................................................................65
15.5.10. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance......................................................................................................................65
1 .6. 7000-BGA-PE SALTWATER BLUE-GREEN ALGAE (PHYCOERYTHRIN) ELECTRODE.............................................................66
15.6.1. Principle of Operation...................................................................................................................................66
15.6.2. Limitations of Use..........................................................................................................................................66
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15.6.3. Calibratin the BGA-PE Electrode................................................................................................................66
15.6.4. Calibration Solution Preparation..................................................................................................................67
15.6.5. Serial Dilution................................................................................................................................................67
15.6.6. Zero Point Calibration...................................................................................................................................68
15.6.7. Calibratin Point 2.........................................................................................................................................69
15.6.8. Calculatin and Applyin a Grab Sample Factor.........................................................................................69
15.6.9. Errors Durin Calibration.............................................................................................................................70
15.6.10. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance......................................................................................................................70
1 .7. 7000-CPHYLL CHLOROPHYLL ELECTRODE.................................................................................................................71
15.7.1. Principle of Operation...................................................................................................................................71
15.7.2. Limitations of Use..........................................................................................................................................71
15.7.3. Calibratin the CPHYLL Electrode...............................................................................................................71
15.7.4. Calibration Solution Preparation..................................................................................................................72
15.7.5. Serial Dilution................................................................................................................................................72
15.7.6. Zero Point Calibration...................................................................................................................................73
15.7.7. Calibratin Point 2.........................................................................................................................................74
15.7.8. Calculatin and Applyin a Grab Sample Factor.........................................................................................74
15.7.9. Errors Durin Calibration.............................................................................................................................75
15.7.10. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance......................................................................................................................75
1 .8. 7000-RHOD RHODAMINE ELECTRODE........................................................................................................................76
15.8.1. Principle of Operation...................................................................................................................................76
15.8.2. Limitations of Use..........................................................................................................................................76
15.8.3. Calibratin the RHOD Electrode...................................................................................................................76
15.8.4. Calibration Solution Preparation..................................................................................................................76
15.8.5. Serial Dilution................................................................................................................................................77
15.8.6. Zero Point Calibration...................................................................................................................................77
15.8.7. Calibratin Point 2.........................................................................................................................................79
15.8.8. Grab Sample Factor.......................................................................................................................................79
15.8.9. Errors Durin Calibration.............................................................................................................................79
15.8.10. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance......................................................................................................................79
1 .9. 7000-FSCEIN FLUORESCEIN ELECTRODE....................................................................................................................80
15.9.1. Principle of Operation...................................................................................................................................80
15.9.2. Limitations of Use..........................................................................................................................................80
15.9.3. Calibratin the FSCEIN Electrode................................................................................................................80
15.9.4. Calibration Solution Preparation..................................................................................................................80
15.9.5. Serial Dilution................................................................................................................................................81
15.9.6. Zero Point Calibration...................................................................................................................................81
15.9.7. Calibratin Point 2.........................................................................................................................................83
15.9.8. Grab Sample Factor.......................................................................................................................................83
15.9.9. Errors Durin Calibration.............................................................................................................................83
15.9.10. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance......................................................................................................................83
1 .10. 7000-REFOIL REFINED OIL ELECTRODE..................................................................................................................84
15.10.1. Principle of Operation.................................................................................................................................84
15.10.2. Limitations of Use........................................................................................................................................84
15.10.3. Special Precautions When Usin the REFOIL Electrode............................................................................85
15.10.4. Calibratin the REFOIL Electrode..............................................................................................................85
15.10.5. Calibration Solution Preparation................................................................................................................85
15.10.6. Serial Dilution..............................................................................................................................................85
15.10.7. Zero Point Calibration.................................................................................................................................86
15.10.8. Calibratin Point 2.......................................................................................................................................87
15.10.9. Calculatin and Applyin a Grab Sample Factor.......................................................................................88
15.10.10. Errors Durin Calibration.........................................................................................................................88
15.10.11. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance....................................................................................................................88
1 .11. 7000-CDOM/FDOM CHROMOPHORIC (FLUORESCENT) DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER..................................................90
15.11.1. Principle of Operation.................................................................................................................................90
15.11.2. Limitations of Use........................................................................................................................................90
15.11.3. Calibratin the CDOM Electrode................................................................................................................91
15.11.4. Calibration Solutions...................................................................................................................................91
15.11.5. Zero Point Calibration.................................................................................................................................91
15.11.6. Calibratin Point 2.......................................................................................................................................93
15.11.7. Calculatin and Applyin a Grab Sample Factor.......................................................................................93
15.11.8. Errors Durin Calibration...........................................................................................................................94
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15.11.9. Lens and Sleeve Maintenance......................................................................................................................94
16. OPTIONAL ISE ELECTRODES CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE........................................................95
16.1. ISE ELECTRODE LIMITATIONS......................................................................................................................................9
16.2. CALIBRATION POINTS..................................................................................................................................................9
16.3. SPECIAL NOTES CONCERNING ISE ELECTRODES.............................................................................................................9
16.4. 7000-AMM AMMONIUM/AMMONIA ELECTRODE...........................................................................................................96
16.4.1. Ammonium Calibration Solution Preparation...............................................................................................96
16.4.2. Three-point Calibration.................................................................................................................................96
POINT 2.............................................................................................................................................................................98
POINT 3.............................................................................................................................................................................98
16.4.3. Two-point Calibration....................................................................................................................................99
16.4.4. Sin le-point Calibration.................................................................................................................................99
16.4.5. Errors Durin Calibration.............................................................................................................................99
16. . 7000-NIT NITRATE ELECTRODE................................................................................................................................100
16.5.1. Nitrate Calibration Solution Preparation....................................................................................................100
16.5.2. Three-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................100
POINT 2...........................................................................................................................................................................102
POINT 3...........................................................................................................................................................................102
16.5.3. Two-point Calibration..................................................................................................................................103
16.5.4. Sin le-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................103
16.5.5. Errors Durin Calibration...........................................................................................................................103
16.6. 7000-CHL CHLORIDE ELECTRODE............................................................................................................................104
16.6.1. Chloride Calibration Solution Preparation.................................................................................................104
16.6.2. Three-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................104
POINT 2...........................................................................................................................................................................106
POINT 3...........................................................................................................................................................................106
16.6.3. Two-point Calibration..................................................................................................................................107
16.6.4. Sin le-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................107
16.6.5. Errors Durin Calibration...........................................................................................................................107
16.7. 7000-CAL CALCIUM ELECTRODE.............................................................................................................................108
16.7.1. Calcium Calibration Solution Preparation..................................................................................................108
16.7.2. Three-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................108
POINT 2...........................................................................................................................................................................110
POINT 3...........................................................................................................................................................................110
16.7.3. Two-point Calibration..................................................................................................................................111
16.7.4. Sin le-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................111
16.7.5. Errors Durin Calibration...........................................................................................................................111
16.8. 7000-FLU FLUORIDE ELECTRODE.............................................................................................................................112
16.8.1. Fluoride Calibration Solution Preparation.................................................................................................112
16.8.2. Three-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................113
POINT 2...........................................................................................................................................................................114
POINT 3...........................................................................................................................................................................114
16.8.3. Two-point Calibration..................................................................................................................................115
16.8.4. Sin le-point Calibration...............................................................................................................................115
16.8.5. Errors Durin Calibration...........................................................................................................................115
17. AQUALINK PC SOFTWARE..................................................................................................................................116
17.1. DOWNLOADING AQUALINK™ PC SOFTWARE FROM THE AQUAREAD® WEBSITE...............................................................116
17.2. SOFTWARE INSTALLATION..........................................................................................................................................116
17.3. DRIVER INSTALLATION...............................................................................................................................................116
17.4. RUNNING AQUALINK................................................................................................................................................116
17. . UPLOADING DATA FROM YOUR AQUAMETER®............................................................................................................117
17.6. DISPLAYING GPS CO-ORDINATES...............................................................................................................................117
17.7. ON SCREEN HELP.....................................................................................................................................................118
17.8. SAVING LOGGED DATA.............................................................................................................................................118
17.9. RETRIEVING LOGGED DATA.......................................................................................................................................118
17.10. EXPORTING DATA...................................................................................................................................................118
17.11. EXPORTING TEXT REPORTS......................................................................................................................................118
17.12. TYPICAL TEXT REPORT COVER PAGE........................................................................................................................120
17.13. EXPORTING EXCEL® FILES......................................................................................................................................121
17.14. EXPORTING GOOGLE™ FILES...................................................................................................................................121
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17.1 . IMPORTING FILES INTO GOOGLE™ EARTH.................................................................................................................121
17.16. GOOGLE™ EXAMPLES.............................................................................................................................................122
18. LIMITED WARRANTY...........................................................................................................................................123
18.1. CLEANING PRIOR TO RETURN....................................................................................................................................123
18.2. DECONTAMINATION CERTIFICATE................................................................................................................................124
19. TROUBLESHOOTIN .............................................................................................................................................125
20. DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY....................................................................................................................126
21. APPENDIX 1. THE TECH BEHIND AQUAREAD’S OPTICAL DO MEASUREMENT SYSTEM..............127
21.1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION...........................................................................................................................................127
21.2. SENSOR CAP LIFE.....................................................................................................................................................128
22. APPENDIX 2. FITTIN AUX ELECTRODES.....................................................................................................129
22.1. SOCKET ASSIGNMENT AND CALIBRATION......................................................................................................................130
23. APPENDIX 3. STANDARD ELECTRODES DETAILED SPECIFICATION...................................................131
24. APPENDIX 4. OPTICAL ELECTRODES DETAILED SPECIFICATION AND FAQS..................................132
24.1. WHAT ARE THE EXCITATION AND DETECTION WAVELENGTHS?..........................................................................................132
24.2. HOW DOES THE REFINED OIL SENSOR WORK?...............................................................................................................132
24.3. I CAN SEE ALGAE IN THE WATER BUT MY SENSOR IS GIVING LOW READINGS. WHY?.............................................................133
24.4. WHAT IS THE RANGE AND RESOLUTION OF THE OPTICAL ELECTRODES?...........................................................................133
24. . WHAT IS THE ACCURACY OF THE OPTICAL ELECTRODES?...............................................................................................134
25. APPENDIX 4. ISE ELECTRODES DETAILED SPECIFICATION...................................................................135
2 .1. SPECIAL NOTES CONCERNING ISE ELECTRODES AND PH BUFFER SOLUTIONS...................................................................136
26. APPENDIX 7. TROUBLESHOOTIN TURBIDITY...........................................................................................137
26.1. LENS AND SLEEVE MAINTENANCE...............................................................................................................................137
26.2. ABOUT TURBIDITY MEASUREMENT..............................................................................................................................138
26.3. PRECAUTIONS DURING USE........................................................................................................................................138
26.4. NEGATIVE TURBIDITY READINGS................................................................................................................................138
26. . AERATION................................................................................................................................................................139
26.6. REFLECTION.............................................................................................................................................................139
26.7. SENSOR SATURATION.................................................................................................................................................140
26.8. TOP TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL MEASUREMENTS USING OPTICAL ELECTRODES............................................................................140
26.9. REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................................................141
27. APPENDIX 8. FLOW THROU H CELL..............................................................................................................142
27.1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................................................142
27.2. SPIGOT INSTALLATION...............................................................................................................................................142
27.3. AP-7000 INSTALLATION...........................................................................................................................................142
27.4. ZEROING OPTICAL ELECTRODES..................................................................................................................................142
27. . OPERATION..............................................................................................................................................................142
27.6. CAUTION.................................................................................................................................................................142
27.7. CLEANING................................................................................................................................................................143
27.8. FLOWCELL TROUBLESHOOTING....................................................................................................................................143
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1. Introduction
This manual covers the setup, operation, calibration and maintenance of the Aquaprobe®
AP-7000 V4.07+, Aquameter® V6. 0+ Meter, AquaLink V5.00+ PC software and associated
Aquaprobe® accessories. If your Aquaprobe® or Aquameter® are running earlier firmware,
the functionality may differ from that shown in this manual. In this case, contact Aquaread
for an earlier version of this manual or return your equipment for firmware upgrade.
2. What’s in the Box?
The Aquameter® is supplied with the following:
The Aquameter® unit.
Quick release lanyard.
Set of 5 AA Alkaline batteries.
USB Cable for downloading logged data to a PC.
Cross-head screwdriver for fitting the batteries and Probe maintenance.
Getting started card for quick reference.
The AP-7000 is supplied with the following:
Protective Sleeve End Cap (pre fitted).
600mL of RapidCal Solution.
Two part calibration / rinse cup.
One mounting nut (pre-fitted).
Mounting Bracket
To complete your system, you will also need an AP-7000 Extension Cable, which should be
purchased separately.
2.1. The Aquameter® and the nvironment
The Aquameter® is designed to be used outdoors and is rated to IP67, that is to say it is
waterproof but it is not designed for submersion. In order to prevent accidental dunking or
loss, a lanyard is supplied. Please note that the socket on the Aquameter® is only
waterproof when the associated plug is fitted. Without the plug fitted, water can
enter the socket. Damage caused by water ingress through the socket is not covered
by your warranty.
You may notice a small hole on the rear of the unit near the top. This is a waterproof vent
for the internal barometric sensor. Do not poke anything in this hole! Doing so will cause
major damage to the vent’s waterproof membrane and invalidate your warranty.
2.2. The AP-7000 and the nvironment
The AP-7000 is designed to be fully submerged in water and is rated to IP68, that is to say,
it is rated for continual immersion to a depth of 30 meters, and short term immersion (less
than 1 hours) to 100 meters. During deployment, the AP-7000 can be suspended by the
Extension Cable, but in order to provide a fail-safe for the plug and socket, always Ty-wrap
the Extension Cable to the bracket just above the plug.
2.3. About the Probe Sleeve and Sleeve nd Cap
The AP-7000 is constructed with an aluminium sleeve surrounding the delicate sensing
electrodes. The Sleeve can be easily removed by unscrewing to allow cleaning of the
individual electrodes, however, The Probe sleeve, end cap and wiper form an integral,
working part of the Probe’s optical and C measurement system, and MUST be fitted
during calibration and measurement for correct operation.
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All Aquaread® Optical Electrodes are incredibly sensitive. For example, the Turbidity
electrode is capable of measuring between 0 and 3000NTU with an internal resolution of
greater than 0.1NTU. This means that the electrode is able to detect changes in turbidity
that are less than 0.003% of the full range! The other optical electrodes have a similar level
of sensitivity.
It follows, therefore, that in order to provide stable, repeatable readings, the environment in
which the measurements are made must be completely stable and repeatable.
For this reason, the AP-7000 is
constructed with a matt black
aluminium sleeve and end cap that
enclose the sensing electrodes and
provide a closed, constant condition,
non reflective measurement chamber.
In order to obtain consistent
results, the measurement chamber
created within the Aquaprobe®
must remain physically constant
during both calibration and
measurement. It is therefore
essential that both the sleeve and
sleeve end cap are fitted during
calibration and operation of all
types of optical electrodes.
If an optical electrode is calibrated
under one set of conditions then used
to measure under another set of
conditions, the readings will naturally
be erroneous, especially at low
concentrations.
A perfect example of this is calibrating
with the end cap removed then
measuring with the end cap fitted (or
vice-versa). By changing the physical characteristics of the measurement chamber, you
also change the calibration and response of the electrode.
Another particular problem when trying to measure
very low concentrations is air in the form of both visible
and microscopic bubbles. These act like tiny prisms
and can refract and reflect both the excitation light and
the return signal being measured. The photograph to
the right was taken in a calibration tube after fresh
water was poured in. The bubbles are clearly visible in
the light beam.
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2.4. Top Tips for successful measurements using optical electrodes
➢Always keep the measurement chamber and electrode lenses clean.
➢Always fit the sleeve and end cap during both calibration and measurement.
➢Always allow the readings to settle completely during both calibration and
measurement.
➢Always try to eliminate air bubbles by activate the self-cleaning mechanism.
➢Always calibrate and zero the electrode as close to your sample temperature as
possible. This is especially important with the Ref-Oil electrode.
➢Always zero the optical electrodes just prior to use in clean water (bottled still
mineral water is ideal) then deploy without disturbing the measurement chamber.
This is especially important when using the Turbidity electrode.
2.5. Important Notes Regarding Long-Term Deployment
Whilst the AP-7000 features an effective electrode cleaning system, the Probe should not
be deployed and left for extended periods without regular checking, calibration and
maintenance.
The time period between maintenance visits depends heavily upon the deployment
conditions. For example, if the Probe is deployed in clean water, the only necessity should
be regular single point calibration of the electrodes. This should be done every 4 – 6
weeks.
If the Probe is deployed in water that is polluted, silt-laden or heavily affected by algal
growth, maintenance visits should be much more frequent.
It is very important to keep the cleaning brushes in good condition. The brushes should be
replaced as soon as they show any signs of clogging or deterioration.
Likewise, it is very important to keep the inside of the Probe Sleeve and End Cap clean and
free from any build up of algae or silt.
The Probe Sleeve and End Cap form an integral part of the optical measurement system. If
they are allowed to become excessively dirty, the accuracy of your readings will be
affected.
It is strongly recommended that after initial deployment, maintenance visits are made on a
weekly basis in order to assess the rate of fouling. After several weeks, it should be
possible to establish the optimum time interval for routine maintenance at any given site.
All ion selective electrodes (ISE) exhibit calibration drift over time. Drift should not be a
major problem where the electrodes can be frequently calibrated. However, if the
electrodes are to be used in long-term deployment studies, drift is almost certain to occur.
Also remember, in order to achieve accurate readings with ISE electrodes, the Probe
needs to be placed in flowing water with a minimum flow rate of 0.3m/s over the electrode.
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If there is no water flow across an ISE electrode, the ions in the immediate area of the
electrode will be depleted and the readings will start to fall.
During long term deployment of ion selective electrodes, the user should obtain grab
samples during the course of the deployment for analysis in the laboratory by chemical
means and use the results to apply post calibration to the recorded results.
During long term deployment, the AP-7000 can be suspended by the Extension Cable, but
in order to provide a fail-safe for the plug and socket, always Ty-wrap the Extension Cable
to the bracket just above the plug.
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3. Battery Installation and Care
The Aquameter® requires five AA size batteries. To install the batteries, loosen the two
screws on the centreline of the rear of the meter and remove the battery compartment lid.
Following the battery polarity markings inside the battery compartment, insert five AA cells
then replace the compartment lid and tighten the screws.
3.1. Choice of Battery Type
Good quality alkaline batteries must be used. Never use rechargeable batteries as they do
not provide enough voltage to power the AP-7000's cleaning mechanism.
If the Meter is to be out of use for a long period, remove the batteries to prevent damage
due to possible leakage.
3.2. Battery Life
A set of fresh alkaline cells will give up to 15 hours use in the AM- 00 GPS Aquameter®
when used in conjunction with the AP-7000. Please be aware however that alkaline battery
capacities are extremely temperature dependant. The figures quoted throughout this
manual for battery life assume a temperature of 1°C. Battery life can be significantly
shorter (by up to 50%) at lower temperatures.
3.3. Battery Condition Icon
On all the main Aquameter® screens, a battery condition icon is displayed in the top left
corner. The icon shows full when the batteries are fresh, and gradually empties as the
batteries are used. When the batteries need replacing, the empty battery icon will flash on
and off. If you ignore this, the Meter will automatically switch itself off when the battery
voltage becomes too low for reliable operation.
3.4. Battery Saver Functions
The Aquameter® is designed to switch off automatically if you do not touch any of the keys
for 30 minutes. The only exception to this is if you have activated the Automatic Data
Logging feature. In this case, the Meter will continue to operate until either the memory is
full or the batteries go flat.
The display on the Aquameter® incorporates a white backlight to improve visibility in low-
light conditions. As on a mobile phone, the backlight switches on each time a key is
pressed, and stays on at full brightness for 15 seconds. After 15 seconds, the backlight will
fade to half brightness. After a further 15 seconds the backlight will switch off.
During normal operation, if you want to activate the backlight without changing the Meter
function, simply press the SC key.
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4. Overview of the Operating System
The operating firmware in the Aquameter® has been designed for simple, intuitive use.
Similarly, a great deal of development work has been put into simplifying and automating
the calibration procedures in the Aquameter® in order to allow normal field operatives (as
opposed to trained lab technicians) to achieve quick and accurate results.
If you are used to operating a mobile phone or programming audio/visual equipment using
a remote control, you should feel at home with the familiar up/down left/right arrow shaped
navigation keys and central OK key.
The tree structure behind the M NU key should also be very familiar. Each item on the
menu leads to a sub menu and then either onto further menus or final choices. Each
branch of the menu system is navigated using the arrow keys. At each point, selections can
be made by either pressing the OK key or the right arrow key.
To reverse along a branch of the menu system, use the SC (escape) key or left arrow
key. After a short time, you should be able to navigate around the entire menu system at
speed using just the four arrow keys. If, at any time, you leave the Meter in one of the sub-
menu screens, it will automatically back out to the main operating screen after 15 seconds.
4.1. Initial Switch On, Language and Clock Setup
To switch the meter on or off, briefly press the red key. Do not hold it down. The meter
contains a clock and is capable of operating in several different languages. When switching
on for the first time, you must select an operating language and set the clock. The first
screen you will see is the Language Selection Screen.
 English Italiano
Francais Portugues
Deutsch Malaysia
Espanol Indonesia
To select a language, move the cursor around the list using the arrow keys. To enter your
selection, press the OK key or the right arrow key.
The next screen to be displayed is the Time & Date Setting Screen.
Time & Date
 Time:15:46: 7
Date:15/Jun/17
To set the time and date, use the arrow keys to move the cursor around the screen. Use
the up and down arrow keys to adjust values. When the time and date are correct, press
the OK key. Don’t worry if you make a mistake first time round. You can easily get back to
these screens later through the M NU key.
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5. Connecting an AP-7000
The AP-7000 is designed to connect to the Aquameter® using an AP-7000 Extension
Cable. The AP-7000 Extension Cable features high-pressure metal connectors, which
incorporate several O-ring seals at the Probe end. Prior to first connection, the seals must
be lubricated using the silicone grease supplied.
Apply a generous smear of grease to the O-rings where indicated above. Be careful not to
get any grease inside the connector near the gold contacts. A small smear of grease
should also be applied to the thread on the Probe to allow easy tightening of the collar.
To connect the Extension Cable to the AP-7000, align the coloured dot on the AP-7000
with the ◄AQUAR AD logo on the plug body, then press the plug into the socket and
tighten the retaining collar fully. Once the AP-7000 has been connected to the Extension
Cable, the Aquameter® can be connected.
Always ensure the Aquameter® is switched off prior to connecting or disconnecting an AP-
7000. Align the ◄AQUAR AD logo on the plug body with the red on/off switch on the
Aquameter®, then press the plug into the socket and tighten the retaining collar.
Once the AP-7000 is connected to the Aquameter®, switch the Meter on by pressing the
red on/off switch. The Aquameter® should detect the Probe and start displaying readings.
5.1. AP-7000 Deployment
When you are ready to deploy the AP-7000, remove the mounting nut, fit the mounting
bracket then replace and tighten the mounting nut. During deployment, the AP-7000 can be
suspended by the Extension Cable, but in order to provide strain relief for the plug and
socket, always Ty-wrap the Extension Cable to the bracket just above the plug.
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6. Taking Measurements
The AP-7000 includes a pH/ORP electrode, which is kept moist by a storage cap. Remove
the storage cap by pulling the red lanyard marked ‘Remove Before Use / Replace After
Use’ straight down. Do not use a twisting motion to remove or replace the cap as this
can unscrew the electrode from the Probe body. Rinse any salty deposits from the
pH/ORP electrode with fresh water.
Fit the protective Sleeve End Cap into the end of the Probe sleeve. Switch the Aquameter ®
on and immerse the AP-7000 in the sample water, making sure that the water level covers
the minimum immersion depth groove halfway up the Probe sleeve.
TIP: Occasional application of a smear of silicone grease or similar lubricant to the
protective Sleeve End Cap thread will make fitting and removal of the Cap easier.
If the AP-7000 is connected correctly, the meter will read the Probe’s serial number and
model number, then will automatically configure itself to display only those readings the
current AP-7000 is capable of taking. Initial Probe readings will be displayed on the meter’s
screen along with the current GPS status. The initial data screen for the GPS Aquameter®
in conjunction with the AP-7000 is shown below.
 TEMP:018.5°C 
ORP:0415.2 mV 
pH:06.48 
 GPS:Acquiring 
Left/right arrows at the bottom corners of the screen indicate further data screens are
available. To access these screens, simply press either the left or right arrow keys. Any
value that is out of range or unavailable will be displayed as dashes. The other four screens
available with the standard AM- 00/AP-7000 combination are shown below.
 DO:098.7% 
EC:6541µS/cm 
TDS: 271mg/L 
 GPS: D Pos 
 SAL:0 .57 PSU 
SSG:01. σt 

 GPS: D Pos 
 BARO:101 mb
DEPTH:01.75m
Hit [OK] to zero
 GPS: D Pos 
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 Lat:N51 °21.498
Long:E001°24. 2
Alt:00050M 101 mb
 Sats in use:09 
6.1. What Does It All Mean?
The screens above show the full default range of readings for the AM- 00/AP-7000
combination. If you are using a different Meter/Probe combination, you may have fewer
screens to choose from and the readings may appear in a different order to facilitate logical
screen layouts. If an asterisk (*) character is flashing just below the battery symbol, this
indicates that Auto Data Logging is switched on. See Automatic Data Logging in section 8.
The table below explains the readings.
Prefix Meaning Units
TEMP Probe Temperature C or F*
pH pH (Acidity/Alkalinity) pH or pHmV*
ORP Oxidation Reduction Potential mV
GPS GPS Status See section 6.5
DO Dissolved Oxygen %Sat & mg/L
EC Electrical Conductivity µS/cm or mS/cm†
TDS Total Dissolved Solids mg/L or g/l†
SAL Salinity PSU or ppt*
SSG Sea Water Specific Gravity σt
BARO Barometric Pressure mb or mmHg*
DEPTH Depth above / below zero datum Meters / Feet*
Lat Latitude Degrees & Mins
Long Longitude Degrees & Mins
Alt Altitude above Sea Level Meters or Feet*
Items in the Units column marked with an asterisk (*) can be selected as alternative units of
measurement in the Settings Menu (see section 9). Items in the Units column marked with
a dagger (†) are auto-ranging, i.e. when the values become too large to display, the units of
measurement automatically re-scale.
The EC field can be replaced by its reciprocal value, RES (Resistivity), if selected in the
Settings Menu. If selected, readings will be displayed in either Ω▪cm or KΩ▪cm, depending
on the value. See section 9 for more details.
6.2. Trend Indication
To the right of each reading, (except position, BARO and Depth), a trend indication is
given. This consists of either an upwards facing arrow (which indicates the numeric value of
the reading is rising), a downwards facing arrow (which indicates the numeric value of the
reading is falling) or a two-headed arrow, which indicates a stable reading. Readings are
judged to be stable when the variation over a ten second period drops below 1%.
6.3. Global Stability Indication
In addition to the individual trend indications, there is a global stability indication, which is
displayed when all readings are stable. This takes the form of a flashing double headed
arrow which is displayed at the start of the third line of the display.
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When taking a set of readings, gently stir the Probe, or raise and lower it in the sample (if
there is no natural water flow) until the global stability icon appears. The initial display of the
global stability icon will be accompanied by a double beep. When this occurs, all values are
stable and ready for reading or saving.
6.4. Temperature Compensation
The electrochemical properties of all solutions change with the solution's temperature. In
addition, the response of electrochemical measuring electrodes change with temperature. It
is a fundamental, practical requirement in the field of water quality monitoring that test
measurements taken at different temperatures can be compared.
In order to facilitate this, the AP-7000 automatically applies corrections for temperature
wherever required.
During three point calibration of the ISE electrodes, the variation in response of the
electrodes due to temperature is automatically calculated. During measurement, the
variation in response of the electrodes due to temperature is automatically compensated
for.
During calibration of the EC electrode, the variation in the calibration buffer solution due to
temperature is automatically corrected for. During measurement of EC, the readings can be
displayed without any temperature correction, corrected to 0C, or corrected to 5C. See
section 9 for more details.
During calibration of the DO electrode, variations due to temperature and air pressure are
automatically compensated for. During the measurement of DO, temperature, air pressure
and salinity are automatically compensated for.
During calibration of the ORP electrode, the variation in the calibration buffer solution due
to temperature is automatically corrected for. During measurement of ORP however,
temperature corrections are not applied as the correction factors are system and chemical
dependent and are not easily determined.
ORP potential measurements are mostly made to follow reactions rather than for their own
sake. The completion of an ORP reaction is normally accompanied by a sharp change in
the ORP millivolts reading. This change is usually much larger than the errors induced by
temperature side effects.
During calibration of the optical electrodes, variations in the calibration solutions due to
temperature are automatically compensated for. During the measurement, temperature is
automatically compensated for.
During calibration of the pH electrode, the small variation in the calibration buffer solutions
due to temperature is not compensated for due to the differences in thermal coefficient
between various buffer manufacturers. For this reason, the three pH points should be
calibrated as close to the buffer manufacturer's specified temperature as possible (usually
0ºC or 5ºC) although a variation of up to +/-10ºC makes very little difference in reality.
During pH measurement, temperature variation is automatically compensated for.
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6.5. GPS Reception
The GPS version of the Aquameter® (AM- 00) contains a built-in GPS/GLONAS receiver
and antenna. The antenna is situated at the top of the case, just behind the AQUAREAD
Logo. For optimum signal reception, the antenna must be able to ‘see’ a reasonably large
amount of the sky. The GPS receiver will not work indoors or when shielded from the
sky by any solid structure.
After switch-on, the GPS receiver will automatically start to search for satellites. During this
phase, the message GPS:Acquiring will be shown on the bottom line of all the screens. As
soon as three satellites are acquired, two dimensional position (no altitude) will be
calculated and the message GPS:2D POS will be shown on the bottom line of the screens.
Once a fourth satellite is acquired, altitude will be calculated and GPS:3D POS will be
shown on the bottom line of the screens. With a good view of the sky, position should be
calculated within ninety seconds of switch-on. To see your geographic position and the
number of satellites in use, use the left or right arrow keys to scroll to the Position page.
If you switch the meter on indoors, then carry it outside after several minutes, there may be
a considerable delay in acquiring satellites. In this case, switch the meter off, then back on
again to reset the acquisition process.
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7. Depth Measurement
Depth is measured in the AP-7000 by a pressure sensor mounted inside the body of the
probe. The datum on the probe for depth measurement is the top row of holes on the probe
sleeve.
Depth is calculated by subtracting the barometric pressure being measured in the
Aquameter® from the water pressure being measured in the AP-7000. The pressure
differential, once corrected for temperature and salinity (water density), is directly
proportional to depth.
The depth measurement system uses the EC sensor to detect when the probe has been
placed in water. All the time the probe is measuring an EC of zero, the depth will read zero.
As soon as an EC value is detected, the meter will start to calculate depth. For this
reason, it is important to ensure the Probe is connected to the Meter and switched
on prior to submerging the probe in water.
7.1. Taking Depth Measurements
Connect the Probe to the Meter and switch on prior to submerging the probe in water.
Select the Baro/Depth screen as illustrated below. The depth should be reading zero.
 BARO:101 mb
DEPTH:00.00m
Hit [OK] to zero
 GPS: D Pos 
If the depth is not reading zero (this is possible if the probe is wet and a low EC reading is
registering), press the OK key. You will be asked to confirm by pressing OK again.
Slowly lower the probe into the water. As soon as the depth value starts to register, you can
lower the probe more quickly.
7.2. Differential Depth Measurement
If you want to measure changes in depth, it may be more convenient to zero the depth
measurement once the probe has been submerged.
To do this, press the OK key whilst displaying depth, then confirm. The unit will now read
positive or negative changes in depth from the current depth (zero datum).
If the values are positive, the water level has increased from the zero datum. If the values
are negative, the water level has decreased.
Using the Automatic Data Logging feature detailed in the following section, it is possible to
monitor water levels over a period of time for later recall.
7.3. Depth Calibration
The depth sensor is automatically re-zeroed each time the DO 100% point is calibrated in
free air. The depth sensor is factory calibrated at two temperatures and two pressures. No
further calibration is required for the lifetime of the sensor.
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