Atmel megaAVR User manual

i
Table of Contents
Section 1
Introduction...........................................................................................1-1
1.1 Device Support .........................................................................................1-1
Section 2
Getting Started......................................................................................2-1
2.1 Unpacking the System..............................................................................2-1
2.2 System Requirements...............................................................................2-1
Section 3
Connecting the System.........................................................................3-1
Section 4
Hardware Description...........................................................................4-1
4.1 Jumpers, Links and their Functions ..........................................................4-2
4.2 External Connections................................................................................4-2
Section 5
Installing the Software ..........................................................................5-1
5.1 Windows 95 ..............................................................................................5-1
5.2 Windows 3.1 .............................................................................................5-1
Section 6
How to Use the Software......................................................................6-1
6.1 Projects.....................................................................................................6-1
6.2 Files ..........................................................................................................6-1
Section 7
Programming Using the Board .............................................................7-1
7.1 Device Orientation ....................................................................................7-1
7.2 Voltage Selection......................................................................................7-1
7.3 Power and Lead Connections...................................................................7-2
Section 8
Brown-Out Detector..............................................................................8-1
Section 9
Board Applications................................................................................9-1
9.1 Using Switches and LEDs.........................................................................9-1
9.2 Using External Connections......................................................................9-1

Table of Contents
ii
9.2.1 Misc. Header ......................................................................................9-2
9.3 Using Analog Functions............................................................................9-2
9.3.1 Analog Port: Marked on Board...........................................................9-2
9.3.2 Using Internal Reference....................................................................9-2
9.3.3 Using External Reference...................................................................9-3
9.4 Using External RAM..................................................................................9-3
9.4.1 RAM Recommendations.....................................................................9-3
9.4.2 RAM Socket Pin Layout......................................................................9-3
9.4.3 Address Latch.....................................................................................9-3
9.5 Using LCD Connections............................................................................9-3
9.6 Using RS232.............................................................................................9-4
9.7 Programming In-System ...........................................................................9-4
9.8 ISP Header Layout....................................................................................9-5
9.9 Interface Using Resistors..........................................................................9-5
9.10 Using an Analogue Multiplexer IC.............................................................9-5
9.10.1 Using Real Time Clock.......................................................................9-6

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 1-1
Section 1
Introduction
Welcome to the megaAVR™Starter Kit.
This system incorporates an applications board and in-system programming hardware
key for programming AVR®devices in your application. Be sure to check the
README.TXT file included with the software for installation information.
1.1 Device Support The system software currently has support for the following devices.
■ATmega603
■ATmega603L
■ATmega103
■ATmega103L
Software upgrades for new devices will be available in the AVR section of the Atmel
website, which is located at http://www.atmel.com.

Introduction
1-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 2-1
Section 2
Getting Started
2.1 Unpacking the
System Contents of box:
■Evaluation Board
■Disk set consisting of AVR ISP software and STK300 Application Builder
■In-System Programming (ISP) Dongle
■ISP Ribbon Cable
2.2 System
Requirements The minimum hardware and software requirements are:
■80386 Processor or Above
■1MB Ram
■1MB Free Hard Disk Space
■Windows 3.1 or Windows 95

Getting Started
2-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 3-1
Section 3
Connecting the System
A Power Supply is required with a standard 2.1mm barrel connector. It can be AC 7 -
12V or DC 9 - 15V. The connector is inserted into the power connection socket as
shown, above.
The programming lead supplied is fitted into the Dongle case and the other end is
inserted into the programming interface on the board as shown.
The Dongle case is connected to one of the printer ports on the PC. If this is not LPT1,
then you will need to change the printer port setting in the software—see software sec-
tion for details.
PLUG HEADER ON LEAD
INTO PROGRAMMING
INTERFACE - KEY WAY
GIVES ORIENTATION
CONNECT LEAD
SUPPLIED TO DONGLE
AND INSERT IN
PC PRINTER PORT
POWER SUPPLY
9 - 15V DC
7 - 12V AC
ON-OFF SWITCH
RS 232 CONNECTOR
NOT USED FOR
PROGRAMMING
POWER CONNECTOR
5.5/2.1 BARREL

Connecting the System
3-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 4-1
Section 4
Hardware Description
The main features of the board are shown in the diagram below.
Note:
There are a number of jumpers on the board which are used to select different
operations and voltages. The default jumper settings are for programming oper-
ations at 5V JP1 Closed, with brown-out also set to 5V JP2 Open.
To carry out other operations, some jumpers may have to be removed—refer to
the relevant section for details. A full list of the jumpers and links are given in the
following table.
LCD CONNECTOR
ANALOG REFERENCE
VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT
PLUG IN MEGA
BOARD HERE
ANALOG I/P
PORT A DIGITAL
4 MHz CRYSTAL
PORT B HEADER
PORT C HEADER
PORT D JUMPERS
DISABLE SWITCHES
PORT D HEADER
MISC. HEADER
FOR NON-PORT PINS
JP2 - JUMPER
FOR BROWN-OUT
AT 2.9V OR 4.5V
8 LEDS ON
PORT B
8 SWITCHES
ON PORT D
JP1 JUMPER FOR
3.3 OR 5V VCC SELECT
ON-OFF
SWITCH
POWER INPUT
9-15V DC
OR 7-12 AC
RS232
PORT B JUMPERS
DISABLE LEDS
POWER ON AND
PROG LIGHTS
SELECTOR
FOR RS232
ISP INTERFACE
ADDRESS LATCH
IC FOR RAM
EXTERNAL
SRAM SOCKET
EXTERNAL
MEMORY EXPANSION
LCD CONTRAST
ADJUSTMENT
LK1 - CUT FOR A/D
EXTERNAL REFERENCE
O/P PINS FOR -VE
SUPPLY TO
OPAMP ETC.
PORT E HEADER

Hardware Description
4-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual
4.1 Jumpers, Links
and their
Functions
4.2 External
Connections All Ports are brought out to edge of board on to headers. Each header has a VCC and
Ground pin for power supply to external circuits. Port F is the Analog input port and is on
the header marked “Analog”. There is an extra six-pin header for miscellaneous func-
tions—Read, Write, ALE, Reset, Ground and VCC.
See sections “Using External Connections” on page 9-1 and “Using Analog Functions”
on page 9-2 for details.
Jumper Function Open Closed Default
JP1 Voltage select 5V 3.3V Open
JP2 Brown-out select 2.9V 4.5V Closed
PE0 RS232 RXD Port E.0 RXD Port E.0
PE1 RS232 TXD Port E.1 TXD Port E.1
Port B LEDs LEDs Disabled LEDs Enabled Closed
Port D Switches Switches Disabled Switches Enabled Closed
LK1 Analog
Reference If LK1 cut, then EXTERNAL REF
from header
ONBOARD POT Closed
CUT Under
Board LCD Contrast If Cut, add extra resistor Contrast Pot Closed

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 5-1
Section 5
Installing the Software
5.1 Windows 95 To install the software, insert the supplied disk or CD-ROM into your computer and per-
form the following steps:
1. Click on the “Start” button.
2. Select “Settings”.
3. Select “Control Panel”.
4. Choose “Add/Remove Programs”.
5. Click the “Install” button.
6. Follow On-Screen prompts.
The software will then be installed onto your computer and an Icon will be added to your
start menu.
5.2 Windows 3.1 Choose “RUN” from Program Manager, and enter A:\SETUP.EXE as the filename.
Press the “OK” button and the software installation program will begin.
The software will then be installed onto your computer and an Icon and Program Group
will be added to Program Manager.
Note:
On some PCs, especially laptops, programming problems may occur if the
BIOS Parallel Port settings are set to EPP Version 1.7. If programming prob-
lems do happen, ensure that the Parallel Port settings in your BIOS are set to
EPP V1.9 not V1.7. This applies to both Windows 95 and Windows 3.1 based
PCs.
In the unlikely event that you have any problems installing the software or suspect that
you have faulty media, please contact the Atmel Starter Kit hotline:
Telephone Number: (44) 1970 621 049
Fax Number: (44) 1970 621 040
Email: st[email protected]om

Installing the Software
5-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 6-1
Section 6
How to Use the Software
The software is fully context sensitive. This means that pressing F1 at any time will bring
up help information about the current option that you have selected.
Please note that the toolbar icons referred to in the text have ToolTip’s, so if you want to
know the function of any particular button, hold your mouse pointer over the button in
question and its function will be displayed.
■Starting a Project
■In-System Programming (ISP)
■Hardware Requirements
■Projects
■Data Files
■Editing Data
6.1 Projects If you have used a high-end professional development system, you will be familiar with
the project concept. Essentially, this is a collection of details and data which are man-
aged by the program on your behalf. In the AVR, you have both Program Memory and
non volatile Data Memory (EEPROM), with various security and device options. The
project manager keeps this information together for you so you don't have to remember
and reload all the various files every time you use the programmer.
The project manager will allow you to store information like the project name and the
project identifier. It also has a small notepad for you to store comments about the
project.
Before you can start a programming session, you must either open an existing project or
start a new project. You can open a project, or create a new one, by either going to the
Project menu and selecting “New” or “Open”, or by using the “New Project” or “Open
Project” buttons on the toolbar.
6.2 Files Once a project is open, you can load the files that you need to program into the device.
Files may be loaded by either using the “Load” command in the File menu or by using
the “Open” icon on the toolbar.
The program will automatically decode your files whether they are in Intel Hex format,
Atmel Generic, Binary or Motorola S record. The file you choose will be loaded into the
window, then it is displayed on the top of the desktop. Therefore, if you have the
EEPROM Data Memory window on top, it will load the data into that window.

How to Use the Software
6-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 7-1
Section 7
Programming Using the Board
7.1 Device
Orientation Before programming a device using the programming module, the device adapter must
be inserted correctly into the programming unit. The adapter itself has a corner cut-off,
which locates pin 1 of the device and matches the marking on the main unit. This
adapter should be prefitted, but can be replaced if the device programming life is
exceeded—refer to your supplier to obtain a new device adapter.
The orientation of the device is vitally important. If you put it in the wrong way then you
may damage the device. DO NOT PLUG A DEVICE ADAPTER IN WITH THE POWER
SWITCHED ON or you may damage it. Similarly, never remove the device adapter with
the power on.
7.2 Voltage
Selection Jumper JP1 is used to select either 3.3V or 5V programming.
For VCC = 5V, remove jumper JP1 - jumper open
For VCC = 3.3V, insert JP1 - jumper closed
Jumper JP2 is used to set Brown-Out detector voltage.
For Brown-Out = 4.5V, insert jumper JP2 - jumper closed
For Brown-Out = 2.9V, remove jumper JP2 - jumper open
This should be set to the same voltage as VCC. If VCC is set to 3.3V and Brown-Out is set
to 4.5V, then the device will be held in reset and will NOT program. See “Brown-Out
Detector” on page 8-1 for more details.
JP1
JP2

Programming Using the Board
7-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual
7.3 Power and Lead
Connections The 10-way programming lead is inserted in the box header—the key-way ensures cor-
rect orientation. The computer connections are shown in “Connecting the System” on
page 3-1.
The power supply 9-15V DC or 7-12V AC is plugged into the power connector 5.5/2.1
Barrel.
The Power On/Off switch is located next to the power connector. Insert the device
adapter before switching the power on. The power on LED should light when the power
is correctly applied.
Your hardware is now ready for programming. Refer to “How to Use the Software” on
page 6-1 for details of programming operations. A programming LED indicates program-
ming is happening.

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 8-1
Section 8
Brown-Out Detector
The brown-out detector circuit is used to detect voltage drops. If a short glitch occurs in
the power, this circuit ensures that the processor resets properly rather than operating
randomly.
The brown-out detector must be set to the same voltage as the circuit voltage, VCC—
3.3V or 5V. For 3.3V operation, jumper JP2 must be removed (jumper open) and for 5V
operation it must be closed.
These values are approximate and may vary with temperature and other factors.
Voltage Operating Voltage Hysteresis
5 Volts 4.5 Volts 200 mV
3.3 Volts 2.9 Volts 200 mV

Brown-Out Detector
8-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual

megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual 9-1
Section 9
Board Applications
9.1 Using Switches
and LEDs The LEDs are connected through a 1K resistor network to Port B.
The switches are connected to Port D.
The switches and LEDs can be disconnected, if required. To use them, ensure that the
jumpers labeled “Port B” and “Port D” are closed. The board is also marked with the port
pin connection for each switch and LED.
The ports must be correctly set in software as input or output. This is accomplished by
setting the direction control registers to 0 for input and 1 for output. Typical set-up code
would be:
ldi r16,$ff ;move immediate into temporary store register
out DDRB,r16 ;set direction register to ones for output -
LEDs
out PORTB,r16 ;switch all the LEDs on
ldi r16,$00 ;move immediate into temporary store register
out DDRD,r16 ;set direction register to zeros for input
Switches
9.2 Using External
Connections All the ports are brought out to headers on the edge of the board. In addition to the port
pins, each header has a connection for ground and VCC to supply external circuits. Note
this voltage, VCC, will be either 3.3V or 5V depending on the setting of jumper 1, JP1,
and the brown-out detector will operate.
Note:
If your circuit is to draw significant current (>150 mA) then a heat sink will be
required on the on-board regulator—LM317. This device is rated at 1.5 amps
but it does need a heat sink to supply this current. If your circuit will draw more
than 1 amp, you may need a separate power supply. The ports on the device
are connected to the headers marked Port A, Port B, Port C, Port D, Port E and
Analog, Port F. The layout of all the headers is the same and is shown in the fol-
lowing diagram.

Board Applications
9-2 megaAVR™ Starter Kit Manual
9.2.1 Misc. Header The last header labeled “Misc.” has connections to processor pins other than the
port pins.
If external operations do not want pull-ups on the port pin, both the switches and the
LEDs can be disconnected from the processor. To isolate the LEDs, remove the jumper
set labeled “Port B”, and to isolate the switches, remove the jumper set labeled “Port D”.
9.3 Using Analog
Functions The A/D converters use the header labeled “Analog” for the A/D inputs on Port F, which
is input only. A +10V to -10V supply is provided on the connector marked “Op-Amp” next
to the crystal. A lead from this connector can be used for an external amplifier for the
A/D inputs. The layout of the Analog header is shown below.
9.3.1 Analog Port: Marked
on Board
The A/D converters can use either the on-board (Internal) Voltage Reference or an
external Voltage Reference.
9.3.2 Using Internal
Reference To use the internal, on-board Voltage Reference, the pot marked “AREF” is used to set
the voltage level. The voltage level can be measured with a DVM connected to the
BIT 7 OF PORT.
SAME FOR ALL PORTS
EXTRA CONNECTION
FOR VCC
CUT CORNER
SHOWN ON BOARD
FOR ORIENTATION
BIT 0 OF PORT.
SAME FOR ALL PORTS
EXTRA CONNECTION
FOR GROUND
EXTRA CONNECTION
FOR VCC
CUT OUT MARKED
ON BOARD
FOR ORIENTATION
EXTRA CONNECTION
FOR GROUND
READ
RD
WRITE
WR
CUT OUT MARKED
ON BOARD
FOR ORIENTATION
ADC0 - ADC7 CONNECTED
TO PORT FPF0 - PF7