Avocent Single port KVM over IP switch User manual

Single port KVM over IP switch
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Single Port
KVM over IP SWITCH
USER’S MANUAL
Rev 1.0

Single port KVM over IP switch
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. THE QUICK INSTALLATION GUIDE
2. INTRODUCTION
2.1 When the sever is up and running
2.2 When the server is dead
2.3 Features
2.4 Package contents
2.5 Technical specifications
2.6 System requirement
2.7 Cable diagrams
3. HARDWARE INSTALLATION
3.1 Operation overview
3.2 Connecting IP- KVM to the host system
3.3 Connecting IP- KVM to multi-port KVM switch
3.4 Connecting External Reset/Power option
4. CONFIGURATION
4.1 Initial Configuration
4.1.1 Initial configuration via DHCP server
4.1.2 Initial configuration via serial console
4.1.3 Keyboard, Mouse and Video configuration
4.1.3.1 IP-KVM switch keyboard settings
4.1.3.2 Remote Mouse Settings
4.1.3.3 Auto mouse speed and mouse synchronization
4.1.3.4 Host system mouse settings
4.1.3.5 Single and Double Mouse Mode
4.1.3.6 Video Modes
5. USAGE
5.1 Prerequisites
5.2 Login into the IP-KVM switch and logout
5.2.1 Login into the IP-KVM switch
5.2.2 Logout from the IP-KVM switch
5.3 The Remote Console
5.4 Main Window
5.4.1 Remote Console Control Bar
5.4.2 Remote Console Status Line
6. MENU OPTIONS

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6.1 Remote Control
6.1.1 KVM Console
6.1.2 Remote Power
6.1.3 Telnet Console
6.2 Virtual Media
6.2.1 Floppy Disk
6.2.2 CD ROM
6.2.3 Drive redirection
6.2.4 Options
6.3 User Management
6.3.1 Change Password
6.3.2 Users And Groups
6.4 KVM Settings
6.4.1 User Console
6.4.2 Power Control
6.4.3 Keyboard/Mouse
6.4.4 Video
6.5 Device Settings
6.5.1 Network
6.5.2 Dynamic DNS
6.5.3 Security
6.5.4 Certificate
6.5.5 Serial Port
6.5.6 Date And Time
6.5.7 Event Log
6.6 Maintenance
6.6.1 Device Information
6.6.2 Event Log
6.6.3 Update Firmware
6.6.4 Unit Reset
7. TROUBLESHOOTING
8. CERTIFICATES
A. Pin Assignments
B. Key Codes
C. Video Modes
D. Rack mount kit installation diagram

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1. The quick installation guide
Installation
IP-KVM switch redirects local keyboard, mouse and video data to a remote administration console. All
data is transmitted via IP. IP-KVM switch can be used in a multi administrator and multi server
environment as well. Besides, IP-KVM switch is a KVM switch, which can also be used with a local
console.
IP-KVM switch hardware installation
Figure 1-1 The connectors of single port IP-KVM switch front and rear side
Please perform the following steps:
1. Connect the power supply to IP-KVM switch
2. Connect the monitor to the IP-KVM switch console side.
3. Connect the keyboard to the IP-KVM switch console side.
4. Connect the mouse to the IP-KVM switch console side.
5. Connect a VGA cable (15-pin HDDB Male / Male) with the Male side to both of the PC and the host
port of the IP-KVM switch.
6. Connect one purple end of 3-in-one cable to the PS/2 mouse port on the computer, and the other
end of 3-in-one cable to the host PS/2 mouse port on the IP-KVM Switch.
7. Connect one green end of 3-in-one cable to PS/2 keyboard port on the computer, and the other
end of 3-in-one cable to the host PS/2 keyboard port on the IP-KVM switch.
8. Connect the type A connector of USB A-B cable to the host system, while using remote mass
storage control.
9. Connect Ethernet to LAN port and/or modem to DB-9 serial port, depending on how you want to
access IP-KVM switch
Video modes
IP-KVM switch recognizes a limited number of common video modes. When running X-Window on the
host system, please don’t use any custom mode lines with special video modes. If done so, IP-KVM
switch may not be able to detect these. You are on the safe side with all standard VESA video modes.
Please refer to Appendix C for a list of all known modes.
Initial IP configuration
Initially the IP-KVM switch network interface is configured with the parameters shown in Table 1-1.
Host
Console

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Parameter Value
IP auto configuration DHCP
IP-Address 192.168.1.22
Net-mask 255.255.255.0
Default-Gateway none
Table 1-1: Initial configuration
If this initial configuration doesn’t meet your local requirements, you need to do the initial IP
configuration. Use one of the following ways:
1. Connect the enclosed NULL modem cable to the serial interface on the rear side. The serial
interface needs to be adjusted with the parameters shown in table 1-2:
Parameter Value
Bits/second 115200
Data bits 8
Parity No
Stop bits 1
Flow Control None
Table 1-2: Serial parameters
Use a terminal software (e.g. hyper term or minicom) to connect to IP-KVM switch. Reset IP-KVM
switch and immediately press < ESC >. You will see some device information and a ’=>’ prompt.
Enter the command ’config’ and press < Enter >. After waiting a few moments you may configure IP
auto configuration, IP address, net mask and default gateway. Pressing < Enter > without entering
values does not change settings. The gateway value must be set to 0.0.0.0 (for no gateway) or any
other value. You will be asked if the values are correct and get a chance to correct them. After
confirming, IP-KVM switch performs a reset.
2. Use a crossover Ethernet cable to connect IP-KVM switch to a subnet where a DHCP server is
available. After the DHCP server has assigned an IP address to IP-KVM switch you can use the web
interface to configure the device.
Web interface
IP-KVM switch may be accessed using a standard JAVA enabled web browser. You may use the
HTTP protocol or a secure encrypted connection via HTTPS. Just enter the configured IP address of
IP-KVM switch into your web browser.
Login name super (factory default)
Password pass (factory default)
Changing these settings to user specific values is strongly recommended
and can be done on the User Management page (see the Section called
Users and Groups in Chapter 6 ).
Remote Console
The Remote Console is the redirected screen, keyboard and mouse of the remote host system to
which IP-KVM switch is installed. The web browser which is used for accessing IP-KVM switch has to

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supply a Java Runtime Environment version 1.1 or higher. However, it is strongly recommended to
install Sun JVM 1.4. The Remote Console will behave exactly the same way as if you were sitting
directly in front of the screen of your remote system. That means that both the keyboard and mouse
can be used in the usual way. Open the console by selecting the preview picture on the main site of
the HTML front end. Figure 1-2 shows the top of the Remote Console.
Figure 1-2: Top part of the Remote Console
There are some options to choose from, and the important ones are the following:
Auto Adjust button
If the video displayed is of bad quality or distorted in some way, press this button and wait a few
seconds while IP-KVM switch tries to adjust itself for the best possible video quality.
Sync Mouse
Choose this option in order to synchronize the local with the remote mouse cursor. This is
especially necessary when using accelerated mouse settings on the host system. In general
there is no need to change mouse settings on the host.
Video Settings in Options Menu This opens a new window with elements to control the IP-KVM switch
Video Settings. You can change some values, for instance the brightness and contrast of the
picture displayed, which may improve the video quality. It is also possible to revert to the default
settings for all video modes or only the current one.
Note: At first start, if the local mouse pointer is not synchronized with
the remote mouse pointer, press the Auto Adjust Button once.

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2. Introduction
Thank you for purchasing IP-KVM switch. IP-KVM switch can save your MONEY, TIME, SPACE,
EQUIPMENT and POWER. IP-KVM switch defines a new class of remote KVM access devices.
IP-KVM switch combines digital remote KVM access via IP networks with comprehensive and
integrated system management.
IP-KVM switch provides convenient, remote KVM access and control via LAN or Internet. It captures,
digitizes, and compresses video signal and transmits it with keyboard and mouse signals to and from
a remote computer. IP-KVM switch provides a non-intrusive solution for remote access and control.
Remote access and control software runs on its embedded processors only but not on mission-critical
servers, so that there is no interference with server operation or impact on network performance.
Furthermore, IP-KVM switch offers additional remote power management with the help of optional
available device.
IP-KVM switch supports consoles consisting of PS/2 style keyboards and mouse and HDDB 15 video
output. IP-KVM switch will automatically detect the current video mode of the console, however
manual fine-tuning is recommended to receive the best video quality. IP-KVM switch will accept video
streams up to 110 MHz dot clock. This results in a screen resolution of 1280x1024 pixels with a frame
rate of 60 Hz.
2.1. When the server is up and running
IP-KVM switch gives you a full control over the remote server. The Management Console allows you
to access the remote server’s graphics, keyboard and mouse and to send special commands to the
server. You can also perform periodic maintenance of the server. Using the Console Redirection
Service, you are able to do the following:
I. Reboot the system
II. Watch the boot process.
III. Boot the system from a separate partition to load the diagnostic environment.
IV. Run special diagnostic programs.
2.2. When the server is dead
Obviously, fixing hardware defects is not possible through a remote management device.
Nevertheless IP-KVM switch gives the administrator valuable information about the type of a hardware
failure. Serious hardware failures can be categorized into five different categories with different
chances to happen:
I. Hard disk failure 50%
II. Power cable detached, power supply failure 28%
III. CPU, Controller, main board failure 10%
IV. CPU fan failure 8%
V. RAM failure 4%
Using IP-KVM switch, administrators can determine which kind of serious hardware failure has
occurred (See table 2-1).

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Type of failure Detected by
Hard disk failure Console screen, CMOS set-up information
Power cable detached, power supply failure Server remains in power on state after power on
command has been given.
CPU Controller, main board failure. Power supply is on, but there is no video output.
CPU fan failure By server specific management software
RAM failure Boot-Sequence on boot console
Table 2-1:Host system failures and how they are detected.
2.3. Features
zManage serves around the world
zKVM (keyboard, video, mouse) access over IP and analogous telephone line (modem needed).
zBIOS level access
zSSL encryption
zNo impact on server or network performance
zAutomatically senses video resolution for best possible screen capture
zHigh-performance mouse tracking and synchronization
zPort to connect a user console for direct analogous access to KVM switch
zLocal Mouse suppression (only when using SUN’s Java Virtual Machine)
zCan be used with any standard KVM
zRemote mass storage control.
2.4. Package contents
Base unit- Single port IP-KVM Switch 1 PC
User’s manual 1 PC
Installation software and User Manual on CD-ROM 1 PC
AC to DC Power Adapter 1 PC
Rack Mount Kit 1 SET
Null modem cable 1 PC

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2.5. Technical specifications
Model No. Single port IP-KVM Switch
PC Port 1
Console Port 1
PC Port Connector
(All Female Types) PS/2 Keyboard Mini Din 6 pin PS/2 Mouse Mini Din 6 pin
VGA HDDB 15 pin
USB Type B receptacle
Console Port
Connector
(All Female Types)
Local Console: PS/2 Keyboard Mini Din 6 pin
PS/2 Mouse Mini Din 6 pin
VGA HDDB 15pin
Remote Console: RJ-45 8P8C
Serial Port (DB9 pin
Male) 1
LAN port (RJ-45 8P8C) 1
10BASE-T Ethernet uses Category 3/4/5/5E/6 UTP
100BASE-T Ethernet uses Category 5/5E/6 UTP
Reset button 1
Keyboard Emulation PS/2
Mouse Emulation PS/2
VGA Resolution Local :1600 X1200 Remote : 1280 X1024
Housing Metal
Power Adapter DC 5V, 2.5A
Operation Temperature 0~50℃
Storage Temperature -20 ~ 60℃
Humidity 0~80%, Non-Condensing
Size Desktop
Weight (kg) 1700g
Dimension (mm) 156 X139 X27
2.6. System requirement
Item Description
Local console side One PS/2 Keyboard, one PS/2 Mouse
and one monitor
Remote Console
side One PC or Multiple PCs are linked into the network
Computer side One PC or Server or the console port of
KVM switch unit

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2.7. Cable diagrams
PS/2 Cable:
Mini Din 6 pin Male to Male
VGA Cable:
HDB15 pin Male to Male
USB 2.0 Cable:
USB A-B cable
AT to PS/2 keyboard adapter: (Optional)
Din 5 pins Male to Mini Din 6 pin Female
CAT5/5E/6 Straight Through UTP/STP Cable:
8P8C

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3. Hardware installation
3.1 Operation Overview
Figure 3-1 shows the connections of IP-KVM switch to its host, to peripheral devices, to the power
source and to the local area network.
Figure 3-1.a: IP-KVM switch usage scenario
Figure 3-1.b: IP-KVM switch usage scenario
IP-KVM switch redirects local keyboard, mouse, and video data to a remote administration console. All
data is transmitted with the TCP/IP protocol family.
IP-KVM switch can be used in a multi administrator and multi server environment as well. Attaching
one or several IP-KVM switches to a KVM switch matrix allows accessing multiple servers on a single
remote console.
3.2 Connecting IP-KVM switch to the host system
In order to connect the IP-KVM switch of the host system performs the following steps:
Step 1
Connect the power supply on IP-KVM switch
Administrator IP Network
Single port
IP-KVM KVM PC
Administrator
IP Network
Single port
IP-KVM
8/16 PS/2
KVM Switch
KVM
8/16

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Step 2
Connect the monitor to the IP-KVM switch console side.
Step 3
Connect the keyboard to the IP-KVM switch console side.
Step 4
Connect the mouse to the IP-KVM switch console side.
Step 5
Connect a VGA cable (15-pin HDDB Male / Male) with the Male side to both of the PC and the host of
the IP-KVM switch.
Step 6
Connect one end to the PS/2 mouse port on the computer, and the other end to the host PS/2 mouse
port on the IP-KVM switch.
Step 7
Connect one end to PS/2 keyboard port on the computer, and the other end to the host PS/2 keyboard
port on the IP-KVM switch.

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Step 8 (Option)
Connect the type A connector of USB A-B cable to the USB port of the host system, while using
remote mass storage control. USB type A plug of USB A-B cable to the computer.
Step 8
Connect Ethernet and/or modem or both communication ports simultaneously, depending on how you
want to access IP-KVM switch
3.2.1 Ethernet connection
The rear side of IP-KVM switch provides a RJ-45 connector for Ethernet. The connector is used either
for a 100 Mbps 100BASE-TX connection or for a 10 Mbps 10BASE-T connection. The adapter can
sense the connection speed and will adjust to the appropriate operation mode automatically.
3.2.1.1 10 Mbps Connection
For 10BASE-T Ethernet networks, the Ethernet adapter uses Category 3, 4, 5 or 6 UTP
cable. To establish a 10 Mbps connection, the cable must be connected to a 10BASE-T
hub.
¾Make sure that the cable is wired appropriately for a standard 10BASE-T adapter.
¾Align the RJ-45 plug with the notch on the adapter’s connector and insert it into the
adapter’s connector.
3.2.1.2. 100 Mbps Connection
For 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet networks, IP-KVM switch supports Category 5 or 6 UTP
cabling. To establish a 100 Mbps connection, the cable must be connected to a
100BASE-TX hub.
INTERNET
Modem

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¾Make sure that the cable is wired appropriately for a standard 100BASE-TX adapter.
¾Align the RJ-45 plug with the notch on the adapter’s connector and insert it into the
adapter’s connector.
3.3 Scenario of connecting IP-KVM switch to the Multi-port KVM Switch system
3.4 Connecting the External Reset/Power Option
Please refer to the manual of the IP-KVM 8/16/32 port external power switch option or a third
party external power option to connect those external devices to one of the serial interface on the
rear side of IP-KVM switch. By the date of printing this manual supported options are:
¾. Avocent.SPC1 800/1600
¾Sentry In-Line Power Module
¾Leaning ePowerSwitch
¾Peppercon IPM-220L

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4. Configuration
4.1 Initial Configuration
The IP-KVM switch's communication interfaces are all based on TCP/IP. It comes pre-configured
with the IP configuration listed in Table 4-1.
Parameter Value
IP auto configuration DHCP
IP-Address -
Net-mask 255.255.255.0
Default-Gateway none
Table 4-1. Initial network configuration
Warning
If the DHCP connection fails on boot up, the IP-KVM switch will not have an IP
address.
If this initial configuration does not meet your requirements, the following describes the initial IP
configuration that is necessary to access the IP-KVM switch for the first time.
4.1.1 Initial configuration via DHCP server
By default, the IP-KVM switch will try to contact a DHCP server in the subnet to which it is
physically connected. If a DHCP server is found, it may provide a valid IP address, gateway
address and net mask. Before you connect the device to your local subnet, be sure to complete
the corresponding configuration of your DHCP server. It is recommended to configure a fixed IP
assignment to the MAC address of the IP-KVM switch. You can find the MAC address labeled on
the bottom side of the metal housing.
If this initial configuration does not meet your local requirements, use the setup tool to adjust the
values to your needs. The setup tool can be found on the CD ROM delivered with this package.
You can follow the procedure described below.
IP-KVM switch Setup Tool
MAC Address Detection
Connect the IP-KVM switch to your computer either via local network, or via USB. Start the
setup tool from the CD ROM on the computer that the IP-KVM switch is installed. Depending on
the connection (USB or network), the device detection is different. A window opens as seen
below:

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Figure4-1. IP-KVM switch setup tool
On the upper left corner, the MAC address of the IP-KVM switch is displayed. To detect the
MAC address, manually, press the button “Refresh Devices”. The displayed MAC address is
the same MAC address printed on the white sticker placed on the back of the IP-KVM switch. If
the IP-KVM switch is connected via USB, it is classified as an USB device and an appropriate
drive letter is chosen for this device.
On the lower right corner of the window, there are two buttons: “Query Device” and “Setup
Device”. Press the “Query Device” button to display the preconfigured values of the network
configuration. The values are displayed in the text fields located above. If necessary, adjust the
network settings to your needs. To save the changes enter an user name and an according
password. Then press the “ Setup Device “ button.
Authentication
To adjust the authentication settings, enter your login as a super user, and change your
password.
Super user login
Enter the login name of the super user. The initial value is “super”. All of characters are lower
case.
Super user password
Enter the current password for the super user. This initial value is “pass”. All of characters are
lower case.
New super user password
Enter the new password for the super user.
New password (confirm)
Re-type the new password for the super user.
To close the window and accept the changes, press the “ OK ” button, otherwise press the
“ Cancel ” button.

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4.1.2 Initial configuration via serial console
Using a serial terminal, the IP-KVM switch has a serial line interface (host side). This connector
is compliant with the RS 232 serial line standard. The serial line has to be configured with the
parameters given in Table 4-2.
When configuring with a serial terminal, reset the IP-KVM switch and immediately press the
“ ESC ” key. You will see some device information, and a “ => ” prompt. Enter “config”, press
“ Enter ” key and wait for a few seconds for the configuration questions to appear.
Parameter Value
Bits/second 115200
Data bits 8
Parity No
Stop bits 1
Flow Control None
Table 4-2. Serial line parameters
As you proceed, the following questions will appear on the screen. To accept the default values
which are shown in square brackets below, press “Enter” key.
IP auto configuration (non/dhcp/bootp) [dhcp]:
IP [192.168.1.22]:
Net mask [255.255.255.0]:
Gateway (0.0.0.0 for none) [0.0.0.0]:
IP autoconfiguration
With this option, you can specify whether the IP-KVM switch should get its network settings
from a DHCP or BOOTP server. For DHCP, enter “dhcp”, and for BOOTP enter “bootp”. If you
do not specify any of these, the IP autoconfiguration is disabled and subsequently you will be
asked for the following network settings.
IP address
The IP address the IP-KVM switch uses. This option is only available if IP autoconfiguration is
disabled.
Net mask
The net mask of the connected IP subnet. This option is only available if IP autoconfiguration is
disabled.
Gateway address
The IP address of the default router for the connected IP subnet. If you do not have a default
router, enter 0.0.0.0. This option is only available if IP autoconfiguration is disabled.
4.1.3 Keyboard, Mouse and Video configuration
Between the IP-KVM switch and the host, there are two interfaces available for transmitting
keyboard and mouse data: USB and PS/2. The correct operation of the remote mouse depends
on several settings which will be discussed in the following subsections.

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4.1.3.1 IP-KVM switch keyboard settings
The IP-KVM switch settings for the host's keyboard type have to be corrected in order to
make the remote keyboard work properly. Check the settings in the IP-KVM switch front-end.
See section 6.4.3 in details.
4.1.3.2 Remote Mouse Settings
A common problem with KVM devices is the synchronization between the local and remote
mouse cursors. The IP-KVM switch addresses this situation with an intelligent
synchronization algorithm. There are two mouse modes available on the IP-KVM switch.
Auto mouse speed
The automatic mouse speed mode tries to detect the speed and acceleration settings of
the host system automatically. See the section below for a more detailed explanation.
Fixed mouse speed
This mode just translates the mouse movements from the Remote Console in a way
that one pixel move will lead to n pixel moves on the remote system. This parameter n is
adjustable with the scaling. It should be noted that this works only when mouse
acceleration is turned off on the remote system.
4.1.3.3 Auto mouse speed and mouse synchronization
The automatic mouse speed mode performs the speed detection during mouse
synchronization. Whenever the mouse does not move correctly, there are two ways for
re-synchronizing local and remote mouse:
Fast Sync
The fast synchronization is used to correct a temporary, but fixed skew. Choose the
option using the Remote Console options menu or press the mouse synchronization
hotkey sequence in case you defined one.
Intelligent Sync
If the fast sync does not work or the mouse settings have been changed on the host
system, use the intelligent resynchronization. This method takes more time than the fast
one and can be accessed with the appropriate item in the Remote Console option menu.
The intelligent synchronization requires a correctly adjusted picture. Use the auto
adjustment function or the manual correction in the Video Settings panel to setup the
picture. The Sync mouse button on top of the Remote Console can behave differently,
depending on the current state of mouse synchronization. Usually pressing this button
leads to a fast sync, except in situations where the KVM port or the video mode
changed recently.
Note: At first start, if the local mouse pointer is not synchronized with
the remote mouse pointer, press the Auto Adjust Button once.
4.1.3.4 Host system mouse settings
The host's operating system knows various settings from the mouse driver.
Warning
The following limitations do not apply in case of USB and Mouse Type “MS Windows
2000 and newer”.

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While the IP-KVM switch works with accelerated mice and is able to synchronize the local
with the remote mouse pointer, there are the following limitations, which may prevent this
synchronization from working properly:
Special Mouse Driver
There are mouse drivers which influence the synchronization process and lead to
desynchronized mouse pointers. If this happens, make sure you do not use a special
vendor-specific mouse driver on your host system.
Windows XP Mouse Settings
Windows XP knows a setting named “improve mouse acceleration”, which has to be
deactivated.
Active Desktop
If the Active Desktop feature of Microsoft Windows is enabled do not use a plain
background. Instead, use some kind of wallpaper. As an alternative, you could also
disable the Active Desktop completely.
Navigate your mouse pointer into the upper left corner of the applet
screen and move it slightly forth and back. Thus the mouse will be
resynchronized. If re-synchronizing fails, disable the mouse acceleration
and repeat the procedure.
4.1.3.5 Single and Double Mouse Mode
The information above applies to the Double Mouse Mode, where remote and local
mouse pointers are visible and need to by synchronize. The IP-KVM switch also
features another mode, the Single Mouse Mode, where only the remote mouse pointer
is visible. Activate this mode in the open Remote Console and click into the window
area. The local mouse pointer will be hidden and the remote one can be controlled
directly. To leave this mode, it is necessary to define a mouse hotkey in the Remote
Console Settings Panel. Press this key to free the captured local mouse pointer.
4.1.3.6 Recommended Mouse Settings
For the different operating systems we can give the following advice:
MS Windows 2000/2003 (Professional and Server), XP
In general, we recommend the usage of a mouse via USB. Choose USB
without Mouse Sync. For a PS/2 mouse choose Auto Mouse Speed. For XP
disable the option enhance pointer precision in the Control Panel.
SUNSolaris
Adjust the mouse settings either via xset m 1 or use the CDE Control
Panel to set the mouse to 1:1, no acceleration . As an alternative
you may also use the Single Mouse Mode.
MACOSX
We recommend using the Single Mouse Mode.

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4.1.3.7 Video Modes
The IP-KVM switch recognizes a limited number of common video modes. When running
X11 on the host system, please do not use any custom mode lines with special video modes.
If you do, the IP-KVM switch may not be able to detect them. We recommend using any of
the standard VESA video modes, instead.