Dragino LSE01 User manual

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LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual 1/ 30
LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor User Manual
Document Version: 1.4
Image Version: v1.0
Version
Description
Date
1.0
Release
2020-Apr-24
1.1
Add fix for rejoin issue on second packet (trouble shooting)
2020-May-30
1.2
Fix typo on v2.3.3, add measure volume info
2020-Sep-16
1.3
Add different hardware connection
2020-Nov-5

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1.4
Add Battery Option
2021-Mar-17

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1. Introduction 5
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor 5
1.2 Features 7
1.3 Specification 7
1.4 Applications 7
1.5 Firmware Change log 7
2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network 8
2.1 How it works 8
2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) 9
2.3 Uplink Payload 12
2.3.1 Battery Info 12
2.3.2 Soil Moisture 12
2.3.3 Soil Temperature 12
2.3.4 Soil Conductivity (EC) 13
2.3.5 Decode payload in The Things Network 13
2.4 Downlink Payload 13
2.5 Show Data in Mydevices IoT Server 15
2.6 Frequency Plans 16
2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868) 16
2.6.2 US902-928(US915) 17
2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470) 17
2.6.4 AU915-928(AU915) 18
2.6.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) 18
2.6.6 KR920-923 (KR920) 19
2.6.7 IN865-867 (IN865) 19
2.7 LED Indicator 19
2.8 Installation in Soil 19
2.9 Firmware Change Log 21
2.10 Battery Analysis 22
2.10.1 Battery Type 22
2.10.2 Battery Note 22
2.10.3 Replace the battery 22
3. Using the AT Commands 23
3.1 Access AT Commands 23
4. FAQ 26
4.1 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? 26
5. Trouble Shooting 28
5.1 Why I can’t join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? 28
5.2 AT Command input doesn’t work 28
5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet. 29
6. Order Info 30
7. Packing Info 30
8. Support 30

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1. Introduction
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor
The Dragino LSE01 is a LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor for IoT of Agriculture. It is
designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor
uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil
temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
It detects Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature and Soil Conductivity, and uploads the value via
wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely
long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication
and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
LES01 is powered by 4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery, It is designed for long term use
up to 10 years.
Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these
keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.

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1.2 Features
LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
Ultra low power consumption
Monitor Soil Moisture
Monitor Soil Temperature
Monitor Soil Conductivity
Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
AT Commands to change parameters
Uplink on periodically
Downlink to change configure
IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
1.3 Specification
Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and
10cm height.
Parameter
Soil Moisture
Soil Conductivity
Soil Temperature
Range
0-100.00%
0-20000uS/cm
(25℃)(0-20.0EC)
-40.00℃～85.00℃
Unit
V/V %,
uS/cm,
℃
Resolution
0.01%
1 uS/cm
0.01℃
Accuracy
±3% (0-53%)
±5% (>53%)
2%FS,
-10℃～50℃:<0.3℃
All other: <0.6℃
Measure
Method
FDR , with
temperature &EC
compensate
Conductivity , with
temperature compensate
RTD, and calibrate
1.4 Applications
Smart Agriculture
1.5 Firmware Change log
LSE01 v1.0:
➢Release

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2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network
2.1 How it works
The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join
LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys
in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network
via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the
keys from the server, you can use AT Commands to set the keys in the LSE01.

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2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA)
Following is an example for how to join the TTN LoRaWAN Network. Below is the network
structure; we use the LG308 as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
The LG308 is already set to connected to TTN network , so what we need to now is configure
the TTN server.
Step 1: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
Add APP EUI in the application
Add APP KEY and DEV EUI

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Step 2: Power on LSE01
Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
Step 3: The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload
messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.

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2.3 Uplink Payload
LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
2.3.1 Battery Info
Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
2.3.2 Soil Moisture
Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal),
divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x05 0xDC, the moisture content in the
soil is
05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.
2.3.3 Soil Temperature
Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal),
divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get
from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
Example:
Size
(bytes)
2
2
2
2
2
1
Value
BAT
Temperature
(Reserve,
Ignore now)
Soil
Moisture
Soil
Temperature
Soil Conductivity
(EC)
Digital Interrupt
(Optional)

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If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
2.3.4 Soil Conductivity (EC)
Obtain soluble salt concentration in soil or soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer or
planting medium,. The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than
20000).
For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is
00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
2.3.5 Decode payload in The Things Network
While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder:
http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Payload_Decod
er/
2.4 Uplink Interval
The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval
by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Comm
ands#Change_Uplink_Interval
2.5 Downlink Payload
By default, LSE50 prints the downlink payload to console port.
Downlink Control Type
FPort
Type Code
Downlink payload size(bytes)
TDC (Transmit Time Interval)
Any
01
4
RESET
Any
04
2

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AT+CFM
Any
05
4
INTMOD
Any
06
4
Examples
Set TDC
If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node’s TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type
code is 01.
Payload: 01 00 00 1E TDC=30S
Payload: 01 00 00 3C TDC=60S
Reset
If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
CFM
Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0

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2.6 Show Data in Mydevices IoT Server
Mydevices provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data
in TTN, we can use Mydevices to connect to TTN and see the data in Mydevices. Below are
the steps:
Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at
this time.
Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to Mydevices you will need to add
integration. To add the Mydevices integration, perform the following steps:

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Step 3: Create an account or log in Mydevices.
Step 4: Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
2.7 Frequency Plans
The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with
different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868)
Uplink:
868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125

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868.8 - FSK
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
2.7.2 US902-928(US915)
Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
Uplink:
903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Downlink:
923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470)
Used in China, Default use CHE=1
Uplink:
486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)

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2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915)
Default use CHE=2
Uplink:
916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923)
Default Uplink channel:
923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Additional Uplink Channel:
(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
AS920~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
AS923 ~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand,
Vietnam:
923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)

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2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920)
Default channel:
922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865)
Uplink:
865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
2.8 LED Indicator
The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
➢Blink once when device power on.
➢Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
➢Blink once when device transmit a packet.
2.9 Installation in Soil
Measurement the soil surface
Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the
probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the
surface soil according to the measured deep.
Keep the measured as original density. Vertical
insert the probe into the soil to be measured.
Make sure not shake when inserting.

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Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and
fill the hole for long term measurement.