Ebyte E32-400M20S User manual

1
E32-400M20S
SX1278 433/470MHz SPI SMD Wireless Module

Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
1
Contents
Disclaimer...............................................................................................................................................................................2
Features...........................................................................................................................................................................3
1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Brief Introduction..................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Application................................................................................................................................................................4
2 Specification and parameter................................................................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Limit parameter........................................................................................................................................................ 5
2.2 Operating parameter................................................................................................................................................. 5
3 Size and pin definition.........................................................................................................................................................6
4 Basic operation.................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1 Hardware design....................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.2 Programming............................................................................................................................................................ 9
5 Basic application............................................................................................................................................................... 10
5.1 Hardware design and circuit schematic diagram....................................................................................................10
6FAQ................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
6.1 Communication range is too short..........................................................................................................................10
6.2 Module is easy to damage..................................................................................................................................... 10
6.3 BER(Bit Error Rate) is high................................................................................................................................... 11
7 Production guidance.......................................................................................................................................................... 12
7.1 Reflow soldering temperature................................................................................................................................ 12
7.2 Reflow soldering curve...........................................................................................................................................12
8 E32 series...........................................................................................................................................................................13
9 Antenna recommendation..................................................................................................................................................13
Revision history....................................................................................................................................................................14
About us................................................................................................................................................................................14

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Disclaimer
EBYTE reserves all rights to this document and the information contained herein.
Products, names, logos and designs described herein may in whole or in part be
subject to intellectual property rights. Reproduction, use, modification or disclosure to
third parties of this document or any part thereof without the express permission of
EBYTE is strictly prohibited.
The information contained herein is provided “as is” and EBYTE assumes no
liability for the use of the information. No warranty, either express or implied, is given,
including but not limited, with respect to the accuracy, correctness, reliability and
fitness for a particular purpose of the information. This document may be revised by
EBYTE at any time. For most recent documents, visit www.ebyte.com.

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Features
The measured communication distance can reach 5km;
Maximum transmission power of 100mW, software multi-level adjustable;
Support 433/470 MHz band;
Support data transmission rate between 0.018K and 37.5Kbps in LoRaTM mode;
Support data transmission rate of up to 300kbps in FSK mode;
Support for multiple modulation mode, LoRaTM/FSK/GFSK/MSK/GMSK/OOK;
Large FIFO capacity, support 256Byte data cache;
Support 3.3V~5.5V power supply, power supply over 5 V can guarantee the best performance;
Industrial grade standard design, support -40 ~ 85 °C for working over a long time;
IPEX and stamp hole optional, good for secondary development and integration.

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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1 Introduction
1.1 Brief Introduction
E32-400M20S is a self-developed, 433/470MHz LoRaTM SMD wireless
module with the maximum transmission power of 1W which is based on the
SX1278 produced by Semtech in the United States.
Due to adopt the original installation import SX1278 as the core module,,
Due to its advanced LoRaTM modulation technology, its anti-interference
performance and communication distance are far superior to the current FSK
and GFSK modulation products. This module is mainly aimed at intelligent
home, wireless meter reading, scientific research and medical treatment, and
medium and long distance wireless communication equipment. As the RF performance and component selection
are in accordance with industrial standards, and the product has obtained FCC, CE, RoHS and other international
authoritative certification reports.
Since this module is a pure RF transceiver module, it needs to be programmed by using MCU drive or special
SPI debugging tools.
1.2 Application
Home security alarm and remote keyless entry;
Smart home and industrial sensors;
Wireless alarm security system;
Building automation solutions;
Wireless industrial-grade remote control;
Health care products;
Advanced Meter Reading Architecture(AMI);

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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2 Specification and parameter
2.1 Limit parameter
Main parameter
Performance
Remark
Min
Max
Power supply（V）
0
3.6
Voltage over 5.5V will cause permanent
damage to module
Blocking power（dBm）
-
10
Chances of burn is slim when modules
are used in short distance
Operating temperature（℃）
-40
85
Industrial grade
2.2 Operating parameter
Main parameter
Performance
Remark
Min
Type
Max
Operating voltage（V）
1.8
3.3
3.6
≥5.5 V ensures output power
Communication level（V）
-
3.3
-
-
Operating temperature（℃）
-40
-
85
Industrial grade
Operating frequency（MHz）
410
-
493
-
Power
Consump-
tion
TX current（mA）
-
110
-
-
RX current（mA）
-
17
-
-
Sleep current （μA）
-
2
-
-
Max TX power（dBm）
-
20
-
-
Receiving sensitivity（dBm）
-145
-147
-148
Air data rate is 1.2 kbps
Main parameter
Description
Remark
Reference distance
5km
Test condition：clear and open area, antenna gain: 5dBi，
antenna height: 2m，air data rate: 2.4 kbps
FIFO
256Byte
Maximum length of single send
Crystal Oscillator
32MHz
Protocol
LoRaTM(recommended)
FSK/GFSK/MSK/GMSK/OOK
Package
SMD
Interface
1.27mm
Stamp hole
Communication interface
SPI
0~10Mbps
Size
14 * 20 mm
-
Antenna
Stamp hole / IPEX
50 ohm impedance

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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3 Size and pin definition

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Pin No.
Item
Direction
Description
1
GND
-
Ground
2
GND
-
Ground
3
GND
-
Ground
4
GND
-
Ground
5
GND
-
Ground
6
RXEN
Input
RF switch receiving control pin, connected to external MCU IO, high level effective
7
TXEN
Input
RF switch receiving control pin, connected to external MCU IO, high level effective
8
DIO2
Input/Output
General IO port (see SX1276 manual for details)
9
VCC
-
Power supply, range 3.3 ~ 5.5V (external ceramic filter capacitor is recommended)
10
GND
-
Ground
11
GND
-
Ground
12
GND
-
Ground
13
DIO3
Input/Output
General IO port (see SX1276 manual for details)
14
DIO4
Input/Output
General IO port (see SX1276 manual for details)
15
DIO5
Input/Output
General IO port (see SX1276 manual for details)
16
GND
-
Ground
17
DIO1
Input/Output
General IO port (see SX1276 manual for details)
18
DIO0
Input/Output
General IO port (see SX1276 manual for details)

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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19
RST
Input
Chip reset trigger input pin
20
MISO
Output
SPI data output pin
21
MOSI
Input
SPI data output pin
22
SCK
Input
SPI data output pin
23
NSS
Input
the module chip selects the pin used to start an SPI communication
24
GND
-
Ground
25
ANT
-
Antenna interface, Sample hole (50Ωcharacteristic impedance)
26
GND
-
Ground
4 Basic operation
4.1 Hardware design
It is recommended to use a DC stabilized power supply. The power supply ripple factor is as small as possible and
the module needs to be reliably grounded;
Please pay attention to the correct connection of the positive and negative poles of the power supply,
reverse connection may cause permanent damage to the module;
Please check the power supply to ensure that between the recommended supply voltage, if exceeding the maximum,
the module will be permanently damaged;
Please check the stability of the power supply. Voltage can not fluctuate greatly and frequently;
When designing the power supply circuit for the module, it is often recommended to reserve more than 30% of the
margin, so the whole machine is beneficial for long-term stable operation;
The module should be as far away as possible from the power supply, transformers, high-frequency wiring and
other parts with large electromagnetic interference;
Bottom Layer High-frequency digital routing, high-frequency analog routing, and power routing must be avoided
under the module. If it is necessary to pass through the module, assume that the module is soldered to the Top Layer,
and the copper is spread on the Top Layer of the module contact part(well grounded), it must be close to the digital
part of the module and routed in the Bottom Layer;
Assuming the module is soldered or placed over the Top Layer, it is wrong to randomly route over the Bottom
Layer or other layers, which will affect the module's spurs and receiving sensitivity to varying degrees;
It is assumed that there are devices with large electromagnetic interference around the module that will greatly
affect the performance. It is recommended to keep them away from the module according to the strength of the
interference. If necessary, appropriate isolation and shielding can be done;
Assume that there are traces with large electromagnetic interference (high-frequency digital, high-frequency analog,
power traces) around the module that will greatly affect the performance of the module. It is recommended to stay
away from the module according to the strength of the interference.If necessary, appropriate isolation and shielding
can be done;
Try to stay away from some physical layers such as TTL protocol at 2.4GHz , for example: USB3.0;
The mounting structure of antenna has a great influence on the performance of the module. It is necessary to ensure
that the antenna is exposed, preferably vertically upward. When the module is mounted inside the case, use a good

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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antenna extension cable to extend the antenna to the outside;
The antenna must not be installed inside the metal case, which will cause the transmission distance to be greatly
weakened.
4.2 Programming
The core of this module is SX1278/SX1278, its driving method is completely equivalent to SX1278/SX1276, the
user can operate according to the SX1278/SX1276 chip manual
DIO0, DIO1, DIO2, DIO3, DIO4 and DIO5 are general I/O ports, which can be configured into a variety of
functions. See SX1278 manual for details. If not used can be suspended;
NRST, TXEN and RXEN pins must be connected, wherein NRST controls the reset of the chip, TXEN and RXEN
pins control the RF switch;
Pay attention to good grounding, large area of ground, small ripple of power supply, filter capacitor should be
added and close to module VCC and GND pins as far as possible;
SPI communication rate should not be set too high, usually 1Mbps is recommended;
When transmitting, set DIO_7 pin to high level and DIO_13, DIO_14 pins to low level;When receiving, set
DIO_7 pin to low level and DIO_13, DIO_14 pins to high level;Before turning off, set DIO_7, DIO_13,
DIO_14 pins to low;
The register configuration can be reinitialized when the chip is idle for greater stability.

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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5 Basic application
5.1 Hardware design and circuit schematic diagram
6FAQ
6.1 Communication range is too short
The communication distance will be affected when obstacle exists;
Data lose rate will be affected by temperature, humidity and co-channel interference;
The ground will absorb and reflect wireless radio wave, so the performance will be poor when testing near ground;
Sea water has great ability in absorbing wireless radio wave, so performance will be poor when testing near the sea;
The signal will be affected when the antenna is near metal object or put in a metal case;
Power register was set incorrectly, air data rate is set as too high (the higher the air data rate, the shorter the
distance);
The power supply low voltage under room temperature is lower than 2.5V, the lower the voltage, the lower the
transmitting power;
Due to antenna quality or poor matching between antenna and module.
6.2 Module is easy to damage
Please check the power supply source, ensure it is 2.0V~3.6V, voltage higher than 3.6V will damage the module;

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Please check the stability of power source, the voltage cannot fluctuate too much;
Please make sure antistatic measure are taken when installing and using, high frequency devices have electrostatic
susceptibility;
Please ensure the humidity is within limited range, some parts are sensitive to humidity;
Please avoid using modules under too high or too low temperature.
6.3 BER(Bit Error Rate) is high
There are co-channel signal interference nearby, please be away from interference sources or modify
frequency and channel to avoid interference;
SPI clock waveform is not standard, check whether there is interference on the SPI line, SPI bus wiring should
not be too long;
Poor power supply may cause messy code. Make sure that the power supply is reliable;
The extension line and feeder quality are poor or too long, so the bit error rate is high.

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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7 Production guidance
7.1 Reflow soldering temperature
Profile Feature
Sn-Pb Assembly
Pb-Free Assembly
Solder Paste
Sn63/Pb37
Sn96.5/Ag3/Cu0.5
Preheat Temperature min （Tsmin）
100℃
150℃
Preheat temperature max (Tsmax)
150℃
200℃
Preheat Time (Tsmin to Tsmax)(ts)
60-120 sec
60-120 sec
Average ramp-up rate(Tsmax to Tp)
3℃/second max
3℃/second max
Liquidous Temperature (TL)
183℃
217℃
Time（tL）Maintained Above（TL）
60-90 sec
30-90 sec
Peak temperature（Tp）
220-235℃
230-250℃
Aveage ramp-down rate（Tp to Tsmax）
6℃/second max
6℃/second max
Time 25℃ to peak temperature
6 minutes max
8 minutes max
7.2 Reflow soldering curve

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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8 E32 series
Model No.
IC
Frequency
Tx power
Distance
Package
Antenna
Hz
dBm
km
E32-400T20S
SX1278
433M
20
3
SMD
IPEX/Sample hole
E32-900T20D
SX1276
868/915M
20
5.5
DIP
SMA-K
E32-433T30D
SX1278
433M
30
8
DIP
SMA-K
E32-433T20DC
SX1278
433M
20
3
DIP
SMA-K
9 Antenna recommendation
The antenna is an important role in the communication process. A good antenna can largely improve the
communication system. Therefore, we recommend some antennas for wireless modules with excellent performance and
reasonable price.
Model No.
Type
Frequency
Gain
Hright
Cable
Interface
Function feature
Hz
dBi
mm
cm
TX915-JZ-5
Rubber
antenna
915M
2.0
50
-
SMA-J
Short straight &omnidirectional
TX915-JK-11
Rubber
antenna
915M
2.5
110
-
SMA-J
Flexible &omnidirectional
TX915-JK-20
Rubber
antenna
915M
3.0
200
-
SMA-J
Flexible &omnidirectional
TX915-XPL-100
Sucker
antenna
915M
3.5
290
100
SMA-J
High gain

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. E32-400M20S User Manual
Copyright ©2012–2021，Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Revision history
Version
Date
Description
Issued by
1.0
2021-5-07
Initial version
Linson
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