Furuno FAR-2228-BB User manual

FAR-2218
FAR-2218-BB
FAR-2228
FAR-2228-BB
FAR-2228-NXT
FAR-2228-NXT-BB
FAR-2238S
FAR-2238S-BB
FAR-2238S-NXT
FAR-2238S-NXT-BB
FAR-2318
FAR-2328
FAR-2328-NXT
FAR-2328W
FAR-2338SW
FAR-2338S
FAR-2338S-NXT
OPERATOR'S MANUAL
www.furuno.com
Model
MARINE RADAR

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i
IMPORTANT NOTICES
General
• This manual has been authored with simplified grammar, to meet the needs of international users.
• The operator of this equipment must read and follow the instructions in this manual.
Wrong operation or maintenance can void the warranty or cause injury.
• Do not copy any part of this manual without written permission from FURUNO.
• If this manual is lost or worn, contact your dealer about replacement.
• The contents of this manual and the equipment specifications can change without notice.
• The example screens (or illustrations) shown in this manual can be different from the screens you
see on your display. The screens you see depend on your system configuration and equipment
settings.
• Save this manual for future reference.
• Any modification of the equipment (including software) by persons not authorized by FURUNO will
void the warranty.
• The following concern acts as our importer in Europe, as defined in DECISION No 768/2008/EC.
- Name: FURUNO EUROPE B.V.
- Address: Ridderhaven 19B, 2984 BT Ridderkerk, The Netherlands
• All brand, product names, trademarks, registered trademarks, and service marks belong to their
respective holders.
• InstantAccess bar is a trademark of FURUNO Electric co., Ltd.
• SDHC is a registered trademark of SD-3C, LLC.
How to discard this product
Discard this product according to local regulations for the disposal of industrial waste. For disposal in
the USA, see the homepage of the Electronics Industries Alliance (http://www.eiae.org/) for the
correct method of disposal.
How to discard a used battery
Some FURUNO products have a battery(ies). To see if your product has a battery, see the chapter
on Maintenance. If a battery is used, tape the + and - terminals of the battery before disposal to pre-
vent fire, heat generation caused by short circuit.
In the European Union
The crossed-out trash can symbol indicates that all types of batteries
must not be discarded in standard trash, or at a trash site. Take the
used batteries to a battery collection site according to your national
legislation and the Batteries Directive 2006/66/EU.
In the USA
The Mobius loop symbol (three chasing arrows) indicates that
Ni-Cd and lead-acid rechargeable batteries must be recycled.
Take the used batteries to a battery collection site according to
local laws.
In the other countries
There are no international standards for the battery recycle symbol. The number of symbols can in-
crease when the other countries make their own recycle symbols in the future.
Cd
Ni-Cd Pb

ii
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
DANGER
WARNING
CAUTION
The operator must read the applicable safety instructions before attempting to operate the equipment.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
could result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
could result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
could result in minor or moderate injury.
Warning, Caution Prohibitive Action Mandatory Action
The radar antenna emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy that can be harmful,
particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna aperture from a close distance
while the radar is in operation or expose yourself to the transmitting antenna at a close distance.
Distances at which RF radiation level of 100, 50 and 10 W/m2are given in the table below.
Note: If the antenna unit is installed at a close distance in front of the wheel house, your admin-
istration may require halt of transmission within a certain sector of antenna revolution. This is
possible. Ask your FURUNO representative or dealer to provide this feature.
Radio Frequency Radiation Hazard
WARNING
*: XN12CF: 4 ft, XN20CF: 6.5 ft, XN24CF: 8 ft, SN24CF: 8 ft, SN30CF: 10 ft, SN36CF: 12 ft.
**: Unavailable on IMO-type radars.
FAR-2218(-BB)
FAR-2318
RTR-105 (12 kW)
RTR-123 (600 W)
RTR-106 (25 kW)
RTR-108 (25 kW)
RTR-107 (30 kW)
RTR-109 (30 kW)
XN12CF
XN20CF
XN24CF
FAR-2228(-BB)
FAR-2328
FAR-2338S
XN12CF
XN20CF
XN24CF
0.6 m
0.4 m
0.3 m
1.3 m
1.0 m
0.7 m
1.4 m
0.9 m
0.6 m
2.7 m
1.7 m
1.3 m
4.4 m
3.0 m
2.5 m
9.5 m
6.8 m
5.5 m
FAR-2328W
FAR-2238S(-BB)
FAR-2328-NXT
FAR-2228-NXT(-BB)
FAR-2338SW
XN20CF
XN24CF
SN24CF**
SN30CF**
SN36CF
XN12CF
XN20CF
XN24CF
SN36CF
0.5 m
0.3 m
N/A 0.26 m 2.3 m
1.2 m
0.9 m
5.5 m
4.0 m
Model Transceiver Magnetron
FNE1201
MG5436
MG5223F
Antenna*
100 W/m2 50 W/m210 W/m2
Magnetron
radar
Solid state
radar
1.7 m
1.4 m
N/A
0.3 m
0.24 m
0.19 m
0.7 m
0.32 m
0.29 m
2.4 m
2.1 m
0.5 m
3.8 m
3.4 m
4.6 m
3.3 m
1.9 m
1.6 m
RTR-111 (250 W)
FAR-2338S-NXT
FAR-2238S-NXT(-BB)
SN24CF**
SN30CF**
SN36CF
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1.0 m

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
iii
Make sure no rain or water
splash leaks into the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can
result if water leaks into the
equipment.
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
Before servicing the radar, turn
off the appropriate external
breaker.
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD.
Do not open the equipment.
Turn off the radar power switch
before servicing the antenna
unit. Post a warning sign near
the switch indicating it should
not be turned on while the
antenna unit is being serviced.
Only qualified personnel should
work inside the equipment.
Use the proper fuse.
Use of a wrong fuse can result
in damage to the equipment or
cause fire.
If the antenna rotates while there
is personnel nearby or servicing
the antenna, injury or death may
result.
Do not place liquid-filled con-
tainers near the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result
if a liquid spills into the equipment.
Do not operate the equipment
with wet hands.
Electrical shock can result.
Keep heater away from equipment.
Heat can alter equipment shape
and melt the power cord, which
can cause fire or electical shock.
Do not disassemble or modify
the equipment.
Fire, electrical shock or serious
injury can result.
Immediately turn off the power
at the ship’s mains switchboard
if water leaks into the equip-
ment or the equipment is emit-
ting smoke or fire.
Continued use can cause fatal
damage to the equipment.
This equipment has a valid
latitude range of 85°N to 85°S.
Operation outside of this range
can result in a larger margin of
error when calculating position,
heading, bearing, etc.
Power is not removed from the
radar simply by turning off its
power switch.
Keep the area around the
antenna free of ropes and other
items that may get tangled.
If the antenna becomes tangled,
damage to the equipment or
injury to personnel may occur.

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
iv
Name: Warning Label 1
Type: 86-003-1011-3
Code No.: 100-236-233-10
Name: Warning Label
Type:
03-160-1042-0
Code No.: 100-302-750-10
WARNING
To avoid electrical shock, do not
remove cover. No user-serviceable
parts inside.
WARNING LABEL
Warning labels are attached to the equipment. Do not remove any label. If a label
is missing or damaged, contact a FURUNO agent or dealer about replacement.
WARNINWARNINGCAUTION
No one navigational aid should be relied
upon for the safety of vessel and crew.
The navigator has the responsibility to
check all aids available to confirm
position. Electronic aids are not a
substitute for basic navigational
principles and common sense.
This TT automatically tracks automatically or
manually acquired radar targets and
calculates their courses and speeds,
indicating them by vectors. Since the data
generated by the auto plotter are based on
what radar targets are selected, the radar
must always be optimally tuned for use with
the auto plotter, to ensure required targets
will not be lost or unwanted targets such as
sea returns and noise will not be acquired
and tracked.
A target does not always mean a land-mass,
reef, ships or other surface vessels but can
imply returns from sea surface and clutter.
As the level of clutter changes with
environment, the operator should properly
adjust the A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN
controls to be sure target echoes are not
eliminated from the radar screen.
The plotting accuracy and response of
this TT meets IMO standards. Tracking
accuracy is affected by the following:
The data generated by TT, AIS and
video plotter are intended for
reference only.
Tracking accuracy is affected by course
change. One to two minutes is required to
restore vectors to full accuracy after an
abrupt course change. (The actual amount
depends on gyrocompass specifications.)
The amount of tracking delay is inversely
proportional to the relative speed of the
target. Delay is on the order of 15 - 30
seconds for high relative speed; 30 - 60
seconds for low relative speed.
The target tracking and pertinent vector
calculation accuracy is influenced by the
following:
- Echo intensity
- The range measurement accuracy;
characterized by both random and biased
measurement errors.
- The angular measurement accuracy;
characterized by beam shape, target glint
and bias errors.
- Radar transmission pulsewidth
- Gyrocompass heading error
- Speed log error
- Curent and wind (set & drift)
- Course change (own ship and target)
Refer to official nautical charts for detailed and
up-to-date information.
DANGER
Electrical shock hazard.
Turn off power before
servicing.

v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD.................................................................................................................. xii
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................ xvi
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW.................................................................................1-1
1.1 Controls Overview ......................................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Control Unit RCU-014 ....................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Control Unit RCU-015/RCU-016 ....................................................................1-3
1.2 How to Turn the Radar On/Off....................................................................................1-4
1.3 How to Adjust the Brilliance........................................................................................1-4
1.4 Display Indications......................................................................................................1-5
1.4.1 InstantAccess bar™buttons ...........................................................................1-6
1.4.2 Radar display and shortcuts...........................................................................1-7
1.4.3 Information and settings .................................................................................1-9
1.5 Menu Operations......................................................................................................1-10
1.5.1 How to open and close the main menu ........................................................1-10
1.5.2 How to operate the menus ...........................................................................1-10
1.6 How to Use the On-screen Box Menus ....................................................................1-12
1.7 How to Use the CURSOR Menu ..............................................................................1-13
1.8 Cursor Data ..............................................................................................................1-14
1.8.1 How to change the cursor data attributes (B/W-type only)...........................1-15
1.9 How to Set Up Function Keys...................................................................................1-15
1.10 How to Customize Operation....................................................................................1-17
1.11 How to Select the Interface for Heading Input..........................................................1-19
1.12 How to Set Own Ship’s Speed .................................................................................1-19
1.12.1 Automatic speed input (log or EPFS navigator) ...........................................1-19
1.12.2 Manual speed input ......................................................................................1-21
1.13 How to Set the Own Ship Position............................................................................1-21
1.14 How to Adjust the Date and Time.............................................................................1-22
1.15 User Settings............................................................................................................1-23
1.15.1 How to reset the user settings......................................................................1-25
1.15.2 How to save/load user settings ....................................................................1-25
1.16 How to Start/Stop Transmission...............................................................................1-26
1.17 How to Tune the Receiver (Magnetron Radars Only) ..............................................1-27
1.17.1 How to select the tuning method ..................................................................1-27
1.17.2 How to initialize tuning..................................................................................1-27
1.17.3 How to tune the receiver manually ...............................................................1-27
1.18 How to Select a Pulselength.....................................................................................1-28
1.18.1 How to select a pulselength .........................................................................1-28
1.18.2 How to change the preset pulselength .........................................................1-28
1.19 How to Adjust Sensitivity ..........................................................................................1-29
1.20 How to Reduce Sea Clutter......................................................................................1-29
1.20.1 How to select the method of clutter adjustment ...........................................1-29
1.20.2 How to fine-tune sea clutter reduction..........................................................1-30
1.20.3 How to manually reduce sea clutter .............................................................1-30
1.20.4 How to use the BERTHING STC function ....................................................1-31
1.21 How to Reduce Rain Clutter.....................................................................................1-31
1.21.1 How to select the method of rain clutter reduction .......................................1-32
1.21.2 How to manually reduce the rain clutter .......................................................1-32
1.22 Interference Rejector................................................................................................1-34
1.23 Echo Stretch.............................................................................................................1-35
1.24 Echo Averaging ........................................................................................................1-36
1.25 Automatic Clutter Elimination (ACE) Function..........................................................1-38

TABLE OF CONTENTS
vi
1.25.1 How to turn the Automatic Clutter Elimination (ACE) function on/off ........... 1-38
1.25.2 How to adjust the gain in Automatic Clutter Elimination (ACE) mode.......... 1-38
1.25.3 How to get high sensitivity............................................................................ 1-39
1.25.4 How to suppress false echoes ..................................................................... 1-39
1.26 Noise Rejector.......................................................................................................... 1-40
1.27 Wiper........................................................................................................................ 1-40
1.28 How to Preset Controls for a Specific Navigation Purpose ...................................... 1-41
1.28.1 How to select a customized echo................................................................. 1-44
1.28.2 How to edit a customized echo .................................................................... 1-44
1.28.3 How to restore a user customized echo to the saved settings..................... 1-45
1.28.4 How to restore a user customized echo to the factory default settings........ 1-46
1.28.5 How to edit the available customized echoes .............................................. 1-46
1.29 How to Reject Second-trace Echoes ....................................................................... 1-47
1.30 Orientation Modes.................................................................................................... 1-48
1.30.1 How to select an presentation mode............................................................ 1-48
1.30.2 Description of presentation modes............................................................... 1-48
1.31 How to Select a Range Scale .................................................................................. 1-50
1.32 How to Measure Range ........................................................................................... 1-51
1.32.1 How to show/hide the range rings................................................................ 1-51
1.32.2 How to measure range with the variable range marker (VRM) .................... 1-51
1.32.3 How to set the VRM unit of measurement (B-type only).............................. 1-52
1.32.4 How to show TTG to VRM ........................................................................... 1-53
1.33 How to Measure Bearing.......................................................................................... 1-53
1.33.1 Methods to measure bearing ....................................................................... 1-54
1.33.2 True or relative bearing................................................................................ 1-54
1.34 Collision Assessment by Offset EBL........................................................................ 1-55
1.34.1 How to assess risk of collision using the offset EBL .................................... 1-55
1.34.2 How to set the origin point reference for EBL OFFSET ............................... 1-56
1.35 How to Measure Range and Bearing Between Two Targets ................................... 1-57
1.36 How to Off-Center the Display ................................................................................. 1-59
1.37 Target Trails ............................................................................................................. 1-60
1.37.1 True or relative trails .................................................................................... 1-60
1.37.2 Trail time ...................................................................................................... 1-61
1.37.3 Trail gradation .............................................................................................. 1-62
1.37.4 Trail level...................................................................................................... 1-62
1.37.5 Narrow trails (B/W-type only) ....................................................................... 1-63
1.37.6 How to hide the trails temporarily................................................................. 1-63
1.37.7 Trail stabilization in true motion.................................................................... 1-63
1.37.8 How to erase/restart trails ............................................................................1-63
1.37.9 How to prevent sea clutter in true trails........................................................ 1-64
1.37.10How to show/hide OS trails.......................................................................... 1-65
1.37.11How to show/hide land trails (B/W-type only)............................................... 1-65
1.37.12How to set the trail length (B/W-type only)................................................... 1-66
1.37.13How to set the trail color (B/W-type only)..................................................... 1-66
1.37.14
How to remove the colors from a section of a multicolor trail (B/W-type only) ... 1-67
1.37.15How to offset the colors for multicolored trail (B/W-type only) ..................... 1-68
1.38 Target Analyzer (B/W-type only) .............................................................................. 1-69
1.38.1 How to activate/deactivate the target analyzer ............................................ 1-70
1.39 Target Alarm ............................................................................................................ 1-71
1.39.1 How to set a target alarm............................................................................. 1-71
1.39.2 How to mute the target alarm....................................................................... 1-72
1.39.3 How to deactivate a target alarm ................................................................. 1-72
1.39.4 How to change target alarm attributes ......................................................... 1-72
1.40 PI (Parallel Index) Lines ........................................................................................... 1-73
1.40.1 How to show/hide the PI lines...................................................................... 1-73
1.40.2 How to set the maximum number of lines to display.................................... 1-73

TABLE OF CONTENTS
vii
1.40.3 How to change PI line bearing and interval ..................................................1-74
1.40.4 How to change the PI line bearing reference (B/W-type only) .....................1-74
1.40.5 How to change the PI line orientation...........................................................1-75
1.40.6 How to reset the PI lines to default (ship’s heading) ....................................1-75
1.40.7 How to change PI line length (IMO/A/B/R-types only)..................................1-75
1.41 How to Use the Net (Diamond) Cursor (B/W-type only)...........................................1-76
1.41.1 How to activate the net cursor......................................................................1-76
1.41.2 How to set the net cursor dimensions and orientation .................................1-77
1.42 Zoom ........................................................................................................................1-78
1.43 How to Use Marks ....................................................................................................1-79
1.43.1 Heading line mark ........................................................................................1-79
1.43.2 How to hide/show the stern mark .................................................................1-79
1.43.3 North mark....................................................................................................1-80
1.43.4 How to set up the own ship symbol..............................................................1-80
1.43.5 How to set the barge marker ........................................................................1-80
1.43.6 Antenna mark ...............................................................................................1-81
1.43.7 Latitude/longitude grid ..................................................................................1-81
1.44 Drop Mark.................................................................................................................1-82
1.44.1 How to activate the drop mark......................................................................1-82
1.44.2 How to inscribe a drop mark.........................................................................1-82
1.44.3 How to erase drop marks .............................................................................1-82
1.45 Brilliance and Color Schemes ..................................................................................1-83
1.45.1 How to select a brilliance and color scheme ................................................1-83
1.45.2 How to change the color and brilliance assigned to a palette ......................1-83
1.45.3 How to change the color palette...................................................................1-85
1.46 How to Display and Set Up Navigational Data .........................................................1-86
1.46.1 How to set up the navigational data .............................................................1-86
1.46.2 How to display navigational data..................................................................1-87
1.47 How to Use the Information Box...............................................................................1-88
1.48 Interswitch ................................................................................................................1-90
1.48.1 How to display antenna information .............................................................1-90
1.48.2 How to preset antenna and display combinations........................................1-91
1.48.3 How to clear the interswitch .........................................................................1-93
1.49 Performance Monitor................................................................................................1-93
1.49.1 How to activate/deactivate the performance monitor ...................................1-93
1.49.2 How to check the radar’s performance.........................................................1-95
1.50 How to Change the Reference Position ...................................................................1-96
1.51 Anchor Watch...........................................................................................................1-97
1.52 Alerts ........................................................................................................................1-98
1.52.1 What is an alert? ..........................................................................................1-98
1.52.2 How to interpret the [ALERT] box.................................................................1-98
1.52.3 How to silence the alert buzzer ....................................................................1-99
1.52.4 How to acknowledge an alert .......................................................................1-99
1.52.5 Alert list.........................................................................................................1-99
1.52.6 Alert icons and their meanings ...................................................................1-100
1.53 Icing Prevention......................................................................................................1-101
1.54 How to Select a Display Mode (B/W-type Only) .....................................................1-102
1.55 How to Manage SD Card Data...............................................................................1-103
1.55.1 Formatting the SD card ..............................................................................1-103
1.55.2 Cautionary notes on handling SD cards.....................................................1-103
1.55.3 Compatible SD cards .................................................................................1-103
1.55.4 How to insert SD cards...............................................................................1-104
1.55.5 How to remove SD cards ...........................................................................1-104
1.55.6 How to save data to an SD card.................................................................1-105
1.55.7 How to read (load) data from an SD card...................................................1-105
1.55.8 How to delete data from an SD card ..........................................................1-105

TABLE OF CONTENTS
viii
1.56 How to Take a Screenshot..................................................................................... 1-106
1.57 How to Use the Watch Alert ...................................................................................1-106
1.58 Dual Radar (A/B-types only) .................................................................................. 1-107
1.58.1 How to toggle control of each dual radar display ....................................... 1-108
1.58.2 Operating considerations for the dual radar display................................... 1-109
1.59 Wave Mode ............................................................................................................ 1-111
1.60 Doppler Feature (X-band Solid State Radars only)................................................ 1-112
2. RADAR OBSERVATION .......................................................................................2-1
2.1 General ......................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Minimum range .............................................................................................. 2-1
2.1.2 Maximum range ............................................................................................. 2-1
2.1.3 X-band and S-band ........................................................................................ 2-2
2.1.4 Radar resolution............................................................................................. 2-2
2.1.5 Bearing accuracy ........................................................................................... 2-3
2.1.6 Range measurement...................................................................................... 2-3
2.2 False Echoes ............................................................................................................. 2-3
2.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) ................................................................. 2-5
2.3.1 SART description ........................................................................................... 2-5
2.3.2 How to show SART marks on the radar display.............................................2-6
2.3.3 General remarks on receiving SARTs............................................................ 2-6
2.4 RACON ...................................................................................................................... 2-7
2.5 Radar Target Enhancer (RTE)................................................................................... 2-7
2.6 Solid state radar......................................................................................................... 2-8
3. TARGET TRACKING (TT) .....................................................................................3-1
3.1 Precautions when Using Target Tracking .................................................................. 3-1
3.2 TT Controls ................................................................................................................ 3-2
3.3 TT Box Overview........................................................................................................ 3-2
3.4 How to Select the TT mode........................................................................................ 3-3
3.5 How to Acquire and Track Targets............................................................................. 3-4
3.5.1 How to manually acquire a target................................................................... 3-4
3.5.2 How to automatically acquire targets ............................................................. 3-5
3.6 How to Enter Own Ship Speed .................................................................................. 3-5
3.6.1 Echo-referenced speed input......................................................................... 3-5
3.7 How to Cancel Target Tracking.................................................................................. 3-7
3.7.1 How to cancel tracking for individual TT targets ............................................ 3-7
3.7.2 How to cancel tracking for all TT targets........................................................ 3-7
3.8 Lost Target ................................................................................................................. 3-8
3.8.1 How to set the lost target filter........................................................................ 3-8
3.8.2 How to enable/disable the lost target alert ..................................................... 3-8
3.9 TT Symbols and Attributes......................................................................................... 3-9
3.9.1 How to adjust symbol brilliance...................................................................... 3-9
3.9.2 How to set the symbol color........................................................................... 3-9
3.9.3 How to select a TT symbol (B/W-types only) ............................................... 3-10
3.10 How to Display/Remove Target Data....................................................................... 3-10
3.10.1 TT pop up information.................................................................................. 3-10
3.10.2 How to show/remove target data in the data display area ........................... 3-11
3.10.3 How to display, hide and sort the target list ................................................. 3-12
3.11 How to Assign a Preset Name to TT Targets (B/W-type only)................................. 3-14
3.11.1 How to activate the preset name function....................................................3-14
3.11.2 How to setup preset names ......................................................................... 3-14
3.11.3 How to assign a name to a TT ..................................................................... 3-15
3.12 Vector Modes ........................................................................................................... 3-16
3.12.1 Description of vectors................................................................................... 3-16
3.12.2 Vector mode and length............................................................................... 3-18

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ix
3.13 Past Position Display................................................................................................3-19
3.13.1 How to display past position points and select the plotting interval..............3-19
3.13.2 How to select the number of past position points to be displayed................3-19
3.14 Set and Drift..............................................................................................................3-20
3.15 Collision Alarm (CPA, TCPA) ...................................................................................3-21
3.15.1 How to set the CPA and TCPA ranges ........................................................3-21
3.15.2 How to acknowledge the TT collision alarm .................................................3-21
3.16 Acquisition Zone.......................................................................................................3-22
3.16.1 How to enable the acquisition zones............................................................3-22
3.16.2 How to activate the first acquisition zone (AZ1) ...........................................3-23
3.16.3 How to set a polygon acquisition zone (AZ2) ...............................................3-23
3.16.4 How to sleep/deactivate an acquisition zone ...............................................3-24
3.16.5 How to acknowledge the acquisition zone alert ...........................................3-24
3.16.6 How to select the target type to acquire (B/W-types only) ...........................3-24
3.16.7 How to change the acquisition zone reference ............................................3-25
3.16.8 How to set acquisition zone shape and stabilization (B/W-types only) ........3-25
3.17 Trial Maneuvers........................................................................................................3-27
3.17.1 Types of trial maneuvers ..............................................................................3-27
3.17.2 How to perform a trial maneuver ..................................................................3-28
3.17.3 How to stop the trial maneuver.....................................................................3-30
3.18 TT System Messages...............................................................................................3-31
3.19 TT Simulation Mode .................................................................................................3-32
3.20 Criteria for Tracking Target Selection.......................................................................3-33
3.21 Factors Affecting Target Tracking ............................................................................3-34
4. AIS OPERATION ...................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Controls for AIS ..........................................................................................................4-2
4.2 AIS Box Overview.......................................................................................................4-3
4.3 How to Select the AIS Display Mode..........................................................................4-3
4.4 AIS Symbols and Their Meanings ..............................................................................4-4
4.5 How to Use the AIS Display Filter ..............................................................................4-4
4.6 How to Activate AIS Targets.......................................................................................4-6
4.6.1 How to activate specific targets manually ......................................................4-6
4.6.2 How to set the AIS auto activate function.......................................................4-7
4.7 How to Sleep AIS Targets ..........................................................................................4-8
4.7.1 How to sleep individual AIS targets................................................................4-8
4.7.2 How to sleep all AIS targets ...........................................................................4-8
4.8 How to Set Up For a Voyage......................................................................................4-9
4.8.1 How to access the [VOYAGE DATA] menu ...................................................4-9
4.9 How to Display AIS Target Data...............................................................................4-10
4.9.1 AIS pop-up information.................................................................................4-10
4.9.2 How to display basic AIS target data............................................................4-11
4.9.3 How to display expanded AIS target data ....................................................4-12
4.9.4 How to remove target data from the display area ........................................4-12
4.10 How to Change AIS Symbol Attributes.....................................................................4-13
4.10.1 How to adjust the AIS symbol brilliance .......................................................4-13
4.10.2 How to change the color of the AIS symbol .................................................4-13
4.10.3 How to change the color of the ATON symbol .............................................4-13
4.10.4 How to change the size of the AIS symbol...................................................4-14
4.11 Past Position Display................................................................................................4-15
4.11.1 How to display past position points and select the plotting interval..............4-15
4.11.2 How to select the number of past position points to be displayed................4-15
4.11.3 Past position display orientation ...................................................................4-15
4.11.4 Stabilization in true motion ...........................................................................4-16
4.12 Lost Target ...............................................................................................................4-16
4.12.1 How to set the lost target filter......................................................................4-16

TABLE OF CONTENTS
x
4.12.2 How to enable/disable the lost target alert ................................................... 4-17
4.13 ROT Setting ............................................................................................................. 4-17
4.14 AIS Collision Alarm (CPA, TCPA) ............................................................................ 4-18
4.14.1 How to set the CPA and TCPA ranges ........................................................ 4-18
4.15 How to Associate TT and AIS Targets..................................................................... 4-19
4.16 How to View Own Ship Data ....................................................................................4-21
4.17 How to Use AIS Messages ...................................................................................... 4-22
4.17.1 How to create and save messages.............................................................. 4-22
4.17.2 How to transmit messages........................................................................... 4-23
4.17.3 How to view messages ................................................................................ 4-24
4.17.4 How to set up the AIS message notification................................................. 4-24
4.17.5 How to display AIS alert messages.............................................................. 4-25
4.18 AIS System Messages ............................................................................................. 4-26
5. VIDEO PLOTTER OPERATION ............................................................................5-1
5.1 Orientation Modes...................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 How to select a mark type.......................................................................................... 5-1
5.3 How to select the mark inscription position ................................................................ 5-2
5.4 Radar Map ................................................................................................................. 5-3
5.4.1 How to show/hide radar map marks............................................................... 5-3
5.4.2 How to select the mark color (B/W-type only)................................................ 5-4
5.4.3 How to inscribe marks.................................................................................... 5-4
5.4.4 How to delete marks ......................................................................................5-6
5.4.5 How to align the radar map............................................................................ 5-7
5.5 Origin Mark.................................................................................................................5-8
5.5.1 How to inscribe origin marks.......................................................................... 5-8
5.5.2 How to set origin mark stabilization................................................................ 5-9
5.5.3 How to delete origin marks............................................................................. 5-9
5.6 How to Change the Shape of the Own Ship Mark ................................................... 5-10
5.7 How to Use ECDIS Chart Marks .............................................................................. 5-11
5.8 Own Ship and Other Ship’s Track............................................................................ 5-12
5.8.1 How to show/hide tracks .............................................................................. 5-12
5.8.2 How to set the plotting interval..................................................................... 5-13
5.8.3 How to set the track color (A/B/W-types only).............................................. 5-14
5.8.4 How to automatically plot target tracks (A/B/W-types only) ......................... 5-14
5.8.5 How to delete tracks..................................................................................... 5-15
5.9 How to Use Waypoints............................................................................................. 5-16
5.9.1 How to set the data source for waypoints .................................................... 5-16
5.9.2 How to enter waypoints................................................................................ 5-17
5.9.3 How to erase waypoints............................................................................... 5-18
5.9.4 How to display the waypoint list ................................................................... 5-19
5.9.5 How to show/hide the waypoint name/number ............................................ 5-19
5.10 Routes......................................................................................................................5-20
5.10.1 How to set/edit an internal route .................................................................. 5-20
5.10.2 How to display routes................................................................................... 5-21
5.10.3 How to delete internal routes ....................................................................... 5-23
5.10.4 How to view the routes list ........................................................................... 5-23
5.10.5 How to use the waypoint arrival distance function ....................................... 5-24
5.11 Chart Functions........................................................................................................ 5-25
5.11.1 How to show/hide the chart.......................................................................... 5-25
5.11.2 How to align the chart position..................................................................... 5-26
5.11.3 How to select the chart type......................................................................... 5-27
5.11.4 Chart settings menu..................................................................................... 5-27
5.11.5 How to show/hide land mass emphasis ....................................................... 5-29
5.11.6 How to check your charts/symbol versions.................................................. 5-30

TABLE OF CONTENTS
xi
6. MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING ..............................................................6-1
6.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule.................................................................................6-2
6.2 How to Replace the Fuse ...........................................................................................6-3
6.3 Life Expectancy of Major Parts...................................................................................6-4
6.4 Trackball Maintenance ...............................................................................................6-4
6.5 Easy Troubleshooting.................................................................................................6-5
6.6 Advanced-level Troubleshooting ................................................................................6-6
6.7 Diagnostics.................................................................................................................6-8
6.8 Sentence Monitor .....................................................................................................6-12
6.9 Fallback Arrangements.............................................................................................6-12
APPENDIX 1 MENU TREE .......................................................................................AP-1
APPENDIX 2 LONGITUDE ERROR TABLE (96 NM SCALE) .................................AP-9
APPENDIX 3 ALERT CODES, MESSAGES & MEANINGS ..................................AP-11
APPENDIX 4 DATA COLOR AND MEANING........................................................AP-21
APPENDIX 5 ABBREVIATIONS.............................................................................AP-22
APPENDIX 6 SYMBOLS.........................................................................................AP-28
APPENDIX 7 PARTS LOCATION ..........................................................................AP-34
APPENDIX 8 RADIO REGULATORY INFORMATION ..........................................AP-43
SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................... SP-1
INDEX ......................................................................................................................... IN-1

xii
FOREWORD
A Word to the Owner of FAR-22x8/23x8 Series Marine Radar
Congratulations on your choice of the FURUNO FAR-22x8/FAR-23x8 series of radars. We are
confident you will see why FURUNO has become synonymous with quality and reliability.
Since 1948, FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable reputation for innovative and
dependable marine electronics equipment. This dedication to excellence is furthered by our ex-
tensive global network of agents and dealers.
Your radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine environment.
However, no machine can perform its intended function unless installed, operated and maintained
properly. Please carefully read and follow the recommended procedures for operation and main-
tenance.We would appreciate hearing from you, the end-user, about whether we are achieving
our goal.
Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO equipment.
Features
• The FAR-2xx8 series consists of the following models and configurations:
Magnetron radar
Solid state radar
*: Viewing distances are as follows: MU-190/MU-270W: 1020 mm; MU-231: 1200 mm.
• Two methods of operation are available: the standard supply control unit (RCU-014) and the
optional trackball unit (RCU-015/RCU-016). The ergonomically designed palm rest on the track-
ball unit makes it easy to use.
• Simple operation with “point-and-click” menu functionality.
Model Frequency
band
Size of
monitor unit*
Output
power
Transceiver
location
FAR-2218
X-band
19.0” 12 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2218-BB Local supply 12 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2318 23.1”/27” 12 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2228 19.0” 25 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2228-BB Local supply 25 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2328 23.1”/27” 25 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2328W 23.1”/27” 25 kW Transceiver unit
FAR-2238S
S-band
19.0” 30 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2238S-BB Local supply 30 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2338S 23.1”/27” 30 kW Antenna unit
FAR-2338SW 23.1”/27” 30 kW Transceiver unit
Model Frequency
band
Size of
monitor unit*
Output
power
Transceiver
location
FAR-2228-NXT
X-band
19.0” 600 W Antenna unit
FAR-2328-NXT 23.1”/27” 600 W Antenna unit
FAR-2228-NXT-BB Local supply 600 W Antenna unit
FAR-2238S-NXT
S-band
19.0” 250 W Antenna unit
FAR-2338S-NXT 23.1”/27” 250 W Antenna unit
FAR-2238S-NXT-BB Local supply 250 W Antenna unit

FOREWORD
xiii
• All functions can be accessed using only the trackball unit, however, RCU-016 trackball units
do not have a power button.
• TT, AIS, Radar Map, Interswitch and FURUNO’s unique Target Analyzer are supplied as stan-
dard.
• CPA/TCPA alarms.
• Targets activate the user-set alarm zone when entering or exiting the zone.
• The Target Analyzer function helps to find targets in high noise areas (rain/snow), or where
there is interference from surface reflections. (Available for B/W-types only.)
• The FAR-2xx8 series complies with MED 2014/90/EU and also the following directives:
IEC62388, IEC 62288, IMO MSC. 192(79).
Terminology standards used in this manual
This manual uses the following terminology standards:
For the sake of brevity, all procedures in this manual use the terms “Open the menu.” and “Close
the menu”.
Program numbers
Please access the following URL if you need software information:
http://www.furuno.com/en/merchant/radar/FAR-22x8_23x8/#SoftwareVersion
uu: Denotes minor changes to the software.
Terminology Meaning or usage example
Select • Use the trackball or scrollwheel on the control unit to move the cursor over
the item to be “selected”, then left-click.
• With a menu open: Press the appropriate menu number.
Left-click Press the left mouse button.
Right-click Press the right mouse button.
Control Unit Refers to the RCU-014 Control Unit, unless otherwise specified.
Open the menu. Press the MENU key to show the [MENU].
Close the menu. Press the MENU key to close the [MENU].
System Program no. Version no. Remarks
Antenna unit (common to all antennas)
SPU 0359281 01.uu For magnetron radar
SPU 0359286 01.uu For S-band solid state radar
SPU 0359477 01.uu For X-band solid state radar
MTR-DRV 0359293 01.uu
PM 0359296 01.uu
RF-Converter 0359302 01.uu For S-band solid state radar
RF-Converter 0359414 01.uu For X-band solid state radar
Processor Unit: RPU-025
MAIN 0359377 01.uu
SUB 0359380 01.uu
Control Unit: RCU-014/015/016
KEY 0359385 01.uu

FOREWORD
xiv
About the programs used in A/B/W-types with Radar Plotter functionality
• Ubiquitous QuickBoot Copyright©2015. Ubiquitous Corp. All right reserved.
• Portions of this software are copyright©2016. The FreeType Project (www.freetype.org). All
right reserved.
• This equipment includes GPL2.0, LGPL2.0, Apache, BSD, MIT or other licensed softwares. For
further software information, please access the following URL:
https://www.furuno.co.jp/en/contact/cnt_oss_e01.html
Radar Type and Function Availability
This radar is available in three specification types to meet the requirements of Authorities, and
function availability depends on specification type. The table below shows the function that have
limited availability. This manual provides descriptions for all functions of this radar series, and we
have endeavored to denote in the text those functions that have limited availability. For detailed
information on the function availability, see the menu tree at the back of this manual.
Type abbreviations and their meanings
• IMO: Meets the IMO requirements and is compliant with IMO regulations
• A: Near-IMO specifications
• B: Non-Japanese fishing vessels
• R: Russian River
• W: Washington Ferry
Function availability and specification type
Function Type
IMO A B R W
TT symbol selection No No Yes No Yes
Acquisition zone
range limitation
Yes No No Yes No
Auto Track Target No Yes Yes No Yes
Chart Display No Yes Yes No Yes
Color Echo No No Yes No Yes
Cursor range unit
selection
No No Yes No No
Cursor Size No No Yes No Yes
Echo area
configuration
No No Yes No Yes
Mark color No No Yes No Yes
Mark w/line No No Yes No Yes
Range [0.125],
[0.25], [0.5],
[0.75], [1.5],
[3], [6], [12],
[24], [48],
[96]
Same as
IMO
[0.125]***,
[0.25], [0.5],
[0.75], [1],
[1.5], [2], [3],
[4], [6], [8],
[12], [16],
[24], [32],
[48], [96],
[120]*
Same as
IMO
Same as B
Range unit [NM] only Same as
IMO
[NM], [SM],
[km], [kyd]
Same as
IMO
Same as B

FOREWORD
xv
*: The range setting [120] is only available when the range unit is set to km,kyd.
**: Available only for B/W-types.
***: The range setting [0.125] is only available when the range unit is set to [NM] or [SM].
Signal processing functions
This radar has the signal processing functions listed in the table below.
CE Declaration
With regards to CE declarations, please refer to our website (www.furuno.com) for further infor-
mation about RoHS conformity declarations.
VRM unit - selectable
unit
No No Yes No No
Track - Other ship No Yes Yes No Yes
Trail Eraser No No Yes No Yes
Trails - Color No No Yes No Yes
Trails - Hide No No Yes No Yes
Trails - Long No No Yes No Yes
Trails - Narrow No No Yes No Yes
WPT marker No Yes Yes No Yes
Target Analyzer No No Yes No Yes
Net Cursor No No Yes No Yes
Target Type to
Acquire
No No Yes No Yes
Check Area Setting No No Yes No Yes
Display Scroll** No No Yes No Yes
Dual Radar display No Yes Yes No No
Function Description Reference
Interference rejector Suppresses interference by other radars.
Interference received simultaneously from multiple
radars may be difficult to reduce.
See
section 1.22
Echo stretch Enlarges target echoes, especially small echoes.
Suppress interference, sea clutter and rain clutter be-
fore using echo stretch, to prevent enlargement of
unwanted echoes.
See
section 1.23
Echo averaging The radar samples echoes with each scan.
Targets that show a large change with each scan are
judged as clutter and are reduced to display only
echoes from legitimate targets.
See
section 1.24
Automatic clutter elimination Discriminates clutter from the radar echo, then reduc-
es the clutter automatically.
See
section 1.25
Noise rejector Reduces white noise then improves the on-screen
S/N ratio by processing the weighted moving aver-
age filter for the received echoes in the range direc-
tion. Use this function with caution. Weak target
echoes may disappear from the screen or the range
resolution may worsen.
See
section 1.26
Function Type
IMO A B R W

xvi
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
Note: Basic configuration is shown with a solid line. For footnotes, see "Notes" on page xx.
X-band (TR-UP)
IMO-type radar(s) must be interconnected to the following type approved sensors.
For other radar types, it is recommended to connect the following type approved sensors.
• EPFS meeting the requirements of the IMO resolution MSC.112(73).
• Gyrocompass (or equivalent devices) meeting the requirements of the IMO resolution A.424(XI).
• SDME meeting the requirements of IMO resolution MSC.96(72).
NOTICE
The radar may be interconnected via HUB-3000 to other FURUNO processing units having
approved LAN ports.
100-230 VAC 1ø, 50-60 Hz
Transformer
USB Device*9
440 VAC 1ø, 50-60 Hz
24 VDC
Rectifier
PR-850A
100/110/120 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz
USB Mouse
Switching Hub
HUB-100
Control Unit
RCU-014 or RCU-015
Monitor Unit*3
MU-190 or
MU-231 or
MU-270W
Intelligent Hub
HUB-3000*5
Gyrocompass*1(AD-10 format)
Gyrocompass*1(IEC61162 format)
AIS Transponder
EPFS*2(GPS)
SDME (Speed log)
AMS (IEC61162 format)
Sub monitor 1 of ECDIS*8
Sub monitor 2 of ECDIS*8
AMS (Contact)*4
Processor
Unit
RPU-025
100-230 VAC
100-230 VAC
Intelligent Hub
HUB-3000*6
100-230 VAC
OR
100-230 VAC
VDR
(IEC61162-450 format)
Sensors
(IEC61162-450 format)
VDR (Analog RGB)
: Standard supply
: Optional or local supply
ECDIS
Control Unit RCU-016
For AC
power
For DC
power
*12
or
Sub monitor Antenna
Cable*10
100-115/220-230 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz (for de-icer)
for FAR-2218(-BB)/2318, 12 kW
(w/ Performance Monitor PM-32A
*7
)
XN12CF-RSB128-105
XN20CF-RSB128-105
XN24CF-RSB128-105
for FAR-2228(-BB)/2328, 25 kW
(w/ Performance Monitor PM-32A
*7
)
XN12CF-RSB128-106
XN20CF-RSB128-106
XN24CF-RSB128-106
Antenna Unit
for FAR-2228-NXT(-BB)/2328-NXT, 600 W
(w/ Performance Monitor PM-32B*
7
)
XN12CF-RSB128-123
XN20CF-RSB128-123
XN24CF-RSB128-123

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
xvii
S-band (TR-UP)
Gyrocompass*1(AD-10 format)
Gyrocompass*1(IEC61162 format)
AIS Transponder
EPFS*2(GPS)
SDME (Speed log)
AMS (IEC61162 format)
ECDIS
AMS (Contact)*4
Sub monitor Antenna Cable
100-115/220-230 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz
(for de-icer)
Processor
Unit
RPU-025
Antenna Unit
for FAR-2238S(-BB)/2338S, 30 kW
(w/ Performance Monitor PM-52A*7
SN24CF-RSB129-107*11
SN30CF-RSB129-107*11
SN36CF-RSB129-107
Antenna Unit
for FAR-2238S-NXT(-BB)/2338S-NXT, 250 W
(w/ Performance Monitor PM-52B*7)
SN24CF-RSB133-111*11
SN30CF-RSB133-111*11
SN36CF-RSB133-111
Sub monitor 1 of ECDIS*8
Sub monitor 2 of ECDIS*8
Control Unit
RCU-014 or RCU-015
Control Unit RCU-016
: Standard supply
: Optional or local supply
USB Device*9
USB Mouse
100-230 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz
Transformer
440 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz
Switching Hub
HUB-100
Monitor Unit*3
MU-190 or
MU-231 or
MU-270W
Intelligent Hub
HUB-3000*5
100-230 VAC
100-230 VAC
Intelligent Hub
HUB-3000*6
100-230 VAC
OR
100-230 VAC
VDR
(IEC61162-450 format)
Sensors
(IEC61162-450 format)
VDR
(Analog RGB)

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
xviii
X-band (TR-DOWN)
Gyrocompass*1(AD-10 format)
Gyrocompass*1(IEC61162 format)
AIS Transponder
EPFS*2(GPS)
SDME (Speed log)
AMS (IEC61162 format)
ECDIS
AMS (Contact)*4
Sub monitor
Antenna Cable
100-115/220-230 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz
(for de-icer)
Processor
Unit
RPU-025
Transceiver Unit
RTR-108
Antenna Unit
for FAR-2328W, 25 kW
(w/ Performance Monitor PM-32A)
XN20CF-RSB130
XN24CF-RSB130
Wave guideSignal cable
Sub monitor 1 of ECDIS*8
Sub monitor 2 of ECDIS*8
Control Unit
RCU-014 or RCU-015
Control Unit RCU-016
: Standard supply
: Optional or local supply
USB Device*9
USB Mouse
100-230 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz
Transformer
440 VAC
1ø, 50-60 Hz
Switching Hub
HUB-100
Monitor Unit*3
MU-190 or
MU-231 or
MU-270W
Intelligent Hub
HUB-3000*5
100-230 VAC
100-230 VAC
Intelligent Hub
HUB-3000*6
100-230 VAC
OR
100-230 VAC
VDR
(IEC61162-450 format)
Sensors
(IEC61162-450 format)
VDR
(Analog RGB)