GE L90 User manual

831776A1.CDR
L90 Line Differential Relay
UR Series Instruction Manual
L90 Revision: 4.4x
Manual P/N: 1601-0081-J1 (GEK-112994)
Copyright © 2004 GE Multilin
GE Multilin
215 Anderson Avenue, Markham, Ontario
Canada L6E 1B3
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Internet: http://www.GEindustrial.com/multilin
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GE Industrial Systems
Title Page
ISO9001:2000
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GE Multilin's Quality Management
System is registered to
ISO9001:2000
QMI # 005094
UL # A3775

ADDENDUM
This Addendum contains information that relates to the L90 Line Differential Relay relay, version 4.4x. This addendum
lists a number of information items that appear in the instruction manual GEK-112994 (revision J1) but are not included
in the current L90 operations.
The following functions/items are not yet available with the current version of the L90 relay:
• Signal Sources SRC 5 and SRC 6
Version 4.0x and higher releases of the L90 relay includes new hardware (CPU and CT/VT modules).
• The new CPU modules are specified with the following order codes: 9E, 9G, and 9H.
• The new CT/VT modules are specified with the following order codes: 8F, 8H.
The following table maps the relationship between the old CPU and CT/VT modules to the newer versions:
The new CT/VT modules can only be used with the new CPUs (9E, 9G, 9H), and the old CT/VT modules can only be
used with the old CPU modules (9A, 9C, 9D). To prevent any hardware mismatches, the new CPU and CT/VT modules
have blue labels and a warning sticker stating “Attn.: Ensure CPU and DSP module label colors are the same!”. In
the event that there is a mismatch between the CPU and CT/VT module, the relay will not function and a DSP ERROR or
HARDWARE MISMATCH error will be displayed.
All other input/output modules are compatible with the new hardware.
With respect to the firmware, firmware versions 4.0x and higher are only compatible with the new CPU and CT/VT mod-
ules. Previous versions of the firmware (3.4x and earlier) are only compatible with the older CPU and CT/VT modules.
MODULE OLD NEW DESCRIPTION
CPU 9A 9E RS485 and RS485 (Modbus RTU, DNP)
9C 9G RS485 and 10Base-F (MMS/UCA2, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP)
9D 9H RS485 and Redundant 10Base-F (MMS/UCA2, Modbus TCP/IP, DNP)
CT/VT 8A 8F Standard 4CT/4VT
8C 8H Standard 8CT
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GE Industrial Systems
Addendum

GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GETTING STARTED 1.1 IMPORTANT PROCEDURES
1.1.1 CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS ........................................................................... 1-1
1.1.2 INSPECTION CHECKLIST ................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 UR OVERVIEW
1.2.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE UR ........................................................................... 1-2
1.2.2 HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE ......................................................................... 1-3
1.2.3 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE.......................................................................... 1-4
1.2.4 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS ................................................................................. 1-4
1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE
1.3.1 PC REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................ 1-5
1.3.2 INSTALLATION.................................................................................................. 1-5
1.3.3 CONNECTING ENERVISTA UR SETUP WITH THE L90 ................................. 1-7
1.4 UR HARDWARE
1.4.1 MOUNTING AND WIRING............................................................................... 1-10
1.4.2 COMMUNICATIONS........................................................................................ 1-10
1.4.3 FACEPLATE DISPLAY .................................................................................... 1-10
1.5 USING THE RELAY
1.5.1 FACEPLATE KEYPAD..................................................................................... 1-11
1.5.2 MENU NAVIGATION ....................................................................................... 1-11
1.5.3 MENU HIERARCHY ........................................................................................ 1-11
1.5.4 RELAY ACTIVATION....................................................................................... 1-12
1.5.5 RELAY PASSWORDS ..................................................................................... 1-12
1.5.6 FLEXLOGIC™ CUSTOMIZATION................................................................... 1-12
1.5.7 COMMISSIONING ........................................................................................... 1-13
2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.1.1 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.2 FEATURES ........................................................................................................ 2-3
2.1.3 ORDERING........................................................................................................ 2-4
2.2 PILOT CHANNEL RELAYING
2.2.1 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS ................................................................. 2-7
2.2.2 CHANNEL MONITOR ........................................................................................ 2-8
2.2.3 LOOPBACK TEST ............................................................................................. 2-8
2.2.4 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIPPING ....................................................................... 2-8
2.3 FUNCTIONALITY
2.3.1 PROTECTION AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS .................................................. 2-9
2.3.2 METERING AND MONITORING FUNCTIONS ................................................. 2-9
2.3.3 OTHER FUNCTIONS....................................................................................... 2-10
2.4 SPECIFICATIONS
2.4.1 PROTECTION ELEMENTS ............................................................................. 2-12
2.4.2 USER-PROGRAMMABLE ELEMENTS........................................................... 2-15
2.4.3 MONITORING.................................................................................................. 2-16
2.4.4 METERING ...................................................................................................... 2-17
2.4.5 INPUTS ............................................................................................................ 2-17
2.4.6 POWER SUPPLY ............................................................................................ 2-18
2.4.7 OUTPUTS ........................................................................................................ 2-18
2.4.8 COMMUNICATIONS........................................................................................ 2-19
2.4.9 INTER-RELAY COMMUNICATIONS ............................................................... 2-20
2.4.10 ENVIRONMENTAL .......................................................................................... 2-21
2.4.11 TYPE TESTS ................................................................................................... 2-21
2.4.12 PRODUCTION TESTS .................................................................................... 2-21
2.4.13 APPROVALS ................................................................................................... 2-21
2.4.14 MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................... 2-21
3. HARDWARE 3.1 DESCRIPTION
3.1.1 PANEL CUTOUT ............................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2 MODULE WITHDRAWAL AND INSERTION ..................................................... 3-4
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vi L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.1.3 REAR TERMINAL LAYOUT ...............................................................................3-5
3.2 WIRING
3.2.1 TYPICAL WIRING ..............................................................................................3-6
3.2.2 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH..................................................................................3-7
3.2.3 CONTROL POWER............................................................................................3-8
3.2.4 CT/VT MODULES...............................................................................................3-8
3.2.5 CONTACT INPUTS/OUTPUTS ........................................................................3-10
3.2.6 TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS.................................................................3-16
3.2.7 RS232 FACEPLATE PORT..............................................................................3-17
3.2.8 CPU COMMUNICATION PORTS.....................................................................3-18
3.2.9 IRIG-B...............................................................................................................3-20
3.3 L90 CHANNEL COMMUNICATION
3.3.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................3-21
3.3.2 FIBER: LED AND ELED TRANSMITTERS ......................................................3-22
3.3.3 FIBER-LASER TRANSMITTERS .....................................................................3-22
3.3.4 G.703 INTERFACE...........................................................................................3-23
3.3.5 RS422 INTERFACE .........................................................................................3-25
3.3.6 RS422 AND FIBER INTERFACE .....................................................................3-28
3.3.7 G.703 AND FIBER INTERFACE ......................................................................3-28
3.3.8 IEEE C37.94 INTERFACE................................................................................3-29
4. HUMAN INTERFACES 4.1 ENERVISTA UR SETUP SOFTWARE INTERFACE
4.1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................4-1
4.1.2 CREATING A SITE LIST ....................................................................................4-1
4.1.3 ENERVISTA UR SETUP OVERVIEW ................................................................4-1
4.1.4 ENERVISTA UR SETUP MAIN WINDOW..........................................................4-3
4.2 FACEPLATE INTERFACE
4.2.1 FACEPLATE .......................................................................................................4-4
4.2.2 LED INDICATORS..............................................................................................4-5
4.2.3 DISPLAY.............................................................................................................4-8
4.2.4 KEYPAD .............................................................................................................4-8
4.2.5 BREAKER CONTROL ........................................................................................4-8
4.2.6 MENUS...............................................................................................................4-9
4.2.7 CHANGING SETTINGS ...................................................................................4-11
5. SETTINGS 5.1 OVERVIEW
5.1.1 SETTINGS MAIN MENU ....................................................................................5-1
5.1.2 INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTS......................................................................5-3
5.1.3 INTRODUCTION TO AC SOURCES..................................................................5-5
5.2 PRODUCT SETUP
5.2.1 PASSWORD SECURITY....................................................................................5-8
5.2.2 DISPLAY PROPERTIES ....................................................................................5-9
5.2.3 CLEAR RELAY RECORDS ..............................................................................5-11
5.2.4 COMMUNICATIONS ........................................................................................5-12
5.2.5 MODBUS USER MAP ......................................................................................5-18
5.2.6 REAL TIME CLOCK .........................................................................................5-19
5.2.7 FAULT REPORTS ............................................................................................5-19
5.2.8 OSCILLOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................5-21
5.2.9 DATA LOGGER................................................................................................5-22
5.2.10 DEMAND ..........................................................................................................5-23
5.2.11 USER-PROGRAMMABLE LEDS .....................................................................5-24
5.2.12 USER-PROGRAMMABLE SELF-TESTS .........................................................5-28
5.2.13 CONTROL PUSHBUTTONS ............................................................................5-28
5.2.14 USER-PROGRAMMABLE PUSHBUTTONS....................................................5-30
5.2.15 FLEX STATE PARAMETERS ..........................................................................5-31
5.2.16 USER-DEFINABLE DISPLAYS ........................................................................5-32
5.2.17 INSTALLATION ................................................................................................5-34
5.3 SYSTEM SETUP
5.3.1 AC INPUTS.......................................................................................................5-35

GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.3.2 POWER SYSTEM............................................................................................ 5-36
5.3.3 SIGNAL SOURCES ......................................................................................... 5-37
5.3.4 L90 POWER SYSTEM..................................................................................... 5-40
5.3.5 BREAKERS...................................................................................................... 5-44
5.3.6 FLEXCURVES™.............................................................................................. 5-47
5.4 FLEXLOGIC™
5.4.1 INTRODUCTION TO FLEXLOGIC™............................................................... 5-54
5.4.2 FLEXLOGIC™ RULES .................................................................................... 5-63
5.4.3 FLEXLOGIC™ EVALUATION.......................................................................... 5-63
5.4.4 FLEXLOGIC™ EXAMPLE ............................................................................... 5-64
5.4.5 FLEXLOGIC™ EQUATION EDITOR ............................................................... 5-68
5.4.6 FLEXLOGIC™ TIMERS................................................................................... 5-68
5.4.7 FLEXELEMENTS™ ......................................................................................... 5-69
5.4.8 NON-VOLATILE LATCHES ............................................................................. 5-73
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS
5.5.1 OVERVIEW...................................................................................................... 5-74
5.5.2 SETTING GROUP ........................................................................................... 5-74
5.5.3 LINE DIFFERENTIAL ELEMENTS .................................................................. 5-74
5.5.4 LINE PICKUP................................................................................................... 5-78
5.5.5 DISTANCE ....................................................................................................... 5-80
5.5.6 POWER SWING DETECT ............................................................................... 5-98
5.5.7 LOAD ENCROACHMENT.............................................................................. 5-106
5.5.8 PHASE CURRENT ........................................................................................ 5-108
5.5.9 NEUTRAL CURRENT.................................................................................... 5-118
5.5.10 GROUND CURRENT..................................................................................... 5-126
5.5.11 NEGATIVE SEQUENCE CURRENT ............................................................. 5-128
5.5.12 BREAKER FAILURE...................................................................................... 5-133
5.5.13 VOLTAGE ELEMENTS.................................................................................. 5-142
5.5.14 SUPERVISING ELEMENTS .......................................................................... 5-148
5.6 CONTROL ELEMENTS
5.6.1 OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 5-154
5.6.2 SETTING GROUPS ....................................................................................... 5-154
5.6.3 SELECTOR SWITCH..................................................................................... 5-155
5.6.4 SYNCHROCHECK......................................................................................... 5-160
5.6.5 DIGITAL ELEMENTS..................................................................................... 5-164
5.6.6 DIGITAL COUNTERS .................................................................................... 5-167
5.6.7 MONITORING ELEMENTS ........................................................................... 5-169
5.6.8 PILOT SCHEMES .......................................................................................... 5-179
5.6.9 AUTORECLOSE ............................................................................................ 5-182
5.7 INPUTS/OUTPUTS
5.7.1 CONTACT INPUTS........................................................................................ 5-194
5.7.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS.......................................................................................... 5-196
5.7.3 CONTACT OUTPUTS.................................................................................... 5-197
5.7.4 LATCHING OUTPUTS................................................................................... 5-197
5.7.5 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ...................................................................................... 5-199
5.7.6 REMOTE DEVICES ....................................................................................... 5-200
5.7.7 REMOTE INPUTS.......................................................................................... 5-201
5.7.8 REMOTE OUTPUTS...................................................................................... 5-202
5.7.9 DIRECT INPUTS/OUTPUTS ......................................................................... 5-203
5.7.10 RESETTING................................................................................................... 5-205
5.8 TRANSDUCER I/O
5.8.1 DCMA INPUTS .............................................................................................. 5-206
5.8.2 RTD INPUTS.................................................................................................. 5-207
5.8.3 DCMA OUTPUTS .......................................................................................... 5-207
5.9 TESTING
5.9.1 TEST MODE .................................................................................................. 5-211
5.9.2 FORCE CONTACT INPUTS .......................................................................... 5-211
5.9.3 FORCE CONTACT OUTPUTS ...................................................................... 5-212
5.9.4 CHANNEL TESTS ......................................................................................... 5-213
6. ACTUAL VALUES 6.1 OVERVIEW
6.1.1 ACTUAL VALUES MAIN MENU ........................................................................ 6-1

viii L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin
TABLE OF CONTENTS
6.2 STATUS
6.2.1 CONTACT INPUTS ............................................................................................6-3
6.2.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..............................................................................................6-3
6.2.3 REMOTE INPUTS ..............................................................................................6-3
6.2.4 DIRECT INPUTS ................................................................................................6-4
6.2.5 CONTACT OUTPUTS ........................................................................................6-4
6.2.6 VIRTUAL OUTPUTS ..........................................................................................6-4
6.2.7 AUTORECLOSE.................................................................................................6-5
6.2.8 REMOTE DEVICES............................................................................................6-5
6.2.9 CHANNEL TESTS ..............................................................................................6-6
6.2.10 DIGITAL COUNTERS.........................................................................................6-7
6.2.11 SELECTOR SWITCHES ....................................................................................6-7
6.2.12 FLEX STATES....................................................................................................6-7
6.2.13 ETHERNET ........................................................................................................6-8
6.3 METERING
6.3.1 METERING CONVENTIONS .............................................................................6-9
6.3.2 87L DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT.......................................................................6-12
6.3.3 SOURCES ........................................................................................................6-13
6.3.4 SYNCHROCHECK ...........................................................................................6-16
6.3.5 TRACKING FREQUENCY................................................................................6-17
6.3.6 FLEXELEMENTS™ ..........................................................................................6-17
6.3.7 TRANSDUCER INPUTS/OUTPUTS.................................................................6-18
6.4 RECORDS
6.4.1 FAULT REPORTS ............................................................................................6-19
6.4.2 EVENT RECORDS...........................................................................................6-21
6.4.3 OSCILLOGRAPHY ...........................................................................................6-21
6.4.4 DATA LOGGER................................................................................................6-22
6.4.5 BREAKER MAINTENANCE .............................................................................6-22
6.5 PRODUCT INFORMATION
6.5.1 MODEL INFORMATION...................................................................................6-23
6.5.2 FIRMWARE REVISIONS..................................................................................6-23
7. COMMANDS AND
TARGETS
7.1 COMMANDS
7.1.1 COMMANDS MENU...........................................................................................7-1
7.1.2 VIRTUAL INPUTS ..............................................................................................7-1
7.1.3 CLEAR RECORDS.............................................................................................7-1
7.1.4 SET DATE AND TIME ........................................................................................7-2
7.1.5 RELAY MAINTENANCE.....................................................................................7-2
7.2 TARGETS
7.2.1 TARGETS MENU ...............................................................................................7-3
7.2.2 TARGET MESSAGES ........................................................................................7-3
7.2.3 RELAY SELF-TESTS .........................................................................................7-3
8. THEORY OF OPERATION 8.1 OVERVIEW
8.1.1 L90 DESIGN .......................................................................................................8-1
8.1.2 L90 ARCHITECTURE.........................................................................................8-1
8.1.3 REMOVAL OF DECAYING OFFSET .................................................................8-2
8.1.4 PHASELET COMPUTATION .............................................................................8-2
8.1.5 DISTURBANCE DETECTION ............................................................................8-3
8.1.6 FAULT DETECTION...........................................................................................8-3
8.1.7 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION............................................................................8-4
8.1.8 FREQUENCY TRACKING AND PHASE LOCKING...........................................8-4
8.1.9 FREQUENCY DETECTION ...............................................................................8-5
8.1.10 PHASE DETECTION..........................................................................................8-6
8.1.11 PHASE LOCKING FILTER .................................................................................8-9
8.1.12 CLOCK IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................8-10
8.1.13 MATCHING PHASELETS ................................................................................8-10
8.1.14 START-UP........................................................................................................8-10
8.1.15 HARDWARE AND COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS ..............................8-11
8.1.16 ONLINE ESTIMATE OF MEASUREMENT ERRORS ......................................8-11

GE Multilin L90 Line Differential Relay ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
8.1.17 CT SATURATION DETECTION ...................................................................... 8-12
8.1.18 CHARGING CURRENT COMPENSATION ..................................................... 8-13
8.1.19 DIFFERENTIAL ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS........................................... 8-14
8.1.20 RELAY SYNCHRONIZATION.......................................................................... 8-15
8.2 OPERATING CONDITION CHARACTERISTICS
8.2.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................. 8-16
8.2.2 TRIP DECISION EXAMPLE............................................................................. 8-18
8.2.3 TRIP DECISION TEST .................................................................................... 8-18
9. APPLICATION OF
SETTINGS
9.1 CT REQUIREMENTS
9.1.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 9-1
9.1.2 CALCULATION EXAMPLE 1 ............................................................................. 9-2
9.1.3 CALCULATION EXAMPLE 2 ............................................................................. 9-2
9.2 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL (87L) SETTINGS
9.2.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 9-3
9.2.2 CURRENT DIFF PICKUP .................................................................................. 9-3
9.2.3 CURRENT DIFF RESTRAINT 1 ........................................................................ 9-3
9.2.4 CURRENT DIFF RESTRAINT 2 ........................................................................ 9-3
9.2.5 CURRENT DIFF BREAK POINT ....................................................................... 9-3
9.2.6 CT TAP .............................................................................................................. 9-4
9.2.7 BREAKER-AND-A-HALF ................................................................................... 9-5
9.2.8 DISTRIBUTED BUS PROTECTION .................................................................. 9-7
9.3 CHANNEL ASYMMETRY COMPENSATION USING GPS
9.3.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................... 9-8
9.3.2 COMPENSATION METHOD 1 .......................................................................... 9-8
9.3.3 COMPENSATION METHOD 2 .......................................................................... 9-9
9.3.4 COMPENSATION METHOD 3 .......................................................................... 9-9
9.4 DISTANCE BACKUP/SUPERVISION
9.4.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................. 9-11
9.4.2 PHASE DISTANCE.......................................................................................... 9-12
9.4.3 GROUND DISTANCE ...................................................................................... 9-12
9.5 POTT SIGNALING SCHEME
9.5.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................. 9-13
9.6 SERIES COMPENSATED LINES
9.6.1 DISTANCE SETTINGS ON SERIES COMPENSATED LINES ....................... 9-14
9.6.2 GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT ................................................... 9-15
9.7 LINES WITH TAPPED TRANSFORMERS
9.7.1 DESCRIPTION................................................................................................. 9-16
9.7.2 TRANSFORMER LOAD CURRENTS.............................................................. 9-16
9.7.3 LV-SIDE FAULTS ............................................................................................ 9-17
9.7.4 EXTERNAL GROUND FAULTS ...................................................................... 9-17
10. COMMISSIONING 10.1 TESTING
10.1.1 CHANNEL TESTING ....................................................................................... 10-1
10.1.2 CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION TESTS ............................................................ 10-2
10.1.3 CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL ............................................................................. 10-3
10.1.4 LOCAL-REMOTE RELAY TESTS ................................................................... 10-4
A. FLEXANALOG
PARAMETERS
A.1 PARAMETER LIST

x L90 Line Differential Relay GE Multilin
TABLE OF CONTENTS
B. MODBUS
COMMUNICATIONS
B.1 MODBUS RTU PROTOCOL
B.1.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... B-1
B.1.2 PHYSICAL LAYER ............................................................................................ B-1
B.1.3 DATA LINK LAYER ........................................................................................... B-1
B.1.4 CRC-16 ALGORITHM ....................................................................................... B-2
B.2 MODBUS FUNCTION CODES
B.2.1 SUPPORTED FUNCTION CODES ................................................................... B-3
B.2.2 READ ACTUAL VALUES OR SETTINGS (FUNCTION CODE 03/04H) ........... B-3
B.2.3 EXECUTE OPERATION (FUNCTION CODE 05H)........................................... B-4
B.2.4 STORE SINGLE SETTING (FUNCTION CODE 06H)....................................... B-4
B.2.5 STORE MULTIPLE SETTINGS (FUNCTION CODE 10H) ................................ B-5
B.2.6 EXCEPTION RESPONSES............................................................................... B-5
B.3 FILE TRANSFERS
B.3.1 OBTAINING UR FILES VIA MODBUS .............................................................. B-6
B.3.2 MODBUS PASSWORD OPERATION............................................................... B-7
B.4 MEMORY MAPPING
B.4.1 MODBUS MEMORY MAP ................................................................................. B-8
B.4.2 DATA FORMATS............................................................................................. B-49
C. IEC 60870-5-104
COMMUNICATIONS
C.1 IEC 60870-5-104
C.1.1 INTEROPERABILITY DOCUMENT................................................................... C-1
C.1.2 POINT LIST ..................................................................................................... C-10
D. DNP COMMUNICATIONS D.1 DNP PROTOCOL
D.1.1 DEVICE PROFILE DOCUMENT .......................................................................D-1
D.1.2 IMPLEMENTATION TABLE .............................................................................. D-4
D.2 DNP POINT LISTS
D.2.1 BINARY INPUTS ............................................................................................... D-8
D.2.2 BINARY AND CONTROL RELAY OUTPUTS ................................................. D-14
D.2.3 COUNTERS..................................................................................................... D-15
D.2.4 ANALOG INPUTS............................................................................................ D-16
E. MISCELLANEOUS E.1 CHANGE NOTES
E.1.1 REVISION HISTORY......................................................................................... E-1
E.1.2 CHANGES TO THE L90 MANUAL.................................................................... E-2
E.2 ABBREVIATIONS
E.2.1 STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... E-4
E.3 WARRANTY
E.3.1 GE MULTILIN WARRANTY............................................................................... E-6