GE Osmonics E4H Series User manual

E4H Series Water
Purification Machines
Operation and Maintenance Manual
16,000 GPD to 43,200 GPD
60.6 m3/day to 163.5 m3/day
December 21, 2006
Document PN 1163955, Rev C
http://www.gewater.com

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1. Definitions...................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1.1. Permeate Rate (Product Water Rate) [Qp] ............................................................. 5
1.1.2. Concentrate Rate (Reject Rate) [Qc] ......................................................................... 5
1.1.3. Feed Rate [Qf]..................................................................................................................... 5
1.1.4. Reverse Osmosis (RO)..................................................................................................... 5
1.1.5. Membrane Elements....................................................................................................... 6
1.1.6. CIP ........................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1.7. Average Pressure [PAVG]................................................................................................. 7
1.1.8. Concentration.................................................................................................................... 7
1.1.9. Salt (Ionic) Passage.......................................................................................................... 7
1.1.10. Recovery............................................................................................................................... 7
1.1.11. Salt (Ionic) Rejection ........................................................................................................ 7
1.2. Flow Description ......................................................................................................................... 8
1.3. Machine Nomenclature........................................................................................................... 9
1.4. Economy (ECN) Model and Deluxe (DLX) Model Options........................................... 9
1.4.1. ECN Model ........................................................................................................................... 9
1.4.2. DLX Model Option...........................................................................................................10
1.5. Specifications for E-Series Machines ..............................................................................10
1.5.1. Feed Water Specifications .........................................................................................11
1.5.2. Permeate Flow Rate......................................................................................................11
1.5.3. Concentrate Flow Rate................................................................................................11
1.5.4. Operating Final Pressure ............................................................................................11
1.5.5. Pump....................................................................................................................................11
1.5.6. RO Membrane Rejection .............................................................................................12
2. INSTALLATION......................................................................................................................................12
2.1. Mounting......................................................................................................................................12
2.2. Piping.............................................................................................................................................12
2.2.1. Inlet Piping.........................................................................................................................12
2.2.2. Valves Required for CIP, ECN Models Only..........................................................13
2.2.3. Concentrate Outlet Connection...............................................................................13
2.2.4. Permeate Outlet Connection ....................................................................................13
2.3. Electrical.......................................................................................................................................13
2.3.1. ECN Electrical System ..................................................................................................13
2.3.2. DLX Electrical System...................................................................................................14
3. PREPARATION AND START-UP ......................................................................................................14
3.1. Pretreatment for Water Purification................................................................................14
3.2. Start-Up........................................................................................................................................15
4. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.................................................................................................18
4.1. Daily Log Sheets .......................................................................................................................19
4.2. Pre-Filter.......................................................................................................................................19
4.3. Flushing ........................................................................................................................................19
4.4. Cleaning........................................................................................................................................20
4.4.1. CLEANING PROCEDURE ...............................................................................................20

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 3
4.5. Draining Machine for Storage/Shipment ......................................................................21
4.6. Membrane Installation...........................................................................................................21
4.7. Membrane Replacement......................................................................................................23
5. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES.................................................................................................................23
5.1. Level Controls ............................................................................................................................23
5.2. Filters and Water Softeners.................................................................................................23
5.3. Storage Tanks............................................................................................................................23
6. TROUBLESHOOTING..........................................................................................................................24
7. SPARE PARTS LIST...............................................................................................................................31
8. RETURN GOODS AUTHORIZATION (RGA) PROCEDURE .......................................................31
9. WARRANTY/GUARANTEE.................................................................................................................31
9.1. Machine Warranty/Guarantee...........................................................................................31
9.2. Desal* Membrane Element Workmanship Warranty..............................................32
9.3. START-UP DATA.........................................................................................................................35
9.4. DAILY LOG FOR GE WATER & PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES ............................................
MEMBRANE MACHINES..........................................................................................................37
List of Tables
Table 1. Flow Specifications for E4H Machines, 50-75% Recovery................................10
Table 2. Feed Water Requirements ..............................................................................................11
Table 3. Membrane Element Specifications – AG4040F* ...................................................12
Table 4. Connection Schedule.........................................................................................................12
Table 5. Troubleshooting Guide .....................................................................................................24
Table 6. 2450 Input Specifications................................................................................................40
Table 7. 2450 Output Specifications ............................................................................................40
Table 8. 2450 Monitor Specifications...........................................................................................41
Table 9. Amplifier Settings in the Model 2450..........................................................................42
List of Figures
Figure 1. Normal vs. Crossflow Filtration ....................................................................................... 6
Figure 2. Membrane Element with Interconnectors................................................................. 6
Figure 3. Cross-Sectional View of Membrane Element ........................................................... 7
Figure 4. Principle of Operation..........................................................................................................8

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 4
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A - Operation of Lakewood Instruments 2450 RO Controller ......................38
A.1 Description ..................................................................................................................................38
A.1.1 LONWORKS* Technology.................................................................................................38
A.2 Features........................................................................................................................................40
A.3 Specifications.............................................................................................................................40
A.4 Setup, Calibration and Customization............................................................................41
A.1.2 Check the Operation.....................................................................................................41
A.1.3 Reinitialization..................................................................................................................41
A.1.4 Set up Conductivity Preamp Settings and Temperature ..................................
Compensation .................................................................................................................41
A.1.5 Testing.................................................................................................................................42
A.1.6 Calibration Methodology ............................................................................................43
A.1.7 Setpoints (pH, Conductivity, Temperature, Permeate and ..............................
Concentrate Flow)..........................................................................................................43
A.5 Technician, Security, and Operator Level Menus.......................................................44
A.6 Technician Level Menus ........................................................................................................45
A.1.8 Operation...........................................................................................................................46
A.1.9 Relays ..................................................................................................................................49
A.1.10 Alarms .................................................................................................................................50
A.1.11 Flow Meters.......................................................................................................................51
A.1.12 4-20 mA Output ..............................................................................................................52
A.1.13 System Setup ...................................................................................................................53
A.1.14 Clock.....................................................................................................................................57
A.7 Security Level Menus..............................................................................................................58
A.8 Operator/View Level Menus................................................................................................59

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 5
1. DESCRIPTION
Your E-Series reverse osmosis (RO) machine is a durable piece of equipment which,
with proper care, will last for many years. These instructions give operation and
maintenance details vital to the sustained performance of the machine. Please read
this manual completely before operating your machine.
1.1. Definitions
The operating definitions provided below will help you further understand your
machine and this manual.
1.1.1. Permeate Rate (Product Water Rate) [Qp]
The flow rate of purified water, which has passed through the membrane and out of
the membrane element, expressed in gal/min (gpm) or gal/hr (gph) or liter/min (lpm)
or cubic meters/hour (m3/h). Specified permeate rates are based on a feed water
temperature of 77 °F (25°C). Permeate rate will vary with temperature.
1.1.2. Concentrate Rate (Reject Rate) [Qc]
The flow rate of water containing rejected solids to drain in gpm or gph (lpm or m3/h).
1.1.3. Feed Rate [Qf]
The flow rate of incoming water in gpm or gph (lpm or m3/h). Feed water rate equals
permeate rate plus concentrate rate.
1.1.4. Reverse Osmosis (RO)
The separation of one component of a solution from another component by means of
pressure exerted on a semipermeable membrane. In other words, reversing the
natural passage of a liquid from a concentrated solution to a more dilute solution by
using external pressure. Removal of ionic, organic, and suspended /dissolved
impurities occurs during the RO process. Unlike a filter, which separates by “normal”
filtration, the membrane element separates using a process called crossflow
filtration. Feed water solution is separated in to two streams, permeate and
concentrate, and collected from both sides of the membrane. A semipermeable RO
membrane, under sufficient pressure, allows passage of purified water while rejecting
and concentrating dissolved and suspended solids.

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 6
Figure 1. Normal vs. Crossflow Filtration
1.1.5. Membrane Elements
Membrane elements are the key to reverse osmosis. Interleaved layers of
semipermeable membrane, spacer and permeate carrier spiraled around a central
permeate tube make up the element. The spacer allows for movement of the
concentrate past the membrane, and the permeate carrier carries the purified water
out of the membrane element. GE Water & Process Technologies manufactures a
patented spiral wound membrane element with a turbulent flow design. This
membrane module collects the purified water within the central tube, the permeate
tube. The E8 RO machine utilizes between 8 and 20 membrane elements.
Figure 2. Membrane Element with Interconnectors

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 7
Figure 3. Cross-Sectional View of Membrane Element
1.1.6. CIP
The abbreviation for clean-in-place.
1.1.7. Average Pressure [PAVG]
1.1.8. Concentration
Concentration equals the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentration of a solution
expressed as parts per million (ppm) or conductivity (microSiemens/cm).
Cf= Feed Concentration
Cp= Permeate Concentration
Cc= Concentrate Concentration
Cavg = Average Concentration in Machine
1.1.9. Salt (Ionic) Passage
The percent of dissolved salts passed through the membrane or 100% minus
rejection.
1.1.10. Recovery
Permeate rate divided by feed rate, expressed as a percentage. For example, 33%
recovery means that our of a given feed rate, 33% is produced as purified water
(permeate).
1.1.11. Salt (Ionic) Rejection
The percent of dissolved salt rejected by the membrane, calculated from an average
concentration over the membrane.
(
)
2
PP FinalPrimary +

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 8
An example of how to calculate salt rejection and recovery is given below.
Figure 4. Principle of Operation
Given the system case in the figure above:
Average Concentration, 2
CC
Ccf
Avg
+
=TDS237.5mg/L
2
375mg/L100mg/L = +
=
%5.96100
237.5mg/L
8.3mg/L237.5mg/L
100
C
CC
Rejection
Avg
pAvg =×
−
=×
−
=
%5.3100
237.5mg/L
8.3mg/L
C
C
Passage
Avg
p=×==
%75100
24gpm
18gpm
100
Q
Q
Recovery
f
p=×=×=
1.2. Flow Description
The feed water passes through a replaceable 5-micron cartridge filter, which
removes bulk suspended solids. Filtered water then flows to the inlet control valve.
This solenoid-controlled diaphragm valve is wired to the on/off switch and opens
when the machine is turned on, allowing water to flow to the pump inlet. When the
machine is turned off, the valve closes, preventing non-turbulent flow through the
membrane elements, which would lead to shortened membrane life.
The pump feeds water to the membrane housings arranged in parallel and serial
combinations. The direction of water flow is indicated by an arrow on each housing.
Water is separated by the membrane within the membranes and leaves the housings
in two streams: permeate and concentrate.

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 9
Permeate from each membrane housing is collected in a common manifold. The
permeate then flows through a flow meter and to the outlet point of the machine.
The concentrate leaves the last membrane housing and flows to the flow control
center (recycle/concentrate manifold). At this point, the recycle valve channels a
predetermined amount of concentrate into the pump inlet. Recycle increases
recovery while maintaining adequate cross-flow through the membranes. The other
two ports of the flow control center lead to the concentrate valve and final pressure
gauge. The concentrate valve has three functions: It controls the amount of
concentrate flowing to the drain; it controls the pressure within the machine; and it
helps control the system recovery. An autoflush solenoid is added to the flow control
center with an additional tee. The concentrate then flows through a flow meter and
to the outlet point of the machine.
1.3. Machine Nomenclature
E-Series water purification machines are numbered in such a way as to indicate the
permeate flow you can expect from the machine and other specifications.
Example: RO,E4H-21K-DLX, 460, 6, 50-75
• RO indicates the machine is a reverse osmosis machine.
• E4H indicates the machine series (E) and 4-inch housings/membrane elements
• H indicates horizontal membrane element housing configuration
• 21K indicates the rated permeate flow in thousands of gallons per day at 77°F
(25°C), i.e. 21K = 21,000 gallons per day
• DLX indicates the deluxe model and ECN indicates the economy model
• 460 indicates 460 VAC, 3-phase voltage to starter. Standard models offer 460 VAC,
60 Hz, 3-phase and 380 VAC, 50 Hz, 3-phase.
• 6indicates 60 Hz operation, (50 Hz operation is also available and is indicated by a
5in place of the 6.
• 50-75 indicates a recovery range of 50 to 75%.
1.4. Economy (ECN) Model and Deluxe (DLX) Model Options
1.4.1. ECN Model
E-Series ECN model water purification machines have all the features necessary for
safe, continuous production of high purity water. This assumes good quality feed
water, adequate pretreatment and regular operator maintenance, each shift or daily,
to the operation of the system.
• 50% to 75% recovery
• Multi-stage centrifugal pump, SS construction (stainless steel castings with Noryl*
stages)
• Base model electrical package includes NEMA-1 enclosure with a 110 VAC, 60 Hz or
220 VAC, 50 Hz single-phase control circuit; applies to all ECN models

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 10
• Automatic inlet shutoff valve
• Pre-filter housing and 1-micron cartridge filter
• Pre-filter, post-filter, primary and final pressure gauges
• Digital concentrate and permeate flow meters
• Digital conductivity monitor, panel-mounted, for permeate quality monitoring
Autoflush System - programmable, automated high-velocity membrane flushing for
the longest membrane life; set at the factory and adjustable in the field
• Gauges, valves and rigid piping of stainless steel or plastic
• Membrane housings, all 304 stainless steel, with Noryl end caps
• 316 stainless steel concentrate and recycle valves
• All components in contact with the purified water (permeate) are either FDA-
acceptable plastic (nylon, Noryl, polypropylene, PVC) or stainless steel materials.
• All high pressure fittings are 304 stainless steel.
• Alarms included: low inlet pressure and high amp draw
1.4.2. DLX Model Option
The DLX package contains all of the above ECN standard features along with a PLC
control system.
• Multi-stage centrifugal pump, SS construction (316 stainless steel end castings and
other wetted parts, Noryl internals)
• Autoflush System - programmable, automated high-velocity membrane flushing for
the longest membrane life; set at the factory and adjustable in the field
• All high pressure fittings are 304 stainless steel.
• Special electrical upgrade package includes PLC controller with alarm delay
shutdown for low inlet pressure condition to prevent pump damage should
pressure fall below 15 psig (1 bar)
• Clean-In-Place (CIP) system
• Digital flow meter and conductivity controller
• Digital pH controller
• Alarms included: low inlet pressure, high amp draw, high / low pH
1.5. Specifications for E-Series Machines
The machine flow specifications listed in Table 1 below are based on 77°F (25°C) and
2,000 ppm NaCl.
Table 1. Flow Specifications for E4H Machines, 50-75% Recovery
Model E4H-16K E4H-21K E4H-27K E4H-38K E4H-43K
Units gpm (m3/h) gpm (m3/h) gpm (m3/h) gpm (m3/h) gpm (m3/h)
Permeate Rate 11.2 (2.56) 15 (3.4) 18.8 (4.3) 26.2 (5.9) 30 (6.8)
Concentrate
Rate
11.2-3.7
(2.5-0.8)
15-5 (3.4-
1.1)
18.8-6.3
(4.3-1.4)
26.2-8.7
(5.9-2.0)
30-10 (6.8-
2.3)
Feed Rate 22.4-14.9
(5.1-3.4)
30-20 (6.8-
4.5)
37.6-25.1
(8.5-5.7)
52.4-34.9
(11.9-7.9)
60-40 (13.6-
9.1)

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 11
1.5.1. Feed Water Specifications
The feed water requirements stated in the following table must be met to ensure
quality permeate and extended membrane element life.
Table 2. Feed Water Requirements
Temperature Typical: 50-85°F (10-29°C)
Maximum: 32-104°F (0-40°C)
Inlet Pressure Minimum 30 psig (2.1 bar)
Maximum 60 psig (4.1 bar)
Chlorine (continuous feed) 0 ppm
Operating pH For soft water (less than 1 grain per gallon (gpg) or 17
mg/L hardness), acceptable pH is 4.0-11.0.
For unsoftened water (contact factory with water
analysis, acceptable pH is 5.5-6.0.
For short term (cleaning) a pH range of 2-12 is
acceptable.
Silt Density Index (SDI) Less than or equal to 3 to minimize membrane fouling
and extend cleaning intervals. Refer to ASTM standard
D4189.
1.5.2. Permeate Flow Rate
Stated in Table 1 above and on the machine serial number label (assumes no
permeate backpressure, 2000mg/L TDS maximum feed concentration, and rated
temperature).
To estimate permeate output with backpressure, use the formula below:
Maximum permeate backpressure is 80 psig (5.5 bar).
Pressure)(Operating
re)Backpressu(Permeate-Pressure)(Operating
Label)onFlow(Permeate ×
1.5.3. Concentrate Flow Rate
Stated in Table 1 and factory set as stated on serial number label.
1.5.4. Operating Final Pressure
Minimum - 200 psig (13.8 bar)
Maximum - 235 psig (16.2 bar)
1.5.5. Pump
Multi-stage centrifugal; approximate primary operating pressure of 190 psig (13.1
bar) excluding line pressure.

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 12
1.5.6. RO Membrane Rejection
E4H reverse osmosis machines use GE Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) covered
AG4040F membrane elements. For ordering information refer to the attached Spare
Parts List. See Table 3 below for details.
Table 3. Membrane Element Specifications – AG4040F*
Outer Cover Material FRP
Typical Ionic Rejection (TDS)* 99.0 – 99.5%
Nominal Permeate Flow Rate at 225 psi 2,200 gpd (8.3m3/day)
Typical Feed Water Temperature Range 50 – 85°F (10-29.4°C)
Maximum Temperature 122°F (50°C)
pH Range 4.0 – 11.0
Chlorine Tolerance < 0.01 ppm
Active Membrane Area 85 ft2(7.9 m2)
*Specification is based on a 2,000 mg/L NaCl solution at 225 psi (1,551 kPa) operating pressure, 77°F
(25°C), pH 7.5 and 15% recovery. Individual flux may vary +25%/-15%. Average salt rejection after a
minimum of 24 hours of continuous operation.
2. INSTALLATION
2.1. Mounting
E4H Series machines are equipped with a stand-alone frame, which supports the
machine. At least 45 inches (114 cm) of space should be allowed on each end of the
membrane element housings for removal and loading of membrane elements. If 45
inches (114 cm) are not available, the entire membrane element housing may need to
be removed for membrane element replacement.
2.2. Piping
The E4H comes with threaded NPT fittings.
Table 4. Connection Schedule
Model E4H-16K E4H-21K E4H-27K E4H-38K E4H-43K
Inlet 1.5-inch 1.5-inch 1.5-inch 1.5-inch 1.5-inch
Permeate 1.0-inch 1.0-inch 1.0-inch 1.0-inch 1.0-inch
Concentrate 1.0-inch 1.0-inch 1.0-inch 1.0-inch 1.0-inch
2.2.1. Inlet Piping
The feed water source is piped to the inlet using 1.5-inch NPT fittings. A CIP system is
supplied with the DLX Model E4H.
FOR ECN MODEL: To install a CIP system, remove plug and install valves on the E-
Series machine as described in Section 2.2.2. If the inlet pressure is in excess of 60

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 13
psig (4.1bar) or fluctuates by more than 5 psig (0.4 bar), a pressure regulator should
be installed ahead of the CIP tee.
2.2.2. Valves Required for CIP, ECN Models Only
IMPORTANT NOTE: GE has installed a plugged pipe tee in the inlet line of the E4H
units. This plug, when removed, will facilitate cleaning of the unit. A tee with (two)
two-way valves or a single three-way valve should also be installed on the permeate
and concentrate outlets to allow flow back to the cleaning tank. Never operate the
machine with the concentrate or permeate lines blocked. Severe damage to the unit
may result.
2.2.3. Concentrate Outlet Connection
Install the CIP valve on the concentrate outlet tee, connect a 1-inch hose or pipe, and
run it to an open drain. To avoid drainage from the machine while not in use, the
concentrate outlet piping should be placed at a height at least equal to the height of
the machine. A siphon break may also be installed in the concentrate line for added
protection. The concentrate outlet hose can be any length, and the diameter should
match the outlet on the machine. [Maximum backpressure is 60 psig (4.1 bar).]
2.2.4. Permeate Outlet Connection
Install the CIP valve on the permeate outlet tee. The pure water (permeate) should be
transported to the point of use via non-corroding type tubing, pipe, or hose. Examples
are: food-grade flexible nylon tubing, stainless steel tubing, or PVC hose. The
permeate outlet is 1-inch FNPT.
2.3. Electrical
The DLX and ECN E-Series models are supplied with a single-phase, 110 VAC 60 Hz or
220 VAC 50 Hz control circuit and 8-foot cord which plugs into a three-prong
grounded receptacle. For 220 VAC, 50 Hz units, plug must be customer-supplied. A 20
amp dedicated service circuit is required for proper operation.
For each model, the motor is wired at the factory to an overload protection magnetic
motor starter, which is controlled by a panel-mounted manual switch.
The electrical system control circuit is separate from the motor voltage. Therefore,
two supply voltages are required for electrical wiring in the field, the control circuit
voltage and a separate three-phase motor voltage. All field wiring must comply with
applicable local and national electric codes.
2.3.1. ECN Electrical System
• Connect the control circuit power cord to 115 VAC, 60 Hz, or 220 VAC, 50 Hz, single-
phase power.
• Connect the magnetic motor starter 230/460 VAC or 220/380 VAC, three-phase
power to match the motor voltage and phase. Check the tag (located on the motor

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 14
starter) that indicates the factory wiring. A separate, fused disconnect for the motor
wiring is required, with proper protection for the Hp and amp draw of the motor.
2.3.2. DLX Electrical System
• Connect the control circuit power cord to 115 VAC, 60 Hz, or 230 VAC, 50 Hz, single-
phase power.
• Connect the magnetic motor starter 230/460 VAC or 220/380 VAC, three-phase
power to match the motor voltage and phase. Check the tag (located on the motor
starter) that indicates the factory wiring. A separate, fused disconnect for the motor
wiring is required, with proper protection for the Hp and amp draw of the motor.
3. PREPARATION AND START-UP
3.1. Pretreatment for Water Purification
All systems will operate most efficiently on filtered water with a pH of less than 6.5
and a Silt Density Index (SDI) of 3 or below. If the machine is operated on higher pH
water, other forms of pretreatment may be necessary. A water analysis prior to start-
up of the machine is required. To minimize the chances of calcium carbonate,
calcium sulfate, or other salt precipitation on the membrane, GE Water & Process
Technologies evaluates each application and water condition and makes specific
recommendations to ensure continuity of the membrane membrane warranty. Data
from the water analysis is processed with a computer program analysis to determine
if potential problems exist. If the machine is to be run at a different location than was
originally intended, a new water analysis is required for warranty consideration and
should be sent to GE Water & Process Technologies for review and recommendations
for operation of the machine.
Before entering the machine, the feed water must be filtered to 1 microns.
TLC membrane feed water must not contain the following chemicals or permanent
loss of rejection and/or permeate flow may result:
• Free chlorine
• Formalin (until after a membrane has been run for 24 hours; thereafter, 0.5%-
formaldehyde may be used as a biocide)
• Iodine compounds
• Quaternary germicides
• Cationic surfactants
• Detergents containing non-ionic surfactants
• Cleaners not approved by GE Water & Process Technologies
CAUTION: A water softener should not regenerate while the machine is running
unless safeguards are used to be sure the machine is operated on softened water
during regeneration.

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 15
3.2. Start-Up
NOTE: If your machine is provided with the membranes installed in the housings,
proceed to step 1. If your machine is provided with the membranes in shipping boxes,
you must load the membranes in the housings prior to starting the machine. For
membrane loading instructions, skip to Section 4.6. Upon completion of membrane
installation, return to section 3.2.1 to continue your start-up procedure.
1. Re-check the function and integrity of your pretreatment equipment. Ensure
that your water softener, activated carbon filters and iron filters (where
applicable) have been leak-checked, backwashed, and thoroughly rinsed for
service before starting up your RO unit.
2. Attach the feed water pipe to the inlet of the machine.
3. Check for leaks at all connection points.
4. Turn on the feed water gradually and check for leaks in the inlet piping. No
flow should go through the machine while the power is off and the inlet
solenoid is in the closed position.
NOTE: When the machine is off, there should never be flow through the machine.
Flow through the machine when it is off can ruin the membranes, and the inlet
solenoid must be repaired.
5. Attach tubing from permeate and concentrate outlet points, and run the
tubing to drain.
6. Ensure that you have made provisions for both voltages required to operate
your machine. The machine requires two power sources: (1) the high voltage
for the motor operation, and (2) the control circuit power supply. The factory
provides the 110 VAC (or 220 VAC 50 Hz) power cord needed for the control
circuit. The motor electrical service must be field-wired directly into the motor
starter on the machine. Bring your motor service to terminals labeled “T” on
the motor starter. Check the voltage label to ensure that you have brought the
correct voltage to the starter.
7. Be sure the power to the motor starter is de-energized.
8. With the machine ON/OFF switch in the OFF position, plug in the factory
supplied 110 VAC (or 220 VAC 50 Hz) power cord.
9. Open your concentrate and recycle flow control valves two complete turns.
These valves are positioned on the flow control center of the machine. This
piping is located on the left section of the machine, near the membrane
housings. The flow control center features a concentrate flow control valve, a
recycle flow control valve, and a pressure gauge sensor point piped into the
panel-mounted pressure gauge.
NOTE: The autoflush valve is positioned in this flow control center.

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 16
The proper adjustment of these valves is critical to the operation of the RO
machine. The concentrate valve determines the amount of rejected water
leaving the machine, and creates the operating pressure shown on the
pressure gauge. The recycle valve returns unused reject flow back into the
inlet stream to the RO pump. It is important to balance the operating pressure
and the respective flows of these valves to ensure that your machine is
operating correctly. It is also important to understand the relationship of these
two valves, the pressure gauge, and your RO pump. The pump has a fixed
amount of flow produced, and the valves are the control devices to distribute
this fixed flow amount. The pressure gauge is an indicator of applied
membrane pressure, at the flows set by the valves.
10. Turn the ON/OFF switch to the ON position. Water will begin to flow through
the machine at this point but the pump will not start. Allow the machine to
operate in this manner for 10 minutes, to purge the air out of the machine.
Verify alarm set points in the Lakewood 2450 Reverse Osmosis controller.
Consult Appendix A - Lakewood Model 2450 Installation and Operation
Manual for operating instructions. The factory alarm setpoints are as follows:
Low Inlet Pressure 12 psig
Low pH 2.0
High pH 8.0
pH Control 5.6-6.2
High Temperature 120°F (39°C)
NOTE: The high-pressure pump should not be operating at this time.
11. As your machine is filling check for leaks and repair as needed.
12. Turn the ON/OFF switch to the OFF position.
13. Energize the power source to the motor starter. The pump should not operate
at this point.
14. Check the rotation of the high pressure pump by briefly turning the ON/OFF
switch to the ON position. Watch the motor, or coupling shaft, for direction of
rotation. The motor should rotate clockwise as one looks at the motor end of
the high pressure pump. If the motor is not rotating clockwise, change any
two of the three leads (for three-phase) in the motor starter and recheck
rotation. Always turn the power off to change any wiring.
CAUTION: Operation of the pump backwards for even a short time can
cause damage to the pump.
Turn the ON/OFF switch to the ON position. The high-pressure pump will
operate and the machine will begin to build pressure. As you are operating, be

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 17
sure to watch the pressure gauge on the instrument panel. The machine is
designed to operate at 220 psi (15.2 bar).
NOTE: Do not allow the pressure to exceed 250 psi (17.3 bar). If the pressure
exceeds 250 psi (17.3 bar), open the concentrate flow control valve until the
pressure gauge shows 250 psi (17.3 bar) or less.
As the machine purges the air and fills with water, the pressure will gradually
increase. You should see water flowing through the permeate and
concentrate flow meters. If you do not see flow, turn the machine off and
return to step 1.
NEVER ALLOW THE MACHINE TO OPERATE WITHOUT ADEQUATE WATER
PRESSURE. THIS CAN CAUSE SEVERE DAMAGE TO THE HIGH-PRESSURE PUMP.
15. Gradually close the concentrate flow control valve. As you close the valve,
watch the pressure gauge and your concentrate flow meter. Close the valve
until your concentrate flow meter displays your design flow, and you do not
exceed 250 psi (17.3 bar). If you reach 250 psi (17.3 bar) before the valve is
completely closed, open the recycle flow control valve one full turn, then
continue to close the concentrate flow control valve. Continue to close the
concentrate flow control valve until it is completely closed and your pressure
is below 250 psi (17.3 bar).
The concentrate flow control valve has a drilled orifice to ensure a
predetermined amount of flow and pressure in the closed position. This orifice
is sized to operate the machine at 75% recovery.
16. With the concentrate flow control valve fully closed and the pressure below
250 psi (17.3 bar), gradually close the recycle flow control valve until the
pressure reaches 250 psi (17.3 bar).
Your machine is now operating at the design pressure and flow rates, in a
75% recovery configuration. Your specific needs or conditions may dictate the
need to operate the machine at a lower recovery. If you wish to operate in a
recovery configuration lower than 75%, step 17 will explain the necessary
steps.
17. Your machine is equipped with flow meters and a pressure gauge that will
assist you in setting alternate flow rates for variable recoveries. If you wish to
operate at a recovery lower than 75% you must ensure that the flow rates for
the permeate and concentrate are at desired levels. Some minor adjustments
in the concentrate and recycle flow control valves may be necessary.
See Table 1 for specified flow rates for various machine recoveries. When you
have selected your desired flow rate, gradually adjust the concentrate flow
control valve to achieve desired flow and use the recycle valve to bring the
operating pressure up to 250 psi (17.3 bar).

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 18
Once the desired flow rate is achieved [250 psi (17.3 bar) operating pressure]
no further valve adjustment is needed.
NOTE: Permeate flow rates are dependent upon temperature and conditions
at your site. Contact your dealer if you have any questions.
18. The system is now operational.
19. Before putting the machine into final operation, continue to run the permeate
and concentrate streams to drain for at least 30 minutes. This is done to
ensure that all of the bactericide has been removed from the membranes.
20. Connect the permeate line to the point of use of the permeate. Check for leaks
and ensure that you have no kinks in hoses, or blockage of any piping on the
permeate and concentrate outlet lines.
21. Make any necessary final adjustments to flows and pressure according to step
17.
NOTE: The membrane(s) in your machine are rated for certain flow rates at
77ºF (25ºC). Maximum flow rates are achieved when the membranes have
been completely rinsed and on-line for at least 24 hours.
22. A daily log sheet, which includes general operating conditions (pressures,
flows, concentrations, pH, and pretreatment conditions), and routine or special
maintenance (flushing or cleaning as needed) must be kept. This log sheet will
be required by GE Water & Process Technologies if a warranty question arises.
4. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
The operation and maintenance of your GE Water & Process Technologies E4H
Machine is relatively simple but requires regular data recording and routine
preventative maintenance. We cannot emphasize too strongly the importance of
filling out the daily log sheet during each operating shift. A data sheet was filled out
upon start-up containing pertinent facts on the operation of your machine. These two
records are invaluable in diagnosing the performance of the equipment and must be
kept for reference.
If you have questions concerning the operation of your machine or the method of
data recording, contact the GE Water & Process Technologies Application
Engineering Department. The three preventative maintenance procedures, which
must be done on a regular basis are as follows:
1. Change the pre-filter cartridge.
2. Flush the machine daily.
3. Clean the machine with approved GE Water & Process Technologies cleaners.

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 19
See the following sections for specific maintenance procedures.
4.1. Daily Log Sheets
A daily log sheet, which includes general operating conditions (pressures, flows and
concentrations) and routine or special maintenance (pre-filter changes, flushing,
cleaning, etc.) must be kept. Copies of the log can be made from the template. A copy
of this log sheet will be required by GE Water & Process Technologies if a warranty
question arises.
4.2. Pre-Filter
A 1-micron pre-filter is factory-installed to protect the membranes and valves from
particles, which may be in the feed water. The pre-filter uses two 20-inch (50.8-cm)
diameter, 1-micron nominal rated cartridges. To order replacements, see the
standard parts list.
The filter cartridges must be replaced, at a minimum, once per week or after every
100 hours of operation, whichever comes first. A pressure drop of 8 psig (0.6 bar)
across the filter or more during operation indicates one or more cartridges need
changing. Use only GE Water & Process Technologies approved filters rated for 5
microns or less. Do not attempt to clean used filters - install new replacements.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Failure to change the filter according to these requirements will
void the warranty.
4.3. Flushing
The machine should be flushed at least daily to remove sediment from membrane
surfaces. To flush the unit:
1. Open the concentrate valve until the pressure gauge indicates the minimum
pressure designated on the nameplate. This increases the flushing action on
the membrane.
NOTE: If pressure will not decrease to designated pressure, or if the concentrate
rate does not increase when the valve is opened, the valve may be plugged.
2. Operate the machine at the designated minimum pressure for 10 to 20
minutes.
CAUTION: Do not operate the machine below the designated pressure without
approval from GE Water & Process Technologies. Operation below the stated
pressure may be detrimental to the pump.
3. Close the concentrate valve and ensure that the proper concentrate flow rate
is going to the drain (see the nameplate on the panel).
NOTE: The Autoflush (AUF) system, available in DLX packages, automatically
flushes the machine and eliminates the need for frequent manual flushing.

E4H Series
Operation & Maintenance Manual 20
4.4. Cleaning
Cleaning the E-Series machine on a regular basis is vital. Over time, contaminants
build up to form a layer on membrane surfaces, reducing the permeate flow and
quality. If this buildup is not removed from the membrane, it may cause permanent
chemical damage and reduce membrane life. A decrease in permeate flow and/or
rejection of salts, or an increased pressure drop across the machine will indicate
when cleaning is required. Cleaning may be required as often as once every week or
as infrequently as every three months, depending upon the local water supply
conditions. GE Water & Process Technologies recommends cleaning at least once a
quarter to assure good membrane element performance and long membrane
element life.
4.4.1. CLEANING PROCEDURE
1. With the RO machine running, open the CIP permeate valve. After this valve
has been opened, close the permeate service valve. Permeate water will flow
into the CIP tank. Allow the water to run through the CIP tank and the CIP tank
drain valve for a few minutes to ensure the tank is rinsed thoroughly.
After a minute or so, close the CIP tank drain valve. The CIP tank should begin to
fill with RO permeate. When the CIP tank has filled to the indicated full line, turn
the ON/OFF switch on the RO machine to the OFF position.
2. While the machine is OFF, open the CIP inlet valve. Divert the permeate and
concentrate streams to the cleaning container for recirculation. Ensure that
the pre-filter is clean. A CIP pump (supplied with DLX models only) is
recommended to supply feed pressure into the machine.
3. To circulate the cleaning solution through the machine with suction, remove
the CIP plug. Use a non-collapsible suction hose or pipe to feed the machine.
NOTE: Do not allow the machine pump to operate without concentrate flow. If
pump prime is lost while cleaning on suction, positive inlet pressure is required to
re-prime. No air should be sucked into the inlet line during suction cleaning.
4. Turn the CIP ON/OFF switch to the ON position and recirculate the cleaning
solution through the machine. The cleaning solution should be recycled for
approximately 15 minutes or until the solution temperature reach 85°F (29°C).
If heat rise occurs too quickly, larger volumes of cleaning solution or the use of
a heat exchanger will slow the temperature rise. Turn the CIP off and allow it
to soak for 10 minutes.
NOTE FOR TLC MEMBRANE: It is best to clean at temperatures of 100°F to 110°F
(38°C to 43°C), but lower temperatures will suffice. Do not allow the cleaning
temperature to exceed 110°F (43°C). Allow the cleaning solution to recirculate for
10 minutes. Turn the machine off and allow the membranes to soak in the
solution for approximately 20 minutes.