Growatt SPF 2000TL User manual

Off Grid Solar Inverter
2KVA-5KVA
Version: 4.0
User Manual

Table Of Contents
1.0 Information on this Manual.......................................................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Validity ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Scope.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Target Group .............................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.4 Safety Instructions..................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2.0 Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Features ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Product Overview....................................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.0 Installation................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Unpacking and Inspection.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Preparation ................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
3.3 Mounting the Unit ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4
3.4 Battery Connection..................................................................................................................................................................... 5
3.4.1 Lead acid Battery Connection................................................................................................................................................................5
3.4.2 Lithium Battery Connection ...................................................................................................................................................................6
3.4.3 Lithium battery communication and setting..........................................................................................................................................7
3.5 AC Input/Output Connection ..................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.6 PV Connection .......................................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.7 Final Assembly ......................................................................................................................................................................... 11
3.8 Communication Connection ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
3.9 Dry Contact Signal.................................................................................................................................................................... 11
3.10 Parallel Installation (Only 4KVA/5KVA available).................................................................................................................. 12
3.10.1 Parallel Board Installation ..................................................................................................................................................................12
3.10.2 Mounting the Unit................................................................................................................................................................................13
3.10.3 Parallel Operation in Single phase(Only 4KVA/5KVA available)......................................................................................................14
3.10.4 Parallel Commissioning......................................................................................................................................................................16
3.10.5 Parallel Operation in three phase(Only 4KVA/5KVA available)........................................................................................................17
3.10.6 Support three-phase equipment.........................................................................................................................................................20
4.0 Operation...............................................................................................................................................................................................................21
4.1 Power ON/OFF ......................................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2 Operation and Display Panel .................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2.1 LCD Display Icons.................................................................................................................................................................................22
4.2.2 LCD Setting ...........................................................................................................................................................................................24
4.3 Display Information ................................................................................................................................................................. 29
4.4 Operating Mode Description..................................................................................................................................................... 31
4.5 Fault Reference Code ............................................................................................................................................................... 32
4.6 Warning Indicator .................................................................................................................................................................... 33
5.0 Battery Equalization...............................................................................................................................................................................................34
6.0 Specifications.........................................................................................................................................................................................................35
7.0 Trouble Shooting....................................................................................................................................................................................................38

1.0 Information on this Manual
1.1 Validity
This manual is valid for the following devices:
SPF 2000TL HVM-24/HVM-48
SPF 3000TL HVM-24/HVM-48
SPF 4000TL HVM/HVM-P
SPF 5000TL HVM/HVM-P
1.2 Scope
This manual describes the assembly, installation, operation and troubleshooting of this unit. Please read this
manual carefully before installations and operations.
1.3 Target Group
This document is intended for qualified persons and end users. Tasks that do not require any particular
qualification can also be performed by end users. Qualified persons must have the following skills:
Knowledge of how an inverter works and is operated
Training in how to deal with the dangers and risks associated with installing and using electrical
devices and installations
Training in the installation and commissioning of electrical devices and installations
Knowledge of the applicable standards and directives
Knowledge of and compliance with this document and all safety information
1.4 Safety Instructions
WARNING: This chapter contains important safety and operating instructions.
Read and keep this manual for future reference.
1. CAUTION –Only qualified personnel can install this device with battery.
2. Before using the unit, read all instructions and caution marks on the unit, understand the batteries and
all appropriate sections of this manual.
3. NEVER cause AC output and DC input short circuited. Do NOT connect to the mains when DC input
short circuits.
4. NEVER charge a frozen battery.
5. Do not disassemble the unit. Take it to a qualified service center when service or repair is required.
Incorrect re-assembly may result in a risk of electric shock or fire.
6. To reduce risk of electric shock, disconnect all wiring before attempting any maintenance or cleaning.
Turning off the unit will not reduce this risk.
7. Be very cautious when working with metal tools on or around batteries. A potential risk, such as dropping
a tool to spark or short circuit batteries or other electrical parts, could cause an explosion.
8. For optimum operation of this off grid solar inverter, please follow required spec to select appropriate cable
size. It’s very important to correctly operate this off grid solar inverter.
9. Please strictly follow installation procedure when you want to disconnect AC or DC terminals. Please
refer to INSTALLATION section of this manual for the details.
10. GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS –This off grid solar inverter should be connected to a permanent grounded
wiring system. Be sure to comply with local requirements and regulation to install this inverter.
11. Fuses with particular standard are provided as over-current protection for the battery supply.
12. Warning!! Only qualified service persons are able to service this device. If errors still persist after
following troubleshooting table, please send this off grid solar inverter back to local dealer or service center
for maintenance.

2.0 Introduction
Hybrid Power System
This is a multifunctional off grid solar inverter, integrated with a MPPT/PWM solar charge controller, a
high frequency pure sine wave inverter and a UPS function module in one machine, which is perfect for
off grid backup power and self-consumption applications. The transformerless design provides reliable
power conversion in compact size.
The whole system also need other devices to achieve complete running such as PV modules, generator, or
utility grid. Please consult with your system integrator for other possible system architectures depending on
your requirements. The WiFi / GPRS module is a plug-and-play monitoring device to be installed on the
inverter. With this device, users can monitor the status of the PV system from the mobile phone or from the
website anytime anywhere.
2.1 Features
Rated power 2KW to 5KW, power factor 1
Built-in MPPT solar charge controller
High frequency inverter with small size and light weight
Pure sine wave AC output
Overload, short circuit and deep discharge protection
Configurable AC/ solar input priority via LCD setting
Compatible to mains voltage or generator power
With CAN/RS485 for BMS communication
WIFI/ GPRS remote monitoring (optional)
Parallel operation available for 4KW/5KW (optional)

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2.2 Product Overview
Single Model (2KVA/3KVA)
Single Model (4KVA/5KVA) Parallel Model (4KVA/5KVA)
6. AC input
7. WiFi/GPRS communication port
8. USB communication port
9. Dry contact
10. PV input
11. Power on/off switch
12. Battery input
13. Parallel communication ports (only for parallel model)
14. Current sharing ports (only for parallel model)
15. AC output
16. Circuit breaker
18.Rs485 communication port (for expansion)
17.BMS communication port (support CAN/RS485 protocol)
1. LCD display
2. Status indicator
3. Charging indicator
4. Fault indicator
5. Function buttons

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3.0 Installation
3.1 Unpacking and Inspection
Before installation, please inspect the unit. Be sure that nothing inside the package is damaged. You should
have received the following items in the package:
The unit x 1
User manual x 1
USB Communication cable x 1
Current sharing cable (parallel model available)
Parallel communication cable (parallel model available)
Note: The Software CD is no longer provided, if necessary, please download it from the official website
www.ginverter.com
3.2 Preparation
Before connecting all wiring, please take off bottom cover by removing two screws as shown below.
3.3 Mounting the Unit
Consider the following points before selecting where to install:
Do not mount the inverter on flammable construction materials.
Mount on a solid surface
Install this inverter at eye level in order to allow the LCD
display to be read at all times.
The ambient temperature should be between 0°C and 55°C
to ensure optimal operation.
The recommended installation position is to be adhered to
the wall vertically.
Be sure to keep other objects and surfaces as shown in the
right diagram to guarantee sufficient heat dissipation and
to have enough space for removing wires.
SUITABLE FOR MOUNTING ON CONCRETE OR
OTHER NON-COMBUSTIBLE SURFACE NLY.
Install the unit by screwing three screws. It’s recommended to use M4 or M5 screws.

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3.4 Battery Connection
3.4.1 Lead acid Battery Connection
User can choose proper capacity lead acid battery with a nominal voltage at 48V for 48V model and at 24V
for 24 model.You need to choose battery type as “AGM(default) or FLD”.
CAUTION: For safety operation and regulation compliance, it’s requested to install a separate DC over-
current protector or disconnect device between battery and inverter. It may not be requested to have a
disconnect device in some applications, however, it’s still requested to have over-current protection installed.
Please refer to typical amperage in below table as required fuse or breaker size.
Ring terminal:
WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified person.
WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use
appropriate cable for battery connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the
proper recommended cable and terminal size as below.
Recommended battery cable and terminal size:
Model
(48V)
Maximum
Amperage
Battery
capacity
Wire Size
Ring Terminal
Torque
value
Cable
mm2
Dimensions
D (mm)
L (mm)
SPF 2000TL
47A
100AH
1*6AWG
14
6.4
29.2
2~ 3 Nm
2*10AWG
8
6.4
23.8
SPF 3000TL
71A
100AH
1*4AWG
22
6.4
29.2
2~ 3 Nm
200AH
2*8AWG
14
6.4
23.8
SPF 4000TL
94A
200AH
1*4AWG
22
6.4
39.2
2~ 3 Nm
2*8AWG
16
6.4
33.2
SPF 5000TL
117A
200AH
1*2AWG
38
6.4
39.2
2~ 3 Nm
2*6AWG
28
6.4
33.2
Model
(24V)
Maximum
Amperage
Battery
capacity
Wire Size
Ring Terminal
Torque
value
Cable
mm2
Dimensions
D (mm)
L (mm)
SPF 2000TL
94A
100AH
1*4AWG
22
6.4
29.2
2~ 3 Nm
2*8AWG
16
6.4
23.8
SPF 3000TL
141A
100AH
1*2AWG
38
6.4
33.2
2~ 3 Nm
200AH
2*6AWG
28
6.4
29.2
Note: For lead acid battery, the recommended charge current is 0.2C(Cbattery capacity)
Please follow below steps to implement battery connection:
1. Assemble battery ring terminal based on recommended battery cable and terminal size.
2. Connect all battery packs as units requires. It’s suggested to connect at least 100Ah capacity battery for
2KVA/3KVA model and at least 200Ah capacity battery for 4KVA/5KVA model.
3. Insert the ring terminal of battery cable flatly into battery connector of inverter and make sure the bolts are
tightened with torque of 2-3 Nm. Make sure polarity at both the battery and the inverter/charge is correctly
connected and ring terminals are tightly screwed to the battery terminals.

6
WARNING: Shock Hazard
Installation must be performed with care due to high battery voltage in series.
CAUTION!! Do not place anything between the flat part of the inverter terminal and the ring
terminal. Otherwise, overheating may occur.
CAUTION!! Do not apply anti-oxidant substance on the terminals before terminals are
connected tightly.
CAUTION!! Before making the final DC connection or closing DC breaker/disconnector, be sure
positive (+) must be connected to positive (+) and negative (-) must be connected to negative
(-).
3.4.2 Lithium Battery Connection
If choosing lithium battery for Growatt SPF series products, you are allowed to use the lithium battery only which
we have configured. There're two connectors on the lithium battery, RJ45 port of BMS and power cable.
Please follow below steps to implement lithium battery connection:
1. Assemble battery ring terminal based on recommended battery cable and terminal size (same as Lead acid, see
section 3.4.1 for details) .
2. Insert the ring terminal of battery cable flatly into battery connector of inverter and make sure the bolts are
tightened with torque of 2-3Nm. Make sure polarity at both the battery and the inverter/charge is correctly
connected and ring terminals are tightly screwed to the battery terminals.
3. Connect the end of RJ45 of battery to BMS communication port(RS485 or CAN) of inverter.
4. The other end of RJ45 insert to battery communication port (RS485 or CAN).
Note: If choosing lithium battery, make sure to connect the BMS communication cable between the battery and
the inverter. You need to choose battery type as “lithium battery”

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3.4.3 Lithium battery communication and setting
In order to communicate with battery BMS, you should set the battery type to “LI” in Program 5. Then the LCD will
switch to Program 36, which is to set the protocol type. There are several protocols in the inverter. Please get
instruction from Growatt to choose which protocol to match the BMS.
1. Connect the end of RJ45 of battery to BMS communication port of inverter
Make sure the lithium battery BMS port connects to the inverter is Pin to Pin, the inverter BMS port pin and RS485
port pin assignment shown as below:
Pin number
BMS port
RS485 port
(for expansion)
1
RS485B
RS485B
2
RS485A
RS485A
3
--
--
4
CANH
--
5
CANL
--
6
--
--
7
--
--
8
--
--
2. LCD setting
To connect battery BMS, need to set the battery type as “LI” in Program 05.
After set “LI” in Program 05, it will switch to Program 36 to choose battery type. There will be some options under
Program 36.
05
Battery type
AGM (default)
Flooded
Lithium (only suitable when communicated with BMS)
User-Defined
If “User-Defined” is selected, battery charge voltage and low
DC cut-off voltage can be set up in program 19, 20 and 21.
User-Defined 2（suitable when lithium battery without BMS
communication
If “User-Defined 2” is selected, battery charge voltage and low
DC cut-off voltage can be set up in program 19, 20 and 21. It is
recommended to set to the same voltage in program 19 and
20(full charging voltage point of lithium battery). The inverter
will stop charging when the battery voltage reaches this setting.
36
RS485
Communication protocol
Protocol 1
Protocol 2
.
.
.
.
.
.
Protocol 50

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CAN
Communication protocol
Protocol 51
Protocol 52
.
.
.
.
.
.
Protocol 99
Note: When the battery type set to Li, the setting option 12, 13, 21 will change to display percent.
Note: When the battery type set as “LI”, the Maximum charge current can't be modified by the user. When the
communication fail, the inverter will cut off output.
Note: Any questions about communicating with BMS, please consult with Growatt.
3. Communicating with battery BMS in parallel system
If need to use communicate with BMS in a parallel system, you should make sure to connect the BMS
communication cable between the battery and one inverter of the parallel system. It’s recommended to connect to
the master inverter of the parallel system.
12
Setting SOC point back to
utility source when selecting
“SBU priority” or “Solar first”
in program 01
Default 50%, 6%~95% Settable
13
Setting SOC point back to
battery mode when selecting
“SBU priority” or “Solar first”
in program 01
Default 95%, 10%~100% Settable
21
Low DC Cut-off SOC.
If self-defined is selected in
program 5, this program can be
set up
Default 20%, 5%~50% Settable

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3.5 AC Input/Output Connection
CAUTION!! Before connecting to AC input power source, please install a separate AC breaker between
inverter and AC input power source. This will ensure the inverter can be securely disconnected during
maintenance and fully protected from over current of AC input. The recommended spec of AC breaker is
20A for 2KVA, 32A for 3KVA, 40A for 4KVA and 50A for 5KVA.
CAUTION!! There are two terminal blocks with “IN” and “OUT” markings. Please do not mis-connect input
and output connectors.
WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.
WARNING! It’s very important for system safety and efficient operation to use appropriate cable for AC input
connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended cable size as below.
Suggested cable requirement for AC wires
Model(230V)
Gauge
Torque Value
SPF 2000TL
14 AWG
0.8~ 1.0 Nm
SPF 3000TL
12 AWG
1.2~ 1.6 Nm
SPF 4000TL
10 AWG
1.4~ 1.6Nm
SPF 5000TL
8 AWG
1.4~ 1.6Nm
Please follow below steps to implement AC input/output connection:
1. Before making AC input/output connection, be sure to open DC protector or disconnector first.
2. Remove insulation sleeve 10mm for six conductors. And shorten phase L and neutral conductor N 3 mm.
3. Insert AC input wires according to polarities indicated on terminal block and tighten the terminal screws. Be
sure to connect PE protective conductor first.
→Ground (yellow-green)
L→LINE (brown or black)
N→Neutral (blue)
WARNING:
Be sure that AC power source is disconnected before attempting to hardwire it to the unit.
4. Then, insert AC output wires according to polarities indicated on terminal block and tighten terminal screws. Be
sure to connect PE protective conductor first.
→Ground (yellow-green)
L→LINE (brown or black)
N→Neutral (blue)
5. Make sure the wires are securely connected.
CAUTION: Important
Be sure to connect AC wires with correct polarity. If L and N wires are connected reversely, it may cause
utility short-circuited when these inverters are worked in parallel operation.

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3.6 PV Connection
CAUTION: Before connecting to PV modules, please install separately a DC circuit breaker between inverter
and PV modules.
WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.
WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use appropriate cable for PV module
connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended cable size as below.
Model
Typical Amperage
Cable Size
Torque
SPF 2000TL/
SPF 3000TL 24Vdc
50A
8 AWG
1.4~1.6 Nm
SPF 2000TL/
SPF 3000TL 48Vdc
30A
10AWG
1.4~1.6 Nm
SPF 4000TL
SPF 5000TL
80A
6 AWG
1.4~1.6 Nm
PV Module Selection:
When selecting proper PV modules, please be sure to consider below parameters:
1. Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules not exceeds max. PV array open circuit voltage of inverter.
2. Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules should be higher than min. battery voltage.
Solar Charging Mode
INVERTER MODEL
SPF 2000TL
SPF 3000TL
SPF 4000TL
SPF 5000TL
Battery Voltage
24V
48V
Max. PV Array Open Circuit Voltage
102Vdc max
145Vdc max
PV Array MPPT Voltage Range
30~80Vdc
60~115Vdc
Min. battery voltage for PV charge
17Vdc
34Vdc
Please follow below steps to implement PV module connection:
1. Remove insulation sleeve 10 mm for positive and negative conductors.
2. Check correct polarity of connection cable from PV modules and PV input
connectors. Then, connect positive pole (+) of connection cable to positive
pole (+) of PV input connector. Connect negative pole (-) of connection
cable to negative pole (-) of PV input connector.
3. Make sure the wires are securely connected.
CAUTION: Appliances such as air conditioner are required at least 2~3 minutes to restart because it’s
required to have enough time to balance refrigerant gas inside of circuits. If a power shortage occurs and
recovers in a short time, it will cause damage to your connected appliances. To prevent this kind of damage,
please check with manufacturer of air conditioner that if it’s equipped with time-delay function before
installation. Otherwise, this off grid solar inverter will trig overload fault and cut off output to protect your
appliance but sometimes it still causes internal damage to the air conditioner.

11
3.7 Final Assembly
After connecting all wiring, please put bottom cover back by screwing two screws as shown below.
3.8 Communication Connection
Please use supplied communication cable to connect to inverter and PC. Follow on-screen instruction to install
the monitoring software. For the detailed software operation, please check user manual of software. The
monitoring software is downloadable from our website www.ginverter.com.
3.9 Dry Contact Signal
There is one dry contact(3A/250VAC) available on the rear panel. It could be used to deliver signal to external device
when battery voltage reaches warning level.
Unit Status
Condition
Dry contact port:
NC & C
NO & C
Power Off
Unit is off and no output is powered
Close
Open
Power On
Output is powered from Utility
Close
Open
Output is
powered from
Battery or Solar
Program 01 set
as Utility first
Battery voltage (SOC)< Low DC
warning voltage(SOC)
Open
Close
Battery voltage(SOC) > Setting
value in Program 13 or battery
charging reaches floating stage
Close
Open
Program 01 is
set as SBU or
Solar first
Battery voltage (SOC)< Setting
value in Program 12
Open
Close
Battery voltage (SOC)> Setting
value in Program 13 or battery
charging reaches floating stage
Close
Open

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3.10 Parallel Installation (Only 4KVA/5KVA available)
3.10.1 Parallel Board Installation
(Following steps just for some cusomers have installed the inverter,but later need to increase the connection
function,so need to install the parallel board by themselves)
This installation steps are only applied to 4KVA/5KVA model.
Step 1: Remove wire cover by unscrewing all screws.
Step 2: Remove communication board by unscrewing two screws as below chart.
Step 3: Remove Rs485 communication board by unscrewing two screws as below chart.
Step 4: Remove two screws as below chart and remove 2-pin and 14-pin cables. Take out the board under the
communication board.
Step 5: Remove two screws as below chart to take out cover of parallel communication.
Step 6: Install new parallel board with 2 screws tightly.

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Step 7: Re-connect 2-pin and 14-pin to original position.
Parallel board Communication board
Step 8: Put communication board back to the unit.
Step 9: Put wire cover back to the unit. Now the inverter is providing parallel operation function.
3.10.2 Mounting the Unit
When installing multiple units, please follow below chart.
Note: For proper air circulation to dissipate heat, allow a clearance of approx. 20cm to the side and approx. 50 cm
above and below the unit. Be sure to install each unit in the same level.

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3.10.3 Parallel Operation in Single phase(Only 4KVA/5KVA available)
WARNING:
All inverters must be connected to the same batteries and ensure each group of cables from the
inverters to the batteries in the same length.
Two inverters in parallel:
Power Connection
Communication Connection
Three inverters in parallel:
Power Connection
Communication Connection

15
Four inverters in parallel:
Power Connection
Communication Connection
Five inverters in parallel:
Power Connection
Communication Connection

16
Six inverters in parallel:
Power Connection
Communication Connection
3.10.4 Parallel Commissioning
Parallel in single phase
Step 1: Check the following requirements before commissioning:
 Correct wire connection
 Ensure all breakers in Line wires of load side are open and each Neutral wires of each unit are connected
together.
Step 2: Turn on each unit and set “PAL” in LCD setting program 23 of each unit. And then shut down all units.
Note: It’s necessary to turn off switch when setting LCD program. Otherwise, the setting can not be programmed.
Step 3: Turn on each unit.
LCD display in Master unit
LCD display in Slave unit
Note: Master and slave units are randomly defined.
Step 4: Switch on all AC breakers of Line wires in AC input. It’s better to have all inverters connect to utility at the
same time. If not, it will display warning 15.
LCD display in Master unit
LCD display in Slave unit
Step 5: If there is no more fault alarm, the parallel system is completely installed.
Step 6: Please switch on all breakers of Line wires in load side. This system will start to provide power to the
load.

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3.10.5 Parallel Operation in three phase(Only 4KVA/5KVA available)
WARNING:
All inverters must be connected to the same batteries and ensure each group of cables from the
inverters to the batteries in the same length.
3 inverters group three phase
One inverter in each phase:
Power Connection
Communication Connection
4 inverters group three phase
Two inverters in one phase and only one inverter for the remaining phases:
Power Connection
Communication Connection

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5 inverters group three phase
Type 1:Two inverters in two phases and only one inverter for the remaining phase:
Power Connection
Communication Connection
Type 2:Three inverters in one phase and only one inverter for the remaining two phases:
Power Connection
Communication Connection