Hanna Instruments HI 96759C User manual

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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
HI96759C
Maple Syrup Transmittance Analyzer

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent
of the copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895, USA.
Thank you for choosing a Hanna Instruments product.
Please read this instruction manual carefully before using the instrument.
This manual will provide you with the necessary information for correct use of
the instrument, as well as a precise idea of its versatility.
If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e‑mail us at
[email protected] or view our worldwide contact list at www.hannainst.com.
Dear
Customer,

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ............................................................................................
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................
ABBREVIATIONS ..............................................................................................................
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE....................................................................................................
SPECIFICATIONS...............................................................................................................
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ...............................................................................................
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................
ERRORS AND WARNINGS .................................................................................................
GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT .............................................................
STARTUP ........................................................................................................................
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ............................................................................................
BATTERY MANAGEMENT ...................................................................................................
BATTERY REPLACEMENT ...................................................................................................
ACCESSORIES ..................................................................................................................
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Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any damage
occurred during shipment, please contact your local Hanna Instruments Office.
Each HI96759 Ion Selective Meter is supplied complete with:
• Six Sample Cuvettes
• One Light Shield Cap
• 5 mL Syringes (2 pcs.)
• 30 mL Glycerol (1 bottle)
• 9V Battery
• Cloth for wiping cuvettes
• Instrument Quality Certificate
• Instruction Manual and Quick Reference Guide
• Rigid carrying case
Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any
defective item must be returned in its original packing.
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

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The HI96759 is an auto diagnostic portable microprocessor meter that benefits from
Hanna Instruments’ years of experience as a manufacturer of analytical instruments. It has the
advanced optical system based on a special tungsten lamp and a narrow band interference filter
that allows most accurate and repeatable readings. All instruments are factory calibrated and the
electronic and optical design minimizes the need of frequent calibration.
All instruments are splash proof and the lamp and filter units are protected from dust or dirt. This
makes the instruments fulfill field applications. Display messages aid the user in routine operation.
The meter has an auto‑shut off feature that will turn off the instrument after 10 minutes of non
use in measurement mode or after 1 hour if left in calibration mode.
The meter uses an exclusive positive‑locking system to ensure that the cuvette is in the same position
every time it is placed into the measurement cell.
The HI96759 measures the percent light transmittance of maple syrup compared to analytical grade
glycerol. The transmittance value allows identification of the syrup quality class.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
degree Celsius
degree Fahrenheit
milliliter
millivolt
Liquid Crystal Display
°C:
°F:
mL:
mV:
LCD:
ABBREVIATIONS

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Color class Range (% Tansmittance)
Grade A Light Amber 75.0 to 100.0
Grade A Medium Amber 60.5 to 74.9
Grade A Dark Amber 44.0 to 60.4
Grade B for reprocessing 27.0 to 43.9
Substandard less than 27.0
The primary characteristic for classifying maple syrup is color. When syrup is very light in color, as
matching the minimum light transmittance standards, the grade assigned to syrup is high. When
syrup color is dark, the grade is low. Color classes are expressed in percent of light transmission as
compared to an analytical Glycerol Standard Reference fixed at one hundred percent transmission.
All syrup is considered to be at minimum density, 66.0 degrees Brix at 68 °F (20 °C), and to have
no flavors or other characteristics extraneous to pure maple syrup.

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SPECIFICATIONS
Range 0.0 to 100.0 % Transmittance
Resolution 0.1 % Transmittance
Accuracy
@25 ˚C (77 ˚F) ±3 % @75.0 % Transmittance
Light Source Tungsten Lamp
Light Detector Silicon Photocell with narrow band interference filter @560 nm
Method Direct Measurement
Environment 0 to 50 °C (32 to 122 °F);
max 95% RH non‑condensing
Battery Type 9V (1 pc.)
Auto‑Shut off
After 10’ of non‑use in measurement mode;
after 1 hour of non‑use in calibration mode;
with last reading reminder
Dimensions 192 x 104 x 69 mm (7.6 x 4.1 x 2.7”)
Weight 320 g (11.3 oz.)
REQUIRED REAGENTS
Code Description Quantity/test
HI93703‑57 Glycerol 4 mL

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Absorption of Light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and
matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by atoms,
molecules or crystal lattices.
If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length
through the matter and on the physical‑chemical characteristics of the substance according to the
Lambert‑Beer Law:
‑log I/Io= ελc d
or
A = ελc d
Where:
‑log I/Io = Absorbance (A)
Io = intensity of incident light beam
I = intensity of light beam after absorption
ε
λ= molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ
c = molar concentration of the substance
d = optical path through the substance
Therefore, the concentration “c” can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the
other factors are known.
Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound from a
specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a compound
strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral bandwidth should
be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.
The optical system of Hanna Instruments’ HI96 series colorimeter is based on special subminiature
tungsten lamps and narrow‑band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and
reliable results.
HI96 series block diagram (optical layout)
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
A microprocessor controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically conditioned
and beamed to the sample contained in the cuvette. The optical path is fixed by the diameter of
the cuvette. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to obtain a light
beam of intensity Ioor I.
The photoelectric cell collects the radiation Ithat is not absorbed by the sample and converts it
into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.
The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring
unit and to display it on the LCD.
The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the actual
measurement is performed.
The cuvette has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires particular
attention. It is important that both, the measurement and the calibration (zeroing) cuvettes, are
optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Whenever possible use the same
cuvette for both. It is necessary that the surface of the cuvette is clean and not scratched. This to avoid
measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light. It is recommended
not to touch the cuvette walls with hands.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring phases,
it is necessary to close the cuvette to prevent any contamination.

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DISPLAY ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION
1) The measuring scheme (lamp, cuvette, detector), appears during different phases of zero or
reading measurement
2) Error messages and warnings
3) The battery icon indicates the charge state of the battery
4) The hourglass appears when an internal checking is in progress
5) Four digit main display
6) Measuring units
KEYPAD DESCRIPTION
• ON/OFF: to turn the meter on and off.
• CAL: to calibrate the meter prior to measurement.
• READ: to make a measurement.
OPERATING MODES
• Measurement mode: default operation mode, enables both calibration and measurement.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
1) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
2) CAL key
3) READ key
4) ON/OFF key
5) Cuvette alignment indicator
6) Cuvette holder

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The instrument shows clear messages when erroneous condition appears. Messages are also displayed
when the obtained values are outside expected range. The beeper is playing a beep on errors.
a) on calibration
Light High: There is too much light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the calibration cuvette.
Light Low: There is not enough light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the calibration cuvette.
ERRORS AND WARNINGS
No Light: The instrument cannot adjust the light level. Please check
that the sample does not contain any debris.
Cal: Calibration was not performed. Follow the instructions of the
measurement procedure for calibrating the meter.
b) on sample reading
Under range: A blinking “0.0” indicates that the sample absorbs
less light than the zero reference. Check the procedure and make
sure you use the same cuvette for reference (calibration) and
measurement.
Over Range: A flashing value of the maximum concentration
indicates an over range condition. The concentration of the sample
is beyond the programmed range: dilute the sample and re‑run
the test.

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Cap error: Appears when external light enters in the analysis cell.
Assure that the cuvette cap is present.
Cooling lamp: The instrument waits for the lamp to cool down.
d) other errors and warnings
ERRORS AND WARNINGS
Battery low: The battery must be replaced soon.
Dead battery: This indicates that the battery is dead and must
be replaced. Once this indication is displayed, normal operation of
the instrument will be interrupted. Change the battery and restart
the meter.

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• It is important that the sample does not contain any debris. This would corrupt the reading.
• Samples should be completely free of air bubbles. If bubbles are present, let the samples stand
until air bubbles have completely disappeared (not more than 30 minutes, see note below).
• It is recommended to take the sample of maple syrup in the middle of the container.
• It is recommended to take and analyze samples at room temperature.
• Do not use the same cuvette with glycerol for more than 5‑10 times to perform calibration and
dispose of it after 1 day has passed.
• Never re‑use maple syrup sample cuvettes, dispose of them after use.
• Use one syringe for glycerol, and the other one for syrup in order to avoid contamination.
Note: Maple Syrup samples exposed to direct sun light and/or air will darken over time.
This is caused by microorganisms.
The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure best accuracy.
• Use matched square cuvettes, having 4 clear faces and 10 mm path length.
• Do not touch the cuvette walls with hands.
• Whenever the cuvette is placed into the measurement cell, it must be dry outside, and completely
free of fingerprints, oil or dirt. Wipe it thoroughly with HI731318 or a lint‑free cloth prior to
insertion.
GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

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To compensate the meter for the sample turbidity or color, the measurement takes place in two
phases. First, the meter is zeroed using the unreacted sample. After the reagents are added the
reacted sample is measured.
Prepare the instrument for measurement as follows:
• Unpack the instrument by removing the dust protection sleeve from the instrument cuvette
holder.
• Place the battery in the instrument as described in the “BATTERY REPLACEMENT” chapter.
• Place the instrument on a flat table.
• Do not place the instrument under direct sun light.
STARTUP
• Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF. The display briefly shows all tags on.
• When the beeper sounds briefly and the LCD displays dashes, the meter is ready. The blinking
“CAL” indicates that the instrument needs to be calibrated first.
• Use a first syringe to fill one cuvette with 4 mL of Glycerol, up to 5 mm (0.2’’) below the rim.
This is the Glycerol Standard Reference.
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

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• Place the cuvette into the cuvette holder paying attention to the direction of the light indicated
by the arrow on the instrument. Then put the light shield cap on and ensure that the notch on
the cap is positioned securely into the groove.
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
• Press CAL and the lamp, cuvette and detector icons will appear on the display, depending on
the measurement phase.
• After a few seconds, the display will show “100.0%”. The meter is now calibrated and ready
for measurement.
• Remove the Glycerol cuvette.
• Use the second syringe to add to a clean cuvette 4 mL of maple syrup, up to 5 mm (0.2’’)
below the rim. This is the sample.

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INTERFERENCES
Interference may be caused by air bubbles or turbidity in the sample. Scratched or dirty cuvettes
will also affect readings. Always check clearness of cuvettes prior to use.
• Place the sample cuvette into the cuvette holder paying attention to the direction of the light
indicated by the arrow on the instrument. Then put the light shield cap on and ensure that the
notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove.
• Press READ and the lamp, cuvette and detector icons will appear on the display, depending
on the measurement phase.
• At the end of measurement, the instrument directly displays percent of light transmittance as
compared to Glycerol Standard (fixed at one hundred percent) on the LCD.
• Check in the manual to which color class the transmittance value corresponds.
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

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BATTERY MANAGEMENT
To save battery, the instrument shuts down after 10 minutes of non‑use in measurement mode
and after 1 hour of non‑use in calibration mode.
If a valid measurement was displayed before auto‑shut off, the value is displayed when the
instrument is switched on. The blinking “CAL” means that a new calibration has to be performed.
One fresh battery lasts for around 750 measurements, depending on the light level.
The remaining battery capacity is evaluated at the instrument startup and after each measurement.
The instrument displays a battery indicator with three levels as follows:
• 3 lines for 100 % capacity
• 2 lines for 66 % capacity
• 1 line for 33 % capacity
• Battery icon blinking if the capacity is under 10 %.
If the battery is empty and accurate measurements can’t be taken anymore, the instrument shows
“dEAd bAtt” and turns off.
To restart the instrument, the battery must be replaced with a fresh one.

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• Turn the instrument off by pressing ON/OFF.
• Turn the instrument upside down and remove the battery cover by turning it counterclockwise.
• Extract the battery from its location and replace it with a fresh one.
• Insert back the battery cover and turn it clockwise to close.
To replace the instrument’s battery, follow the steps:
BATTERY REPLACEMENTACCESSORIES
Analysis Kit
HI93703-56 Kit for Maple Syrup analysis, induding 82 cuvettes, 30 mL of Glycerol
and two 5 mL Syringe (75 tests average)
Other Accessories
HI740029P 9V battery (10 pcs.)
HI731318 Cloth for wiping cuvettes (4 pcs.)
HI93703-50 Cuvette cleanning solution (230 mL)
HI740318 Carrying case
MAN96759 01/18

Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design, construction or appearance of its
products without advance notice.
Warranty HI96759 is warranted for two years against defects in workmanship and
materials when used for its intended purpose and maintained according to
the instructions.
This warranty is limited to repair or replacement free of charge.
Damages due to accident, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed mainte‑
nance are not covered.
If service is required, contact your local Hanna Instruments Office . If under
warranty, report the model number, date of purchase, serial number and the
nature of the failure. If the repair is not covered by the warranty, you will be
notified of the charges incurred.
If the instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a
Returned Goods Authorization Number from the Customer Service Depart‑
ment and then send it with shipment costs prepaid. When shipping any
instrument, make sure it is properly packaged for complete protection.
To validate your warranty, fill out and return the enclosed warranty card
within 14 days from the date of purchase.
Recommendations
for Users
Before using these products, make sure that they are entirely
suitable for your specific application and for the environment
in which they are used.
Operation of these instruments may cause unacceptable
interferences to other electronic equipments, this requiring the
operator to take all necessary steps to correct interferences.
Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equip‑
ment may degrade the instruments' EMC performance.
To avoid damages or burns, do not put the instrument in
microwave oven. For yours and the instrument safety do not
use or store the instrument in hazardous environments.

MAN96759 Printed in ROMANIA
World
Headquarters
Hanna Instruments Inc.
Highland Industrial Park
584 Park East Drive
Woonsocket, RI 02895 USA
www.hannainst.com
Local Office
Hanna Instruments USA
270 George Washington Highway
Smithfield, RI 02917
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e‑mail: [email protected]