HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 User manual

TNC 320
User's Manual
HEIDENHAIN
Conversational Programming
NC Software
340551-06
340554-06
English (en)
5/2013

Controls of the TNC
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Controls of the TNC
Keys on visual display unit
Key Function
Select split screen layout
Toggle the display between
machining and programming
modes
Soft keys for selecting functions on
screen
Shifting between soft-key rows
Machine operating modes
Key Function
Manual operation
Electronic handwheel
Positioning with manual data input
Program run, single block
Program run, full sequence
Programming modes
Key Function
Programming
Test run
Program/file management,
TNC functions
Key Function
Select or delete programs and files,
external data transfer
Define program call, select datum
and point tables
Select MOD functions
Display help text for NC error
messages, call TNCguide
Display all current error messages
Show calculator
Navigation keys
Key Function
Move highlight
Go directly to blocks, cycles and
parameter functions
Potentiometer for feed rate
and spindle speed
Feed rate Spindle speed

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Cycles, subprograms and
program section repeats
Key Function
Define touch probe cycles
Define and call cycles
Enter and call labels for
subprogramming and program
section repeats
Enter program stop in a program
Tool functions
Key Function
Define tool data in the program
Call tool data
Programming path movements
Key Function
Approach/depart contour
FK free contour programming
Straight line
Circle center/pole for polar
coordinates
Circular arc with center
Circle with radius
Circular arc with tangential
connection
Chamfer/Corner rounding
Special functions
Key Function
Show special functions
Select the next tab in forms
Up/down one dialog box or button
Entering and editing coordinate
axes and numbers
Key Function
. . . . Select coordinate axes or enter them in a program
. . . . Numbers
Decimal point / Reverse algebraic
sign
Polar coordinate input /
Incremental values
Q-parameter programming / Q
parameter status
Save actual position or values from
calculator
Skip dialog questions, delete
words
Confirm entry and resume dialog
Conclude block and exit entry
Clear numerical entry or TNC error
message
Abort dialog, delete program
section

Controls of the TNC
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Fundamentals

Fundamentals
About this manual
6TNC 320 | User's Manual HEIDENHAIN Conversational Programming | 5/2013
About this manual
The symbols used in this manual are described below.
This symbol indicates that important notes about the
function described must be regarded.
This symbol indicates that there is one or more
of the following risks when using the described
function:
Danger to workpiece
Danger to fixtures
Danger to tool
Danger to machine
Danger to operator
This symbol indicates a possibly dangerous situation
that may cause light injuries if not avoided.
This symbol indicates that the described function
must be adapted by the machine tool builder. The
function described may therefore vary depending on
the machine.
This symbol indicates that you can find detailed
information about a function in another manual.
Would you like any changes, or have you found any
errors?
We are continuously striving to improve our documentation for you.
Please help us by sending your requests to the following e-mail
address: [email protected].

TNC model, software and features
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TNC model, software and features
This manual describes functions and features provided by TNCs as
of the following NC software numbers.
TNC model NC software number
TNC 320 340551-06
TNC 320 Programming Station 340554-06
The suffix E indicates the export version of the TNC. The export
version of the TNC has the following limitations:
Simultaneous linear movement in up to 4 axes
The machine tool builder adapts the usable features of the TNC to
his machine by setting machine parameters. Some of the functions
described in this manual may therefore not be among the features
provided by the TNC on your machine tool.
TNC functions that may not be available on your machine include:
Tool measurement with the TT
Please contact your machine tool builder to become familiar with
the features of your machine.
Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer
programming courses for the TNCs. We recommend these courses
as an effective way of improving your programming skill and
sharing information and ideas with other TNC users.
User's Manual for Cycle Programming:
All of the cycle functions (touch probe cycles and
fixed cycles) are described in the Cycle Programming
User’s Manual. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you
require a copy of this User’s Manual. ID: 679 220-xx

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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Software options
The TNC 320 features various software options that can be enabled by your machine tool builder. Each option is to
be enabled separately and contains the following respective functions:
Hardware, options
■1st additional axis for 4 axes plus spindle
■2nd additional axis for 5 axes plus spindle
Software option 1 (option number 08)
Rotary table machining ■Programming of cylindrical contours as if in two axes
■Feed rate in distance per minute
Coordinate transformation ■Working plane, tilting the ...
Interpolation ■Circle in 3 axes with tilted working plane (spacial arc)
HEIDENHAIN DNC (option number 18)
■Communication with external PC applications over COM component
Software option for additional conversational languages (option number 41)
■Slovenian
■Norwegian
■Slovak
■Latvian
■Korean
■Estonian
■Turkish
■Romanian
Additional conversational
languages
■Lithuanian

TNC model, software and features
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Feature Content Level (upgrade functions)
Along with software options, significant further improvements
of the TNC software are managed via the Feature Content Level
upgrade functions. Functions subject to the FCL are not available
simply by updating the software on your TNC.
All upgrade functions are available to you without
surcharge when you receive a new machine.
Upgrade functions are identified in the manual with FCL n, where n
indicates the sequential number of the feature content level.
You can purchase a code number in order to permanently enable
the FCL functions. For more information, contact your machine tool
builder or HEIDENHAIN.
Intended place of operation
The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in
accordance with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for
use primarily in industrially-zoned areas.
Legal information
This product uses open source software. Further information is
available on the control under
Programming and Editing operating mode
MOD function
LICENSE INFO soft key

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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New functions
New functions 34055x-06
The active tool-axis direction can now be activated in manual
mode and during handwheel superimposition as a virtual tool axis
(Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118 ,
page 318).
Writing and reading data in freely definable tables (Freely definable
tables, page 341).
New touch probe cycle 484 for calibrating the wireless TT 449 tool
touch probe (see User's Manual for Cycles).
The new HR 520 and HR 550 FS handwheels are supported
(Traverse with electronic handwheels, page 380).
New machining cycle 225 ENGRAVING (see User’s Manual for
Cycle Programming)
New manual probing cycle "Center line as datum" (Setting a center
line as datum , page 419).
New function for rounding corners (Rounding corners: M197,
page 324).
External access to the TNC can now be blocked with a MOD
function (External access).

TNC model, software and features
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Modified functions 34055x-06
The maximum number of characters for the NAME and DOC fields
in the tool table has been increased from 16 to 32 (Enter tool data
into the table, page 144).
Operation and position behavior of the manual probing cycles has
been improved (Using 3-D touch probes , page 399).
Predefined values can now be entered into a cycle parameter
with the PREDEF function in cycles (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming).
A new optimization algorithm is now used with the KinematicsOpt
cycles (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming).
With Cycle 257, circular stud milling, a parameter is now available
with which you can determine the approach position on the stud
(see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
With Cycle 256, rectangular stud, a parameter is now available with
which you can determine the approach position on the stud (see
User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
With the "Basic Rotation" probing cycle, workpiece misalignment
can now be compensated for via a table rotation (Compensation of
workpiece misalignment by rotating the table, page 412)

Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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Contents
1 First Steps with the TNC 320......................................................................................................... 41
2 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................63
3 Programming: Fundamentals, file management...........................................................................79
4 Programming: Programming aids................................................................................................ 115
5 Programming: Tools....................................................................................................................... 139
6 Programming: Programming contours........................................................................................ 167
7 Programming: Subprograms and program section repeats...................................................... 219
8 Programming: Q Parameters.........................................................................................................235
9 Programming: Miscellaneous functions.......................................................................................305
10 Programming: Special functions.................................................................................................. 325
11 Programming: Multiple Axis Machining...................................................................................... 347
12 Manual operation and setup.........................................................................................................375
13 Positioning with Manual Data Input............................................................................................431
14 Test run and program run............................................................................................................. 437
15 MOD functions................................................................................................................................463
16 Tables and overviews.....................................................................................................................487

Contents
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1 First Steps with the TNC 320......................................................................................................... 41
1.1 Overview................................................................................................................................................. 42
1.2 Machine switch-on.................................................................................................................................42
Acknowledging the power interruption and moving to the reference points...........................................42
1.3 Programming the first part...................................................................................................................43
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 43
The most important TNC keys.................................................................................................................43
Creating a new program/file management..............................................................................................44
Defining a workpiece blank......................................................................................................................45
Program layout......................................................................................................................................... 46
Programming a simple contour................................................................................................................47
Creating a cycle program.........................................................................................................................50
1.4 Graphically testing the first part..........................................................................................................52
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 52
Selecting the tool table for the test run..................................................................................................52
Choosing the program you want to test................................................................................................. 53
Selecting the screen layout and the view............................................................................................... 53
Starting the test run.................................................................................................................................54
1.5 Setting up tools..................................................................................................................................... 55
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 55
Preparing and measuring tools................................................................................................................ 55
The tool table TOOL.T............................................................................................................................. 56
The pocket table TOOL_P.TCH.................................................................................................................57
1.6 Workpiece setup.....................................................................................................................................58
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 58
Clamping the workpiece.......................................................................................................................... 58
Workpiece alignment with 3-D touch probe............................................................................................59
Datum setting with 3-D touch probe.......................................................................................................60
1.7 Running the first program.................................................................................................................... 61
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 61
Choosing the program you want to run.................................................................................................. 61
Start the program.....................................................................................................................................61

Contents
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2 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................63
2.1 The TNC 320........................................................................................................................................... 64
Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational and ISO formats.................................................................64
Compatibility.............................................................................................................................................64
2.2 Visual display unit and operating panel..............................................................................................65
Display screen..........................................................................................................................................65
Setting the screen layout.........................................................................................................................66
Control Panel............................................................................................................................................66
2.3 Modes of Operation...............................................................................................................................67
Manual Operation and El. Handwheel.....................................................................................................67
Positioning with Manual Data Input.........................................................................................................67
Programming............................................................................................................................................ 67
Test Run................................................................................................................................................... 68
Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block.................................................................68
2.4 Status displays....................................................................................................................................... 69
"General" status display............................................................................................................................69
Additional status displays.........................................................................................................................70
2.5 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels.......................................76
3-D touch probes..................................................................................................................................... 76
HR electronic handwheels.......................................................................................................................77

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3 Programming: Fundamentals, file management...........................................................................79
3.1 Fundamentals......................................................................................................................................... 80
Position encoders and reference marks.................................................................................................. 80
Reference system.................................................................................................................................... 80
Reference system on milling machines...................................................................................................81
Designation of the axes on milling machines..........................................................................................81
Polar coordinates......................................................................................................................................82
Absolute and incremental workpiece positions.......................................................................................83
Selecting the datum.................................................................................................................................84
3.2 Opening programs and entering.......................................................................................................... 85
Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN Conversational format.................................................85
Define the blank: BLK FORM..................................................................................................................85
Opening a new part program.................................................................................................................. 86
Programming tool movements in conversational.....................................................................................87
Actual position capture.............................................................................................................................89
Editing a program.....................................................................................................................................90
The TNC search function......................................................................................................................... 93
3.3 File manager: Fundamentals.................................................................................................................95
Files.......................................................................................................................................................... 95
Data Backup............................................................................................................................................. 97

Contents
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3.4 Working with the file manager............................................................................................................ 98
Directories................................................................................................................................................ 98
Paths.........................................................................................................................................................98
Overview: Functions of the file manager................................................................................................ 99
Calling the file manager......................................................................................................................... 100
Selecting drives, directories and files....................................................................................................101
Creating a new directory....................................................................................................................... 102
Creating a new file.................................................................................................................................102
Copying a single file...............................................................................................................................102
Copying files into another directory.......................................................................................................103
Copying a table...................................................................................................................................... 104
Copying a directory................................................................................................................................ 105
Choosing one of the last files selected.................................................................................................105
Deleting a file.........................................................................................................................................106
Deleting a directory................................................................................................................................106
Tagging files........................................................................................................................................... 107
Renaming a file...................................................................................................................................... 108
Sorting files............................................................................................................................................ 108
Additional functions................................................................................................................................109
Data transfer to/from an external data medium.................................................................................... 110
The TNC in a network............................................................................................................................112
USB devices on the TNC.......................................................................................................................113

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4 Programming: Programming aids................................................................................................ 115
4.1 Screen keyboard...................................................................................................................................116
Enter the text with the screen keyboard...............................................................................................116
4.2 Adding comments................................................................................................................................117
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 117
Entering comments during programming..............................................................................................117
Inserting comments after program entry.............................................................................................. 117
Entering a comment in a separate block...............................................................................................117
Functions for editing of the comment...................................................................................................118
4.3 Structuring programs...........................................................................................................................119
Definition and applications.....................................................................................................................119
Displaying the program structure window / Changing the active window.............................................119
Inserting a structuring block in the (left) program window....................................................................119
Selecting blocks in the program structure window............................................................................... 119
4.4 Calculator.............................................................................................................................................. 120
Operation................................................................................................................................................120
4.5 Programming graphics........................................................................................................................ 122
Generating / not generating graphics during programming................................................................... 122
Generating a graphic for an existing program....................................................................................... 122
Block number display ON/OFF...............................................................................................................123
Erasing the graphic................................................................................................................................ 123
Showing grid lines..................................................................................................................................123
Magnification or reduction of details..................................................................................................... 124

Contents
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4.6 Error messages..................................................................................................................................... 125
Display of errors.....................................................................................................................................125
Open the error window......................................................................................................................... 125
Closing the error window...................................................................................................................... 125
Detailed error messages........................................................................................................................126
INTERNAL INFO soft key.......................................................................................................................126
Clearing errors........................................................................................................................................127
Error log..................................................................................................................................................127
Keystroke log..........................................................................................................................................128
Informational texts................................................................................................................................. 129
Saving service files................................................................................................................................ 129
Calling the TNCguide help system........................................................................................................ 130
4.7 TNCguide context-sensitive help system..........................................................................................131
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 131
Working with the TNCguide.................................................................................................................. 132
Downloading current help files.............................................................................................................. 136