HP 64767 User manual

User’s Guide for the Graphical User Interface
HP 64767
80186/8/XL/EA/EB
Emulation/Analysis

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© Copyright 1987, 1992, 1993, 1994, Hewlett-Packard Company.
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Microtec is a registered trademark of Microtec Research Inc.
OSF/Motif and Motif are trademarks of the Open Software Foundation in the U.S.
and other countries.
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2

Printing History
New editions are complete revisions of the manual. The date on the title page
changes only when a new edition is published.
A software code may be printed before the date; this indicates the version level of
the software product at the time the manual was issued. Many product updates and
fixes do not require manual changes, and manual corrections may be done without
accompanying product changes. Therefore, do not expect a one-to-one
correspondence between product updates and manual revisions.
Edition 1
Edition 2
Edition 3
B3050-97000, December 1992
B3050-97001, February 1993
B3050-97002, January 1994
Safety, Certification and Warranty
Safety and certification and warranty information can be found at the end of this
manual on the pages before the back cover.
3

80186/8/XL/EA/EB Emulation and
Analysis
The HP 64767 80186/188 emulator replaces the microprocessor in your embedded
microprocessor system, also called the target system, so that you can control
execution and view or modify processor and target system resources.
The emulator requires an emulation analyzer that captures 48 channels of emulation
processor bus cycle information synchronously with the processor’s clock signal.
The HP 64706 (48 channel), the HP 64703 (64 channel), the HP 64704 (80
channel), or the HP 64794 (80 channel, dee memory) Emulation Bus Analyzer
meets this requirement.
The HP 64703 Emulation Bus Analyzer also has an an external analyzer that
captures up to 16 channels of data external to the emulator.
With the Emulator, You Can ...
•Plug into 80186/188/XL/EA/EB target systems.
•Download programs into emulation memory or target system RAM.
•Display or modify the contents of processor registers and memory resources.
•Run programs at clock speeds up to 20 MHz (with no wait-states from
emulation memory), set up software breakpoints, step through programs, and
reset the emulation processor.
With the Analyzer, You Can ...
•Trigger the analyzer when a particular bus cycle state is captured. States are
stored relative to the trigger state.
•Qualify which states get stored in the trace.
•Prestore certain states that occur before each normal store state.
•Trigger the analyzer after a sequence of up to 8 events have occurred.
•Capture data on signals of interest in the target system with the external
analyzer.
•Cause emulator execution to break when the analyzer finds its trigger condition.
4

With the HP 64700 Card Cage, You Can ...
•Use the RS-422 capability of the serial port and an RS-422 interface card on
the host computer (HP 98659 for the HP 9000 Series 300) to provide
upload/download rates of up to 230.4K baud.
•Easily upgrade HP 64700 firmware by downloading to flash memory.
With Multiple HP 64700s, You Can ...
•Start and stop up to 16 emulators at the same time (up to 32 if modifications
are made).
•Use the analyzer in one HP 64700 to arm (that is, activate) the analyzers in
other HP 64700 card cages or to cause emulator execution in other HP 64700
card cages to break.
•Use the HP 64700’s BNC connector to trigger an external instrument (for
example, a logic analyzer or oscilloscope) when the analyzer finds its trigger
condition, or you can allow an external instrument to arm the analyzer or break
emulator execution.
With the Graphical User Interface, You Can ...
•Use the emulator and analyzer under an X Window System that supports
OSF/Motif interfaces.
•Enter commands using pull-down or pop-up menus.
•Enter, recall, and edit commands using the command line pushbuttons.
•Enter file names, recalled commands, recalled values, etc., using dialog boxes.
•Set breakpoints by pointing the mouse cursor on a line in the mnemonic
memory display and clicking.
•Create action keys for commonly used commands or command files.
With the Softkey Interface, You Can ...
•Use the emulator and analyzer with a terminal or terminal emulator.
•Quickly enter commands using softkeys, command recall, and command
editing.
5

In This Book
This book documents the Graphical User Interface and the Softkey Interface when
used with the HP 64767 80186/8/XL/EA/EB emulator and the HP 64703/4/6
analyzer. It is organized into five parts whose chapters are described below.
Part 1. Quick Start Guide
Chapter 1 presents an overview of emulation and analysis and quickly shows
you how to use the emulator and analyzer.
Part 2. User’s Guide
Chapter 2 shows how to plug the emulator into a target system.
Chapter 3 shows you how to start and exit the HP 64700 interfaces.
Chapter 4 shows you how to enter commands.
Chapter 5 shows how to configure the emulator.
Chapter 6 shows how to use the emulator.
Chapter 7 shows how to use the analyzer.
Chapter 8 shows how to use the Software Performance Measurement Tool.
Chapter 9 shows how to use the external state analyzer.
Chapter 10 shows how to make coordinated measurements.
Chapter 11 shows how to change X resource settings.
Part 3. Reference
Chapter 12 describes emulator/analyzer interface commands.
Chapter 13 lists the error messages that can occur while using the
emulator/analyzer interface.
Chapter 14 lists the emulator specifications and characteristics.
Part 4. Concept Guide
Chapter 15 contains conceptual information on various topics.
Part 5. Installation Guide
Chapter 16 outlines the installation of the Graphical User Interface.
Chapter 17 shows you how to install or update emulator firmware.
6

Contents
Part 1 Quick Start Guide
1 Getting Started
The Emulator/Analyzer Interface — At a Glance 24
The Softkey Interface 24
Softkey Interface Conventions 25
The Graphical User Interface 26
Graphical User Interface Conventions 28
The Getting Started Tutorial 31
Step 1. Start the demo 32
Step 2: Display the program in memory 33
Step 3: Run from the transfer address 34
Step 4: Step high-level source lines 35
Step 5: Display the previous mnemonic display 36
Step 6: Run until an address 37
Step 7: Display data values 38
Step 8: Display registers 39
Step 9: Step assembly-level instructions 40
Step 10: Trace the program 41
Step 11: Exit the emulator/analyzer interface 43
7

Part 2 User’s Guide
2 Plugging into a Target System
Step 1. Turn OFF power 49
Step 2. Unplug probe from demo target system 49
Step 3. Set up the probe for the clock source 50
Step 4. Plug the 8018x PGA emulator probe into the target system 53
Step 5. Connect the BGND flying lead 54
Step 6. Turn ON power 55
3 Starting and Exiting HP 64700 Interfaces
Starting the Emulator/Analyzer Interface 59
To start the emulator/analyzer interface 59
To start the interface using the default configuration 60
To run a command file on interface startup 61
To display the status of emulators 61
To unlock an interface that was left locked by another user 62
Opening Other HP 64700 Interface Windows 63
To open additional emulator/analyzer windows 63
To open the high-level debugger interface window 64
To open the software performance analyzer (SPA) interface window 64
Exiting HP 64700 Interfaces 65
To close an interface window 65
To exit a debug/emulation session 66
Contents
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4 Entering Commands
Using Menus, the Entry Buffer, and Action Keys 69
To choose a pulldown menu item using the mouse (method 1) 70
To choose a pulldown menu item using the mouse (method 2) 71
To choose a pulldown menu item using the keyboard 71
To choose popup menu items 73
To place values into the entry buffer using the keyboard 74
To copy-and-paste to the entry buffer 74
To recall entry buffer values 77
To use the entry buffer 77
To copy-and-paste from the entry buffer to the command line entry area 78
To use the action keys 79
To use dialog boxes 79
To access help information 83
Using the Command Line with the Mouse 84
To turn the command line on or off 84
To enter a command 85
To edit the command line using the command line pushbuttons 86
To edit the command line using the command line popup menu 87
To recall commands 88
To get help about the command line 88
Using the Command Line with the Keyboard 89
To enter multiple commands on one command line 89
To recall commands 90
To edit commands 90
To access on-line help information 91
Using Command Files 92
To start logging commands to a command file 95
To stop logging commands to a command file 95
To playback (execute) a command file 96
Using Pod Commands 97
To display the pod commands screen 98
To use pod commands 98
Contents
9

Forwarding Commands to Other HP 64700 Interfaces 99
To forward commands to the high-level debugger 99
To forward commands to the software performance analyzer 100
5 Configuring the Emulator
Using the Configuration Interface 103
To start the configuration interface 104
To modify a configuration section 106
To store a configuration 108
To change the configuration directory context 109
To display the configuration context 110
To access help information 110
To exit the configuration interface 111
To load a configuration 111
Modifying the General Configuration Items 112
To select the type of processor to emulate 112
To specify the target memory access size 113
To select the default physical to logical run address conversion 113
To restrict the emulator to real-time runs 114
To turn OFF the restriction to real-time runs 115
To enable/disable entry into the monitor after configuration 115
Selecting the Emulation Monitor Program 116
To select the background monitor program 117
To select the foreground monitor program 118
To use a custom foreground monitor program 120
Mapping Memory 122
To map memory ranges 122
To characterize unmapped ranges 125
To delete memory map ranges 126
Setting the Debug/Trace Options 127
To specify a processor clock rate greater than 16 MHz 127
To enable/disable breaks on writes to ROM 128
To include/exclude background states in the trace 128
Contents
10

6 Using the Emulator
Loading and Storing Absolute Files 131
To load absolute files 131
To load absolute files without symbols 132
To store memory contents into absolute files 132
Using Symbols 133
To load symbols 133
To display global symbols 134
To display local symbols 135
To display a symbol’s parent symbol 139
To copy-and-paste a full symbol name to the entry buffer 140
Using Context Commands 141
To display the current directory and symbol context 142
To change the directory context 142
To change the current working symbol context 143
Executing User Programs 144
To run programs from the current PC 144
To run programs from an address 145
To run programs from the transfer address 145
To run programs from reset 145
To run programs until an address 146
To stop (break from) user program execution 147
To step high-level source lines 147
To step assembly-level instructions 148
To reset the emulation processor 149
Using Software Breakpoints 150
To display the breakpoints list 151
To enable/disable breakpoints 153
To set a permanent breakpoint 155
To set a temporary breakpoint 156
To set all breakpoints 157
To deactivate a breakpoint 157
To re-activate a breakpoint 158
To clear a breakpoint 160
To clear all breakpoints 162
Contents
11

Displaying and Modifying Registers 163
To display register contents 166
To modify register contents 167
Displaying and Modifying Memory 168
To display memory 168
To display memory in mnemonic format 169
To return to the previous mnemonic display 169
To display memory in hexadecimal format 170
To display memory in real number format 171
To display memory at an address 172
To display memory repetitively 173
To modify memory 173
Displaying Data Values 174
To display data values 174
To clear the data values display and add a new item 175
To add items to the data values display 175
Changing the Interface Settings 176
To set the source/symbol modes 176
To set the display modes 177
Using System Commands 179
To set UNIX environment variables 179
To display the name of the emulation module 180
To display the event log 180
To display the error log 181
To edit files 182
To copy information to a file or printer 185
To open a terminal emulation window 186
Using Simulated I/O 187
To display the simulated I/O screen 187
To use simulated I/O keyboard input 188
Using Basis Branch Analysis 189
To store BBA data to a file 189
Contents
12

7 Using the Emulation Analyzer
The Basics of Starting, Stopping, and Displaying Traces 193
To start a trace measurement 194
To display the trace status 194
To stop a trace measurement 197
To display the trace 198
To position the trace display on screen 199
To change the trace depth 200
To modify the last
trace command entered 200
Qualifying Trigger and Store Conditions 201
To qualify the trigger state and position 206
To trigger on a number of occurrences of some state 208
To qualify states stored in the trace 209
To prestore states before qualified store states 210
To change the count qualifier 211
To trace until the analyzer is halted 213
To break emulator execution on the analyzer trigger 214
Using the Sequencer 215
To trigger after a sequence of states 215
To specify a global restart state 217
To trace "windows" of program execution 218
Modifying the Trace Display 220
To display the trace about a line number 221
To display the trace in absolute format 222
To display the trace in mnemonic format 223
To display the trace with high-level source lines 224
To display the trace with symbol information 226
To change column widths in the trace display 227
To display time counts in absolute or relative format 228
To display the trace with addresses offset 229
To return to the default trace display 230
To display external analyzer information 231
Contents
13

Saving and Restoring Traces 232
To save trace commands 232
To restore trace commands 233
To save traces 234
To restore traces 235
8 Making Software Performance Measurements
Activity Performance Measurements 239
To set up the trace command for activity measurements 241
To initialize activity performance measurements 242
To interpret activity measurement reports 246
Duration Performance Measurements 254
To set up the trace command for duration measurements 255
To initialize duration performance measurements 257
To interpret duration measurement reports 259
Running Measurements and Creating Reports 263
To run performance measurements 263
To end performance measurements 264
To create a performance measurement report 265
9 Using the External State Analyzer
Setting Up the External Analyzer 269
To connect the external analyzer probe to the target system 270
Configuring the External Analyzer 273
To control the external analyzer with the emulator/analyzer interface 274
To specify the threshold voltage 275
To specify the external analyzer mode 276
To specify the slave clock mode 277
To define labels for the external analyzer signals 280
Contents
14

10 Making Coordinated Measurements
Setting Up for Coordinated Measurements 287
To connect the Coordinated Measurement Bus (CMB) 287
To connect to the rear panel BNC 289
Starting/Stopping Multiple Emulators 291
To enable synchronous measurements 291
To start synchronous measurements 292
To disable synchronous measurements 292
Using Trigger Signals 293
To drive the emulation analyzer trigger signal to the CMB 295
To drive the emulation analyzer trigger signal to the BNC connector 296
To drive the external analyzer trigger signal to the CMB 296
To drive the external analyzer trigger signal to the BNC connector 297
To break emulator execution on signal from CMB 297
To break emulator execution on signal from BNC 298
To break emulator execution on external analyzer trigger 298
To arm the emulation analyzer on signal from CMB 299
To arm the emulation analyzer on signal from BNC 299
To arm the emulation analyzer on external analyzer trigger 300
To arm the external analyzer on signal from CMB 300
To arm the external analyzer on signal from BNC 301
To arm the external analyzer on emulation analyzer trigger 301
11 Setting X Resources
To modify the Graphical User Interface resources 306
To use customized scheme files 310
To set up custom action keys 312
To set initial recall buffer values 313
To set up demos or tutorials 315
Contents
15

Part 3 Reference
12 Emulator/Analyzer Interface Commands
How Pulldown Menus Map to the Command Line 322
How Popup Menus Map to the Command Line 326
Syntax Conventions 328
Commands 329
break 330
bbaunld 331
cmb_execute 332
copy 333
copy io_port 336
copy local_symbols_in 338
copy memory 339
copy registers 341
copy trace 342
display 343
display data 345
display global_symbols 348
display io_port 349
display local_symbols_in 351
display memory 352
display registers 356
display simulated_io 357
display software_breakpoints 358
display trace 359
end 363
--EXPR-- 364
forward 367
help 368
load 370
log_commands 372
modify 373
modify configuration 374
modify io_port 375
modify keyboard_to_simio 377
modify memory 378
modify register 381
modify software_breakpoints 382
Contents
16

performance_measurement_end 384
performance_measurement_initialize 385
performance_measurement_run 387
pod_command 389
QUALIFIER 391
RANGE 393
reset 395
run 396
SEQUENCING 398
set 400
specify 405
STATE 407
step 409
stop_trace 411
store 412
--SYMB-- 414
trace 423
TRIGGER 426
wait 428
WINDOW 430
13 Error Messages
Graphical/Softkey Interface Messages - Unnumbered 435
Graphical/Softkey Interface Messages - Numbered 452
Terminal Interface Messages 455
Emulator Messages 455
80186/8/XL/EA/EB Emulator Messages 457
General Emulator and System Messages 458
Analyzer Messages 471
14 Specifications and Characteristics
Emulator Specifications and Characteristics 476
Electrical 476
Physical 479
Environmental 479
Contents
17

External Analyzer Specifications 480
Part 4 Concept Guide
15 Concepts
X Resources and the Graphical User Interface 485
X Resource Specifications 485
How X Resource Specifications are Loaded 487
Scheme Files 489
Part 5 Installation Guide
16 Installation
Installing Hardware 498
Step 1. Connect the Emulator Probe Cables 500
Step 2. Install Boards into the HP 64700 Card Cage 503
Step 3. Plug the emulator probe into the demo target system 515
Step 4. Apply power to the HP 64700 517
Connecting the HP 64700 to a Computer or LAN 521
Installing HP 9000 Software 522
Step 1. Install the software from the media 522
Step 2. Verify the software installation 524
Step 3a. Start the X server and the Motif Window Manager (mwm) 525
Step 3b. Start HP VUE 525
Step 4. Set the necessary environment variables 525
Contents
18

Installing Sun SPARCsystem Software 528
Step 1. Install the software from the media 528
Step 2. Start the X server and OpenWindows 529
Step 3. Set the necessary environment variables 529
Step 4. Verify the software installation 531
Step 5. Map your function keys 532
Verifying the Installation 533
Step 1. Determine the logical name of your emulator 533
Step 2. Start the interface with the
emul700 command 534
Step 3. Exit the Graphical User Interface 537
17 Installing/Updating Emulator Firmware
To update emulator firmware with "progflash" 541
To display current firmware version information 544
If there is a power failure during a firmware update 545
Glossary
Index
Contents
19

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