IBM Personal Computer User manual

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Hardware Reference
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Library
Guide to
Operations

Revised Edition (April 1984)
This product could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are
periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new
editions of the publication.
It is possible that this material may contain references to, or information about, IDM
products (machines and programs), programming or services that are not announced in
your country. Such references
or information must not be construed to mean that IDM
intends to announce such IDM products, programming, or services in your country.
Products are not stocked at the address below. Requests for copies of this product and for
technical information about the system should be made to your authorized IBM Personal
Computer dealer.
The
following paragraph applies only to the United Statesand Puerto Rico: A Reader's ,~
Comment Formis provided at the back of this publication. If the form has been removed,
address comments to: IDM Corp., Personal Computer, P.O. Box 1328-C, Boca Raton,
Florida 33432. IDM may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it
believes appropriate without incurring any obligations whatever.
© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984
ii

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION RADIO FREQUENCY
INTERFERENCE STATEMENT
Warning: The equipment described herein has been
certified to comply with the limits for a Class B
computing device, pursuant to Subpart J of Part
15
of FCC rules. Only peripherals (computer
input/output devices, terminals, printers, etc.)
certified to comply with the Class B limits may be
attached to this computer. Operation with
noncertified peripherals is likely to result in
interference to radio and TV reception.
If
peripherals not offered by IBM are used with the
equipment, it is suggested to use shielded grounded
cables with in-line filters if necessary.
INSTRUCTIONS TO USER
This equipment generates and uses radio frequency
energy and if not installed and used properly, i.e., in
strict accordance with the operating instructions,
reference manuals, and the service manual, may cause
interference to radio
or TV reception. It has been
tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
computing device pursuant to Subpart J of Part
15 of
FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable
protection against such interference when operated in a
residential installation.
iii

If this equipment does cause interference to radio or
TV reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
• Reorient
the receiving antenna.
• Relocate the equipment with respect to
the receiver.
• Move the equipment away from
the receiver.
.• Plug the equipment into a different outlet so that
equipment and receiver are on different branch
circuits.
• Ensure
that card mounting screws, attachment
connector screws, and ground wires are tightly
secured.
• Ensure that card slot covers are in place when no
card
is installed.
• If peripherals not offered by mM are used with this
equipment, it
is suggested to use shielded, grounded
cables, with in-line filters if necessary.
If necessary, consult your dealer service representative
for additional suggestions.
The manufacturer
is not responsible for any radio or
TV interference caused by unauthorized modifications
to this equipment.
It is the responsibility of the user to
correct such interference.
CAUTION
This product is equipped with a line cord and plug
for the user's safety.
It is to be used in conjuction
with a properly grounded receptacle
to avoid
electrical shock.
~
iv

Preface
The Guide to Operations introduces you to the IBM
Personal Computer.
If you are setting up or using the
Personal Computer, you need this publication.
It has
seven sections:
SECTION 1, INTRODUCTION, displays two typical
system arrangements and identifies a wide variety
of
options available to you.
SECTION 2, SETUP, contains instructions for cabling
and running the system self-tests.
SECTION 3, OPERATIONS, introduces you
to the
IBM Personal Computer. Whether you are a newcomer
or an experienced operator, this section will become a
ready reference.
It contains information about displays
and the keyboard.
SECTION 4, PROBLEM DETERMINATION
PROCEDURES, describes the steps to correct
problems that may occur.
SECTION 5, OPTIONS,
is where information included
with the various options should be inserted. Switch
setting charts are also provided because it
is sometimes
necessary to change switches when options are added to
your system.
SECTION 6, RELOCATE, provides information
needed if it becomes necessary to disconnect cables and
relocate your system. Recommendations are given to
prevent damage to the units.
SECTION 7, KEYBOARD TEMPLATES, provides
graphic layouts of keyboards available to you when
using National DOS.
Protruding tabs help you find the section you are
looking for. Each section has a contents page listing
the subjects in the section.
v

Notes:
vi

Contents
SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION ............. 1-1
Introduction ......................... 1-3
Example of a System Arrangement
........ 1-4
Option Examples
..................... 1-5
Handling Diskettes
.................... 1-7
SECTION 2. SETUP
....•.•..............• 2-1
Installation
.......................... 2-3
Mini Power-On Self Test
............... 2-7
Rear Panel Reference
.................. 2-9
Component Arrangement
.............. 2-11
Keyboard and Display Adjustment
....... 2-12
Power-On Self Test (POST)
............ 2-14
Loading Diskette Diagnostics
........... 2-17
Summary
....................... 2-20
SECTION 3. OPERATIONS
........••....•. 3-1
Introduction
......................... 3-3
Getting Your IBM Personal Computer Ready
3-5
IBM Monochrome Display .............. 3-8
IBM Color Display
.................... 3-9
Controls
........................ 3-9
Vertical Hold Control
............. 3-10
Vertical Size Control
............. 3-11
Keyboard
.......................... 3-13
The Typewriter Area
............. 3-14
The Numeric Keypad
......... " .... 3-18
Function Keys
................... 3-22
SECTION 4. PROBLEM DETERMINATION
PROCEDURES
......................... 4-1
SECTION 5.
OPfIONS .................... 5-1
How to Use This Section ............... 5-3
Handling Static-Sensitive Devices
......... 5-4
Switch Setting Charts
.................. 5-7
16K-64K System Board Switches
......... 5-8
vii

5-1/ 4 Inch Diskette Drives
.........
5-10
Coprocessor
....................
5-10
Types
of Displays
................
5-11
Memory Option Switches ·
.............
5-12
(16KB-64
KB CPU) System Board
...
5-12
96K Total Memory ·
.............. 5-13
~
128K Total Memory ·
.............
5-14
160K Total Memory ·
.............
5-15
192K Total Memory ·
.............
5-16
224K Total Memory ·
............. 5-17
256K Total Memory ·
.............
5-18
288K Total Memory ·
.............
5-19
320K Total Memory ·
.............
5-20
352K Total Memory ·
............. 5-21
384K Total Memory ·
.............
5-22
416K Total Memory ·
.............
5-23
448K Total Memory ·
.............
5-24
480K Total Memory ·
.............
5-25
512K Total Memory ·
.............
5-26
544K Total Memory ·
.............
5-27
576K Total Memory ·
.............
5-28
608K Total Memory ·
.............
5-29
640K Total Memory ·
.............
5-30
1"'""'\
Extender Card Switches ·
..............
5-31
64K-256K System Board Switches
....... 5-33
Coprocessor
.................... 5-34
Types of Displays
................
5-35
5-1/ 4 Inch Diskette Drives ......... 5-36
Memory Option Switches ·
.............
5-37
64KB-256KB System Board
........
5-37
288K Total Memory ·
.............
5-38
320K Total Memory ·
.............
5-39
352K Total Memory ·
.............
5-40
384K Total Memory ·
.............
5-41
416K Total Memory ·
.............
5-42
448K Total Memory ·
.............
5-43
480K Total Memory ·
.............
5-44
512K Total Memory ·
.............
5-45
544K Total Memory ·
.............
5-46
~
576K Total Memory ·
.............
5-47
608K Total Memory ·
.............
5-48
640K Total Memory ·
.............
5-49
Extender Card Switches ·
..............
5-50
viii

SECTION 6. RELOCATE .................. 6-1
Preparing the System .................. 6-3
Short Distance Move
.................. 6-8
Long Distance Move
................... 6-9
All Units
........................ 6-9
System Unit and Expansion Unit
..... 6-9
Keyboard
...................... 6-10
IBM Monochrome
or Color Display .. 6-11
IBM Graphics Printer
............. 6-12
Installation at New Location
............ 6-13
SECTION 7. KEYBOARD TEMPLATES
...... 7-1
Introduction ......................... 7-3
French
............................. 7-5
German
............................. 7-7
Italian
.............................. 7-9
Spanish
............................ 7-11
u.K. English ........................ 7-13
U.S. English
........................ 7-15
GLOSSARY
.......................... Glossary-l
INDEX
................................. Index-l
ix

Notes:
x

SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION
Contents
Introduction ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. 1-3
Example of a System Arrangement ..•••..••... 1-4
Option Eumples .......................... 1-5
Handling Diskettes ....•..•....••..........• 1- 7
Introduction
1-1

Notes:
1-2 Introduction

Introduction
The basic IBM Personal Computer consists of a system
unit and keyboard. The system unit
is the central part
of your Personal Computer and supports a variety of
options. The keyboard, which is what you use
to send
data to your system, attaches to the system unit with a
2-meter (6-foot) coiled cable. The keyboard
is divided
into three major sections: the typewriter area, the
numeric keypad and the function keys.
You may add a display, printer, expansion unit,
memory, and other options to expand your system to
meet your particular needs.
The IBM Personal Computer is designed for use with
monitors or televisions that meet either the National
Television System Committee (NTSC)l standard or the
Electronics Industry Association (EIA)
RS 170
standard. Therefore, if your device does not meet these
standards, it may not function properly.
Several printers are available for printouts or hard-copy
of your data files. The IBM Graphics Printer provides
bidirectional printing, in several character sizes on
single- or multi-part forms. A Color Printer
is also
available,
as well as a Compact Printer.
The expansion unit provides space for additional
options
to be attached to your IBM Personal Computer.
The non-IBM devices in this manual are for illustration
only, and their use here does not constitute a
recommendation or an endorsement by IBM. Selection,
interconnection, and use of another manufacturer's
device, are the sole responsibility of the customer.
The National Television System Committee has set United States TV
broadcast standards.
Introduction 1-3

--
Example of a SystemArrangement
IBM Monochrome Display
System Unit
Diskette Drives
Keyboard
IBM Graphics Printer
This example shows the system unit, keyboard, IBM ,,-....,
Monochrome Display,
and IBM Graphics Printer. Two
5
-1 /4 inch diskette drive units are used to store
programs
and data. Hard-copy output is provided with
the IBM Graphics Printer.
1-4 Introduction

Option Examples
These are options which you can add externally to your
system.
Expansion Unit
IBM Monochrome Display
-r
CJ
•
c>
•
~
~
V
IBM Color Display
IBM Graphics Printer
~~--
~?- ........... ... .• - .. = ~ ~~~~.~)
_~ ..... ~ II/:'
·~~1/
IBM Color Printer
IBM Compact Printer
Introduction 1-5

Option Examples
These are some of the options which you can install in
your system unit or expansion unit.
Asynchronous
Communications
Adapter
IBM Monochrome Display
and Printer Adapter
64/266Kb Memory
Expansion Option
Printer Adapter
Color/Graphics
Monitor Adapter
1-6 Introduction

Handling Diskettes
Please read the following before continuing.
The figures below show some proper and improper
ways
of handling your diskettes. Proper handling will
greatly reduce the possibility of damaging your
diskettes.
Proper
Grasp by When Not In Use
Corner
Improper
Don't Bend No Pencils, No Clips,
No Ballpoints
Don't
Touch
Disk
r==------, No
Cleaning
No
Sun
Introduction 1-7

Notes:
1-8 Introduction