IBM 8265 User manual

8265 Nways ATM Switch IBM
User's Guide
SA33-0456-02

8265 Nways ATM Switch IBM
User's Guide
SA33-0456-02

Note!
Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under Appendix F, “Notices” on
page 179.
Third Edition (September 1998)
The information contained in this manual is subject to change from time to time. Any such changes will be reported in subsequent
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 Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1994, 1998. All rights reserved.
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Contents
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
About this Book .................................................. xiii
Who Should Use this Book ............................................ xiii
Prerequisite Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Where to Find More Information ......................................... xiii
Terms Used in This Book ............................................. xiii
Part 1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
ATM Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Network Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Network Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Switched Virtual Connections (SVCs) .................................... 5
Permanent Virtual Connections (PVCs) ................................... 5
Virtual Path Connections (VPCs) ....................................... 5
PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Keeping Control Point Code Up-to-Date ..................................... 6
Automatic Notification of Updates ....................................... 6
Chapter 2. Configuring the IBM 8265 .................................... 7
Before You Start .................................................. 7
Configuration Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Preparing the Switch for Operation ....................................... 8
Logging On to the 8265 ATM Switch ..................................... 8
Configuring Network Connections ........................................ 9
Managing the Switch Hardware ......................................... 10
Part 2. Preparing the 8265 ATM Switch .............................. 11
Chapter 3. Configuring Basic Parameters .................................. 13
Basic Configuration Steps ............................................. 13
Configuring the ATM Switch Address ...................................... 14
Using an ATM Host Name ........................................... 14
Setting CPSW Passwords ............................................. 15
Administrator Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
User Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Setting the Node Clock .............................................. 17
Switch Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Service Contact Information ............................................ 19
Console Prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Console Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Alert Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Hello Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Authentication Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Change Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Memory Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Using Host Names in Place of Addresses ................................... 25
 Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1998 iii

Chapter 4. Configuring TCP/IP Settings ................................... 27
TCP/IP Configuration Steps ............................................ 27
IP Address and Subnetwork Mask ........................................ 28
Using an IP Host Name ............................................ 28
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
ARP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Chapter 5. Configuring LAN Emulation Settings ............................. 29
LANE Configuration Steps ............................................ 29
LEC Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
LECS ATM Address ................................................ 31
ILMI MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
LECS Well Known Address .......................................... 31
Fixed PVC (0.17) ................................................ 31
Checking the LEC Configuration ....................................... 32
Setting Up LAN Emulation Servers (LES/BUS) ................................. 33
Starting a LES .................................................. 33
Displaying LES Parameters .......................................... 34
Stopping a LES ................................................. 34
LEC Access Control .............................................. 34
Chapter 6. Configuring SNMP and Web Server Parameters ....................... 35
SNMP Access Requirements ........................................... 35
Web Access Requirements ............................................ 35
Community Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
SNMP Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Web Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Chapter 7. Working with Ports and Media Modules ............................ 37
Connecting Modules to the Network ....................................... 37
Enabling ATM Ports ................................................ 38
Displaying Module and Port Settings ...................................... 39
Module Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Example – SHOW MODULE ........................................ 39
Example – SHOW MODULE VERBOSE ................................. 39
Example – SHOW MODULE ALL ..................................... 40
Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Example – SHOW PORT ALL ....................................... 41
Example – SHOW PORT VERBOSE ................................... 42
Part 3. Configuring ATM Network Connections ........................ 43
Chapter 8. Linking to ATM Devices ..................................... 45
Linking to ATM User Devices (UNI) ....................................... 45
Linking PNNI Switches in the Same Peer Group (PNNI) ........................... 46
Linking Non-PNNI ATM Switches (IISP) ..................................... 47
Linking PNNI Switches in Different Peer Groups (IISP) ............................ 49
Defining Reachable Addresses .......................................... 51
For User Devices ................................................ 51
For IISP Switches ................................................ 51
For PNNI Switches Reachable Over IISP Links ............................... 51
For Non-Hierarchical PNNI Switches ..................................... 51
iv IBM 8265: User's Guide

Scope of the Reachable Address ....................................... 51
Chapter 9. Linking Networks Through a WAN (VPCs) .......................... 53
Guidelines for VPCs ................................................ 53
Example: Linking PNNI Switches Across a WAN (PNNI VPC) ........................ 54
VPC Traffic Shaping ................................................ 55
Reachable Addresses and VPC Links ...................................... 56
Shifting the Range of VPI Values ........................................ 56
Chapter 10. Linking to E.164-Based Networks ............................... 57
E.164 Address Mapping Table .......................................... 57
Imbedded E.164 Addresses ............................................ 59
Chapter 11. PNNI Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Chapter 12. Managing Virtual Connections (PVCs and SVCs) ..................... 63
Setting Up PVCs .................................................. 63
Point-to-Point PVCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Frame Discard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Point-to-Multipoint PVCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Chapter 13. Managing ATM Traffic ...................................... 67
Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Best Effort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Reserved Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Policing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
ILMI Related Settings ............................................... 69
UNI Signalling Versions ............................................ 69
Duplicate ATM Addresses ........................................... 69
ILMI, Signalling, and Routing VPI.VCI Settings ................................. 70
Port Traffic Shaping ................................................ 71
Call Pacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
PNNI Path Selection ................................................ 73
Constant and Variable Bit Rate (CBR, rtVBR, and nrtVBR) ........................ 73
Available Bit Rate (ABR) ............................................ 73
Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) .......................................... 74
Administrative Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Displaying Path Selection Settings ...................................... 74
PNNI Crankback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Chapter 14. Managing Network Access Security ............................. 77
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Suggested Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Global and Per-Port Security ........................................... 79
Enabling Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Disabling Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Displaying Security Settings .......................................... 80
The Access Control Address Table ....................................... 81
Creating Address Table Entries ........................................ 81
Removing a Table Entry ............................................ 81
Displaying Table Entries ............................................ 81
Working with the Address Table ....................................... 82
Uploading the Address Table to a Server ................................. 82
Contents v

Manually Updating the Table ........................................ 82
Downloading the Address Table from a Server ............................. 83
Autolearn Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Enabling Autolearn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Displaying Autolearn Settings ......................................... 84
Violation Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Enabling Violation Traps ............................................ 85
Displaying Violation Trap Settings ...................................... 85
The Violation Log .................................................. 86
Enabling the Violation Log ........................................... 86
Displaying Violation Log Settings ....................................... 86
Displaying the Log ............................................... 87
Displaying the Last Violation .......................................... 87
Clearing the Log ................................................. 87
Uploading the Violation Log to a Server ................................... 87
Default Values for New Ports ........................................... 88
Security Mode Default ............................................. 88
Autolearn Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Suggestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Violation Trapping Default ........................................... 89
Violation Logging Default ............................................ 89
Displaying Default Security Settings ..................................... 89
Saving and Reverting Security Settings ..................................... 90
Part 4. Managing the 8265 ATM Switch Hardware ...................... 91
Chapter 15. Management Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Displaying 8265 Information ............................................ 94
Displaying the Power System ........................................... 95
Displaying 8265 Module Information ....................................... 96
Show the Inventory of Modules ........................................ 96
SHOW INVENTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
SHOW INVENTORY VERBOSE ...................................... 97
Resetting Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Resetting Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Resetting the 8265 ............................................... 98
Resetting the ATM Subsystem ........................................ 98
Chapter 16. Diagnostic Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Startup Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
ATM PING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Traces and Error Logs .............................................. 100
Setting Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Uploading the Trace File to a Server .................................... 100
Uploading the Error Log to a Server .................................... 100
Port Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Chapter 17. Managing the Power Subsystem .............................. 103
Budgeting Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Determining Switch Power Budget ..................................... 104
Displaying the Power Budget ....................................... 105
Increasing the Unallocated Power Budget ................................. 105
Establishing Power Fault-Tolerance ...................................... 106
vi IBM 8265: User's Guide

Displaying Current Power Mode ....................................... 106
Changing the Power Mode .......................................... 107
8265 Module Power Up Strategy ........................................ 108
Default Power Up Strategy .......................................... 108
Specifying Power Up Order ......................................... 108
Power Class Settings ............................................. 109
Displaying the Current Slot Status ..................................... 109
Changing a Module's Power Class ..................................... 110
Power Class 10 Warnings ........................................ 110
8265 Module Power-Down Response ..................................... 111
Correcting a Power Deficit .......................................... 111
Powering Up With Insufficient Power .................................... 111
Power Supply Failure ............................................. 111
Power Down Due to Overheating ...................................... 111
Specifying Power Down Order ........................................ 112
Chapter 18. Managing the Intelligent Cooling Subsystem ....................... 113
Operating Temperature and FAN Status Indicators ............................. 114
Operating Temperature Indicators ..................................... 114
Fan Status Indicators ............................................. 115
Automatic 8265 Module Power-Down ................................... 115
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Overheat Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Overheat Management Areas ........................................ 116
Power-Down Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Recovery Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Saved Power Management Configurations .................................. 118
Chapter 19. Server Downloads and Uploads ............................... 119
Uploads to a Server ............................................... 120
Switch Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Access Control Address Table ....................................... 120
Security Violation Log ............................................. 120
Dumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Error Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Downloads from a Server ............................................ 122
Saved Switch Configuration ......................................... 122
Saved Access Control Address Table ................................... 122
Code Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
CPSW Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Boot Microcode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Operational Microcode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
FPGA Picocode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
ATM Media Modules ............................................. 124
FPGA Picocode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Microcode for WAN2 Daughter Cards .................................. 124
Power Controller Modules .......................................... 125
Boot Microcode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Operational Microcode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Part 5. Appendixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Contents vii

Appendix A. ATM Address Formats .................................... 129
Network Prefix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
End System Part ................................................. 131
Appendix B. Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Troubleshooting Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Diagnosing Problems Concerning the Power Supply ............................ 134
Diagnosing Problems Concerning the Configuration Console ....................... 135
Control Point and Switch Module Problems .................................. 137
Diagnosing Problems from the CPSW System Status LCD ....................... 138
Diagnosing Problems in the Hardware Configuration ............................ 139
8265 Cannot PING an ARP Client ..................................... 140
Two Devices Using IP Over a PVC Cannot Ping Each Other ...................... 141
PVC failure, Cause Code 3, on NNI or IISP ports ............................ 142
Problems with the ATM Network ........................................ 143
Checking ATM Address Registration .................................... 143
8265 Cannot PING the ARP Servers and Vice-versa .......................... 144
ATM Connection Problems ........................................... 145
Diagnosing LAN Emulation Problems ..................................... 147
8265 LEC Cannot Register to the LES/BUS ................................ 147
8265 LEC Cannot PING another Client and Vice-versa ......................... 149
ATM Forum LAN Emulation Ethernet and TCP/IP (DOS, OS/2) Not Working ............ 150
LAN Emulation JOIN failed. ATM Forum LE status xx .......................... 151
Problems in an IBM Proprietary LAN Emulation Environment ...................... 152
Network Access Security Problems ...................................... 155
All ATM Registration Attempts Rejected .................................. 155
Some ATM Registration Attempts Rejected ................................ 155
No ATM Addresses Displayed ........................................ 155
Address Cannot be Set: Limit Reached .................................. 155
Administrative Problems (Netview/SNMP/Telnet) .............................. 156
Getting Further Assistance ........................................... 159
TRACE Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Appendix C. Error and Information Codes ................................ 161
Q.2931 Error Codes for Clear Causes ..................................... 161
Maintenance Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Q93B Error Codes ................................................ 164
Appendix D. Alternate Configuration Methods .............................. 167
In-Band TELNET Connection .......................................... 168
Minimum Local Configuration ........................................ 168
Logon Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Ethernet Console Connection .......................................... 170
Setting the IP Address and Subnet Mask ................................. 170
Setting the Ethernet MAC Address ..................................... 170
SLIP Console Connection ............................................ 171
Returning to Normal (ASCII) Mode ..................................... 172
SLIP Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
TCP/IP for AIX version 3.2.5 ....................................... 173
TCP/IP V2.1.2 for IBM DOS V7 (no TFTP support) .......................... 173
TCP/IP V2.0 for OS/2 V3 (WARP) .................................... 173
ChameleonNFS V4.0 or V4.1 for Windows ............................... 173
Web Browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Required Web Browser Configuration ................................... 175
viii IBM 8265: User's Guide