mikroElektronika BIG 8051 User manual

BIG 8051 Manual 1
User Man ual
Prepared By:
Sajid Amir
Computer Engineering‘15
Elizabethtown College
Josiah Buxton
Computer Engineering ‘15
Elizabethtown College
BIG 8051
Added resources from the works of: James Kelly and David Cain,
Computer Engineering Elizabethtown College

BIG 8051 Manual 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. General information ……………………………………………………………………………………………….………….………………3
2. Key features…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….…………..4
3. Connecting the system to a power source…………………………………………………………………………………………….…..…...5
4. C8051 microcontroller………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..6
5. Programming microcontroller……………………………………………………………………………………………….…...…………....7
6. Ethernet module………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….…...8
7. Piezo buzzer……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………...9
8. DS 1820 temperature sensor………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….10
9. USB UART module…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..11
10. RS-232 modules………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………12
11. CAN module………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….13
12. ZigBee module………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..14
13. MMC/SD connector…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..15
14. Comparator………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………........16
15. ADC module………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….17
16. DAC module………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….18
17. Memory modules……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...19
18. LEDs………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….20
19. Push buttons…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..21
20. I/O ports……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22
21. 8051 Assembly introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….23
22. Register addressing…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...24
23. Instruction set summary………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………25
24. Instruction by opcode ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...27
25. Disclaimer……………………………………………………...……………………………………………………………………………..28
Page No.

BIG 8051 Manual 3
General information
The BIG 8051 development system provides a development environment for programming and experimenting with 8051 microcontrollers.
Inside the box
 Development System: BIG8051
 CD: Product CD
 USB Cable
 128x64 graphic LCD display
 2x16 alphanumeric LCD display
 Piezo buzzer
 CAN
 ZigBee
System Specification
 Power Supply: over AC/DC connector / USB Cable (5V DC)
 Power Consumption: 50mA (with all modules off)
 Dimensions: 26.5 x 22 cm
 Weight: 420g
Features
 Full-featured development system for 8051
 Analog to digital conversion of voltage signal
 CAN communication module
Back of BIG8051 development system

BIG 8051 Manual 4
1. Ethernet module
2. Piezo buzzer
3. Connector for temperature sensor
4. Connector for programmer
5. USB UART module (USB power supply
connector)
6. RS-232B module
7. Connector for MCU card
8. RS232B module
9. Comparator
10. Jumpers used to select pull-up/pull-down re-
sistors
11. DIP switches used to turn on pull-up/pull-
down resistors
12. I/O ports
13. A/D converter inputs
14. D/A converter outputs
15. Memory modules
16. Touch panel controller
17. Connector for GLCD display
18. Connector for touch panel
19. Push buttons
20. Jumper used to shorten protective resistor
21. Jumper used to select push buttons’ logic
state
22. Reset button
23. Connector for MMC/SD cards
24. 3.3 V voltage regulator
25. Power supply module
26. LEDs
27. CAN module
28. ZigBee module
29. Connector for LCD display
Key Features
BIG8051 Board overview[1]

BIG 8051 Manual 5
Connecting to power supply
To power the development system on, we have to provide power supply voltage over AC/DC connector CN18. Before you turn the system
on, it is necessary to place jumper J11 in the EXT position. Next, set the switch marked POWER SUPPLY to the ON position. As soon as
the development system now powers on, a green LED labelled POWER will automatically illuminate.
Power Supply connector
Power supply module connections schematic

BIG 8051 Manual 6
C8051F040 microcontroller
The BIG8051 system has a 100-pin microcontroller C8051F040 in
TQFP package. Today over fifty companies produce variations of the
8051. Several of these companies have over fifty variations of this sys-
tem. To bring things into context, over 100 million 8051’s are sold
each year. Our microcontroller appears to be soldered on the MCU
card.
Originally, 8051 belongs to the MCS-51 family of microcontrollers.
MCS-51 was developed by Intel but other manufacturers are second
sources of this family. The MCS-51, now commonly referred to as the
8051 is a Harvard architecture, consisting of physically separate storage
and signal pathways for instructions and data. Today, most processors
implement such separate signal pathways for performance reasons. The
original MCS-51 featured 8-bit ALU, registers, and data busses. The
following table shows the features of the MCS-51 and the BIG8051:
Microcontroller 8051F040
Pinout [3]
MCS-51 BIG8051
 4K bytes internal ROM
 128 bytes internal RAM
 Four 8-bit I/O ports
 Two 16-bit timers
 Serial interface
 64K external code memory
space
 64K external data memory
space
 210 bit-addressable locations
 Pipelined instruction architecture
executes 70% of instruction set in
1 or 2 system clocks
 Up to 25 MIPS throughout with
25MHz clock
 4352 bytes internal RAM
 64kB Flash; in-system program-
mable 512-byte sectors
 BOSCH Controller Area Network
(CAN 2.0B), hardware SMBus™
(I2C™ Compatible), SPI™, and
two UART serial ports available
concurrently
 Internal calibrated programmable
oscillator: 3 to 24.5 MHz; etc.
The microcontroller can be replaced with another one if desired, but it is
important to make sure that they are compatible with the pinouts. “1-wire
serial communication enables data to be transferred over one single com-
munication line, while the process itself is under control of the master
microcontroller. The advantage of this communication is that only one
microcontroller pin is used. All slave devices have unique ID code, which
enables the master device to easily identify all devices sharing the same
communication bus

BIG 8051 Manual 7
Programming microcontroller
The C8051F040 microcontroller must be programmed using a USB DEBUG ADAPTER which is provided with the box. It is always a good practice to make sure that the power is turned
on, the USB DEBUG ADAPTER is connected to the development system through the cable as shown(CN23).
JTAG programmer USB DEBUG ADAPTER
Connector for programmer
Connecting JTAG Programmer

BIG 8051 Manual 8
Ethernet module
The Ethernet module lets us access the LAN network via the connector (RJ45). Using Serial Peripheral Interface, this
module can communicate with the microcontroller.
Ethernet module
Ethernet module connection schematic [4]
Connecting Ethernet cable

BIG 8051 Manual 9
Piezo Buzzer
Piezo buzzers are used for making beeps, tones, and alerts. To use, one pin has to be connected
to the ground (in schematic) and the other pin to a square wave out from a timer or microcon-
troller. For the loudest tones, stay around 4KHz. This buzzer gives the BIG8051 development
system the ability to emit audio signals. Best performance for our Piezo buzzer can be achieved
with frequencies between 2KHz and 4KHz. To make a connection between the piezo buzzer
and the microcontroller, it is necessary to set switch 8 on the DIP switch SW13 to the ON posi-
tion . The figure currently shows it in off position.
Piezo buzzer connected to the microcontroller
Piezo buzzer and connection schematic [5]
Piezo buzzer

BIG 8051 Manual 10
Temperature sensor
Our BIG8051 development system comes with a DS1820 temperature sensor that uses 1-wire
communication as mentioned earlier. It can be used to measure temperature in the range be-
tween –55 degrees Celsius to 125 degree Celsius with an accuracy of +/-0.5 degrees Celsius.
The sensor can convert temperature with 9-bit resolution and takes a maximum of 750ms. The
communication between this module and the microcontroller is achieved via pin P2.7 as shown
in the diagram. To establish a connection between them, it is necessary to set switch 8 on the
DIP switch SW15 to the ON position.
DS1820 and microcontroller connection schematic [6]
DS1820 temperature sensor connected. Make sure that the rounded
side of the DS1820 matches the half circle on board
Switch 8 on the DIP switch SW15 is set to OFF at the moment. To
connect DS1820, set pin P2.7 to ON

BIG 8051 Manual 11
USB UART module
The USB UART module is used to connect the microcontrol-
ler to an external USB device. To establish connection be-
tween the microcontroller and the USB UART module, it is
important to set switches 1 and 3 (optionally 2 and 4) to the
ON position.
The BIG8051 can also use this module to power itself. To
achieve this, it is necessary to set the switch position of jumper
J11 (found on the power module) from EXT to USB.
SW13
Connecting USB cable
USB connector and microcontroller connection schematic [7]
USB UART module

BIG 8051 Manual 12
RS-232 modules
The RS-232 modules allow the development system to
communicate to external devices in compliance with
the RS-232 standard. The two RS modules in the
BIG8051 can operate separately. To connect, switches
1 and 3 (optionally 2 and 4) on DIP switch SW11
should be set to the ON position.
RS-232 module
RS-232 module connection schematic [8]

BIG 8051 Manual 13
CAN module
Controller Area Network (CAN) is a communication
standard primarily intended for use in the automotive
industry. It is used when microcontrollers and devices
need to communicate with each other in applications
without a host computer. The modern automobile may
have as many as 70 electric control units for various
subsystems. Typically the biggest processor is the en-
gine control unit. Others are used for transmission, air-
bags, ABS, cruise control, electric power steering, audio
systems, power windows, doors, mirrors, etc. Some of
these form independent subsystems, but communica-
tions among others are essential. A subsystem may need
to control actuators or receive feedback from sensors.
The CAN standard was devised to fill this need.
Each CAN node is able to send and receive messages,
but not simultaneously. The devices that are usually
connected by a CAN network are typically sensors, ac-
tuators, and other control devices. The host processor
decides what the received messages mean and what
messages it wants to transmit. Sensors, actuators and
control devices can be connected to the host processor.
CAN controller stores the receives serial bits from the
bus until an entire message is available, which can then
be fetched by the host processer, usually by the CAN
controller triggering an interrupt. For sending, the host
processor sends the transmit messages to a CAN con-
troller, which transmits the bits serially onto the bus
when the bus is free.
To establish connection between this module and the
microcontroller, it is necessary to set the switches 1 and
2 on the DIP switch SW12 to the ON position.
CAN module connector
CAN module SW12
CAN module and microcontroller connection schematic [9]

BIG 8051 Manual 14
ZigBee module
The BIG805 enables you to connect the ZigBee module that is used
for wireless communication. The module communicates with the mi-
crocontroller with the standard SPI protocols. It is necessary to set
switches 1,3 and 5 on the DIP switch SW10, as well as the switches
1,2,3 and 4 on the DIP switch SW15 to the ON position for function-
ality.
At the moment, our boards do not have any RF module attached to it.
However, the MRF24J40MA ZigBee module can be connected to the
development system. This module can be used as an ideal solution for
wireless sensor networks, home automation, building automation, and
consumer applications. The features of this particular radio transceiver
module are:
 2.4 GHz IEEE 8-2.15.4 Transceiver module supports ZigBee™,
MiWi™, and MiWi P2P protocols
 Integrated PCB Antenna with simple four-wire SPI interface to
PIC microcontroller
 Low current consumption

BIG 8051 Manual 15
MMC/SD connector
The development system is able to read memory cards due to the on-board
MMC/SD connector. The module uses microcontroller pins for serial com-
munication. To connect this module, it is necessary to set switches 1,3 and 5
(optionally 2,4, and 6) on the DIP switch SW10, as well as switches 1 and 2
on the DIP switch SW14 to the ON position.

BIG 8051 Manual 16
Comparator
The BIG8051 can compare voltage levels due to a comparator built into the
microcontroller. Voltage signals are supplied via potentiometers P5 and P6.
To enable voltage signals, set switches 5 and 6 on DIP switch SW15 to the
ON position.

BIG 8051 Manual 17
ADC module
The ADC module is used to convert an analog voltage level into the appropriate 12-bit digital value. The analog voltage signal is
supplied via screw terminals CH0, CH1, CH2, and CH3. The ADC module is built-in into the microcontroller. The voltage supplied
from the VREF pin is used as a voltage reference. In order to use this voltage, switch 8 on the DIP SW14 should be set to the ON
position.

BIG 8051 Manual 18
DAC module
. The DAC module attached to the development system can be used to
convert 12-bit digital values into appropriate analog voltage values.
The output analog voltage signals is delivered via screw terminals
DAC0, and DAC1. Like the ADC module, this module also uses the
VREF pin on the microcontroller as a voltage reference. To use this
voltage, switch 7 on DIP switch SW14 should be set to the ON posi-
tion.

BIG 8051 Manual 19
Memory modules
The BIG8051 comes with Flash, RAM
and EEPROM memory modules. This
allows the microcontroller to expand its
memory space.
The Flash module lets the microcontrol-
ler to use an additional 8Mbit flash
memory via SPI. To establish connec-
tion between the Flash module and the
microcontroller, switches 1, 3, and 5
(optionally 2, 4, and 6) on the DIP
switch SW10, as well as switch 7 on the
DIP switch SW15 to the ON position.
The RAM module enables the microcon-
troller to use an additional 64Kbit RAM
memory via SPI. To enable this connec-
tion between the module and the micro-
controller, it is necessary to set switches
1,3,5,7 and 8 (optionally 2,4,6) on the
DIP switch SW10 to the ON position.
EEPROM module enables the microcon-
troller to use an additional 1Kbit
EEPROM memory via I2C serial con-
nection. Set switches 3 and 5 (optionally
4 and 6) on the DIP switch SW12 to the
ON position.

BIG 8051 Manual 20
LEDs
There are a total of 64 LEDs on the development
board and can be used to visually indicate the state of
each microcontroller I/O pin. When active, an LED
indicates that a logic 1 is present on that particular
pin. To enable LEDs to illuminate, it is necessary to
select the appropriate port using DIP switch SW9.
There are 8 available ports labelled PORT0 through
PORT7.