Mitsubishi QD51 Owner's manual

(Command)
AD51H-BASIC Programming Manual(Command)
PProgramming Manual
Mitsubishi Programmable
Logic Controller
When exported from Japan, this manual does not require application to the
Ministry of International Trade and Industry for service transaction permission.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
HEAD OFFICE : MITSUBISHI DENKI BLDG MARUNOUCHI TOKYO 100-8310 TELEX : J24532 CABLE MELCO TOKYO
NAGOYA WORKS : 1-14 , YADA-MINAMI 5 , HIGASHI-KU, NAGOYA , JAPAN
MODEL
MODEL
CODE
BASIC-P-COM2-E
13JF63
SH(NA)-080090-B(0009)MEE
QD51
QD51-R24
A1SD51S
AD51H-S3
AD51H-BASIC
Programming Manual(Command)
AD51H-BASIC

A - 1 A - 1
•SAFETY PRECAUTIONS •
(Always read these instructions before using this equipment.)
Before using this product, please read this manual and the relevant manuals introduced in this manual
carefully and pay full attention to safety to handle the product correctly.
The instructions given in this manual are concerned with this product. For the safety instructions of the
programmable controller system, please read the CPU module user's manual.
In this manual, the safety instructions are ranked as "DANGER" and "CAUTION".
!DANGER
CAUTION
!
Indicates that incorrect handling may cause hazardous conditions,
resulting in death or severe injury.
Indicates that incorrect handling may cause hazardous conditions,
resulting in medium or slight personal injury or physical damage.
Note that the !CAUTION level may lead to a serious consequence according to the circumstances.
Always follow the instructions of both levels because they are important to personal safety.
Please save this manual to make it accessible when required and always forward it to the end user.
[Design Precautions]
!DANGER
•Make sure to configure the interlock line outside the PLC system so that the system always
operates normally when changing the data and control status of the PLC being operated from a
peripheral device.
Moreover, determine in advance how the system handles with communication errors by poor
cable connection, etc. that may occur when performing online operations on the PLC CPU from
a peripheral device.
!CAUTION
•Please read this manual thoroughly and confirm the safety before starting online operations
(especially forced outputs and operating status modifications) performed by connecting a
peripheral device to the operating CPU module.
Incorrect online operations may cause damage to the machinery or result in accidents.

A - 2 A - 2
REVISIONS * The manual number is given on the bottom left of the back cover.
Print Date * Manual Number Revision
Apr., 2000 SH(NA)-080090-A First printing
Sep., 2000 SH(NA)-080090-B Correction
PCRD instruction processing code 516,
PCWT instruction processing code 516
Japanese Manual Version SH-080094-B
This manual confers no industrial property rights or any rights of any other kind, nor does it confer any patent
licenses. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation cannot be held responsible for any problems involving industrial property
rights which may occur as a result of using the contents noted in this manual.
2000 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION

A - 3 A - 3
INTRODUCTION
Thank you for purchasing the MELSEC-Q, A series PLC.
Please read this manual carefully so that equipment is used to its optimum.
CONTENTS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS..............................................................................................................................A- 1
REVISIONS....................................................................................................................................................A- 2
CONTENTS....................................................................................................................................................A- 3
How to use this manual..................................................................................................................................A-13
Regarding Compiler BASIC...........................................................................................................................A-13
About Module Names ....................................................................................................................................A-13
1 OVERVIEW 1- 1 to 1- 3
1.1 Features ..................................................................................................................................................1- 2
1.2 Symbols Used in This Manual................................................................................................................1- 3
2 THE BASICS OF AD51H-BASIC 2- 1 to 2- 24
2.1 Preparation to Use AD51H-BASIC.........................................................................................................2- 1
2.2 Direct Mode and Program Mode ............................................................................................................2- 4
2.3 Line Format.............................................................................................................................................2- 4
2.4 Spaces and Keywords............................................................................................................................2- 5
2.5 Characters Used in BASIC.....................................................................................................................2- 6
2.6 What are Instructions and Functions?....................................................................................................2- 9
2.7 Constants ................................................................................................................................................2-10
2.7.1 Character string constants...............................................................................................................2-10
2.7.2 Numeric constants............................................................................................................................2-10
2.7.3 Single-precision and double-precision numeric constants .............................................................2-10
2.8 Variables..................................................................................................................................................2-12
2.8.1 Variable names and type declaration characters............................................................................2-12
2.8.2 Array variables..................................................................................................................................2-13
2.8.3 Special variables (How to use B@ and W@) .................................................................................2-14
2.9 Type Conversion.....................................................................................................................................2-17
2.10 Expressions and Operators..................................................................................................................2-18
2.10.1 Arithmetic operators.......................................................................................................................2-18
2.10.2 Relational operators.......................................................................................................................2-20
2.10.3 Logical operators............................................................................................................................2-21
2.11 Character String Operations.................................................................................................................2-23
2.12 Priority Order of Operations..................................................................................................................2-24

A - 4 A - 4
3 LET'S CREATE AND EXECUTE A PROGRAM 3 - 1 to 3- 49
3.1 Creating a Program.................................................................................................................................3- 3
3.2 Executing and Editing a Program...........................................................................................................3- 5
3.2.1 Executing a program........................................................................................................................3- 5
3.2.2 If an error occurs ..............................................................................................................................3- 5
3.2.3 Editing a program.............................................................................................................................3- 6
3.3 Saving and Loading a Program..............................................................................................................3-10
3.3.1 Memory cards used for AD51H-BASIC (AD51H-S3 only)..............................................................3-10
3.3.2 Saving a program.............................................................................................................................3-11
3.3.3 Loading programs............................................................................................................................3-15
3.4 Organizing Memory Cards and FDs.......................................................................................................3-16
3.4.1 Displaying file names.......................................................................................................................3-16
3.4.2 Renaming files..................................................................................................................................3-18
3.4.3 Deleting files.....................................................................................................................................3-19
3.5 Specifying Data.......................................................................................................................................3-20
3.5.1 Assignment statements....................................................................................................................3-20
3.5.2 Preparing groups of data .................................................................................................................3-21
3.6 Jumps and Loops....................................................................................................................................3-23
3.6.1 Jump unconditionally........................................................................................................................3-23
3.6.2 Jump depending on a value.............................................................................................................3-23
3.6.3 Loop for the number of times specified...........................................................................................3-24
3.6.4 Loop while a certain condition is met...............................................................................................3-25
3.7 Letting BASIC Make Decisions...............................................................................................................3-26
3.7.1 Condition specification.....................................................................................................................3-26
3.7.2 Judgment instructions......................................................................................................................3-27
3.8 How to Use Arrays.................................................................................................................................3 -29
3.8.1 Number of dimensions in an array...................................................................................................3-30
3.9 Using Subroutines...................................................................................................................................3-31
3.10 Displaying Characters on the Screen...................................................................................................3-32
3.10.1 Functions for displaying characters...............................................................................................3-33
3.10.2 Displaying characters to an arbitrary position...............................................................................3-35
3.11 Entering Data Using the Keyboard.......................................................................................................3-37
3.12 Printing to the Printer ............................................................................................................................3-39
3.13 Character Processing ...........................................................................................................................3-40
3.13.1 Types of characters........................................................................................................................3-40
3.13.2 Half-byte character unit processing...............................................................................................3-40
3.13.3 Processes in full-Byte character increments.................................................................................3-44
3.14 About Types of Numeric Relationships................................................................................................3-46
3.15 Executing a Large Program by Dividing it up.......................................................................................3-47

A - 5 A - 5
4 THE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE PLC AND BUFFER MEMORY 4-- 1 to 4- 21
4.1 PLC Numeric Data and BASIC Numeric Data.......................................................................................4- 1
4.2 The Exchange with the PLC...................................................................................................................4- 2
4.2.1 Control tables ...................................................................................................................................4- 2
4.2.2 PLC station number .........................................................................................................................4- 3
4.2.3 Choosing a process .........................................................................................................................4-12
4.2.4 Bit/Word designation........................................................................................................................4-12
4.2.5 Device number designation .............................................................................................................4-13
4.2.6 Storage area for reading and writing data.......................................................................................4-15
4.3 Communication with the Buffer Memory................................................................................................4-20
5 COMMUNICATION USING GENERAL-PURPOSE INPUT/OUTPUT 5- 1 to 5- 7
5.1 Communications Module PLC CPU (About Input Device X)............................................................5- 1
5.2 PLC CPU Communications Module (About Output Device Y).........................................................5- 4
6 I/O PROCESSING OF DATA FILES 6- 1 to 6- 13
6.1 File Numbers............................................................................................................................................6- 2
6.2 Sequential File I/O Procedures................................................................................................................6- 3
6.3 Random File I/O Procedures...................................................................................................................6- 7
6.4 Caution on Handling Data Files...............................................................................................................6 12
6.4.1 Handling data files during multitask processing...............................................................................6-12
6.4.2 Number of data files that can be handled by each program............................................................6-13
7 COMMUNICATION WITH EXTERNAL DEVICES 7- 1 to 7- 14
7.1 Correspondence between the Interface and Channel Number.............................................................7- 1
7.2 Preparation for the Communication........................................................................................................7- 2
7.2.1 Communication parameter setting...................................................................................................7- 2
7.2.2 Control table.....................................................................................................................................7- 4
7.3 Communication Procedure with External Devices.................................................................................7- 6
7.3.1 Communication with a console........................................................................................................7- 6
7.3.2 Communication with a terminal........................................................................................................7- 8
7.3.3 Communicating with a printer ..........................................................................................................7-10
7.3.4 Communication with other external devices....................................................................................7-12
7.4 Interrupt Processing from External Devices...........................................................................................7-14
8 MULTITASK PROCESSING 8- 1 to 8-19
8.1 Multitask Processing...............................................................................................................................8- 1
8.2 How to Synchronize the Execution (Event Control)...............................................................................8- 5
8.3 To Use Devices (Resources) in Multitasking (Mutual Exclusive Control of Resources)......................8- 8
8.4 Start Another Program from within a Program.......................................................................................8-13
8.5 Exchanging Data between Tasks...........................................................................................................8-14
8.5.1 Common memory and internal devices.......................................................................................... 8-14
8.5.2 Message ports................................................................................................................................. 8-16

A - 6 A - 6
9 THE CONCEPT OF ERROR HANDLING 9- 1 to 9- 3
9.1 Definition of Error Handling.....................................................................................................................9- 1
9.2 How to Determine the Type of Error and the Location where the Error Occurred ...............................9- 2
9.3 Precautions Regarding Error Handling ..................................................................................................9- 3
10 PROGRAM DEBUGGING 10- 1 to 10- 3
10.1 Sequence of Debugging Programs Executed Simultaneously in Multitasking.................................10- 1
10.2 Instructions Used when Debugging Programs ..................................................................................10- 1
11 INSTRUCTIONS AND FUNCTIONS 11- 1 to 11-475
ABS (Returns the absolute value)...............................................................................................................11- 2
AKCNV$ (Converts half-byte characters to full-byte characters)...............................................................11- 3
ASC (Returns the character code of the starting character).......................................................................11- 4
ATN (Returns arc tangent)...........................................................................................................................11- 5
AUTO (Automatically displays the line number) .........................................................................................11- 6
B@ (Reads and writes bit information)........................................................................................................11- 7
BEEP (The buzzer sounds).........................................................................................................................11- 8
BIN$ (Returns a character string of the binary expression of an integer)..................................................11- 9
BSWAP (Swaps two values in byte units)...................................................................................................11-11
CDBI (Converts a double precision real number to a 32-bit integer) .........................................................11-14
CDBL (Converts an integer or a single precision real number to a double precision real number)..........11-16
CHAIN (Reads program or combine to execute)........................................................................................11-18
CHR$ (Returns a character of the specified character code).....................................................................11-20
CIDB (Converts a 32-bit integer into a double precision real number).......................................................11-21
CINT (Converts a single precision real number or a double precision real number into an integer)........11-23
CISN (Converts a 32-bit integer into a single precision real number)........................................................11-25
CLEAR (Initializes all variables and sets up the memory area).................................................................11-27
CLOSE (Terminates the I/O processing of a file)........................................................................................11-28
CLS (Clears the screen)..............................................................................................................................11-29
COM ON/OFF/STOP (Controls to enable, prohibit, and stop the interrupt from the
communication line)..................................................................................................................11-30
COMMON (Sets variable and others to be passed to the program to be read)........................................11-31
CONSOLE (Sets the number of display lines of the console screen)........................................................11-32
CONT (Resumes the program that was stopped)......................................................................................11-33
COS (Returns a cosine value).....................................................................................................................11-34
CSNG (Converts an integer or a double precision real number into a single precision real number)......11-35
CSNI (Converts a single precision real number into a 32-bit integer)........................................................11-36
CVD (Converts a character string, which was converted by the MKD$ function, back to
a double precision real number)..............................................................................................11-38
CVDMBF (Converts into the IEEE format double precision internal expression)......................................11-39
CVI (Converts a character string, which was converted by the MKI$ function, back to an integer).........11-40
CVS (Converts a character string, which was converted by the MKS$ function, back to
a single precision real number)................................................................................................11-41

A - 7 A - 7
CVSMBF (Converts into the internal expression of a floating point real number that is used by
A2A and A3A)...........................................................................................................................11-42
DATA (Specifies data to be read by READ)................................................................................................11-44
DATE$ (Sets year, month, and day to the PLC CPU, and reads)..............................................................11-46
DEFDBL (Defines variables that start with a character of the specified range as the double
precision real number type)......................................................................................................11-48
DEFFN (Defines a user function).................................................................................................................11-49
DEFINT (Defines variables that start with a character of the specified range as the integer type)...........11-51
DEFSNG (Defines variables that start with a character of the specified range as the single
precision real number type)......................................................................................................11-52
DEFSTR (Defines variables that start with a character of the specified range as the character type).....11-53
DEF ZEVENT (Defines an event, and defines an event by bit device)......................................................11-54
DELETE (Deletes the specified range of the program)..............................................................................11-57
DIM (Defines the array)................................................................................................................................11-58
END (Terminates the execution of the program and brings to the input wait state or the idling state).....11-60
EOF (End of a sequential file is detected)...................................................................................................11-61
ERASE (Deletes the array from memory)...................................................................................................11-62
ERL (Returns the line number where an error was detected)....................................................................11-63
ERR (Returns the error code of the detected error)....................................................................................11-64
ERROR (Generates the error of the specified error code).........................................................................11-65
EXP (Returns the exponential function value)............................................................................................11-66
FIELD (Assigns the area for the specified variable to the random file buffer)...........................................11-67
FILES (Displays the file name)....................................................................................................................11-68
FIX (Returns only the integer part after truncating the fractional part of the numeric value).....................11-69
FOR to NEXT (Executes a series of instructions for the specified number of times)................................11-70
FORMAT (Initializes the file area of a memory card)..................................................................................11-72
FRE (Returns the size of the unused area of memory in bytes)................................................................11-74
GET (Reads one record from a random file to the random file buffer).......................................................11-75
GETMEM (Reads data from the buffer memory, common memory, and internal device ED)..................11-76
GOSUB RETURN (Branches to a subroutine)............................................................................................11-80
GOTO (Branches to specified line)..............................................................................................................11-82
HEX$ (Converts a decimal number to a hexadecimal character string)....................................................11-83
IF GOTO ELSE (Selects a branch destination according to the result of an expression).........................11-84
IF THEN ELSE (Selects an instruction according to the result of the expression)....................................11-86
INKEY$ (Returns the character input from the keyboard)..........................................................................11-88
INPUT (Data entry from the keyboard)........................................................................................................11-90
IPUT$ (Returns a character string of the specified length after reading from the keyboard,
file and the communication port)..............................................................................................11-92
INPUT# (Reads data from a sequential file)...............................................................................................11-95
INSTR (Returns a specified character string in the character string).........................................................11-96
INT (Returns the integer value of the numeric expression)........................................................................11-98
JIS$ (Returns the Kanji code of a full-byte character)..............................................................................11-100
KACNV$ (Converts a full-byte character to a half-byte character)...........................................................11-101
KEXT$ (Returns only full-byte characters or half-byte characters from a character expression)...........11-102
KEY (Defines a character string to a function key of the console)...........................................................11-104
KEYLIST (Displays the character string defined to the function key of the console)...............................11-105

A - 8 A - 8
KILL (Deletes a file)....................................................................................................................................11-106
KINSTR (Searches through a character string containing full-byte characters for the specified
character string and displays the first location in which it is found)......................................11-108
KLEN (Returns the number of characters of the character string that includes full-byte characters).....11-110
KMID$ (Returns the partial character string that starts at the specified position of a character
string that includes full-byte characters)................................................................................11-112
KMODE (Performs conversion settings of Kanji code).............................................................................11-114
KNJ$ (Returns the full-byte character of the specified Kanji code)..........................................................11-117
KTYPE (Returns the character type of the specified position within the character string that
includes full-byte characters).................................................................................................11-118
LEFT$ (Extracts a character string of the number of characters specified from the left of
the character string)................................................................................................................11-119
LEN (Returns the number of characters of a character string).................................................................11-121
LET (Assigns the value of the expression to a variable)...........................................................................11-122
LFILES (Prints the filenames to the printer)..............................................................................................11-124
LINE INPUT (Stores the key input into a character string variable).........................................................11-126
LINE INPUT# (Reads character from a sequential file into a character string variable).........................11-128
LIST (Displays the program)......................................................................................................................11-129
LLIST (The program will be printed to the printer)....................................................................................11-130
LOAD (Reads programs)...........................................................................................................................11-131
LOC (Returns the current logical location within a file).............................................................................11-132
LOCATE (Specifies the display position on the console screen).............................................................11-133
LOF (Returns the size of a file in record units)..........................................................................................11-135
LOG (Returns a natural logarithm value)..................................................................................................11-136
LPRINT (Outputs data to the printer).........................................................................................................11-137
LPRINT USING (Outputs data in the specified format to the printer).......................................................11-138
LSET (Moves data from memory to the random file buffer and stores left-justified)...............................11-139
MERGE (Merges programs in the memory and a read program)............................................................11-140
MID$ (Part 1) (Replaces a section of a character string with another character string)..........................11-142
MID$ (Part 2) (Returns the partial character expression that begins with the specified position
in a character string)...............................................................................................................11-144
MKD$ (Converts a double-precision type numeric value into a character string)....................................11-145
MKDMBF$ (Converts data of IEEE format internal expression to a character string that
can be converted to a numeric value using the CVD function).............................................11-147
MKI$ (Converts an integer type numeric value into a character string)...................................................11-148
MKS$ (Converts a single-precision type numeric value into a character string).....................................11-149
MKSMBF$ (Converts data of floating point real numbers used by the A2A and A3A into
a character string that can be converted to a numeric value using the CVS function)........11-150
NAME (Changes file names).....................................................................................................................11-152
NEW (Erases all programs in memory and initializes all variables).........................................................11-154
OCT$ (Converts a numeric value into a character string variable in octal notation)...............................11-155
ON COM GOSUB (Branches to subroutine when an interrupt occurs from a communication line).......11-157
ON ERROR GOTO (Branch to an error handling routine if an error occurs)...........................................11-162
ON GOSUB (Branches to subroutine depending on the value of the specified expression)..................11-164
ON GOTO (Branches to specified line numbers depending on the value of the specified
expression).............................................................................................................................11-166

A - 9 A - 9
OPEN (Opens a file and enables it for input/output processing)..............................................................11-168
PCRD 11-170
PCRD - Processing Code 1 - (Reading device memory data).................................................................11-172
PCRD - Processing Code 2 - (Reading device memory registered to be monitored by
the PCWT instruction)............................................................................................................11-175
PCRD - Processing Code 4 - (Reading extension file register data) .......................................................11-179
PCRD - Processing Code 5 - (Reading extension file registers registered to be monitored by
the PCWT instruction)............................................................................................................11-182
PCRD - Processing Code 7 - (Reading extension file register data by specifying sequential
addresses)..............................................................................................................................11-185
PCRD - Processing Code 8 - (Loading a sequence program).................................................................11-190
PCRD - Processing Code 9 - (Loading a microcomputer program).........................................................11-194
PCRD - Processing Code 10 - (Reading comment data).........................................................................11-199
PCRD - Processing Code 11 - (Reading extension comment data)........................................................11-202
PCRD - Processing Code 12 - (Reading a special function module’s buffer memory)...........................11-205
PCRD - Processing Code 13 - (Reading the type name of the PLC CPU)..............................................11-213
PCRD - Processing Code 14 - (Reading parameter data) .......................................................................11-216
PCRD - Processing Code 21 - (Reading network information)................................................................11-221
PCRD - Processing Code 22 - (Reading routing parameters) .................................................................11-223
PCRD - Processing Code 513 - (Reading the type name of the Q/QnA series PLC CPU)....................11-225
PCRD - Processing Code 515 - (Reading device memory of the Q/QnA series PLC CPU) ..................11-229
PCRD - Processing Code 516 - (Random read of device memory of the Q/QnA series PLC)...............11-235
PCRD - Processing Code 533 - (Reading the buffer memory of the intelligent functional module
of the Q/QnA series PLC CPU)..............................................................................................11-246
PCWT 11-256
PCRD - Processing Code 1 - (Writing to device memory)........................................................................11-258
PCWT - Processing Code 2 - (Monitor registration of device memory)...................................................11-262
PCWT - Processing Code 3 - (Random writing to device memory).........................................................11-267
PCWT - Processing Code 4 - (Writing to extension file registers)............................................................11-271
PCWT - Processing Code 5 - (Monitor registration of extension file registers) .......................................11-274
PCWT - Processing Code 6 - (Random writing to extension file registers) .............................................11-278
PCWT - Processing Code 7 - (Writing data to extension file registers by specifying sequential
addresses)..............................................................................................................................11-281
PCWT - Processing Code 8 - (Writing a sequence program) ..................................................................11-286
PCWT - Processing Code 9 - (Writing a microcomputer program)..........................................................11-292
PCWT - Processing Code 10 - (Writing comment data)...........................................................................11-297
PCWT - Processing Code 11 - (Writing extension comment data)..........................................................11-300
PCWT - Processing Code 12 - (Writing to the special function module's buffer memory)......................11-303
PCWT - Processing Code 14 - (Writing parameter data).........................................................................11-310
PCWT - Processing Code 15 - (Analyzing parameter data).....................................................................11-314
PCWT - Processing Code 16 - (Remote STOP of the PLC CPU)...........................................................11-316
PCWT - Processing Code 17 - (Remote RUN of the PLC CPU) .............................................................11-318
PCWT - Processing Code 20 - (Interrupting the PLC CPU).....................................................................11-320
PCWT - Processing Code 515 - (Writing data to the device memory of a Q/QnA series PLC CPU).....11-322
PCWT - Processing Code 516 - (Random data writing to the device memory of a Q/QnA series
PLC CPU)...............................................................................................................................11-327

A - 10 A - 10
PCWT - Processing Code 533 - (Writing data to the buffer memory of the intelligent functional
module of the Q/QnA series PLC CPU) ................................................................................11-335
PRINT (Displays data on the screen)........................................................................................................11-344
PRINT USING (Displays a character string or numeric value in the specified format)............................11-345
PRINT# (Writes data to a sequential file)..................................................................................................11-349
PRINT# USING (Writes data to a sequential file in the specified format)................................................11-350
PUT (Writes one record from a random file buffer to a random file)........................................................11-351
PUTMEM (Writes data to buffer memory, common memory, or internal device ED)..............................11-352
RDSET (Reads one bit data from the specified bit)..................................................................................11-357
READ (Reads a value defined by the DATA instruction and assigns it to a variable).............................11-359
REM (Provides comments)........................................................................................................................11-360
RENUM (Reassigns line numbers of a program).....................................................................................11-361
RESTORE (Specifies a data read with READ instruction).......................................................................11-362
RESUME (Execution of the error handling routine is completed)............................................................11-363
RIGHT$ (Extracts a character string consisting of the specified number of characters from
the right end of a character string and assigns it to a variable)............................................11-364
RND (Generates random numbers)..........................................................................................................11-365
ROT (Returns the bit-rotated value of the integer value data)..................................................................11-366
RSET (Moves data from memory to a random file buffer and stores right-justified)................................11-368
RUN (1) (Starts the execution of the program).........................................................................................11-369
RUN (2) (Executes after loading a program).............................................................................................11-370
SAVE (Saves a program)..........................................................................................................................11-371
SEARCH (Searches for the specified value among the elements of the selected array
variable and returns the position of the element)..................................................................11-372
SGN (Returns the sign of a value).............................................................................................................11-374
SHA (Returns the arithmetically shifted value of the integer data)...........................................................11-375
SHT (Returns the logically shifted value of the integer data)...................................................................11-377
SIN (Returns the sine)................................................................................................................................11-379
SPACE$ (Returns a null string of a specified length)...............................................................................11-380
SPC (Returns a specified number of blank spaces).................................................................................11-381
SQR (Returns the square root of the specified value)..............................................................................11-382
STOP (Pauses the program execution or puts it in the stop status)........................................................11-383
STR$ (Converts a value to a character string, assuming the value is given as a decimal number).......11-384
STRING$ (Returns the specified character for the specified number of times).......................................11-386
SYSTEM (Returns to system mode or the main menu screen)...............................................................11-388
SWAP (Swaps the values of two variables)..............................................................................................11-389
TAB (Moves the current character display position to the specified position).........................................11-390
TAN (Returns the tangent).........................................................................................................................11-391
TIME$ (Sets the time of the PLC CPU's clock and reads).......................................................................11-392
TROFF (Resets the trace in a program)....................................................................................................11-394
TRON (Starts a trace in a program)..........................................................................................................11-395
VAL (Returns the value represented by a character string).....................................................................11-396
W@(Reads or writes word information)...................................................................................................11-398
WHILE WEND (These instructions are used repeatedly, while the specified condition holds)...............11-400
WIDTH (Sets the width of data to be output to the printer).......................................................................11-402
WTSET (Writes 0 or 1 to the specified bit)................................................................................................11-403

A - 11 A - 11
ZBAS (Returns the number of the BASIC task area in which the program currently being created).....11-405
ZCLOSE (Closes a communication channel)...........................................................................................11-406
ZCNTL 11-407
ZCNTL - Processing Code 16 - (Specifying communication parameter).................................................11-409
ZCNTL - Processing Code 17 - (Reading communication parameters)..................................................11-409
ZCNTL - Processing Code 18 - (Specifying communication control parameters)...................................11-411
ZCNTL - Processing Code 19 - (Reading communication control parameters)......................................11-411
ZCNTL - Processing Code 22 - (Specifying break characters)................................................................11-414
ZCNTL - Processing Code 23 - (Reading break characters) ...................................................................11-414
ZCNTL - Processing Code 24 - (Specifying continuous break characters).............................................11-416
ZCNTL - Processing Code 25 - (Reading continuous break characters) ................................................11-416
ZCNTL - Processing Code 32 - (Turning ON/OFF the RS and ER control signals)................................11-418
ZCNTL - Processing Code 33 - (Reading the ON/OFF status of the CS, DR, RS, ER and CD
control signals)........................................................................................................................11-420
ZCNTL - Processing Code 48 - (Specifying high impedance control) .....................................................11-422
ZCNTL - Processing Code 64 - (Reading causes of reception errors)....................................................11-423
ZCNTL - Processing Code 80 - (Reading the receive buffer size and the number of characters) .........11-425
ZCNTL - Processing Code 96 - (Specifying Kanji code conversion)........................................................11-426
ZCNTL - Processing Code 100 - (Specifying Kanji shift in/out codes).....................................................11-427
ZCNTL - Processing Code 128 - (Reading the printer status) .................................................................11-430
ZCNTL - Processing Code 136 - (Outputting the initialization signal to the printer)................................11-432
ZEVENT (Enables or disables event generation).....................................................................................11-433
ZIDV (Specifies the data input device for the INPUT instruction, etc).....................................................11-434
ZLDV (Selects a communication port for a printer)...................................................................................11-435
ZMESSAGE (Defines a message port).....................................................................................................11-436
ZMESSAGE CLOSE (Closes message ports)..........................................................................................11-439
ZMESSAGE GET (Reads messages from message ports).....................................................................11-440
ZMESSAGE KILL (Deletes the message ports).......................................................................................11-442
ZMESSAGE OPEN (Opens a message port)...........................................................................................11-443
ZMESSAGE PUT (Writes messages to a message port)........................................................................11-444
ZMOVE (Transfers data between valiables).............................................................................................11-446
ZODV (Specifies the data output destination for the PRINT instruction, etc)..........................................11-451
ZOPEN (Opens a communication channel)..............................................................................................11-452
ZRECEIVE (Receives data from a communication channel)...................................................................11-454
ZRELEASE (Allows other programs to use a resource to which a resource number is assigned)........11-460
ZRESERVE (Prohibits other programs from using a resource to which a resource number is
assigned)................................................................................................................................11-461
ZSEND (Sends data from a communication channel)..............................................................................11-463
ZSIGNAL (Generates the specified event)................................................................................................11-469
ZSTART (Starts up the specified program)...............................................................................................11-470
ZURGENCY (Changes the priority of a program).....................................................................................11-472
ZWAIT DELAY (Pauses the program execution until the specified time has elapsed)...........................11-473
ZWAIT EVENT (Pauses the program execution until the specified event is generated)........................11-474

A - 12 A - 12
APPENDIX App- 1 to App-42
Appendix 1 File Name..............................................................................................................................App- 1
Appendix 1.1 Drive Number.................................................................................................................App- 1
Appendix 1.2 System Name ................................................................................................................App- 2
Appendix 1.3 File Name.......................................................................................................................App- 3
Appendix 1.4 Wild Cards......................................................................................................................App- 4
Appendix 1.5 Precautions when Using Wild Cards.............................................................................App- 5
Appendix 1.6 The Efficient Way to Assign a File Name .....................................................................App- 5
Appendix 2 Precautions on Interrupt Processing....................................................................................App- 6
Appendix 3 Instructions and Functions that Switch Between Programs to be Executed in
Multitasking...........................................................................................................................App- 7
Appendix 4 Code Table ...........................................................................................................................App- 8
Appendix 4.1 Character Code Table...................................................................................................App- 8
Appendix 4.2 List of Control Keys........................................................................................................App- 9
Appendix 4.3 Control Codes for Screen Display when Using the General-Purpose Console ..........App-10
Appendix 4.4 List of Error Messages and Error Codes.......................................................................App-11
Appendix 4.4.1 Error message list...................................................................................................App-12
Appendix 4.4.2 System error code table..........................................................................................App-16
Appendix 5 How to Obtain Trigonometric Functions not Available in AD51H-BASIC...........................App-23
Appendix 6 Reserved Words...................................................................................................................App-24
Appendix 7 Details of Communication Control .......................................................................................App-26
Appendix 7.1 DC1/DC3 Control...........................................................................................................App-26
Appendix 7.1.1 DC1/DC3 transmission control enabled.................................................................App-26
Appendix 7.1.2 DC1/DC3 reception control enabled ......................................................................App-27
Appendix 7.2 Control by Signals..........................................................................................................App-28
Appendix 7.2.1 ER (DTR) control enabled......................................................................................App-28
Appendix 7.2.2 RS (RTS) control enabled ......................................................................................App-30
Appendix 7.2.3 DR (DSR) control enabled......................................................................................App-32
Appendix 7.2.4 CS (CTS) control enabled ......................................................................................App-33
Appendix 7.2.5 How to connect the communication module to an external device and
precautions on specifying control by signals.........................................................App-34
Appendix 7.3 Break Control.................................................................................................................App-36
Appendix 7.3.1 Break character specifying side .............................................................................App-36
Appendix 7.3.2 Flow of received data when a break character is specified...................................App-37
Appendix 7.4 Data Flow When an Error Occurs During Data Reception...........................................App-38
Appendix 7.4.1 Data flow when a transmission error occurs..........................................................App-38
Appendix 7.4.2 Data flow when a receive buffer full error occurs...................................................App-41
Appendix 7.5 How to Clear Reception Data Stored in the Receive Buffer ........................................App-42
Appendix 7.6 Sending or Receiving Character Data of 256 Bytes or More.......................................App-42

A - 13 A - 13
How to use this manual
• Please read Chapter 1 through Chapter 11 and the Appendix if the manual should be used with Interpreter
BASIC. It is not necessary to read Chapter 12.
• Please read Chapter 12 and understand the restrictions of the compiler if the manual should be used with
Compiler BASIC. Then proceed to read Chapter 1 through Chapter 11 and the Appendix.
Regarding Compiler BASIC
• Please be aware that there are many detailed restrictions for each instruction when using Compiler BASIC.
See Section 12.8.2 for details on these restrictions.
• An assembler and a linker is required to compile programs. These are not included in the SW1IVD-
AD51HP/SW1NX-AD51HP software package and must be purchased separately.
Recommended Products
• IBM/AT Compatible Personal Computer
Turbo Assembler Ver 5.0
Inprise Corporation
1-64-8 Sasazuka South Building, Sasazuka, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0073
TEL [phone]
• PC-9800 Series
Macro Assembler Ver 6.0
Microsoft Corporation
1-50-1 Sasazuka NA Building, Sasazuka, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8533
TEL [phone]
• MS-DOS is used for the Compiler BASIC. The user must have adequate knowledge about MS-DOS to use
it.
About Module Names
The module model names are abbreviated as follows in this manual.
AD51H-S3 • • • • • Refers to operations only for the AD51H-S3.
A1SD51S • • • • • Refers to operations only for the A1SD51S.
QD51 • • • • • Refers to operations only for the QD51.
QD51-R24 • • • • • Refers to operations only for the QD51-R24.
QD51 (-R24) • • • • • Refers to common items for both the QD51 and the QD51-R24.
Communication Module • • • • • Refers to common items for all modules.

1 - 1 1 - 1
MELSEC-Q
1 OVERVIEW
1
1 OVERVIEW
This programming manual describes how to use instructions and functions of the
programming language "AD51H-BASIC" used with the communication module.
Please refer to the following manuals as necessary when using AD51H-BASIC.
• AD51H-S3 User's Manual
(IB (Name) -68350)
• A1SD51S User's Manual
(Details) (SH (Name) -3523)
• QD51 (-R24) User's Manual
(Details) (SH (Name) -080092)
SW1IVD-AD51HP/SW1NX-AD51HP
Operating Manual
(IB (Name) -68674)
MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the U. S.

1 - 2 1 - 2
MELSEC-Q
1 OVERVIEW
1
1.1 Features
The following are features of AD51H-BASIC.
(1) Both interpreter-type BASIC and compiler-type BASIC languages
can be employed.
This allows easy creation of system control programs and programs that perform
data linking with a computer without being aware of the complicated internal
structure of the module; it is easy to use even for beginners.
The execution speed can be made faster by compiling already created programs.
(2) Multiple programs can be executed simultaneously by means of
multitask processing.
The communication module supports multitask processing. Because of this, up to
8 BASIC programs can be executed simultaneously on the AD51H-S3, and up to
2 BASIC programs can be executed simultaneously on the A1SD51S/QD51 (-
R24). In such cases, the communication module sequentially switches the
execution of each program, so it appears to the user as if the multiple programs
are running simultaneously.
(3) Data can be communicated between programs via message ports
and communication module internal devices.
When multiple programs are executed simultaneously using the multitask
processing function, data can be communicated using the following means.
1) Message ports • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
2) Communication module internal devices • • • • •
3) Shared memory • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
1 to n data communication
1 to n data communication
1 to n data communication
(4) Execution can be synchronized between programs via events.
When multiple programs are executed simultaneously using the multitask
processing function, it is possible to synchronize their executions. This is
achieved by making programs wait for an event using the ZWAIT EVENT
instruction and generating an event by the ZSIGNAL instruction.
(5) Instructions for data link with external devices have been unified.
Data link with the PLC CPU of the same station as the communication module or
other PLC CPUs via MELSECNET can be performed using the PCRD/PCWT
instructions. The data link between the various interfaces of the communication
module and external devices is performed using the ZRECEIVE/ZSEND
instructions.
In this way, by creating a single subroutine that performs data link, it is possible
to share the arguments of each instruction by passing them to variables in that
subroutine.

1 - 3 1 - 3
MELSEC-Q
1 OVERVIEW
1.2 Symbols Used in This Manual
This manual uses the following symbols (used especially within Format ) for
descriptive purposes.
The symbols and their meanings are described in the following. Be sure to understand
them fully before starting to create programs. Note that the symbols shown below
should not be entered when actually entering the instructions and arguments related to
the description sections that use these symbols. Doing so will result in a syntax error.
Other symbols and characters have special meanings. Use them according to their
descriptions.
[ ] (Square brackets) : [ ] indicates that the arguments inside them are
optional.
{ } (brackets) : { } indicates that the arguments inside them are
optional or can be repeated.
< > : < > indicates that the single item inside should be
entered (specified) by the user.
| (vertical line) : Indicates that one of the two or more items
separated by pipe symbols must be chosen and
entered. When the range of options is hard to see, it
is underlined.
: Indicates a place where at least one space must be
entered, or a single space.
H : Indicates that the alphanumeric string immediately
before it is an integer value expressed in
hexadecimal format.
Ctrl + : Indicates a key operation where the key is pressed
while at the same time holding the control key
pressed.
Enter : Indicates that the enter key should be pressed.

2 - 1 2 - 1
MELSEC-Q
2 THE BASICS OF AD51H-BASIC
2
2 THE BASICS OF AD51H-BASIC
2.1 Preparation to Use AD51H-BASIC
In order to edit or execute a program using AD51H-BASIC (hereinafter referred to as
BASIC), it is necessary to change the mode of the communication module to edit
mode, then connect the console, and start up BASIC. The procedures and the relevant
reference manuals are shown below.
(1) Setting the communication module and connecting the console.
Perform settings and connections for each communication module.
(2) Console preparation
Carry out the online programming items according to the Type SW IVD-
AD51HP/SW NX-AD51HP Software Package Operation Manual.
This is not necessary
when using a general-purpose
console.
SW IVD-AD51HP
or
SW NX-AD51HP
IBM/AT Compatible Personal Computer,
PC-9800 Series
(3) Editing and running BASIC programs can be started by using the
START instruction in the system mode of the communication
module, according to the user’s manual for each communication
module.
Execute
the START
instruction. S>START Enter,

2 - 2 2 - 2
MELSEC-Q
2 THE BASICS OF AD51H-BASIC
2
(4) This allows editing and execution of BASIC programs and an ‘OK’
is displayed on the console screen.
BASIC can now
be used. AD51H-BASIC ON-LINE PROGRAMING Ver X.X
OK
Using the START instruction in system mode starts up BASIC and changes the mode of the
communication module into a mode referred to as "online programming mode."
This mode allows creation of a BASIC program and execution of a single-task program.
(5) Execute the SYSTEM instruction or press the Ctrl + D keys to
change the mode of the communication module back to system
mode after finishing editing and execution with BASIC.
Return to
system mode. S>
REMARK
• In order to perform multitask operation of programs, it is necessary to perform
multitask settings and specify the execution in system mode of the communication
module. See the AD51H-BASIC Programming Manual (Program
Editing/Compilation) for details.

2 - 3 2 - 3
MELSEC-Q
2 THE BASICS OF AD51H-BASIC
Note
There are two modes for executing BASIC programs in the communication module.
• Edit mode (online programming mode)
In this mode, BASIC programs can be executed online, and only the BASIC
program being edited can be executed.
It is not possible to perform multitask execution of BASIC programs while in edit
mode.
This manual describes examples of programming and execution in edit mode,
with the exception of multitask instructions.
• Execution mode
This mode allows multitask execution of BASIC programs that use multitask
instructions.
It is not possible to create or edit BASIC programs in execution mode.
Changing between edit mode and execution mode of the communication module is
performed by the methods shown below.
• AD51H-S3, A1SD51S • • • • • Use the rotary switch of the main module
(Mode switch)
• QD51 (-R24) • • • • • Perform GPPW switch settings
See the user’s manual for each communication module for detailed descriptions of
each mode and changing between them.