Radio Shack TRS-80 Model 100 User manual

Radio /hack’ Computer Training Programs
TRS-80® MODEL 100
INTRODUCTION/OPERATION
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Radio /hack® Computer Training Programs
STUDENT’S GUIDE
TRS-80® Model 100 Introduction/Operation
Course
(Mod 100 Op)
Written by Gwen Marlin
Stock #FC-1019
Printed 4/83
This coordinated note-taking guide was specifically designed for use in
conjunction with Radio Shack Computer Training Programs Course FC-1018.
Reproduction or use, without express written permission from Tandy Corporation, of any portion of this
manual is prohibited. While reasonable efforts have been taken in the preparation of this manual to assure its
accuracy, Tandy Corporation assumes no liability resulting from any errors or omissions in this manual, or
from the use of the information contained herein.
Director, Computer Training Programs
Tandy Corporation/Radio Shack
Fort Worth, TX 76102, U.S.A.
Copyright 1983 Tandy Corporation
All Rights Reserved
Printed in the United States of America

Radio /hack® Computer Training Programs
COURSE OVERVIEW
This course is designed to familiarize you with the TRS-80® Model 100 microcomputer and
some of the basic concepts of computers in general. You will be able to discuss, in computer
jargon, the capabilities of your Model 100. You will learn the fundamentals of operation
(including built-in programs); care of your computer and cassettes; and will be shown how to
utilize the Owner’s Manual to assist you in effectively operating your Model 100.
LESSON 1
OBJECTIVES
Upon successful completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
1.Describe ageneral-purpose computer and name its five functional sections.
2. Discuss, in general terms, the Model 100’s capabilities utilizing custom programs as well
as applications software.
3. Understand and utilize some of the common terms used in microcomputer jargon,
4. Utilize the Model 100 Owner’s Manual to look up pertinent procedures and techniques.
5. Describe the physical components of the Model 100 and locate the connections for
attaching peripherals.
6. Discuss the importance of proper cassette care and storage in preventing data loss.
7. Correctly power-up and power-down the Model 100.
8. Explain and use the seven functional groups of keys and modes of operation associated
with the keyboard.
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Radio /haek* Computer Training Programs
INTRODUCTION TO MICROCOMPUTERS

Radio /hack8Computer Training Programs
PROGRAMMING CAPABILITIES
GLOSSARY
In order to function efficiently and communicate effectively in the world of computers, you will
need to become familiar with several terms unique to the computer world. The glossary,
found in the back of this Student’s Guide, is to help you with the more common terms that
you are likely to encounter in this class and in talking with others about your new computer. It
is in no way to be considered complete or exhaustive and you are encouraged to refer to a
computer dictionary for amore complete listing.
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OWNER’S MANUAL
The Model 100 Owner’s Manual and Quick Reference Card should be consulted for
information regarding the operation of the computer and peripherals. It contains start-up
directions and detailed information regarding the five installed programs, BASIC, TEXT,
ADDRSS, SCHEDL, and TELCOM, as well as technical information concerning the computer
hardware.
PART i
1. Model 100
Description
2. Operation
Power Options
Start-Up
Main Menu
3. Brief Info
on Installed
Programs
PART II
TEXT
ADDRSS
SCHEDL
TELCOM
Sample
Session
PART
1.Model 100
BASIC
2. Data Types
3. Control
Commands
4. Input/Output
5. Keywords
PART IV
Appendices
1. Optional
Equipment
Connections
2. Warm/Cold
Start
3. Sample
Sessions
4. Tech Info
5. Error Codes
6. Maintenance
DOCUMENTATION CONVENTION
CAPITALS and punctuation:
e.g., PRINT “The Time Is TIMES
lowercase italics:
e.g., LOAD “device:filename
"
...(ellipsis):
e.g., DIM array namel (dimension listl ),. .
.
(KEYNAME! :
e.g., ISC) or (SHTflXPAOSl) or (GRPHXZ)
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PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
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RadioShack* Computer Training Programs
MODEL 100 INTERFACES
Reset Button
RS-232C
Printer
Phone
ANSwer/ORIGinate Selector
DIRect Connect/ACP Acoustic Coupler
Modem Selector
Bar Code Wand Connector
Cassette
CASSETTES
Provides external storage
of programs and data for
recall and use at alater time.
CASSETTE TAPES ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO SEVERAL POSSIBLE SOURCES OF
DAMAGE AND SHOULD BE TREATED AS DELICATE AND SENSITIVE ITEMS.
Don’t use tape with aleader.
Don’t touch the tape surface.
Don’t allow them near magnetic fields.
Don’t subject them to temperature extremes.
REMEMBER!!
THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR HIGH-QUALITY CASSETTE TAPE!
DON’T COMPROMISE ON THIS POINT!
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Contains up to 32K
of RAM for program
and data storage.
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POWER OPTIONS
BATTERIES
BATTERY LIFE
Computer Use Per Day
one hour
four hours
Estimated Battery Life
20 days
five days
POWER OPTIONS
EXTERNAL POWER
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Radio /hack" Computer Training Programs
POWER-UP SEQUENCE
1.Ensure that the Memory Power Switch is
2. If using AC power, plug the adapter cord into asocket and into the
on the Model 100.
3. Turn ON the Model 100.
4. Turn ON all
5. If not in use for ,minutes, the Model 100 will automatically
6.
To restart, move the power switch from to
and back.
KEYBOARD
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POWER-DOWN SEQUENCE
1. Turn all off.
2. Turn the -off.
IMPORTANT NOTE: DO NOT turn the Memory Power Switch OFF, unless extended storage
is planned.
SUMMARY
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Radio /hack' Computer Training Programs
NOTES:
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Radio /hack Computer Training Programs
SELF-CHECK 1
1
.
The five functional sections of ageneral purpose computer are:
(A) Adder, Subtracter, Processor, Recorder, and Memory
(B) Input, Output, Control, Display, and Memory
(C) Input, Output, Control, Processor, and Memory
(D) Cassette, Processor, Output, Control, and Timer
2.
The physical part of the Model 100 which relates to the functional section of a
microcomputer called input is
(A) the video screen.
(B) the keyboard.
(C) the reset button.
(D) the ON/OFF switch.
3.
In the Owner’s Manual, the occurrence of lowercase italics in acommand line
represents
(A) user-supplied information.
(B) information which should be entered exactly as written.
(C) information which can be repeated several times on the line.
(D) information which is unknown to the operator.
4.
To activate the 10-key pad on the Model 100 keyboard, press:
(A) CENTER)
(B) fCODE)
(C) (NUM)
(D) CGRPH)
5.
The Model 100 can be powered by
(A) AC current when using apower adapter cord.
(B) four AA alkaline batteries.
(C) four solar cell batteries.
(D) Aand B.
(E) all of the above. iQ
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Radio /hack* Computen|r»ning: Piopams
6. Which of these statements is true?
(A) The Memory Power Switch is never turned off unless the Model 100 is to be stored
for an extended period.
(B) Batteries must be removed from the Model 100 when AC current is being used.
(C) If left on while under battery power and not “in use” for aperiod over one hour, the
Model 100’s batteries will run down.
(D) Storage of programs for the Model 100 is limited to internal memory.
7. If the Model 100’s automatic power-down is activated, the proper method of power-up is
to first
(A) unplug the AC adapter cord from the Model 100.
(B) remove and replace the batteries.
(C) turn the ON/OFF switch OFF then ON.
(D) press CENTER].
8.
If the LOW BATTERY indicator comes on,
(A) the operator can switch to AC current by connecting the AC cord.
(B) replace the batteries.
(C) turn the Memory Power Switch OFF.
(D) Aor B.
9.
Programs and data for the Model 100 can be stored
(A) on cassette tapes.
(B) in resident memory.
(C) both in resident memory and on cassette tapes.
(D) Programs cannot be stored.
10.
The Model 100 can be operated using
(A) programs written in BASIC or assembly language.
(B) application programs written especially for the Model 100.
(C) the five installed programs.
(D) all of the above.
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LESSON 2
OBJECTIVES
Upon successful completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
1. Read and utilize the Model 100 Menu to recall selected information from storage.
2. Set day, date, and time values which remain in effect after power-down.
3. LOAD, LIST, RUN, and SAVE aBASIC program.
4. Utilize the BASIC commands KEY, POWER, and KILL.
5. Describe and respond to BASIC error messages which appear on the video screen.
6. Utilize the TEXT program to create and edit documents.
7. Utilize the TEXT program to set up files for use with the ADDRSS and SCHEDL
programs.
8. Properly SAVE and LOAD programs and data to and from cassette storage.
9. Use the ADDRSS and SCHEDL programs to retrieve data.
10.
Utilize the TELCOM program as a communications link for automatic telephone dialing
accessing information services.
FILE NAMES
File Names:
Are limited to characters in length.
Cannot begin with a
Will have extensions added when the file is created.
Extensions:
indicates aBASIC program or data file.
indicates aTEXT document file.
indicates acommand program written in Assembly language.
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MENU
CALLING BASIC
From the menu, place the cursor over the filename and press
The screen will display:
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DAY$, DATE$, TIME$
To set the day, date, or time:
Format:
Command: Value:
DAY$ Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
DATE$ MM/DD/YY
TIMES HH:MM:SS
To display the day, date, or time:
Format: PRINT command$
POWER COMMAND
The BASIC command is used to alter automatic
power-down period.
Format:
(numeric expression range =10-255)
NOTE: The numeric expression times .1 equals minutes.
KEY COMMAND
Format: KEY function key number, string expression
function key number =anumber between 1and 8
string expression can be no more than 15characters
Enter this:
KEY
NOTE: ?is BASIC shorthand for PRINT.
Data in quotes (“ ”) is interpreted literally.
CHR$(13) is BASIC shorthand for (ENTER) .
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LOADING ABASIC PROGRAM
FROM CASSETTE TAPE
To LOAD aprogram from cassette tape:
1.Properly connect acassette recorder to the Model 100.
2. Set the volume control between and depress
3. Press and enter
4. When the file is loaded, PLAY must be released.
LISTING PROGRAMS
To display the loaded program, press
To control the scrolling of along program, you can press (PAUSE).
RUNNING PROGRAMS
To run aresident BASIC program,
press
To load and run anon-resident BASIC program,
enter
e.g., RUN “CAS:LOAN”
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SAVING ABASIC PROGRAM
TO CASSETTE TAPE
To SAVE aBASIC program:
1. Ensure proper connections of recorder to the Model 100.
2. Depress and
3. Press and enter
4. When the action is complete, the recorder buttons must be released.
KILL COMMAND
Purpose: to delete programs and/or data files from memorv.
Format: *
(File extensions must be included.)
Enter this: ,
ERROR MESSAGES
BASIC error messages
A. e.g., SN ERROR IN 30
B. Enter if you want to check the program syntax.
C. Restart the program.
D. Consult Getting Started With TRS-80® BASIC and the BASIC section of the
Owner’s Manual for more information about BASIC errors.
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